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4.2 Operating System (1)

The document outlines the objectives and functions of an operating system (OS), highlighting its importance in computing. It describes different types of OS interfaces, file management, peripheral management, memory management, multitasking, interrupt handling, application support, and user account management. Additionally, it notes the historical context of personal computers in the 1970s and their impact on technology access.

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6 views

4.2 Operating System (1)

The document outlines the objectives and functions of an operating system (OS), highlighting its importance in computing. It describes different types of OS interfaces, file management, peripheral management, memory management, multitasking, interrupt handling, application support, and user account management. Additionally, it notes the historical context of personal computers in the 1970s and their impact on technology access.

Uploaded by

nooraafzali.grandeur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4.

2
OPERATING
SYSTEM
OBJECTIVES
1. Describe the function of an
operating system and its
importance in computing.
2. Identify different types of
operating systems and their
characteristics.
3. Explain how operating systems
manage files, peripherals,
memory, multitasking, interrupts,
and user accounts.
KEYWORDS
INTRODUCTION
Operating system is example of which type of software?
Answer: System Software
Examples? Windows, Linux, MacOS for PC’s and laptops,

Purpose of the Operating system: Allow you, the user,


interact with the hardware.

Roles of the Operating system


WHAT IS AN

QUIZ TIME!
INTERFACE?

AN EXAMPLE OF
OPERATING SYSTEM
SOFTWARE.

PURPOSE OF OS
1. PROVIDING AN
INTERFACE
The OS allows the user to to enter data, and outputs
data through the interface. There are 3 types on
interfaces:
1. Graphical user Interface (GUI): has windows, icons,
menus and pointers (WIMP). Familiar with PCs,
mobile phones, etc. Example: Windows.
2. Command line interface: requires the user to
enter text as commands. This is most useful for
expert users because the commands entered must
be exact. An example is Linux.
3. Natural Language interface: allows the user to enter any text
commands, or speak commands. The OS then analyses what has been
entered and performs the action. For example, Amazon's Alexa,
Microsoft's Cortana or Apple's Siri? These are examples of natural
language interfaces.
2. MANAGING FILES
A user will use application software to create files. The OS allows the
creation of directories that the files can be stored within. It also
allows the user to move files, copy files, delete files, name and
rename files, plus many other actions such as sorting by date.

3. MANAGING PERIPHERALS AND DRIVERS


A computer cannot be used without input and output devices. These
are called peripherals.
A driver is software that translates data from the computer to the
peripheral, and vice-versa. The OS allows the installation of these
drivers and the sending of data to and from it.

4. MANAGING MEMORY
A computer uses memory to store data. This can be using secondary
or primary memory.
The OS manages the movement of data to and from hardware,
The OS primarily RAM.
will also make sure that two It also checks the processes being carried out
processes do not try and access and makes sure that they have enough memory allocated to perform
the same memory location. their function.
5. MANAGING MULTITASKING
A single processor can only ever execute one instruction at a time. The
processor does this so fast that it appears to be doing several tasks at once.
The OS allows this to happen by deciding which processes should be executed
next and how long they can spend being processed before switching to another
process. The OS does this using interrupts.
6. MANAGING INTERRUPTS
An interrupt is a signal sent to the processor to tell it that something
needs its attention. The OS decides which interrupt to run and then
performs the actions required.
7. PROVIDING A PLATFORM FOR RUNNING
APPLICATIONS
Application software needs to run on a computer. The software could be
written by anyone using any language. The OS allows the application
software to run on the computer by fetching instructions from it and
executing them.
8. MANAGING USER ACCOUNTS
Most computers need a user to set up an account. This can include
preferences, as well as a username and password (text and/or
biometric).
The OS allows a user to set-up an account, keeps the data separate for
multiple accounts, and restricts the access by using the password.
Fact: The 1970s saw the rise of
personal computers, bringing

TIME FOR QUIZZIZ


computing power to individuals. PCs
from companies like Apple and IBM
democratized technology,
transforming how people work,
communicate, and access information!

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