Unit 3

Ionic Equilibrium
1. What are the limitation of Arrhenius acid and base?
2. State and explain Ostwald’s dilution law. Why this law is not applicable to ionization of strong electrolyte? [5]
3. Define Bronsted Lowry acid and base giving two examples of each also point out its limitations. [2 + 1]
4. Write suitable examples to show water acts as Bronsted Lowry acid and base. [2]
5. Define Lewis acid and Lewis base Giving two example of each also point out its limitation. [2+1]
6. Classify BF3 and NH3 as Lewis acid and base giving reason. [2]
7. What do you mean by conjugate acid base pair describe with suitable example? Give conjugate acid and
conjugate base of NH3 [2+1]
8. Define the ionic product of water. Why does K w of water increases with increase in temperature? [2]
9. What is pH and pOH? Derive the relation between pH and pOH. [4]
10. Whether the aqueous solution of CaCl2 is acidic, basic or neutral. Give reason. [2]
11. Whether the aqueous solution of CuSO 4 is acidic basic or neutral. Give reason. [2]
12. Why aqueous solution of Na 2CO3 is basic. [2]
13. What is meant by solubility product of sparingly soluble electrolyte? [2]
14. What is common ion effect? Explain with suitable example. [4]
15. What happens when dry HCl is passed through saturated solution of sodium chloride? [2]
16. What happens in the pH of NH4OH by the addition of NH4Cl? [2]
17. Which indicator would you use during the titration between oxalic acid and sodium hydroxide? Why?
18. Selection of indicator depends on the nature of acid and base. Explain
19. Can we use phenolphthalein for the titration of Na2CO3 vs. HCl?
20. Explain about salt and their types.
Numericals
For Strong Acids-
1. Calculate the PH of – HCl
A) 0.1M or 10-1 M HCl soln. b) 0.01M or 10 -2 M HCl soln. c) 0.001M or 10-3 M HCl soln.
d) 0.0001M or 10 -4 M HCl soln. e) 0.00001M or 10 -5 M HCl soln. f) 0.000001M or 10-6 M HCl soln.
2. Calculate the PH of – H2SO4
a) 0.1M or 10-1 M H2SO4 soln. b) 0.01M or 10-2 M H2SO4 soln. c) 0.001M or 10-3 M H2SO4 soln.
3. Calculate the PH of 0.0000001M or 10 -7 M HCl soln. Ans-6.67
4. Calculate the PH of 0.00000001M or 10 -8 M HCl soln. Ans-6.95
5. Calculate the PH of 0.0000001M or 10 -7 M NaOH soln. Ans- 6.67
6. Calculate the PH of 1 M HCl soln. Ans- zero
7. Calculate the PH of 2 or 4 or 6 or 100 M HCl soln. is -ve
8. Calculate the the PH of 0.01M or 10 -2 M Acetic acid soln. which ionizes 20% ans 2.67
9. Calculate the degree of ionization in 0.01M or 10-2 M HCN soln Having H+ concentration 10 -2 M . ans 0.1 or 10%
10. What is the PH of 0.01 M HCN solution for which Pka= 4 or Ka= 10 -4. ans=3.
11. the PH of 0.1 M HCN solution is 5.3 find the value of Ka. Ans= 2.5X10 -10
12. 10 ml N/100 HCl is mixed with 20 ml of N/100 H2SO4 solution find the PH of mixture. And also find the PH of HCl
in the mixture.
13. 100 ml of N/5 HCl solution is mixed with 100 ml of N/10 NaOH solution find the PH of resulting solution(mixture).
Ans= 1.3
14. 100 ml of N/5 HCl solution is mixed with 100 ml of N/10 NaOH and mixture is diluted to 1000 ml find the PH of
solution. Ans= 2
15. 200 ml of 0.1N HCl solution is mixed with 20 ml of 0.5 N NaOH solution find the PH of resulting solution(mixture).
16. 100 ml of 0.1N HCl solution is mixed with 100 ml of 0.5 N NaOH solution find the PH of resulting
solution(mixture).
17. 0.4 g of NaOH is mixed with 200 ml of 0.1 N HCl solution find the PH of resulting solution.
18. An acid solution of PH = 5 is diluted to 1000 times. Find the PH of solution. Ans= 6.95.
19. An acid solution of PH = 4 is diluted to 1000 times. Find the pH of solution. Ans= 7
20. The Ksp of AgCl = 1X10 -10 mole/litre.Find the solubility of AgCl- in mole per litre and g/l. Ans 10 -5 m/l and
0.00143 g/l.
21. The Ksp of CaF2 = 4X10-12 mole/litre.Find the solubility of CaF2 in mole per litre and g/l. Ans 10 -4 m/l
22. The Ksp of AgCl = 1X10 -10 mole/litre and The Ksp of CaF2 = 4X10-12 mole/litre. Compare the solubility. Which one
is more soluble. Ans = CaF2 > AgCl
23. The Ksp of AgCl = 1X10-10 mole/litre. a) Find the solubility of AgCl in pure water
b) Find the solubility of AgCl in 0.1 M NaCl. Ans 10 -5 m/l and 10-9 m/l
24. The Ksp of Ag2C2O4 = 4X10-12 mole/litre. a) Find the solubility of Ag 2C2O4 in pure water
b) Find the solubility of Ag2C2O4 in 0.1 M K2C2O4. Ans 10-3 m/l and = √10𝑋10 − 6 m/l
25. A solution contains 0.1M Ag+ and 0.1M Cl-, will AgCl ppt out. The Ksp of AgCl = 1X10 -10 mole/litre
Ans : Q> Ksp thus ppt out
26. The ppt of CaF2 is formed by mixing a) 10 -4 M Ca++ and 10-4M F-. b) 10-2 M Ca++ and 10-3M F-. c) 10-5 M Ca++
and 10-3M F-. d) 10-3 M Ca++ and 10-5M F-.
The Ksp of CaF2 = 1.7X10 -10 mole/litre Ans b.
27. 1litre of 10-5 M AgNO3 is mixed with 1 litre of 10-5 M NaCL will AgCl ppt out. The Ksp of AgCl is 10-10. ans No
ppt.
28. Calculate the PH of 1.5 M CH3COOH and 1.5 M CH3COONa having Ka= 1.8X10 -5. or Pka = 4.74. ans= 4.74
29. Calculate the PH of 50 ml 1 M CH3COOH mixed with 10 ml 1 M CH3COONa having PKa= 4.74. ans= 4
30. Calculate the PH of 0.15 M NH4Cl and 0.45 M NH4OH having Kb= 1.8X10 -5. ans= 9.7
31. Calculate the PH of 0.75 M HF and 0.25 M NaF having Ka= 6.6X10 -4. ans= 2.9
32. Calculate the PH of 4.35 M NH4Cl (or 29 g of NH4Cl in 126 ml), Kb= 1.8X10 -5. ans= 4.31
33. What mass of NaOH should be dissolved in two liter of solution to prepare a solution having pH 12? [4]
34. Calculate the pH of an aqueous solution of 10 -7 molar concentration of HCl. [2]
35. 220 ml of aqueous solution of HCl (pH = 2) is mixed with 280 ml of an aqueous solution of NaOH (pH = 12). What
will be the pH of the resulting solution? [5]
36. The pH of the H2SO4 solution is 2. Calculate the concentration of H 2SO4 in normality. [2]
37. Calculate the degree of ionization of HCN having concentration 0.01 M ( K a of HCN is 4.8×10-10). Also calculate
H+ ion concentration and pH. [4]
38. The solubility of AgCl in water is 1.435×10-3g/Liter. Calculate its solubility in 0.5M KCl solution.(Ag=108) [3]
39. Calculate the pH of the resulting mixture obtained by mixing 75ml of 0.2M HCl and 25 ml of 0.2M NaOH. [2]
40. What is the minimum volume of water require to dissolve 1 gram of calcium sulphate at 298K [Given solubility
product for CaSO4 = 9.1 ×10-5] [4]
41. The solubility product constant of Ca(OH)2 at 25oC is 4.42×10-5. A 500 ml of saturated solution of Ca(OH)2 is
mixed with an equal volume of 0.4M NaOH. What mass of Ca(OH) 2 is precipitated. [4]
42. The solubility product of BaSO 4 is 1.1×10-10 at 25oC. What amount of BaSO4 will be precipitated, if 1 milimole of
H2SO4 is added to one liter of saturated solution of BaSO 4. (Ba=137) [4]

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