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    Java_Final_Exam_Notes_with_Code_Samples_Final

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    yahyamohamed11no1
    The document provides an overview of essential Java concepts including project folder structure, collection classes, threading, database connectivity, and WebSocket communication. It outlines the purpose of key files in a Java project and demonstrates the use of various Java features with code samples. Each section is designed to help understand practical applications of Java in real-world scenarios.

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    Java_Final_Exam_Notes_with_Code_Samples_Final

    Uploaded by

    yahyamohamed11no1
    1 views4 pages
    The document provides an overview of essential Java concepts including project folder structure, collection classes, threading, database connectivity, and WebSocket communication. It outlines the purpose of key files in a Java project and demonstrates the use of various Java features with code samples. Each section is designed to help understand practical applications of Java in real-world scenarios.

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    The document provides an overview of essential Java concepts including project folder structure, collection classes, threading, database connectivity, and WebSocket communication. It outlines the purpose of key files in a Java project and demonstrates the use of various Java features with code samples. Each section is designed to help understand practical applications of Java in real-world scenarios.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    1 views4 pages

    Java_Final_Exam_Notes_with_Code_Samples_Final

    Uploaded by

    yahyamohamed11no1
    The document provides an overview of essential Java concepts including project folder structure, collection classes, threading, database connectivity, and WebSocket communication. It outlines the purpose of key files in a Java project and demonstrates the use of various Java features with code samples. Each section is designed to help understand practical applications of Java in real-world scenarios.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 4

    Java Final Exam Notes with Code Samples

    1. Explain the Project's Folder Structure

    Understand where to store and find specific files in a Java project:


    - pom.xml: Contains project configurations, dependencies, and plugins for Maven projects.
    - .gitignore: Specifies files and directories to exclude from version control.
    - src/main/java/../controller: Contains classes responsible for handling requests and
    directing application flow.
    - src/main/java/../model: Stores classes representing the application's data structure or
    logic.
    - src/main/java/shared: Holds shared utilities or helper classes used across the project.
    - src/main/resources: Keeps non-code resources like configuration files and templates.
    - src/main/webapp: Contains the frontend resources such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and JSP
    files.
    - src/main/webapp/WEB-INF: Stores configuration files and server-side components like
    web.xml.
    - src/test: Holds test classes to ensure code reliability.

    2. Demonstrate the Use of Collection Classes and Methods

    Java Collections Framework provides reusable data structures:


    - Collections: Utility class with static methods for operations like sorting and searching.
    - List: An ordered collection allowing duplicates (e.g., ArrayList).
    - ArrayList: Resizable array implementation of List.
    - Set: A collection that does not allow duplicate elements.
    - HashSet: A hash table-based implementation of Set.

    Example:

    import java.util.*;

    public class CollectionsExample {


    public static void main(String[] args) {
    List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
    list.add("Apple");
    list.add("Banana");
    list.add("Apple"); // Duplicates allowed in List
    System.out.println("List: " + list);
    Set<String> set = new HashSet<>(list);
    System.out.println("Set: " + set); // Removes duplicates
    }
    }

    3. Create and Use Threads

    Steps to work with Threads:


    - Runnable: Implement to define the task.
    - Thread: Instantiate and start the thread.
    - synchronized keyword: Ensures thread-safe access to resources.

    Example:

    class MyRunnable implements Runnable {


    public void run() {
    System.out.println("Thread is running.");
    }
    }

    public class ThreadExample {


    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
    Thread thread = new Thread(new MyRunnable());
    thread.start();
    thread.join(); // Wait for the thread to finish
    }
    }

    4. Connect to and Query Databases

    Classes and methods needed:


    - Connection: Establishes a database connection.
    - AutoCloseable and try-with-resources: Ensures connections are closed automatically.
    - CallableStatement: Executes stored procedures using parameter indexes.
    - ResultSet: Retrieves query results.

    Example:
    import java.sql.*;

    public class DatabaseExample {


    public static void main(String[] args) {
    String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/school_db";
    String user = "root";
    String password = "password";

    try (Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password)) {


    CallableStatement stmt = connection.prepareCall("{CALL GetStudents()}");
    ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery();
    while (rs.next()) {
    System.out.println(rs.getString("name"));
    }
    } catch (SQLException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    }
    }
    }

    5. Streams and Sockets

    For communication with files and sockets:


    - ServerEndpoint: Requires JSON, Encoder, and Decoder for WebSocket communication.
    - JavaScript WebSocket: Communicates with the server via WebSockets.

    Example for WebSocket:

    // Java WebSocket
    @ServerEndpoint(value = "/chat")
    public class ChatServer {
    @OnMessage
    public void onMessage(String message, Session session) throws IOException {
    session.getBasicRemote().sendText("Echo: " + message);
    }
    }

    // JavaScript WebSocket Client


    const socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/chat");
    socket.onmessage = (event) => console.log(event.data);

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