PAST EXAMINATION QUESTIONS FROM (2016 – 2019) WITH ANSWERS

AREA OF THE SHADED REGION

=
4 = =√

A= √ − = √ − …….

CONTACTS: 09662956555/ 0955295655/ 0970295655/0972355213

EMAILS: kachamadickson@gmail.com
 ABOUT THE AUTHORS

KACHAMA DICKSON.C: A holder of Bachelor’s degree in Mathematics Education

(B.Sc MA Ed) and a teacher by profession. Formerly a pupil at Mufulira Secondary
School (2010-2012) and a former Copperbelt University graduate (2014-2018). Currently
works at Katangalele Tuition Centre as a mathematics teacher and coordinator.

MWANSA ENISTONE: Holder of Bachelor of Science in mathematics Education

(B.Sc MA.Ed) obtained from Victoria Falls University of Technology. Currently a head
of Mathematics at Katima Secondary School Western Province - Zambia.

Kachama Dickson C is the author of other materials such as High standards in

Mathematics Grade 12 paper 1 and paper 2, High standards in mathematics Grade 9
paper 1 and paper 2, High standards in mathematics Classified learners Revision Book
Grades 10 -12 and High standards in Mathematics Grade 12 learners’ Book 1 and
Introduction to O level Calculus and many more. These materials have contributed
positively to the improvement of performance in the subject countrywide.

“We believe, this pamphlet will be of great help to you even as you prepare for your
final examinations:”

CAUTION: NO PART OF THIS DOCUMENT MAY BE REPRODUCED OR

TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY MEANS OF PHOTOCOPYING,
RECORDING OR OTHERWISE WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN
PERMISSION OF THE AUTHOR

All Rights Reserved © KDC 2020 – CB – Mufulira

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics ii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are most grateful to God Almighty for granting us this life, strength, grace and the
privilege to write the first edition of this mathematics pamphlet.

We will also remain indebted if we would not acknowledge the examination Council of
Zambia (ECZ) for the questions were adapted from the mathematics syllabus D Past
Examination papers. However, we wish to state that, the answers given to the questions at
the end of the questions are our own responsibility and not the ECZ. We wish also to
thank all the teachers of mathematics country wide for their constant support.

Our special thanks also goes to the following people:

Mr. Kavombo P Assistant Clerk at DEBS - Masaiti

Mr. Mwelwa. K HOD Mathematic Twalubuka Sec. School - Mufulira

Mr. Chimibini. J Act/HOD Milemu Sec School - Ndola.

Mr. Chisapa. G HOD Mathematics Nsansa Sec School - Mufulira.

Mr. Musonda. I Deputy Head teacher Kalanga Sec School - Mufulira

Mr. Musondela. H Teacher of Mathematics – Rusangu Sec School -Monze

Mr. Sichilenge. M Director at High level Tuition Centre - Choma

Mr. Mwanza. G Teacher of Mathematics Naboye Sec School - Kafue.

Rev Banda Teacher of Mathematics at

Mr. Mwape. O HOD Mathematics – Kabulonga Boys Sec Sch – Lusaka.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics iii
 INTRODUCTION

HIGH STANDARDS IN ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS pamphlet is written to

prepare learners sitting for Additional-level mathematics Syllabus 4030. This pamphlet is
intended for revision purpose. It covers all the topics in mathematics paper 1 syllabus
4030 and aims at providing assistance to candidates who are about to sit for the final
examinations. This pamphlet contains the following;

Past examination questions from 2016-2019 for both internal and G.C.E which are
arranged according to the topics.
Model answers with working methods at the end of questions.

To get the maximum benefit of this pamphlet, learners are strongly recommended to use
this pamphlet alongside basic text books for more information on various topics.

The questions are arranged in a systematic way making it possible for the learners to do
quick revisions per topic.

All the necessary working methods are shown at the end of the questions and this makes
it possible for the learners revise on their own. Learners therefore, are encouraged to
work out the questions on their own before they can check for the answers at the end.

Note also that, there can be alternative working methods to some of the questions; the
authors has tried by all possible means to use the method which they think will make
the majority of the learners understand and get the concept. “Remember, there are many
ways of killing a rat”

In conclusion, any noticeable errors that maybe found in this pamphlet are the
responsibility of the authors. The authors would appreciate to receive details of such
errors that may have escaped the scrutiny of the authors.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics iv
 MATHEMATICAL FORMULAE

1 ALGEBRA

Quadratic Equation

For the equation + + = 0,

− ±√ −4
=
2

!"# $ %ℎ'"('#

! ! !
) + *+ = +
+, . +/0
+ , . +/ + ⋯+ , . +/2 2
+ ⋯+ +
,
1 2 (
! +
Where n is a positive integer and , . =
( )+/2*!2!

2 TRIGONOMETRY
Identities
sin A + cos B = 1
sec A = 1 + tan A
cosec A = 1 + cot A

Formulae for ∆ ABC

a b c
= =
sin A sin B sin C
= + − 2 cos A
1
∆= sin A
2

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics v
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABOUT THE AUTHORS: ………………………………………………………. (II)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: ……………………………………………….……... (III)
INTRODUCTION: ………………………………………………………..…..…. (IV)
MATHEMATICAL FORMULAE: ………………………………………..…..... (V)

TOPIC PAGE

1 COORDINATE GEOMETRY: ………………………………………………..…..…1

2 SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS & QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS: ……..…...…….5
3 FUNCTIONS: …….……………………………………………...………………..….7
4 CIRCULAR MEASURE: ……..………………………………..……………….……9
5 TRIGONOMETRY: ……..………………………………………..…………...……16
6 THE BINOMIAL THEOREM: ………...……………………….………………..…17
7 VECTORS: …….…………………………………………………...…………….…19
8 CALCULUS: ………….……………………………………………...…………..…22
9 ANSWERS:……….…………………………………………….……...……………23

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics vi
 TOPIC 1: COORDINATE GEOMETRY

QUESTION 1: 2016 OCT/NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) The line 2A + 3 = 12 cuts the −axis and the A − axis at A and B respectively.
Calculate the coordinates of the midpoints of A and B.
(b) In the diagram below, ABCD is the trapezium. AB is parallel to DC and
∠DAB = 90°. The coordinates of A and D are )−4, 4* and )2, 8* respectively.
The equation of BC is 4A = 7 − 8.
M) , *

C
N)−O, O*

4A = 7 − 8

O O

Find
(i) the equation of AB,
(ii) the equation of DC,
(iii) the coordinates of C.

QUESTION 2: 2017 JULY/AUGUST EXAMINATIONS

(a) Find the equation of the line parallel to the line 3 − 4A = 12 passing through
the point )−2, 5*.
(b) In the diagram below, ABCD is a triangle. The coordinates of A are )−3, 4* and
0
the equation of the line BC is 3A + 5 = 19. The gradients of AB and AC are − J
K
and − L respectively.

Compiled and solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 1
 A(−3, 4)

3A + 5 = 19

Find C

(i) the coordinates of B,

(ii) the magnitude of AC.

QUESTION 3: 2017 OCT/NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) Find the equation of the line through the point (0, 0) which is perpendicular to the
line through the point A (2, 4) and B (1, 3).
(b) In the diagram below, PQRS is a rectangle with P (0, 3) and Q (1, 0). PR is a
diagonal with equation 7A = − + 21.
A S

P (0, 3) 7A = − + 21
R

O Q (1, 0)

Find
(i) the coordinates of R and of S,
(ii) the area of rectangle PQRS.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 2
QUESTION 4: 2018 JUL/ AUG EXAMINATIONS

Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of the line joining A (− 4, 6) and B (6, 4).

QUESTION 5: 2018 OCT/ NOV EXAMINATIONS

The point A)−8, −2*, B)−2, * and C)2, 8* lie on the same straight line. Find the value of .

QUESTION 6: 2019 JUL / AUG EXAMINATIONS

(a) Find the equation of the line which is parallel to the line 2A + 8 = 3 and passes
through the midpoint of the line joining P)−8, 0* and Q)−2, 4*.
(b) In the diagram below, A and B are points on the − axis. The equation of BC is
A + 4 = 32, |AB| = 14 and AC is parallel to the line with equation
3A = 2 + 12.
A

A + 4 = 32

A O B

Find

(i) the coordinates of A,

(ii) the coordinates of C.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 3
QUESTION 7: 2019 OCT / NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) Find the equation of the straight line passing through the point P)3, 5* and parallel
to the line joining the points A)−1, 4* and B)5, 7*.
(b) In the triangle below, triangle PRN and PRQ are isosceles. QS is perpendicular
bisector of PR and the coordinates N are (5, 4). The equation of PQ and RN are
7A = + 28 and 3A = 4 − 8 respectively.
A
7A = +28 Q
P
N

3A = 4 − 8
S

O R

Find
(i) the coordinates of S,
(ii) the area of the triangle PRN.

QUESTION 8: 2020 SPECIMEN

(a) Find the equation of a line perpendicular to the line 5 − 2A − 11 = 0 passing

through the point )2, −3*.
(b) In the diagram below, ABC is a trapezium with A(4, 1) and C(4, 3). The point B
lies on the A − axis and angle DAB = 90°.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 4
 A

B C (4, 5)
5

A (4, 1)

Find
(i) the equation of the line AB,
(ii) the equation of the line AD,
(iii) the coordinates of D.

TOPIC 2: SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS AND QUADRATIC

EQUATIONS

QUESTION 1: 2016 OCT / NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) Solve the simultaneous equations

2A − = 4,
A =4+3 .
(b) Find the range of values of Q, for which the line A = −3 + 2Q + 2 does not meet
the curve A = + 3 − 5.

QUESTION 2: 2017 JUL / AUG EXAMINATIONS

(a) Solve the simultaneous equations

− 2A = 1,
A − 3 A + 8 = 0.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 5
(b) Given that the line A − 2 = # is a tangent to the curve + A = −12, find the
possible values of #.

QUESTION3: 2017 OCT / NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) Solve the simultaneous equations

3 = A + 7,
+ A = A + 1.
(b) Find the value of Q for which A = + Q is a tangent to the curve A = −2 .

QUESTION 4: 2018 JUL / AUG EXAMINATIONS

(a) Solve the simultaneous equations

2A = + 5,
4 + 4 A + A = 0.
(b) Find the range of the function R: 3 + 8 − 16 for the domain
−2 ≤ ≤ 3.

QUESTION 5: 2018 OCT / NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) Solve the simultaneous equations

6A = + 2,
L
3A = V + 2,

(b) Find the range of values of Q for which the line A = Q + 6 does not meet the
curve + A = 9.

QUESTION 6: 2019 JUL / AUG EXAMINATIONS

(a) Solve the simultaneous equations

+ A = 1,
= A + 3.
(b) Find the range of values of Q for which the line A = − 12 does not meet the
curve A = + 7 + Q.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 6
QUESTION 7: 2019 JUL / AUG EXAMINATIONS

(a) Solve the simultaneous equations

2A − = 1,
− A = 1.
(b) Find the range of values of Q for which the line A = Q + 3 intersects the curve
2 − A = 1 at two distinct points.

QUESTION 8: 2020 SPECIMEN

(a) Solve the simultaneous equations

2 + A = 7,
A− = 4.
(b) Find the range of values of Q, where Q > 0, for which the line A = Q − 2 does
not meet the curve − 4 A + 1 = 0.

TOPIC 3: FUNCTIONS

QUESTION 1: 2016 OCT / NOV EXAMINATIIONS

KV/0
A function f is defined by R: → . Find

J
(a) the value of given that R) * = ,
Y
(b) the value of such that R /0 ) * = R) *.

QUESTION 2: 2017 JUL / AUG EXAMINATIONS

K 0
A functions f and g are defined by R: ⟶ , ≠ − and ]: ⟶ 2 + 3. Find
V[0
(a) the value of ^, given that R])^* = J,
(b) the values of for which ]) * = R) *.

QUESTION 3: 2017 OCT / NOV EXAMINATIONS

V/0
A function g is defined by ]: ⟶ . Find
K

(a) an expression for ] ) *,

(b) the value of such that ] ) * = ]) *.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 7
QUESTION 4: 2018 JUL / AUG EXAMINATIONS

Two functions f and g are defined by R: ⟶ + 3 and ]: ⟶ 3 − 4 where ∈ `. Find

(a) g ) *,
(b) the value of for which f /0 ) * = gf) *.

QUESTION 5: 2018 OCT/ NOV EXAMINATIONS

cV[L d
The function f is defined by f: ⟶ , ≠ − where p and q are real numbers.
JV[d J

(a) Find an expression for f /0 ) *.

(b) Given that f)−2* = −1 and f /0 )2* = 2, find the value of p and q.

QUESTION 6: 2019 JUL / NOVEMBER EXAMINATIONS

V
The functions f and g are defined by f: ⟶ e + f and g: ⟶ + 1, where e and f are real
c

numbers. Find

(a) an expression for ff) *,

(b) the value of e and f for which f)3* = 11 and fg)3* = 8.

QUESTION 7: 2019 OCT/ NOV EXAMINATIONS

gV[
The function h is defined by ℎ: ⟶ , ≠ 0 where and e are constants.
cV

(a) Find an expression for ℎ/0 ) *,

(b) Given that ℎ)−1* = 2 and ℎ/0 )5* = 2, find the value of and e.

QUESTION 8: 2020 SPECIMEN

0 0
The functions g and h are defined by g: ⟶ V[0
, ≠ − and h: ⟶ + 3. Find

(a) hg) *,
(b) the values of for which hg) * = h) *.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 8
 TOPIC 4: CIRCULAR MEASURE

QUESTION 1: 2016 OCT/ NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) In the diagram below, OABC is a rhombus. O is the centre of a circle through A, B
i
and C. ∠AOC= and OA =8cm. The diagonals OB and AC intersect at right angles
K

at P.
C

i
K
O B
P

8cm

Find
(i) the perimeter of the shaded region,
(ii) the area of the shaded region.
(b) The diagram below shows a rectangle ABCD. M is the midpoint of AB and AB = DC
= 20cm. The points E and F are on AD and BC respectively such that AE = BF =
7cm. EF is an arc of a circle centre M, such that angle EMF is j radians.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 9
 E
A D

M k 20cm

B C
7cm F

Find
(i) the value of j,
(ii) the perimeter of the shaded region,
(iii) the area of the shaded region.

QUESTION 2: 2017 JUL / AUG EXAMINATIONS

(a) In the diagram below, the ORQ is a sector of a circle with centre O and radius 12cm.
RP is a perpendicular to OQ at P and angle POR = 0.9 radians.

R 0.9 O
12cm
Find
(i) the perimeter of the shaded region,
(ii) the area of the shaded region.
(b) The diagram below shows a circle, centre O of radius 5cm. ACE is an isosceles
triangle such that an adjacent sides AC and CE are tangents to the circle at B and D
i
respectively. Angle ACE is radians.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 10
 A

B O

5cm

E
C
D
Find
(i) the perimeter of the shaded region,
(ii) the area of the shaded region.

QUESTION 3: 2017 OCT/ NOV EXAMAINATION

(a) In the diagram below OABC is a sector of a circle centre O, radius ( and AC =
7.2cm. OB bisects AC at D and BD = 1.2cm

O B 7.2cm
D 1.2cm

(
C
Find

(i) the value of (,

(ii) the perimeter of the sector.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 11
(b) The diagram below shows a rectangle ABCD. Equal arcs AY and CX are drawn
with radius 6cm and centres X and Y respectively. Angles AXY = XYC = 1.2cm
radians.

A X B
1.2

6cm

D 1.2
Y C

Find

(i) the perimeter of sector XAY,

(ii) the area of sector XAY,
(iii) the length of AB and of AD

QUESTION 4: 2018 JUL / AUG EXMAINATIONS

i
(a) In the diagram, OAB is a sector of a circle centre O and radius 6cm. Angle AOC =
l

radians and the length of arc BC is mcm.

i
l

6cm

B A
mcm
C

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 12
 Find
(i) the angle BOC,
(ii) the area of the shaded region.
(b) In the diagram below, ABO and ADO are sectors of circles with centres at A and O
respectively. The radius of both sectors is 8cm and triangle AOC is equilateral.

B D
C

A O
8cm
Find
(i) the perimeter of the shaded region,
(ii) the area of the shaded region.

QUESTION 5: 2018 JUL / AUG EXAMINATIONS

(a) In the diagram below, OBD is a sector of a circle with centre O and radius 9cm.
OACE is a square.

C A

9cm

D O
E

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 13
 Find
(i) the perimeter of the shaded region,
(ii) the area of the shaded region.
(b) In the diagram below, OAE is a sector of a circle with center O and radius 3.5cm.
i
Angle AOE = radians and OBCD is a rhombus touching the sector at P and Q.
K

Q
D C

E
P

i
K

O A B

Find
(i) the perimeter of the shaded region,
(ii) the area of the shaded region.

QUESTION 6: 2019 OCT/ NOV EXAMAINATIONS

In the diagram below, OABC is a sector of a circle with centre O, radius r and angle AOC =
j radians. The area of a sector is 30cm2 and arc ABC is 6cm.

O j B

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 14
 Find
(a) the value of (,
(b) the value of j.

QUESTION 7: 2019 JUL / NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) In the diagram below AOB is a sector of a circle centre O, radius 12cm and AB =
10cm. O

12cm

10cm
B A

Find
(i) angle AOB in radians,
(ii) the area of the shaded region.
(b) In the diagram below, XYCB is a trapezium XYC is a sector of a circle with centre
Y, radius 9m and angle , radius 9m and angle CYX = 0.6 radians. XZ is
perpendicular to CY and CZ = 1.5m.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 15
 Find
(i) the length of XZ,
(ii) the perimeter of the shaded region.
(iii) the area of the shaded region.

QUESTION 8: 2020 SPECIMEN

In the diagram below, OAB is a sector of a circle with centre O, radius 10cm and angle AOB
= 1.8 radians. A

10cm

O 1.8

B
Find

(a) the perimeter of the shaded region,

(b) the area of the shaded region.

TOPIC 5: TRIGONOMETRY

QUESTION 1: 2016 OCT / NOV EXAMINATIONS

nopq r/0
(a) Prove the identity ≡ tan j − cot j.
nop r stn r

(b) Find all angles between 0° and 360° which satisfy the equation |tan + 1| = 3.

QUESTION 2: 2017 JUL / NOV EXAMINATIONS

0/stnq r
(a) Prove the identity ≡ 1 − sin j.
nvsq r/0

(b) Find all angles between 0° and 360° which satisfy the equation |sin − 0.6| = 0.3.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 16
QUESTION 3: 2017 OCT / NOV EXAMINATIONS

nop r 0[stn r
(a) Prove the identity 0[stn r + nop r
≡ 2 cosec j.

(a) Find all the angles between 0° and 360° which satisfy the equation
|9 cos + 3| = 2.

QUESTION 4: 2018 JUL / AUG EXAMNATIONS

(a) Prove the identity 1 − tan j ≡ sec j − 2 tan j.

(b) On the same diagram, sketch the graph of A = |1 − sin 2 | and A = 2 for the domain
0≤ ≤ m. Hence state the number of solutions for |1 − sin 2 | = 2.

QUESTION 5: 2018 OCT/ NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) Prove the identity sec j cosec j − tan j ≡ cot j.

(b) Find all the angles between 0° and 360° which satisfy the equation
|0.4 − cos | = 0.35.

QUESTION 6: 2019 JUL / AUG EXAMINATIONS

(a) Prove the identity sinL θ sec j + sin j ≡ tan j.

K
(b) On the same diagram, sketch the graph of A = |2 cos − 1| and A = for the domain
K
0≤ ≤ 2m. Hence state the number of solutions for |2 cos − 1| = .

QUESTION 7: 2019 OCT / NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) Prove the identity )1 + sec j*)1 − cos j* ≡ sin j tan j

(b) Find all the angles between 0° and 360° which satisfy the equation
|5 sin j − 3| = 1.

QUESTION 8: 2020 SPECIMEN

(a) Prove the identity tan j + cot j = sec j cosec j.

(b) Find all the angles between 0° and 360° which satisfy the equation
|3 sin j − 1| = 2.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 17
 TOPIC 6: BINOMIAL THEOREM

QUESTION 1: 2016 OCT / NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) The first three terms in an expansion of )1 + *+ are 1 − 16 + 112 . Find the
values of and !.
(b) Given that the coefficients of K
in the expansion of )3 + Q *)1 − *x is zero, find
the value of Q.

QUESTION 2: 2017 JUL / NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) Given that 540 y

is the middle term in the expansion of ) + + *y
where is a real
number, find the value of and of !.
(b) Find the term in K
in the expansion of )1 + + *)1 − *Y .

QUESTION 3: 2017 OCT / NOV EXAMINATIONS

0 0z
(a) Find the 5th term in the expansion of , − . .
V

(b) Find the coefficient of in the expansion of )1 + *L )2 − *x .

QUESTION 4: 2018 JUL / AUG EXAMINATIONS

(a) In the expansion of )2 + e *J , where e is a constant, the coefficient of K

is 2 560.
Find the value of e.
(b) Find the first three terms in the expansion of )1 + 2 *)2 − *x in the ascending
powers of .

QUESTION 5: 2018 OCT/ NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) The coefficient of in the expansion of )2 + *J )3 + Q *K is 8 208, where Q is a

constant. Find the value of Q.
(b) In the expansion of )2 + e *+ where ! > 3, and e is a constant, the coefficients of
and K
are equal. Express e in terms of !.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 18
QUESTION 6: 2019 JUL AUG EXAMINATIONS

0 Y
(a) Find the middle term in the expansion of ,V − K. .
0
(b) Find the coefficient of in the expansion of , − . ) + 3*y .
K

QUESTION 7: 2019 OCT/ NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) Find the middle term in the expansion of )2 − 3 *Y , where is a constant.

(b) In the expansion of )1 + 3 *0J , the coefficient of K
is ( times the coefficient of .
Find the value of (.

QUESTION 8: 2020 SPECIMEN

0 0z
(a) Find the term independent of in the expansion of ,3 + V. .

(b) Find the coefficient of in term expansion of )1 + *x )1 − 2 *L .

TOPIC 7: VECTORS

QUESTION 1: 2016 OCT/NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) The straight lines { = )2| + }* + ~)| + }* and • = )5| + }* + €)2| − }*

intersects at the point P. Find the coordinates of P.
(b) The position vectors of the points A and B with respect to O are 4| − 3} and
– | + 2} respectively. Find the position vector of the point C such that •••••‚ •••••‚.
AC = 3AB

QUESTION 2: 2017 JUL / NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) The coordinates of the points of A and B are )−1, 4* and )2, 3* respectively. Find
(i) the magnitude of •••••‚
AB,
(ii) a vector equation of the line AB.
(b) Find the angle between the vectors 3| + 4} and 5| + 12}.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 19
QUESTION 3: 2017 OCT / NOV EXAMINAMTIONS

(a) The point )1, e* lies on the line with vector equation ( = )3| − 3}* + ^)| − 4}*.
Find the value of ƒ.
(b) In triangle OAB, p is the midpoint of AB and Q is the point on OP such
•••••‚ = 3OP
that OQ •••••‚. Given that OA
•••••‚ =a and OB
•••••‚ = b, find •••••‚
AQ in terms of a and b.

QUESTION 4: 2018 JUL / AUG EXAMINATION

(a) P and Q have position vectors 2^| − 2} and | + 4} respectively. Find the value of
•••••‚ and OQ
^ for which OP •••••‚ are perpendicular. Hence find PQ.
−3 1 0 2
The vector equations of two lines are r1 = , . + ~ , . and r2 = , . + € , .
2 4 −4 1
(b)

respectively. Find the coordinates of the points of the two lines.

QUESTION 5: 2018 OCT / NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) Find the unit vector in the direction of the line with vector equation
r = )5 + 2^*| + )7 − 5^*}.
(b) The points R, S, T, U have position vectors 2| + }, | − }, −| + 4} and Q| + 2}
respectively where Q is a constant.
(i) Find the gradient of RS.
(ii) Given that RS is perpendicular to TU, find the value of Q.
(c) The position vector r of a point on a straight line is given by r = 2| + 3} + ~)| − 4}*
where ~ a constant is.
(i) Find the position vector when ~ = 5.
(ii) The line with vector equation r intersects the line joining points with position
vectors 5| + 3} and | − 2} at point P. Find the position vector of P.

QUESTION 6: 2019 JUL / AUG EXAMINATIONS

(a) The position vector of A and B are 12| + 5} and 8| + 10} respectively. Find the
vector equation of the line passing though A and B.
(b) The coordinates of P and Q are )3, 4* and (5, 12* resppectively. Find the angle
POQ in degrees.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 20
QUESTION 7: 2019 OCT / NOV EXAMINATIONS

(a) A line L passes through the point A)−1, 3* and is in the direction of the vectors
2
PR = , .. Find the equation of the line L in the form + A+ =0
5
(b) The position vectors of points P and R are 2| + 4} and 10| − 4} respectively. A

point Q lies on PR and is such that •••••‚

PQ = •••••‚
0
PR. Find the position vector of Q.
L

(c) The position vectors of A and B are 4| + } and 2| + 2} respectively. Points C and
D are such that •••••‚
OC = •••••‚
AO and •••••‚
CD = •••••‚
AB.

2| + 2}
A
4| + }

Find

(i) the position vectors of C and of D,

(ii) the angle •••••‚
DB makes with the vector 2|

QUESTION 8: 2020 SPECIMEN

(a) A and B are points with position vectors 3 + ‰ and 10 + ‰ respectively. Find the
position vector of a point which divides •••••‚
AB in the ratio 3: 4.
(b) The position vectors of P and Q are + 2‰ and 3 + Š. Given that the angle between
p and q is 45, find two possible values of .

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 21
 TOPIC 8: CALCULUS

QUESTION 1: 2016 OCT/ NOV EXAMINATIONS

‹Œ
(a) Find an expression for of the equation A = )2 + *L , where and are real.
‹V

V K
(b) Two variables x and y are related by the equation A = , − 4. . Obtain an
‹Œ
expression for and find an approximate change in A as increases from 4 to 4.02.
‹V
i
(c) Evaluate z
sin • .
(d) The diagram below shows part of the curve A = 2 − intersecting the curve
A= − at O and A.
A

A= −

A=2 −

O 1

Find

(i) the coordinates of A,

(ii) the area of the shaded region.

QUESTION 2: 2017 JUL/ AUG EXAMINATIONS

Y ‹Œ
(a) The curve has the equation A = − . Find the value of for which ‹V = 1, > 0.
V[0
V[L
(b) Find the equation of the normal to the curve A = at the point where =4
V/
K
(c) Find the value of ! in z
) + ! *• = 27
(d) The diagram below shows the part if the curve A = − 10 + 27 intersecting the
curve A = − + 2 + 27 at A and B.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 22
 A

A
A= − 10 + 27
B

A=− + 2 + 27

Find
(i) the coordinates of B,
(ii) the area of the shaded region.

QUESTION 3: 2017 OCT / NOV EXAMINATIONS

‹Œ
(a) Given that A = √4 + 3 , find .
‹V
LV
(b) Two variables x and y are related by the equation A = V[0. Obtain an expression for
‹Œ
and find an approximate change in A as increases from 2 to 2.03.
‹V

(c) The gradient function of a curve passing through (0, 3) is given by 3 + 2 − 5.

Find the equation of the curve.
(d) The diagram below shows part of the curve A = 2 + 4 intersecting the curve
A = 1 + 10 − at P and Q.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 23
 A A=2 +4

Q A = 1 + 10 −

O
Find
(i) the coordinates of P and of Q,
(ii) the area of the shaded region.

QUESTION 4: 2018 JUL / AUG EXAMINATIONS

‹Œ LŽ
(a) Find an expression for of the equation A = where and are real.
‹V V/•

(b) Given that A = − + 1, find the change in A if increases from 2 to 2.03.

J
(c) Find V•
•

(d) The diagram below shows part of the curve A = 6 − intersecting a line A(2, 8)
and at B
A A (2, 8)

A=6 −

O B

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 24
 Find
(i) the equation of the line AB,
(ii) the area of the shaded region.

QUESTION 4: 2018 OCT / NOV EXAMINATION

‹Œ KV q
(a) Find an expression for of the equation A = − .
‹V V/L

(b) Find the equation of the normal to the curve A = 3 K

− at the point (2, 4).
•
(c) Given that z
)2 + 5*• = 14, > 0, find the value of .
(d) The diagram below shows the curve A = + 4 + 3 intersecting the x- axis at P and
Q. A

3
A= +4 +3

P Q O

Find
(i) find the coordinates of P and Q,
(ii) the area of the shaded region.

QUESTION 6: 2019 JUL / NOV EXAMINATIONS

‹Œ 0
(a) Find ‹V for the equation A = )yV[0*q .

(b) Two variables x and y are related by the equation A = ) + 1*) − 1*. Obtain an
‹Œ
expression for and find an approximate change in A as decreases from 1.05 to
‹V

1.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 25
(c) Find #, if ‘
)2 + 1* • = 19.5
(d) The diagram below shows part of the curve A = 9 − intersecting the curve
A= + 1 at A.

A= +1

A =9−

Find
(i) the coordinates of A,
(ii) the area of the shaded region.

QUESTION 7: 2019 OCT/ NOV EXAMINATIONS

KV/ ‹Œ ’
(a) A curve has the equation A = . Find the value of ℎ for which = )V/L*q .
V/L ‹V
V
(b) Find the x-coordinate of the point on the curve A = KV[ where the normal is parallel
to the line 4A = − + 24.
“
(c) Evaluate q
z
2 cos • .
(d) The diagram below shows part of the curve A = 8 − which meets the line
A = 4 + 3 at P and Q.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 26
 A =4 +3
Q A=8 −

Find

(i) the coordinates of P and Q,

(ii) the area of the shaded region.

QUESTION 8: 2020 SPECIMEN

‹Œ KV/J
(a) Find ‹V for the equation A = V q .
/LV

(b) Two variables x and y are related by the equation A = 2 − 3 . Obtain an

‹Œ
expression for and find an approximate change in A as increases from 6 to 6.02.
‹V
K
(c) Evaluate 0
)3 − 4*• .
(d) The diagram below shows part of the curve A = 3 + 2 − which meets a straight
line at B and R.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 27
 R
A=3+2 − 2

B
O

Find

(i) the coordinates of B,

(ii) the equation of BR,
(iii) the area of the shaded region.

THE END OF QUESTIONS

Why Should You Fail Mathematics When Success is Guaranteed

COMPILED AND SOLVED

BY
KACHAMA DICKSON.C: COPPERBELT − MUFULIRA
AND
MWANSA. E: WESTERN PROVINCE

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 28
 ANSWERS TO ALL THE QUESTIONS

TOPIC 1

QUESTION 1

(a) First find the coordinates of A and B

At A, A = 0 At B; =0
2(0) +3 = 12 2 + 3)0* = 12
3 = 12 2 = 12
=4 =6
Therefore the coordinates of A and B are )O, * and (0, 6) respectively
V” [Vq Œ” [Œq
M. P = , , .
L[z z[y
=, , .
4 6
=• , –
2 2
= ) , —* Ans
(b) (i) To find the equation of the line AB, we need to find the gradient of AD
Œ /Œ
#˜™ = Vq /V” A (−4, 4) and D (2, 8)
q ”

8−4
#˜™ =
2−)−4*
4 2
#˜™ = 6 = 3
Now since the line AB is perpendicular to AD, (ii) DC is parallel to AB, thus they have equal
K
then the gradient of AB is − gradients
A − A0 = #) − 0* this passes through A (−4, 4) A − A0 = #) − 0* this passes through D
K K
A−4=− − )−4* A − 8 = ) − 2*
K L
A − 4 = − ) + 4* A−8= K −K
K
A=− −6+4 3A − 24 = 2 − 4
K
A =− −2 3A = 2 − 4 + 24

= −— − O Ans — = + Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 29
 (iii) To find the coordinates of C, we equate the two equations BC and DC
4A = 7 − 8 also 3A = 2 + 20
x z x
A= −2 A= + A= −2
L K K L
x z x
L
−2=K + K
A = L )4* − 2
xV V z
− = + 2 A =7−2
L K K
0V/YV y
= A=5
0 y
0KV y
= ∴ the coordinates of C are (4, 5)
0 y

78 = 312
=4

QUESTION 2

(a) The equation parallel to 3 − 4A = 12 have equal gradients.

3 − 4A = 12 ∴ A − A1 = #) − 1*

K
−4A = −3 + 12 A − 5 = L ) − )−2**
K K Y
A = L −3 A−5=L +L
K
#=L 4A − 20 = 3 + 8

O =— + Ans
(b) (i) To find the coordinates of B we need to find the equation of the line AB using A
and the given gradient of AB.
A − A0 = #) − 0* Also 3A + 5 = 19
0
A − 4 = − J ) − )−3** 3A = −5 + 19
0 K J 0l
A = −J − J + 4 A = −K + K

1 17
A=− +
5 5
Equate the two equations we have
1 17 5 19
A=A⇒− + =− +
5 5 3 3
5 19 17
− + = −
5 3 3 5
/KV[ JV lJ/J0
=
0J 0J

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 30
 V LL 0 0x
= When = 2; A = − )2* +
0J 0J J J
0x
330 = 660 A=− +
J J
yyz 0J
= =2 A= =3
KKz J

∴ the coordinates of B are ) , —* Ans

(ii) To find the magnitude of AC, first find the coordinates of C by finding the equation
of the line AC using the gradient AC and point A that is
K K x J 0l K x
A−4=− − )−3* ∴ − + =− + A = − )5* +
L L L K K L L
K K J 0l x 0J x
A − 4 = − L ) + 3* −Lx + Kx = −L y=− +L
K L
K l /lV[ zV xy/ 0 Y
A = −L − L + 4 0
= 0
A = −L
K x 00V JJ
A = −L + L 0
=0 A = −2

132 = 660 ⇒ =5
And so the coordinates of C are )Ÿ, − *
| ¡| = ¢) − 0* + )A − A0 *

| ¡| = ¢)−3 − 5* + )4 − )−2* *

| ¡| = ¢)−8* + )6*
| ¡| = √100
|£¤| = units Ans

QUESTION 3

Œ /Œ
(a) #˜¥ = Vq/V” (2, 4) and B(1, 3) Note if two lines are perpendicular
q ”

K/L
#˜¥ =
then the product of their gradients
0/
is -1
0
#˜¥ = − 0

#˜¥ = −1
The equation perpendicular to AB has the gradient of −1, hence
A − A0 = −1) − 0*

A − 0 = − ) − 0*
= − or + = Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 31
(b) (i) Gradient of PQ
z/K
#¦§ =
0/z
K
#¦§ = −
0

#¦§ = −3
0
Now since PQ is perpendicular to, then the gradient of QR = and so the line of QR is
K

A − A0 = #§¨ ) − 0* use point Q(1, 0)

0
A − 0 − ) − 1* Also 7A = − + 21
K
0 0 0
A=K −K A = −x + 3

Equating the two equations we have

0 0 0 0
K
−K = −x +3 A = −x + 3
0 0 0 0
K
+x =3+K A = − x )7* + 3
xV[KV l[0
0
= K
A = −1 + 3
0zV 0z
0
= K
A=2

30 = 210 ∴ the coordinates of R are )©, *

=7
To find the coordinates of S, we need to find the equation of RS using the fact that RS
and PQ are parallel and so they have equal gradients: i.e #¦§ = #¨ª = −3
A − A0 = #¨ª ) − 0* use point R(7, 2)
A − 2 = −3) − 7*
A = −3 + 21 + 2
A = −3 + 23
0
Again the equation of PS is perpendicular to PQ, hence the gradient of PS is K through P
0
A − 3 = K ) − 0*
0
A=K +3
0
∴ K + 3 = −3 + 23
0
+ 3 = 23 − 3
K

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 32
 0zV 0
= 20 A= +3
K K
0
10 = 60 A = )6* + 3
K
yz
= =6 A=5
0z

∴ the coordinates of S are (6, 5) Ans

(ii) Area of Rectangle PQRS = length PQ × length QR

A = ¢)0 − 3* + )1 − 0* × ¢)2 − 0* + )7 − 1*

A = ¢)−3* + 1 × √2 + 6
A = √10 × √40
A = √10 × 40
A = √400
A = 20 units Ans

QUESTION 4

(a) Since the perpendicular bisector passes through the midpoint of AB, we need to find the
coordinates of the midpoint of AB and gradient of AB
V” [Vq Œ” [Œq
#. e = , , . and so the gradient of the bisector is 5
/L[y y[L
#. e = , , . A − A0 = #) − 0*

0z
#. e = , , . A − 5 = 5) − 1*

#. e = )1, 5* A−5=5 −5
Œ /Œ
#˜¥ = Vq/V” A = 5 −5+5
q ”

L/y
#˜¥ = y/)L* ∴ = Ÿ is the equation of the perpendicular bisector
/
#˜¥ =
0z
0
#˜¥ = − J

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 33
QUESTION 5

Since A(−8, −2), B(−2, ) and C(2, 8) lie on the same straight line, they are collinear,
and so have equal gradients.
Œq /Œ” •/)/ * •[
#˜¬ = #˜¥ = 1=
Vq /V” / /)/Y* y
Y/)/ * •[
#˜¬ = #˜¥ = +2=6
/)/Y* / [Y
0z •[
#˜¬ = #˜¥ = = 6−2
0z y

#˜¬ = 1 But #˜¥ = #˜¬ • = O Ans

QUESTION 6

(a) P(−8, 0) and Q(−2, 4) Find the gradient of the given line 2A + 8 = 3
V” [Vq Œ” [Œq
#. e = , , . 2A = 3 − 8
/Y[)/ * z[L —
#. e = , , . = −O
/0z L
#. e = , , . since the two lines are parallel, they have equal gradient

#. e = )−5, 2*
Therefore the equation of the line passes through (−5, 2) and parallel to 2A + 8 = 3 is
A − A0 = #) − 0*
K
A − 2 = ) − )−5**
K 0J
A−2= +

2A − 4 = 3 + 15
2A = 3 + 15 + 4
= — + Ÿ Ans
(b) (i) To find the coordinates of A, we need to find the coordinates of B,
A + 4 = 32 at B, A = 0 | | = ¢) − 0* + )A − A0 *

4 = 32 14 = ¢)− − 8* + )0 − 0*
K
= L
14 = ¢)− − 8*

=8 14 = − − 8
B(8, 0) and A)− , 0* = 8 − 14 = −6

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 34
 ∴ the coordinates of A are )−-, * Ans
(ii) To find the coordinates of C, we need to find the equation of the line AC. Since it is
parallel to the equation, they have equal gradient of K and passes through A.

A−0=K − )−12* A + 4 = 32

A = ) + 12* A = −4 + 32
K
V
A= +8
K
V
thus + 8 = −4 + 32 A = −4 + 32
K
V
+ 4 = 32 − 8 A = −4)6* + 32
K
0 V
K
= 24 A = −24 + 32

12 = 72 A=8
=6
∴ the coordinates of C are (6, 8) Ans

QUESTION 7

(a) First find the gradient of the line A(−1, 4) and B(5, 7)
Œ /Œ
#˜¥ = Vq/V”
q ”

x/L
#˜¥ =
J/)/0*
K
#˜¥ = y
0
#˜¥ =

Since the equation is parallel to the line joining AB, then they have equal gradients
A − A0 = #) − 0* P(3, 5)
0
A − 5 = ) − 3*
0 K
A= − +5
0 x
A= +

= + © Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 35
(b) (i) To find the coordinates of S, first find the coordinates of P and R.
At P; Replace by 0 in 7A = + 28
7A = 28
A = 4 and so the coordinates of P are (0, 4)
At R, Replace A by 0 in 3A = 4 − 8
−4 = −8
= 2 and so the coordinates of R are (2, 0)
Since QS is a perpendicular bisector of PR, then S is a midpoint of PR
V” [Vq Œ” [Œq
®=, , .
z[ z[L
®=, , .
L
®=, , .

® = )1, 2*
(ii) Area of ∆ƒ`¯ = 2 × Area of ∆®¯` where S(1, 2), N(5, 4) and R(2, 0)
0
Area of ∆®¯` = × |®¯| × |®`|
0
= × ¢)5 − 1* + )4 − 2* × ¢)2 − 1* + )0 − 2*
1
= × ¢4 + 2 × ¢1 + 2
2
1
= × √20 × √5
2
1
= × √20 × 5
2
0
= × √100
1
= × 10
2
=5
∴ £ °{ ± ∆²³´ = × Ÿ = 10 square units Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 36
QUESTION 8

(a) First find the gradient of the given line 5 − 2A − 11 = 0

5 − 2A − 11 = 0
− = −Ÿ +
Ÿ
= −
J
# = and so the line perpendicular to 5 − 2A − 11 = 0, has the gradient of − .
J

A − A0 = − ) − 0* it passes through ( 2, −3)

J

2
A − )−3* = − ) − 2*
5
A + 3 = − J ) − 2* Multiply by 5 throughout

5A + 15 = −2) − 2*
5A = 2 = 4 − 15
Ÿ = − Ans
Œ /Œ
(b) (i) #˜¥ = Vq /V” A(4, 1) and B(0, 5) ∴ A − A0 = #) − 0*
q ”

0/J
#˜¥ = L/z A − 5 = −1) − 0*
L
#˜¥ = − L A=− +5

#˜¥ = −1 + = Ÿ Ans
(ii) AD is perpendicular to AB and so it has the gradient of 1 and it passes through point
A(4, 1). Its equation is found by
A − A0 = #) − 0*

A − 1 = 1) − 4*
A= −4+1
= − — Ans
(iii) To find the coordinates of D, first find the equation of CD which is parallel to AB,
meaning have equal gradients with AB and passes through C.
A − A0 = #) − 0*

A − 5 = −1) − 4*
A=− +4+5

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 37
 A=− +9
Equating the equation of AD and CD, we can now find the coordinates of D as follows
−3=− +9
+ = 9+3
2 = 12
=6
A=− +9
A = −6 + 9
A=3
∴ the coordinates of D are (6, 3) Ans

TOPIC 2

QUESTION 1

(a) 2A − = 4, (b) A = −3 + 2Q + 2, A = +3 −5
A =4+3 . + 3 − 5 = −3 + 2Q + 2
− = 4 − 2A + 3 − 5 + 3 − 2Q − 2 = 0
= 2A − 4 + 6 − 2Q − 7
A =4+3 Since the line does not meet the curve, then
)2A − 4*A = 4 + 3)2A − 4* −4 <0
2A − 4A = 4 + 6A − 12 = 1, = 6 and = −2Q − 7
2A − 4A = 6A − 8 6 − 4)1*)−2Q − 7* < 0
2A − 4A − 6A + 8 = 0 36 + 8Q + 28 < 0
2A − 10A + 8 = 0 8Q + 64 < 0
2A − 2A − 8A + 8 = 0 8Q < −64
yL
(2A − 8*)A − 1* = 0 Q<−
Y

A = 1 "( 2A = 8 ¶ < −8
A = 1 "( A = 4
When A = 1
= 2)1* − 4
= −2

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 38
 When A = 4
A = 2)4* − 4
A=4
∴ =− , = and = O, =O

QUESTION 2

(a) − 2A = 1, A − 3 A + 8 = 0 (b) A − 2 = # and + A = −12

= 1 + 2A A =#+2 A = −12 −
0
A − 3A)1 + 2A* + 8 = 0 A=− −
V
0
A − 3A − 6A + 8 = 0 #+2 =− V
+ Multiply through by

A − 6A − 3A + 8 = 0 # +2 = −12 +
−5A − 3A + 8 = 0 2 + + # − 12 = 0
5A + 3A − 8 = 0 3 + # + 12 = 0
)5A + 8*)A − 1* = 0 Since the line is a tangent to the curve, then
5A = 8 "( A = 1 −4 =0
Y
A = − J "( A = 1 # − 4)3*)12* = 0
Y Y
For A = J, = 1 + 2 ,− J. # − 144 = 0
0y
= 1− J
# − 12 = 0
00
=− )# − 12*)# + 12* = 0
J

For A = 1; = 1 + 2)1* # − 12 = 0 "( # + 12 = 0

= 1+2 ·= ·=− Ans
=3

∴ =− , = − Ÿ and = —, = Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 39
QUESTION 3

(a) 3 = A + 7 and + A =A +1 (b) A = + Q and A = −2

A=3 −7 A=A
+ )3 − 7* − )3 − 7* − 1 = 0 −2 = +Q
+3 − 7 − )9 − 42 + 49* − 1 = 0 −2 − −Q =0
4 −7 −9 + 42 − 49 − 1 = 0 −3 −Q = 0
−5 + 35 − 50 = 0 Divide by -5 since the line is a tangent to the
− 7 + 10 = 0 curve, then −4 =0
) − 5*) − 2* = 0 )−3* − 4)1*)−Q* = 0
= 5 "( =2 9 + 4Q = 0
For = 5; A = 3)5* − 7 4Q = −9
¸
A = 15 − 7 ¶ = − O Ans

A=8
For = 2; A = 3)2* − 7
A = 6−7
A = −1
∴ = Ÿ, = and = , =−

QUESTION 4

(a) 2A = + 5, 4 +4 A+A =0 (b) R) * = 3 + 8 − 16

= 2A − 5 Domain: −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3
4 +4 A+A =0 R)−2* = 3)−2* + 8)−2* − 16
4)2A − 5* + 4A)2A − 5* + A = 0 = 12 − 16 − 16
4)4A − 20A + 25* + 8A − 20A + A = 0 = −20
16A − 80A + 100 + 8A − 20A + A = 0 R)−1* = −21
16A + 8A + A − 80A − 20A + 100 = 0 R)0* = −16
25A − 100A + 100 = 0 R)1* = −5
A − 4A + 4 = 0 R)2* = 12
)A − 2*)A − 2* = 0 R)3* = 35
A=2 ∴ the range is (−20, − , − -, 12, 35)

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 40
 = 2A − 5
= 2)2* − 5
= 4−5
= −1 ∴ =− , =

QUESTIUON 5
L
(a) 6A = + 2 and 3A = + 2
V
(b) A = Q + 6 and + A=9

= 6A − 2 A =9−
L l
3A = +2 A= −
yŒ/ V

3A)6A − 2* = 4 + 2)6A − 2* A=A

l
18A − 6A = 4 + 12A − 4 Q +6=V−

18A − 6A − 12A = 0 )Q + 6* = 9 −
18A − 18A = 0 Q +6 −9+ =0
18A)A − 1* = 0 Q + +6 −9=0
18A = 0 "( A − 1 = 0 )Q + 1* +6 −9=0
A = 0 "( A = 1 Since the line does not meet the curve
When A = 0 −4 <0
= 6)0* − 2 = −2 6 − 4)Q + 1*)−9* < 0
When A = 1, 36 − 4)−9Q − 9* < 0
= 6)1* − 2 36 + 36 + 36Q < 0
= 6−2= 4 72 + 36Q < 0
∴ =− , = and = O, = 36Q < −72
¶ < −2 Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 41
QUESTION 6

(a) + A = 1 and =A +3 (b) A= − 12 and A = +7 +Q

= 1−A +7 +Q = − 12
)1 − 1* = A + 3 +7 − + Q − 12 = 0
1 − 2A + A = A + 3 + 6 + Q − 12 = 0
−2A + A − A = 3 − 1 Since the line does touch the curve −4 <0
−2A = 2 6 − 4)1*)Q + 12* < 0
A = −1 36 − 4Q − 48 < 0
= 1−A −4Q − 12 < 0
= 1 − )−1* = 2 −4Q < 12
∴ = , = − Ans ¶ > −3 Ans

QUESTION 7

(a) 2A − = 1 and −A =1 (b) A = Q + 3 and 2 − A=

= 2A − 1 A=2 −1
Vq 0
)2A − 1* − A = 1 A= −V
V
Vq 0
4A − 4A + 1 − A = 1 −V =Q +3
V

4A − 5A + 1 − 1 = 0 2 −1=Q +3
4A − 5A = 0 2 −Q −3 −1=0
A)4A − 5* = 0 )2 − Q* −3 −1= 0
A = 0 or 4A − 5 = 0 Since the line intersects the curve at 2 points
A = 0 or 4A = 5 −4 > 0, = )2 − Q*, = −3, = −1
J
A = 0 or A = L )−3* − 4)2 − Q*)−1* > 0

For A = 0 9 − 4)−2 + Q* > 0

= 2)0* − 1 9 + 8 − 4Q >
= −1 17 − 4Q > 0
J
For A = L −4Q > −17
J ©
= 2 ,L. − 1 Q< O
Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 42
 J K
= −1=
— Ÿ
∴ =− , = and = , = Ans
O

QUESTION 8

(a) 2 + A = 7 and A − =4 (b) − 4 A + 1 = 0 and A = Q − 2

A = 7−2 +1=4 A
Vq 0
)7 − 2 * − =4 A= +
LV LV

7 −2 − =4 A=A
Vq 0
−3 +7 −4=0 + LV = Q − 2
LV

3 −7 +4=0 + 1 = 4 )Q − 2*
3 +3 +4 +4=0 + 1 = 4Q −8
)3 − 4*) − 1* = 0 − 4Q +8 +1=0
3 − 4 = 0 or −1=0 )1 − 4Q* +8 +1=0
L
= "( =1 Since the curve does not touch the curve
K

When = 1, −4 <0
A = 7 − 2)1* 8 − 4)1 − 4Q*)1* < 0
A=5 64 − 4 + 16Q < 0
L
When =K 60 + 16Q < 0
L
A = 7 − 2 ,K. 16Q < −60
Y yz
A = 7−K Q<− L
0K Ÿ
A= ¶<− Ans
K O
O —
∴ ) , Ÿ* and ,— , . Ans
—

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 43
TOPIC 3

QUESTION 1

KV/0 V[0
(a) R) * = (b) R /0 ) * =
K
KŽ/0
R) * = R /0 ) * = R) *
KŽ/0 J V[0 KV/0
= =
Y K

8)3 − 1* = 10 2)2 + 1* = 3)3 − 1*

24 − 8 = 10 4 +2=9 −3
24 = 10 + 8 4 − 9 = −3 − 2
24 = 18 −5 = −5
0Y
= L
= Ans
—
{ = O Ans

QUESTION 2

K
(a) R) * = V[0
and ]) * = 2 + 3 (b) ]) * = R) *
K
R]) * = R ]) * 2 +3=
V[0

R]) * = R)2 + 3* )2 + 3*)2 + 1* = 3

K
R]) * = ) V[K*[0
4 +2 +6 +3−3 =0
K
R]) * = LV[x 4 +8 =0
K
R])^* = L¹[x 4 ) + 2* = 0
K
=J 4 = 0 "( +2=0
L¹[x

2)4^ + 7* = 15 = = − Ans
8^ + 14 = 15
8^ = 15 − 14
8^ = 1

º = Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 44
QUESTION 3

V/0
(a) ]) * = K
(b) ] ) * = ]) *
LV/J V/0
] ) * = ] ]) * =
l K
V/0
] ) * = ], K
. 3)4 − 5* = 9)2 − 1*
q»¼”
, ./0
] ) *= ½
12 − 15 = 18 − 9
K
•»¼q¼½

] ) *= ½
−15 + 9 = 18 − 12
K
O /Ÿ
¾ ) *= Ans −6 = 6
¸

= − Ans

QUESTION 4

(a) R) * = + 3 and ]) * = 3 − 4 (b) R /0 ) * = −3

] ) * = ] ]) * ]R) * = ]) + 3*
] ) * = ])3 − 4* = 3) + 3* − 4
] ) * = 3)3 − 4* − 4 =3 +9−4
] ) * = 9 − 12 − 4 =3 +5
¾ ) * = ¸ − - Ans R /0 ) * = ]R) *
−3=3 +5
−3 − 5 = 3 −
−8 = 2
= −OAns

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 45
QUESTION 5

cV[L c)/0*[L / c[L d/L

(a) f: ⟶ (b) R)−2* = = R /0 )2* =
JV[d J)/ *[d /0z[d c/0z

R) * = A R)−2* = −1 R /0 )2* = 2
cV[L / c[L d/L
=A = −1 =2
JV[d /0z[d c/0z

e + 4 = 5 A + fA −2e + 4 = 10 − f 2e − 20 = 2f − 4
e − 5 A = fA − 4 f = 2e + 10 − 4 2e − 2f = −4 + 20
)e − 5A* = fA − 4 f = 2e + 6 2e − 2f = 16
dŒ/L
= c/JŒ 2e − 2)2e + 6* = 16 f = 2e + 6
¿ /O
±/ ) * = À/Ÿ 2e − 4e − 12 = 16 f = 2)−14* + 6

−2e = 16 + 12 f = −28 + 6
−2e = 28 ¿=−
À=− O

QUESTION 6

V
(a) R) * = e + f and ]) * = c + 1 (b) R)3* = 3e + f

RR) * = R R) * 3e + f = 11 e+f =5
RR) * = R)e + f* f = 11 − 3e e + 11 − 3e = 5
RR) * = e)e + f* + f R]) * = R ]) * −2e = 5 − 11
V
RR) * = e + ef + f R]) * = e ,c. + f −2e = −6
K
R])3* = e ,c + 1. + f À=—

8=3+e+f f = 11 − 3e
8−3=e+f f = 11 − 3)3*
¿= Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 46
QUESTION 7

gV[
(a) ℎ: ⟶ , (b) ℎ)−1* = 2 ℎ/0 )5* = 2
cV
g)/0*[
ℎ) * = A =2 =2
c)/0* c)J*/g
gV[ /g[
=A =2 2)5e − * = 2
cV /c

+2=e A − + 2 = −2e 10e − 2 = 2

2=e A− − = −2e − 2 10e − 2)2e + 2* = 2
e A− =2 = 2e + 2 10e − 4e − 4 = 2
)eA − * = 2 = 2)1* + 2 6e = 6
= = 2+2 À=
cŒ/g

∴ Á/ ) * = À Â=O ∴ Â = O and À =
/Â

QUESTION 8

0
(a) g: ⟶ V[0
and ℎ: ⟶ +3 (b) ℎ]) * = ℎ) *
yV[L
ℎ]) * = ℎ ]) * V[0
= +3

ℎ]) * = ℎ) + 3* )2 + 1*) + 3* = 6 + 4
0
ℎ]) * = +3 2 +6 + +3−6 −4 =0
V[0
0[K) V[0*
ℎ]) * = V[0
2 + −1=0
0[yV[K
ℎ]) * = ) + 1*)2 − 1* = 0
V[0
- [O
Á¾) * = Ans + 1 = 0 "( 2 − 1 = 0
[

=− = Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 47
TOPIC 4

QUESTION 1

(a) (i) Perimeter = AC + OB + Arc AB

Ã
We can find AC by cosine rule Arc = ×, ×
—
.
i Yi
)AC* = 8 + 8 − 2)8*)8* cos Arc =
K K
i
)AC* = 128 − 128 cos Arc = 8.37758041
K

)AC* = √192 Arc = 8.38cm

AC = 13.85640646
AC = 13.9 #
∴ Perimeter of the shaded region = 13.9 + 8 + 8.38 = — . cm Ans
(ii) Area of shaded region = area of shaded region of sector AOB
0
⇒ Area of shaded region of sector AOB = ( j
0 i
= ×8 ×K

= 33.51032164
= ——. ŸÄÅ Ans
(b) (i) E
A D
MF = ME
10 MF = 10 + 7
MF = √149
M k 20
MF = 12.20653562
MF = 12.2
10

B C
7cm F

By cosine rule
Ç q [Èq /‘q 0z .K
cos M = M = cos /0 ,− .
ÇÈ lx.yY

0 . q [0 . q / zq
cos M = )0 . *)0 . *
M = 1.921676841
0z .K
cos M = − ∴ k = . ¸ rad Ans
lx.yY

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 48
 (ii) Perimeter of the shaded region = Arc EF + ED + FC
Arc EF = (j = 12.2 × 1.92 = —. O cm
ED = FC = 12.2 − 7 = 5.2cm
∴ Perimeter = 5.2 + 5.2 + 23.324 = ——. OÄÅ
(iii) Area of the shaded region = Area of the rectang – ) area of sector + 2 × area ∆BMF*
0 0
= 12.2 × 20 − , × 12. 2 × 1.92 + 2 × × 7 × 10.

= 244 − )142.8864 + 70*

= 224 − 212.8864 + 70
= 31.1136
∴ the area of the shaded region = 31.1cm2

QUESTION 2

(a) (i) Perimeter of the shaded region = PR + PQ + Arc QR

→ Arc QR = (j = 12 × 0.9 = 10.8 #
ËÌ ÍË
→ sin 0.9 = 0
→ cos 0.9 = 0
PQ = ÎÏ − ΃

PR = 12 × sin 0.9 OP = 12 × cos 0.9 PQ = 12 − 7.46

PR = 9.399922916 OP = 7.459319619 PQ = 4.54cm
PR = 9.4cm OP = 7.46cm and so
∴ Perimeter of the shaded region = 9.4 + 4.54 + 10.8
= O. ©O·
(ii) Area of the shaded region = area of the sector – area of ∆POR
0 0
= ( j− ℎ
0 0
= × 12 × 0.9 − × 7.46 × 9

= 64.8 − 35.062
= 29.738cÅ Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 49
(b) (i) Perimeter of the shaded region = AB + BC + CD + Arc DBX
BC = CD = OD = OB = 5cm.
Arc DBX = (j
Ki
Arc DBX = 5 ×
L

Arc DBX = 11.78097245

= 11.8cm
A
X
Ò J
cos =
L ÍÓ
J
OA = Ô
stn
•
B Ki O
L OA = 7.071067512
5cm OA = 707cm
AX = OA − 5
AX 7.07 − 5 = 2.07cm
E
C
D
Perimeter = 5 + 5 + 5 + 2.07 + 11.8
= . ©cm
(ii) Area of the shaded region = ) A of ∆OAB + A of square OBCD) – sector BDX
Area of square OBCD = 5 × 5 = ŸÄÅ
0 Ki
Area of sector DBX = × 5 ×
L

= 29.45243113
= ¸. ŸÄÅ
0
Area of triangle OAB = × 5 × 5 = . ŸÄÅ

∴ Area of the shaded region = )25 + 12.5* − 29.5

= 37.5 − 29.5
= ÄÅ Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 50
QUESTION 3

(a) (i) A ( = )( − 1.2* + )3.6*

( = )( − 1.2*)( − 1.2* + 12.96
( = ( − 2.4( + 1.44 + 12.96
( 3.6cm ( − ( + 2.4( = 14.4
2.4( = 14.4
0L.L
(=
.L
O D
(( − 1.2* # Ø = -ÄÅ Ans
First we find angle AOD
K.y
sin θ = y
Angle AOC = 2 × ∠AOD
K.y
θ = sin/0 , y . = 2 × 0.643501108

θ = 0.643501108 = 1.28700218
∴ ÎÕ = 0.64 rad = 1.29 rad
Perimeter = OA + OC + Arc ABC
Arc ABC = (j = 6 × 1.29 = 7.74cm
∴ Ö×Ø|Å×Ù×Ø = - + - + ©. ©O
= ¸. ©OÄÅ Ans
0
(b) (i) Perimeter = XY + AY + Arc XAY (ii) Area of sector XAY = ( j
0
Arc XAY = (j = 6 × 1.2 = 7.2cm = × 6 × 1.2

Perimeter = 6 + 6 + 7.2 = . -ÄÅ Ans

= ¸. ÄÅ Ans
(iii)

A X B
1.2

6cm

D 1.2
Y K C

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 51
 ÜÝ ˜™
cos 1.2 = sin 1.2 =
y y

YK = 2.174146527 AD = 6 × sin 1.2

XB = 6 − 2.174146527 AD = 5.592234516
XB = 3.825853473 AD = Ÿ. Ÿ¸ÄÅ
AB = AX +XB
AB = 6 + 3.825853473
AB = 9.825853473
AB = ¸. —ÄÅ

QUESTION 4

(a) (i) Arc BC = (j

m = 6j
Ã
k= radians
-

(ii) Area of the shaded region = area of the sector – area of the triangle
0 0
= ( j − ( sin j
0 xi 0 xi
= × 6 × 0Y − × 6 sin 0Y

= 21.99114858 − 16.91446917
= 5.076681406
= Ÿ. ©ÄÅ
(b) (i) Perimeter = Arc OCB + Arc ACD + AB + OD
i
Arc OCD = (j = 8 × = 12.56637061 = . -ÄÅ

Arc ACD = Arc OCD = 12.6cm

∴ Perimeter = 12.7 + 12.7 + 8 + 8
= O . OÄÅ
(ii) To find the area of the shaded region, we find the following
0
→Area of triangle ACO = sin O
0 i
= × 8 × 8 × sin K

= 27.71281292
= ©. ©Â·

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 52
 0
→ Area of the sector = ( j
0 i
= ×8 ×
K

= 33.51032164
= ——. ŸÄÅ
→ Area of the segment = 33.5 − 27.7 = 5.8cm
→ Area of the unshaded = 5.8 + 5.8 + 27.7 = —¸. —ÄÅ
0 i
→ Area of the sector ABO = × 8 ×

= 50.26548246
= Ÿ . —ÄÅ
→ Area of shaded part of sector ABO = 50.3 − 39.3 = ÄÅ
∴ the area of the shaded region = × = ÄÅ Ans

QUESTION 5

(a) (i) Perimeter of the shaded region = ED + AB + AC + EC + ArcBCD

OD = OB = OC = 9cm
B
We find OE using cosine ratio
Ò Íß
cos L =
l
Ò
OE = 9 × cos L
C A
OE = 6.363961031
OE = 6.36cm
ED = 9− 6.36 9cm
ED = 2.64cm

i
D L
O
E

AB = ED = 2.64cm and EC = CA = OE = 6.63cm

i
Arc BCD = (j = 9 ×

= 14.13716694cm
= 14.14 #

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 53
 ∴ the perimeter of th3e shaded region = . -O + . -O + O. O + -. —- + -. —-
= — . OÄÅ
(ii) Area of the shaded region = Aarea of the sector OBCD – Area of the sqaure
0
= ( j−$
0 i
= × 9 × − )6.36*

= 63.61725124 − 40.4496
= 23.16765124
= —. ÄÅ Ans
(b) (i) Q
D C

i
K

O A B

i i
Note that angle BOP = ÷4= and OA = OE = 3.5cm
K y

Perimeter of the shaded region = +áM + Mâ + âã + ãN + Arc APQE

→Arc APQE = (j P i K.J
→ cos y = Íä
i
= 3.5 ×
K K.J
OB = “
stn
= 7.330382858 i å

y
= 7.33cm
O OB = 4.04151884
A B

AB = OB – OA = 4.04 − 3.5 = . ŸOcm

OB = 4.04cm

ED = AB = 0.54cm and OB = DC = BC = 4.04cm

∴ Perimeter of the shaded region = 0.54 + 0.54 + 4.04 + 4.04 + 7.33
= -. O¸ÄÅ
Ò äË
(ii) sin y = L.zL
Ò
BP = sin y × 4.04

BP = 2.02cm

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 54
 ∴ the area of the shaded region = O) Area of triangle OPB – Area of sector OPA *
0 0 i
= 4 , × 2.02 × 3.5 − × 3.5 × .
y

= 4)0.329757499*
= 1.311829998
= . — ÄÅ Ans

QUESTION 6

0
(a) Area of the sector = ( j Arc length = (j
0
60 = ( j 6 = (j
y
( j = 60 ……….. (i) j = 2 …………(ii)

Solving (i) and (ii) simultaneously we have

( j = 60
y
( ,2 . = 60

6( = 60
( = 10
y y
(b) j = 2 = 0z = 0.6 rads

QUESTION 7
(a) (i) Using cosine rule O Alternatively
Žq [• q /æq J
cos Î = Ž•
j sin j = 0
0 q [0 q /0zq J
cos j = j = sin/0 , .
12
)0 *)0 *
12
0
0YY
cos j = j = 0.4297754313
YY

j = cos /0 ,
0YY
. A B ç B = 2 × 0.4297754313
AO
YY

j = 0.8595508626
5cm ç B = 0.8595508626
AO
ç B= k =. -Rads
∴ Nè ç B= k =. -Rads
Nè
0 0
(ii) Area of shaded region = ( j − ( sin j
0 0
= × )12* × 0.86 − × )12* × sin 0.86

= 61.92 − 54.56466453

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 55
 = 7.355335472
∴ Area of shaded region= ©. —OÂÅ

éê
(b) (i) sin θ = (ii) Perimeter = XB + BC + Arc CX
éÜ
éê
sin 0.6 = Arc CX = (j = 9 × 0.6 = 5.4cm
l

XZ = 9 sin 0.6 = 9 × 0.6 = 5.4cm

XZ = 5.081782261 Perimeter = 1.5 + 5.1 + 5.4
XZ = Ÿ. ÄÅ = ÄÅ
(iii) Area of the shaded region = Area of the trapezium – Area of sector XYC

= ){ + •*Á − k
0 0
= )1.5 + 9*5.1 − × 9 × 0.6

= -. ©©Ÿ − O. —
= . O©ŸÄÅ

QUESTION 8

0 0
(a) Perimeter = AB + Arc AB (b) Area of the shaded region = ( j − ( sin j
0 0
Arc AB = (j = × 10 × 1.8 − × 10 sin 1.8

= 10 × 1.8 = 90 − 48.69238154
= 18 # = 41.30761846
" = + −2 cos O = O . —ÄÅ
" = 10 + 10 − 2)10*)10* cos 1.8
" = 200 − 2000 cos 1.8
" = 245.4404189
" = √245.4404189
" = 15.66653819
AB = 15.7cm
∴ Perimeter = + Ÿ. © = ——. ©ÄÅ

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 56
TOPIC 5

QUESTION 1

nopq r/0
(a) ≡ tan j − cot j (b) |tan + 1| = 3
nop r stn r

Start with the R.H.S tan + 1 = 3 tan + 1 = −3

tan j − cot j tan =3−1 tan = −3 − 1
nop r stn r
stn r
− nop r tan =2 tan = −4
nopq r/stnq r
stn r nop r
= tan/0 2 tan/0 )− 4*
nopq r/)0/nopq r*
stn r nop r
= 63.4° = −76.0°
nopq r/0[nopq r
stn r nop r
= 180 + 63.4 = 243.6° = 180 − 76 = 104°
ì|í k/
Äîì k ì|í k
= L.H.S = 360° − 76° = 284°

∴ = -—. O°, O°, O—. -° and O° Ans

QUESTION 2

0/stnq r
(a) ≡ 1 − sin j (b) |sin − 0.6| = 0.3
nvsq r/0

Starting with the L.H.S sin − 0.6 = 0.3 and sin − 0.6 = −0.3
0/stnq r
nvsq r/0
sin = 0.3 + 0.6 sin = −0.3 + 0.6
nopq r
ïðpq r
sin = 0.9 sin = 0.3

sin j ÷ tan j = sin/0)0.9* = sin/0)0.3*

nopq r
sin j ÷ stnq r = 64.2° = 17.5
stnq r
sin j × nopq r = 180° − 64.2° = 180° − 17.5°

cos j = 115.8° = 162.5°

− ì|í k = R.H.S ∴ = ©. Ÿ°, -O. °, Ÿ. ° and - . Ÿ°

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 57
QUESTION 3

nop r 0[stn r
(b) 0[stn r
+ nop r
≡ 2 cosec j (b) |9 cos + 3| = 2.

Starting from the L.H.S 9 cos + 3 = 2 and 9 cos + 3 = 2

nop r 0[stn r
+ 9 cos =2−3 9 cos = −2 − 3
0[stn r nop r
nopq r[)0[stn r*)0[stn r*
)0[stn r*)nop r*
9 cos = −1 9 cos = −5
nopq r[0[ stn r[stnq r 0 J
)0[stn r*)nop r*
cos =− cos =−
l l

nopq r[stnq r[0[ stn r 0 J

)0[stn r*)nop r*
= cos /0 ,− l. = cos /0 ,− l.
0[0[ stn r
)0[stn r*)nop r*
= 96.4° = 123.7°
[ stn r
)0[stn r*)nop r*
= 180 − 96.4° and = 180° − 123.7°
)0[stn r*
)0[stn r*)nop r*
= 83.6° = 56.3°
0
nop r
= 2 × nop r = 360 − 96.4° = 360° − 123.7°

2 cosec j = R.H.S = 263.6° = 236.3°

∴ = Ÿ-. —°, —. -°, —-. —°, -—. -°

QUESTION 4

(a) 1 − tan j ≡ sec j − 2 tan j. (b) A = |1 − sin 2 |

Starting from R.H.S
0 m m
sec j − 2 tan j 2
A 1 1 1
0 nopq r
− 2 stnq r
stnq r
0/ nopq r
2 A=2
stnq r
stnq r[nopq r/ nopq r
1
stnq r
stnq r/nopq r
stnq r
0 i
m
stnq r nopq r
− stnq r -1
stnq r

− Ùñí k = L.H.S The equation has no solutions

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 58
QUESTION 5

(a) sec j cosec j − tan j ≡ cot j (b) |0.4 − cos | = 0.35.

Starting from L.H.S 0.4 − cos = 0.35 and 0.4 − cos = −0.35
sec j cosec j − tan j 0.4 − 0.35 = cos 0.4 + 0.35 = cos
0 0 nop r
× − cos = 0.05 cos = 0.75
stn r nop r stn r
0 nop r
− = cos /0 )0.05* = cos /0 )0.75*
stn r nop r stn r
0/nopq r
= 87.1° = 41.4°
stn r nop r
stnq r
= 360° − 87.1° = 360° − 41.4°
stn r nop r
stn r stn r
stn r
× nop r = 272.9° = 318.6°

1 × cot j = O . O°, ©. °, — . -° and © . ¸° Ans

ÄîÙ k = R.H.S Ans

QUESTION 6

(a) sinL θ sec j + sin j ≡ tan j (b) A = |2 cos − 1|

m m 3m
Starting with the L.H.S
2m
sin θ sec j + sin j
0
L
2 2
0 A
sinL θ × stnq ò + sin j 1 1 3 1 1
nopq r
sin j × stnq ò + sin j 3

sin j tan j + sin j 2

sin j )tan j + 1* 1
sin j sec j 0 i Ki
0
m 2m
sin j × stnq ò −1
nopq r
−2
stnq r

tan j = R.H.S −3
K
The intersection of the graph and A = gives
K
two solutions to |2 cos − 1| = .

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 59
QUESTION 7

(a) )1 + sec j*)1 − cos j* ≡ sin j tan j (b) |5 sin j − 3| = 1

Starting from the L.H.S 5 sin j − 3 = 1 and 5 sin j − 3 = −1
)1 + sec j*)1 − cos j* 5 sin j = 1 + 3 5 sin j = −1 + 3
1 − cos j + sec j − sec j cos j 5 sin j = 4 5 sin j = 2
0 0 L
1 − cos j + − cos j sin j = sin j =
stn r stn r J J
0
1 − cos j + −1 sin j = 0.8 sin j = 0.4
stn r
0
− cos j + j = sin/0 0.8 j = sin/0)0.4*
stn r
/ stnq r[0
stn r
j = 53.1° j = 23.6°
0[stnq r
stn r
j = 180° − 53.1° j = 180° − 23.6°
nopq r
j = 126.9° j = 156.4°
stn r
nop r
sin j × stn r ∴ k = —. -, Ÿ—. , -. ¸° and Ÿ-. O° Ans

ì|í k Ùñí k = R.H.S

QUESTION 8

(a) tan j + cot j = sec j cosec j (b) |3 sin j − 1| = 2.

Starting from L.H.S 3 sin j − 1 = 2 and 3 sin j − 1 = −2
tan j + cot j 3 sin j = 2 + 1 3 sin j = −2 + 1
nop r stn r K 0
+ nop r sin j = K sin j = − K
stn r
nopq r[stnq r 0
stn rnop r
j = sin/0 1 j = sin/0 ,− K.
0
stn rnop r
j = 90° j = −19.5

× nop ò j = 180° − 90° j = 180° + 19.5° = 199.5°

stn r

ì×Ä k Äîì×Ä k = R.H.S j = 360° − 19.5 = 340.5°

∴ k = ¸ , ¸¸. Ÿ° and —O °

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 60
TOPIC 6

QUESTION 1

+)+/0*
(a) )1 + *+ = )1*+ + !) *+ ) * +⋯
!
ó /ó
= + ó{ + { +⋯
Žq +q /Žq +
=1+! + +⋯
Žq +q /Žq +
1+! + + ⋯ = 1 − 16 + 112 equating the coefficients we have
Žq +q /Žq +
= 112 and ! = −16
0y
! − ! = 224 =−
+
0y
)! − !* = 224 =− Y

0y
,− . )! − !* = 224 = −2
+

256
)! − !* = 224
!
Jy
256 − = 224 (Multiply through by !*
+

256! − 256 = 224!

256! − 224! = 256 ∴ { = − and ó = Ans
32! = 256 (Divide by 32 on both sides)
!=8
(b) )3 + Q *)1 − *x . First we need to expand)1 − *x up to the fourth term

)1 − *x = ,7. )1*x + ,7. )1*y )− * + ,7. )1*J )− * + ,7. )1*L )− *K + ⋯

0 1 2 3
)1 − *x = 1 − 7 + 21 − 35 K
+⋯
)3 + Q *)1 − *x = )3 + Q *)1 − 7 + 21 − 35 K
+⋯*
= 3 − 21 − 105 K
+ Q − 7Q + 21Q K

K
Now the coefficient of is zero, thus
−105 K
+ 21Q K
=0
−105 + 21Q = 0
21Q = 105 ⟹ ¶ = Ÿ Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 61
QUESTION 2

(a) ) + + *y

+[ y[ Y
¯ ¹’ = = = = 4 and so, the middle term is the 4th term

( =¯−1=4−1=3
!
, . +/0 2 . Here ! = 6, ( = 3, = = +
(
and
6
, . y/K ) + *K = 540 y
3
20 K K+
= 540 y

20 K
= 540 and K+
= y

JLz
K
= z
3! = 6
K
= 27 !=2

= √27 = 3 ∴ { = — and ó =
½

(b) )1 + + *)1 − *Y . We need to expand )1 − *Y first up to the fourth term

8 8
)1 − *Y = , . )1*Y + ,8. )1*x )− * + ,8. )1*y )− * + , . )1*J )− *K + ⋯
0 1 2 3
)1 − *Y = 1 − 8 + 28 − 56 K
+⋯
)1 + + *)1 − *Y = )1 + + *)1 − 8 + 28 − 56 K
+ ⋯*
)1 + + *)1 − *Y = 1 − 8 + 28 − 56 K
+ −8 + 28 K
+ −8 K

)1 + + *)1 − *Y = 1 − 8 + + 28 −8 + − 56 K
+ 28 K
−8 K

)1 + + *)1 − *Y = 1 − 7 + 21 − 36 K

∴ the coefficient of —
in ) + + *) − * is – —- Ans

QUESTION 3

! 0
(a) , . +/0 2
for the 5th term, ( = 4 and so ! = 10, = =−
(
and
V

10 ) *0z/L ,−
0 L
, . .
4 V
0
210) *y , .
0yV •
0 Ÿ
210 0
× 0yV • = Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 62
(b) )1 + *L )2 − *x . First we need to expand both )1 + *L and )2 − *x up to 3rd term
4 4 4
)1 + *L = , . )1*L + , . )1*K ) * + , . )1* ) * + ⋯
0 1 2
= 1+4 +6 +⋯
7 7 7
)2 − *x = , . )2*x + , . )2*y )− * + , . )2*J )− * + ⋯
0 1 2
= 128 − 448 + 672 +⋯
)1 + *L )2 − *x = )1 − 4 + 6 + ⋯ *)128 − 448 + 672 +⋯*
)1 + *L )2 − *x = 128 − 448 + 672 + 512 − 1792 + 768 +⋯
)1 + *L )2 − *x = 672 − 1792 + 768 +⋯
= −352
∴ the coefficient of in the expansion of ) + *O ) − *© is – —Ÿ Ans

QUESTION 3

5 5 5 5
(a) )2 + e *J = , . )2*J + , . )2*L )e * + , . )2*K )e * + , . )2* )e *K + ⋯
0 1 2 3
)2 + e *J = 32 + 120e + 80e + 40eK K
+⋯
40eK = 2560
Jyz
eK =
Lz

e = 64
K

e = √64
½

À = O Ans
(b) )1 + 2 *)2 − *x . We expand )2 − *x first

)2 − *x = ,7. )2*x + ,7. )2*y )− * + ,7. )2*J )− * + ⋯

0 1 2
)2 − *x = 128 − 448 + 672 +⋯
)1 + 2 *)2 − *x = )1 + 2 *)128 − 448 + 672 +⋯*
= 128 − 448 + 672 + 256 − 896 +⋯
= 128 − 448 + 256 + 672 − 896
= − ¸ − O + ⋯ Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 63
QUESTION 5

(a) )2 + *J )3 + Q *K , we need to expand each of these up to the second term

)2 + *J = ,5. )2*J + ,5. )2*L ) * + ⋯

0 1
= 32 + 80 + ⋯

)3 + Q *K = ,3. )3*K + ,3. )3* )Q + ⋯ *

0 1
= 27 + 27Q + ⋯
)2 + *J )3 + Q *K = )32 + 80 + ⋯ *)27 + 27Q + ⋯ *
= 864 + 864Q + 2160 + 2160Q +⋯
= 864 + )864Q + 2160* + 2160 +⋯
864Q + 2160 = 8208
864Q = 8208 − 2160
864Q = 6048
6048
Q=
864
¶=©
+)+/0* +)+/0*)+/ * +/K
(b) )2 + e *+ = 2+ + !)2*+/0 )e * + )2*+/ )e * + 2 )e *K + ⋯
! K!
+q /+ +q /+)+/ *
)2 + e *+ = 2! + !2+/0 e + 2+/0 × e + 2+/0 × eK K
y

Now the coefficient of = K

+q /+ +q /+)+/ *
2+/ × e = 2+/K × y
eK K
Divide by e)! − !* both sides we have
õ¼q õ¼½ )+/ *
= e
y

2 × 2+/K )! − 2*e = 6 × 2+/

2+/K[0 )! − 2*e = 6 × 2+/
2+/ )! − 2*e = 6 × 2+/
y× õ¼q
e= õ¼q )+/ *
-
À = ó/ as required Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 64
QUESTION 6

0 Y
(a) ,V − K.
+[ Y[ 0z
¯ ¹’ = = = = 5 and so, the middle term is the 5th term

( =¯−1=5−1=4
! 0
, . +/0 2 . Here ! = 8, ( = 4, = and =−
( V K
Y/L
8 2 1 L
, .• – •− –
4 3
L
2 1
70 • – ×
3L
xz×`0y 0
V•
× Y0
/O
Ans
0
(b) , − . ) + 3*y . We need to expand ) + 3*y first.
K

) + 3*y = ,6.
6
y 6
+, . J )3* 6
+, . L )3*
+, . K )3*K 6
+, . )3*L + ,6. )3*J
0 1 2 3 4 5
6
+ , . )3*y
6
= ⋯ + 1215 + 1458 + 729
1 1
• − – ) + 3*y = • − – )1215 + 1458 + 729*
3 3
= 1458 + 729 − 405 − 486 − 243
= 729 − 486 + 1458 − 405 − 243
= −243 + 243 + 1053

∴ the coefficient of in the expansion of , − —. ) + —*- is 1053.

QUESTION 7

(a) )2 − 3 *Y
+[ Y[ 0z
¯ ¹’ = = = = 5 and so, the middle term is the 5th term

( =¯−1=5−1=4
!
, . +/0 2 . Here ! = 8, ( = 4, = 2 and = −3
(

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 65
 8
, . )2 *Y/L )−3 *L
4
70)2 *L × 81 L

70 × 16 L
× 81 L

¸ © {O O
Ans
15 15 15 15
(b) )1 + 3 *0J = , . )1*0J + , . )1*0L )3 * + , . )1*0K )3 * + , . )1*0 )3 *K
0 1 2 3
= 1 + 45 + 945 + 12285 K
+⋯
The coefficient of K
= ( × the coefficient of
12285 = 945(
0 YJ
(= lLJ

= —Ans

QUESTION 8

0 0z !
(a) ,3 + V. = , . +/0 2
(
10 0 2
= , . )3 *0z/2 , .
( V

=, .— / /
× /

10
0z/2
× /2
=0 , .— / /
× /
=, . × 30z/J × 0z/J
× /J
5

10 − ( − ( = 0 = 252 × 3J × J
× /J

10 − 2( = 0 = 252 × 243 × 1
10 = 2( = 61236 Ans
(=5
(b) )1 + *x )1 − 2 *L
)1 + *x = 1 + 7 + 21 +⋯
)1 − 2 *L = 1 − 8 + 24 +⋯
)1 + *x )1 − 2 *L = )1 + 7 + 21 + ⋯ *)1 − 8 + 24 +⋯*
= 1 − 8 + 24 + 7 − 56 + 21 +⋯
= 1 − 8 + 7 + 24 − 56 + 21

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 66
 =1− − 11
∴ the coefficient of in the expansion of ) + *© ) − *O is − .

TOPIC 7

QUESTION 1

(a) { = )2| + }* + ~)| + }* and • = )5| + }* + €)2| − }*

Since they intersect, this implies that { = •
2 1 5 2
, .+~, . = , .+€, .
1 1 1 −1
2 + ~ = 5 + 2€
1+~ =1−€
~ − 2€ = 3 ……….. (i)
~ + € = 0 …………(ii)
Solving the two equations simultaneously yields ~ = 1 and € = −1. Substitute these
values in either of the lines we have
2 1 2 1 3
, . + ~, . = , . + 1, . = , .
1 1 1 1 2
∴ the coordinates of P are )—, * Ans
(b) •••••‚ •••••‚
AC = 3AB
•••••‚
OC − OA•••••‚ = 3 •••••‚
OB − OA•••••‚

•••••‚ 4 −1 4
OC − , . = 3 , . − , . ∴ the position vector of C is − i+
−3 2 −3
j Ans

•••••‚ −5 4
OC = 3 , . + , .
5 −3
•••••‚ −15 4 −11
OC = , .+, .= , .
15 −3 12

QUESTION 2

(a) (i) A)−1, 4* and B )2, 3* (ii) æ = 〈−1, 4〉 = − + 4‰

•••••‚ù = ¢)
ùAB − 0* + )A − A0 * •••••‚
AB = OB•••••‚ − OA
•••••‚

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 67
 •••••‚ù = ú 2 − )−1* 2 −1 3
ùAB + )3 − 4* =, .−, .=, .=3 −‰
3 4 −1
•••••‚ù = √3 + 1
ùAB (= æ + •••••‚
AB
•••••‚ù = √
ùNã units = )−û + OŠ* + º)—û − Š* Ans
(b) Let = 3| + 4} and = 5| + 12}
Ž.•
cos j = ‖Ž‖‖•‖ where . = 〈3, 4〉〈5, 12〉 = 3 × 5 + 4 × 12 = 15 + 48 = 63
yK
cos j = ‖ ‖ = √3 + 4 = √9 + 16 = √25 = 5
J×0K
yK
cos j = ‖ ‖ = √5 + 12 = √25 + 144 = √169 = 13
yJ
yK
θ = cos /0 ,yJ.

j = 14.3°
∴ the angle between the two vectors is O. —°.

QUESTION 3

(a) ( = )3| − 3}* + ^)| − 4}* (b) B

3 1
(=, .+^, .
−3 −4 b
P
3 1 1
, .+^, . = • –
−3 −4 e
Q

3 + ^ = 1 and O A
•••••‚ •••••‚ − OA
•••••‚ = b−a •••••‚ •••••‚
a
−3 − 4^ = e AB = OB OQ = 3OP
^ =1−3 •••••‚
OP = OA•••••‚ + AP
•••••‚ •••••‚ 0 0
OQ = 3) a + b*

^ = −2 •••••‚ 0
OP = a + )b−a) •••••‚ K
OQ = a+ b
K

−3 − 4)−2* = e •••••‚ =
OP −
0
+
0

−3 + 8 = e •••••‚ = 0 a + 0b
OP

À = Ÿ Ans ∴ •••••‚
AQ = •••••‚ •••••‚
AO + OQ
•••••‚ K K
AQ = −{ + a+ b

••••••‚ —
Ný = { + • Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 68
QUESTION 4

•••••‚ and OQ
(a) OP •••••‚ are perpendicular, then the dot product of the two vectors is zero,i.e
•••••‚ . OQ
OP •••••‚ = 0 •••••‚ = OQ
PQ •••••‚ − OP
•••••‚

)2^i − 2j *. )i + 4j * = 0 1 8
=, .−, .
4 −2
−7
2^ ) + 4 * − 2‰) + 4‰* = 0 =, .
6
2^ + 0 − 0 − 8 = 0 •••••‚
Öý = −©| + -} Ans
2^ = 8
^ = 4 and so P = )2)4* − 2‰* = )8 − 2‰
−3 1 0 2
(b) r1 = , . + ~ , . and r2 = , . + € , .
2 4 −4 1
Since they intersect, then r1 = r2
−3 1 0 2
, .+~, . = , .+€, .
2 4 −4 1
−3 + ~ = 0 + 2€ ⇒ ~ − 2€ = 3 ……….…(i)
2 + 4~ = −4 + € ⇒ 4~ − € = −6 ………….(ii)
0Y 0J
Solving (i) and (ii) we have € = − x
and ~ = − x
and substituting these values in either

lines, we have
−3 1 −3 15 1
, .+~, . = , .− , .
2 4 2 7 4
0J
−3
=, .− x
2 yz
x

15
−3 −
= 7
60
2−
7
Ky
−
= x
Ly
−
x

—- O-
∴ the coordinates of intersection are ,− ©
,− ©
. Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 69
QUESTION 5

(a) r = )5 + 2^*| + )7 − 5^*} ∴ the direction vector is = 2| − 5}

r = )5| + 2^|* + )7} − 5^}* |(| = ¢2 + )−5*

r = )5| + 7}* + )2^| − 5^}* = √4 + 25
r = )5| + 7}* + ^)2| − 5}* = √29

∴ = ) | − Ÿ}*
√ ¸

(b) (i) Gradient of RS, R(2, 1) and S(1, −1)

Œq /Œ” /0/0
#= = =− =2
Vq /V” 0/ /0

(ii) Since RS is perpendicular to TU, then by dot product, ••••‚ TU = 0

RS. •••••‚
〈1, 2〉. 〈Q + 1, −2〉 = 0
Q+1−4=0
Q−3=0
¶ = — Ans
(c) (i) r = 2| + 3} + ~)| − 4}* Now ~ = 5
r = 2| + 3} + 5)| − 4}*
r = 2| + 3} + 5| − 20}*
r = ©| − ©} Ans
(ii) Let = 5i + 3j and = i − 2j
− = i − 2j − )5i + 3j )
− = i − 2j − 5i − 3j
− = −4 − 5‰
(= + ^) − *
( = 5i + 3j + t)−4 − 5‰*
2 1 5 −4
, .+~, . = , .+^, .
3 −4 3 −5
2 + ~ = 5 − 4^ ⇒ ~ + 4^ = 3 ………..(i)
3 − 4~ = 3 − 5^ ⇒ −4~ + 5^ = 0 ……….(ii)
J L
Solving the two equations simultaneously yields ~ = x and ^ = x

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 70
 2 1 2 5 1
, .+~, . = , .+ , .
3 −4 3 7 −4
J 0l
2
=, .+ x
z =
x
3 − −
0
xx
¸
∴ the position vector of P is û, − Š Ans
© ©

QUESTION 6

(a) A= 12i + 5j and B = 8i + 10j

B − A = 8i + 10j − )12i + 5j )
B − A = 8i + 10j − 12i − 5j
B − A = −4i + 5j
r = A + t)B − A*
−O
= 12| + 5} + º)−4| + 5}* , .+ º, . Ans
Ÿ Ÿ
(b) P)3, 4* and Q(5, 12*
P. Q
cos j =
‖P‖ ‖Q‖
〈K,L〉.〈K,0 〉
cos j =
√Kq [L q ×√Jq [0 q
15 + 48
cos j =
√25 × √169
yK
cos j =
J×0K
yK
j = cos /0 ,yJ.

j = 14.3°
∴ the angle between the two vectors is O. —° Ans

QUESTION 7

(a) By parametric equation method

2
A)−1, 3* and PR = , ..
5
z
,A . = , A . + ^ , .
z

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 71
 −1 2
,A . = , .+^, .
3 5
Converting to parametric equations we get
= −1 + 2^ and A = 3 + 5^
We then eliminate ^ from both equations.
= −1 + 2^ ×5
A = 3 + 5^ ×2
5 = −5 + 10^
−2A = 6 + 10^
5 − 2A = −11
Ÿ − + = as required
(b) P)2| + 4}* and R(10| − 4}* and •••••‚ •••••‚0
PQ = L PR
1
•••••‚ − OP
OQ •••••‚ =
•••••‚
OR − OP•••••‚
4
•••••‚ 2 0 10 2
OQ − , . = L , . − , .
4 −4 4
1
•••••‚ = , 8 . + ,2.
OQ
4 −8 4
•••••‚ 2 2 4
OQ = , . + , . = , . and so the position vector of Q is 4i + 2j
−2 4 2
(c) (i) •••••‚
OC = •••••‚
AO
•••••‚ 4 −4
OC = − , . = , .. Therefore the position vector of C is −Oû − Š
1 −1
⇒ •••••‚
CD = •••••‚
AB
•••••‚
OD − •••••‚ •••••‚ − OA
OC = OB •••••‚

•••••‚ −4 2 4
OD − , . = , . − , .
−1 2 1
•••••‚ −2 −4
OD = , . + , .
1 −1
•••••‚ −-
OD = , . . Therefore, the position vector of D is −6i

)||* •••••‚
DB = OB•••••‚ − •••••‚
OD
2 −6
=, .−, .=, .
2 0
DB = 8i + 2j and the vector 2i

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 72
 |DB| = ¢8 + 2 = √64 + 4 = √68

|V| = ¢2 + 0 = √4 = 2
Õ . = 〈8, 2〉. 〈2, 0〉 = 16 + 0 = 16
0y
cos j =
√yY
Y
j = cos /0 , .
√yY

j = 14.043624347
j = 14.0
∴ DB makes an angle of 14.0° with the vector 2i

QUESTION 8
3 4
(a) A B
P

•••••‚
AB = OB•••••‚ − OA
•••••‚ •••••‚ = K •••••‚
AP AB •••••‚ − OA
OP •••••‚ = K •••••‚
AB
x x
10 3 K 7 3 3
•••••‚
AB = , . − , . •••••‚
AP = , . •••••‚
OP − , . = , .
1 1 x 0 1 0
•••••‚ 7 •••••‚ 3 •••••‚ 3 3 6
AB = , . AP = , . OP = , . + , . = , .
0 0 0 1 1
∴ the position vector of P is -û + Š
(b) e = + 2‰ and f = 3 + Š 9 −5 + 12 + 4 − 20 = 0
c.d
cos j = ‖c‖‖d‖ 4 + 12 − 16 = 0
〈Ž, 〉〈K,0〉
cos 45 = √Žq +3 −4=0
[ q √Kq [0”
KŽ[
cos 45 = √Žq − +4 −4= 0
[L √0z

3 + 2 = cos 45 × √ + 4 √10 ) − 1* + 4) − 1* = 0
0
3 +2= √10√ +4 ) + 4*) − 1* = 0
√

0z
3 +2=ú √ +4 + 4 = 0 "( −1=0

)3 + 2* = √5√ +4 { = −O { = − Ans
9 + 12 + 4 = 5) + 4*

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 73
 TOPIC 8
QUESTION 1
V K
(a) A = )2 + *L (b) A = , − 4.

‹Œ ‹Œ V 0 K V
Let =2 + ⇒ = = 3 , − 4. , . = , − 4.
‹V ‹V

‹Œ ‹Œ K L K
A= L
⇒‹ =4 K
so ,‹V . = , − 4. = )−2* = 6
V L
‹Œ ‹Œ ‹ ‹Œ
∴ = × A= , . ×
‹V ‹ ‹V ‹V V
‹Œ
=4 K
× = 4 )2 + *K =-× . = . Ans
‹V
i
(c) z
! • = − " i
z

= )− " m* − )− " m*
= −)−1* − )−1*
=1+1
= Ans
•
(d) (i)To find the coordinates of A, (ii) Area = Ž
)A0 − A *•
½
we equate the two equations Area = z
q 2 − −) − * •
½
− =2 − Area = z
q )2 − − + *•
½
+ − −2 =0 Area = q
z
)3 − 2 *•
K/
KV q V½
2 −3 =0 Area = −
K z
½ q ½ ½
K, . , .
)2 − 3* = 0 Area = q
− q
− )0*
K

q q
= 0 "( 2 − 3 = 0 Area = •
− •
K

x x
= 0 or 2 = 3 Area = , Y − 0 .
K Y0/JL
= 0 or = Area =
L
x
A=2 − Area = L

K K
A = 2, . − , . Area = -
square units

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 l
A=3−
L
K
A=
L
— —
∴ the coordinates of A are , , O.

QUESTION 2

[O
(a) =− (b) =
[ /
×) [ */)/ *) * ) / *) */) [O*) *
= ) [ *
= ) / *
‹Œ 0y ‹Œ V/ V/L
=) = )V/ *y
‹V V[0*q ‹V
‹Œ ‹Œ /L
‹V
=1 ‹V
= )V/ *q
at =4
0y ‹Œ /L /L
) V[0*q
=1 ‹V
= )L/ *q
= L
= −1

)2 + 1* = 16 Taking square root At = 4, A = 6

2 + 1 = ±4 Gradient of the normal is 1
2 = ±4 − 1 A − A0 = #) − 0*

2 = 4 − 1 "( 2 = −4 − 1 A − 6 = 1) − 4*
2 = 3 "( 2 = −5 A−6= −4
K J
= "( =− A= −4+6
—
∴ = = since > 0 Ans = + Ans
K
(c) z
) + ! *• = 27 (d) (i) Equate the two equations
K
V½ +V q
+ = 27 − 10 + 27 = − + 2 + 27
K z
K½ +)K*q
,K + . − 0 = 27 2 − 12 = 0
l+
9+ = 27 2 ) − 6* = 0
l+
= 27 − 9 2 = 0 "( −6=0
l+
= 18 = 0 "( 6 we substitute only =6

9! = 36 A = 6 − 10)6* + 27 = 36 − 60 + 27 = 3
ó = O Ans ∴ the coordinates of B are )-, —*

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 •
(d) (ii) (' = Ž
)A0 − A *•
y
Area = z
)A0 − A *•
y
Area = z
)− + 2 + 27 − ) − 10 + 27**•
y
Area = z
)− + 2 + 27 − + 10 − 27*•
y
Area = z
)−2 + 12 *•
y
V½ 0 Vq
Area = − +
K z
)y*½
Area = ,− + 6)6* . − 0
K
) 0y*
Area = ,− K
+ 72.

Area = −144 + 72
Area = −© square units Ans

QUESTION 3

LV ‹Œ )V[0*)L*/)LV*)0*
(a) A = √4 + 3 = )4 + 3 *0/ (b) A = ⇒ = )V[0*q
V[0 ‹V
‹ ‹Œ LV[L/LV L
Let = 4 + 3 → ‹V = 3 = )V[0*q
= )V[0*q
‹V
‹Œ L L L
A= 0/
,‹V . =) [0*q
= )K*q = l
V
”
‹Œ 0 / 0 ‹Œ
‹
= q = A = ,‹V . × where k = 2
√ V
‹Œ ‹Œ ‹ L
‹V
= ‹ × ‹V A = l × 0.03 = 2 − 2.03 = 0.03
‹Œ 0 L K
= ×3 A = l × 0zz
‹V √
—
= Ans = ©Ÿ = . — Ans
√O[—
‹Œ
(b) ‹V = 3 +2 −5

A = )3 + 2 − 5*•
A= K
+ −5 + at (0, 3)
3 = 0K + 0 − 5)0* +
=3
∴ the equation of the curve is curve at (0, 3) is = —
+ −Ÿ +—

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 •
(c) (i) 2 + 4 = 1 + 10 − (ii) (' = Ž
)A0 − A *•
K
2 + − 10 + 4 − 1 = 0 Area = 0/K
)2 + 4* − )1 + 10 − *•
K
3 − 10 + 3 = 0 Area = 0/K
)2 + 4 − 1 − 10 + *•
K
3 − −9 +3=0 Area = 0/K
3 − 10 + 3*•
K
KV ½ 0zV q
)3 − 1*) − 3* = 0 Area = − +3
K 0/K

0 K 0 0
3 = 1 "( =3 Area = ))3*K − 5)3* + 3)3** − , . − 5 , . + 3 , .
K K K

0 0 J
= K "( =3 Area = )27 − 45 + 9* − , x
− l + 1.

0 0 0K
When = K ; A = 2 ,K. + 4 Area = −9 − , x.
0K
A= l+4 Area = −9 − x
KY —
A= l
Area = − ©
square units

When = 3; A = 2)3* + 4
A = 22
—
∴ the coordinates of P and Q are , ¸ , —. and )—, *

QUESTION 4

LŽ ‹Œ
(a) A = V/•
(b) A = − + 1 ⇒ ‹V = 2 − 1
‹Œ ) V/•*)z*/)LŽ*) * ‹Œ
= ) V/•*q
,‹V . = 2)2* − 1 = 4 − 1 = 3
‹V V
‹Œ z / YŽ ‹Œ
=) A = ,‹V . × Where k = 2 and = 0.03
‹V V/•*q V
{
= −) /•*
Ans = — × . — = . ¸ Ans
J JV ¼½
(c) • = 5 /L
• = +
V• /K
Ÿ
= −— — + Â Ans

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 y
(d) (i) A = 6 − A(2, 8) (ii) Area = 6 − − )−2 + 12* •
y
At point B, A = 0 Area = )6 − + 2 − 12*•
y
6 − =0 Area = )8 − − 12*•
y
V½
)6 − * = 0 Area = 4 − − 12
K

y½ ½
= 0 or 6 − =0 Area = ,4)6* − − 12)6*. − ,4)2* − − 12)2*.
K K
Y
= 0 or =6 Area = )144 − 72 − 72* − )16 − − 24*
K
K
∴ B(6, 0) Area = )0* − ,− K .
Π/ΠK
#˜¥ = Vq/V” Area =
q ” K
Y/z
#˜¥ = /y
Area = —
square units Ans
Y
#˜¥ = /L = −2

A − A0 = #) − 0*

A − 0 = −2) − 6* → A = −2 + 12

QUESTION 5

/KV q •
(a) A = V/L
(c) z
)2 + 5* • = 14

) V/L*)/yV*/)/KVq *) * •
‹Œ Vq
= ) V/L*q
+5 = 14
‹V z
‹Œ /0 V q [ LV[yV q
= ) + 5 * − 0 = 14
‹V ) V/L*q

‹Œ LV/yV q
= ) V/L*q
+ 5 − 14 = 0
‹V

(b) A = 3 K
− − 2 + 7 − 14 = 0
‹Œ
=9 − 2 at (2, 4) ) − 2* + 7) − 2* = 0
‹V
‹Œ
= 9)2* − 2)2* ) − 2*) + 7* = 0
‹V
‹Œ
= 36 − 4 = 32 − 2 = 0 "( +7=0
‹V
0
Gradient of the normal is − K = 2 "( = −7
0
A − 4 = − K ) − 2* ∴•= since • > 0 Ans

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 78
 0
A=− + +4
K K
0 0Kz
A=− +
K K

— = − + — Ans
(d) (i) A = +4 +3
At points P and Q; A = 0
+4 +3=0
+ +3 =0
) + 1*) + 3* = 0
= −1 or = −3
∴ the coordinates of P and Q are )−—, * and )− , *
(ii) Note that the region below the x-axis, has the negative area.
/0 z
Area = − /K
) + 4 + 3*• + /0
) + 4 + 3* •
/0 z
V½ V½
Area = +2 +3 + +2 +3
K /K K /0

)/0*½ )/K*½
Area = − , K
+ 2)−1* + 3)−1*. − K
+ 2)−3* + 3)−3*

)/0*½
+ )0 + 0 + 0* − , + 2)−1* + 3)−1*.
K
0 x 0
Area = − ,− K + 2 − 3. − ,− K
+ 18 − 9. − ,− K + 2 − 3.
/0[y/l /0[y/l
Area = − ,
K
. − )0* − , K
.
L L
Area = − ,− K. − ,− K.
L L
Area = K + K
8
(' =
3
(' = —
square units

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 79
QUESTION 6

0
(a) A = )yV[K*q = )6 + 3*/ (b) A = ) + 1*) − 1* = −1
‹ ‹Œ ‹Œ
Let = 6 + 1, then =6 =2 ⇒, . = 2)1* = 2
‹V ‹V ‹V V 0

‹Œ
A= /
A= , . ×
‹V V
‹Œ
= −2 /K
=− ½ here = 1 − 1.05 = 0.05 and k = 1
‹V
‹Œ ‹Œ ‹
‹V
= ‹ × ‹V ∴ = × . Ÿ= . Ans

=− × - = − )- Ans
— [ *—

(c) ‘
)2 + 1* • = 19.5 125 − 117 = )2# + 1*K
‹
Let = 2 + 1 ⇒ ‹V = 2 8 = )2# + 1*K
‹
• = 2• ⇒ • = ¢)2# + 1*K = √8
½ ½

q‹ Kl
‘
= 2# + 1 = 2
½ Kl
y ‘
= 2# = 2 − 1

) V[0*½ Kl
y
= · = Ans
‘
) ) *[0*½ ) ‘[0*½ Kl
, .−, .=
y y
J½ Kl ) ‘[0*½
− = (Multiply through by 6)
y y

(d) (i) A = 9 − and A = +1 (ii) To find the area, we first find the point where
+1= 9− the curve A = 9 − meets the x-axis i.e A = 0
+ +1−9 =0 9− =0
2 −8=0 =9⇒ = ±3 and so =3
K
) − 4* = 0 ∴ Area = z
) + 1*• + )9 − *•
K K
V½ V½
) − 2*) + 2* = 0 Area = + + 9 −
K z K

K½ K½ ½
− 2 = 0 or +2=0 Area = , K + 3. − 0 + ,9)3* − K
. − ,9)2* − .
Y
= 2 or = −2 Area = 9 + 3 + )27 − 9* − ,18 − K.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 80
 JL/Y
When =2 Area = 12 + 18 − , K
.
Ly
A= +1 Area = 30 − K
lz/Ly
A=2 +1=5 Area = K
OO
∴P (2, 5) Ans Area = = O square units
— —

QUESTION 7

KV/ V
(a) A = (b) A =
V/L KV[
‹Œ )V/L*)K*/)KV/ *)0* ‹Œ )KV[ *) */) V*)K*
= )V/L*q
= )KV[ *q
‹V ‹V
‹Œ KV/0 /KV[ ‹Œ yV[L/yV L
‹V
= )V/L*q ‹V
= )KV[ *q
= )KV[ *q
’ /0z 0
)V/L*q
= )V/L*q 4A = − + 24 ⇒ A = − L + 6
’ 0z 0 L
)V/L*q
+ )V/L*q = 0 ∴ − L = )KV[ *q
’[0z
)V/L*q
=0 −)3 + 2* = 16

ℎ + 10 = 0 −9 − 12 − 4 − 16 = 0
ℎ = −10 −9 − 12 − 20 = 0
i/ i/
(c) z
2 " • = 2 ! z 9 + 12 + 20 = 0
i
= ,2 ! . − )2 ! 0*

= 2)1* − 0
= Ans
K
(d) (i) equate the two equations (ii) Area = 0
8 − − )4 + 3* •
K
4 +3=8− Area = 0
)8 −4 − − 3*•
K
+4 −8 +3=0 Area = 0
)4 − − 3*•
K
V½
−4 +3=0 Area = 2 − −3
K 0
K½ 0½
− −3 +3=0 Area = ,2)3* − − 3)3*. − ,2)1* − − 3)1*.
K K
0
) − 1*) − 3* = 0 Area = )18 − 9 − 9* − ,2 − K 3.

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 81
 y/0/l
= 1 or =3 Area = 0 − , K
.
L
When = 1; A = 4 + 3 Area = − ,− .
K
O
A = 4)1* + 3 Area = square units
—

A=7
∴ the coordinates of P are ) , ©*
When = 3; A = 4)3* + 3
A = 12 + 3
A = 15
∴ the coordinates of Q are )—, Ÿ*

QUESTION 8

— /Ÿ
(a) = (b) A = 2 −3
/O
‹Œ V q /LV )K*/)KV/J*) V/L* ‹Œ
‹V
= )V q /LV*q ‹V
=6 −3
‹Œ KV q /0 V/)yV q / V[ z* ‹Œ
‹V
= )V q /LV*q
,‹V . = 6 − 3 = 6)6* − 3 = 33
V y
‹Œ KV q /0 V/yV q / V/ z ‹Œ
‹V
= )V q /LV*q
A = ,‹V . × Where = 6.02 − 6 = 0.02
V y
‹Œ /KV q /KLV/ z
= )V q /LV*q
A = 33 × 0.02 = 0.66
‹V
K
K KV q
(c) 0
)3 − 4* • = −4
0
K)K*q K)0*q
=, − 4)3*. − , − 4)1*.
x K
=, − 12. − , − 4.
x/ L K/Y
= −, .
K J Y
= + = = O Ans

(d) (i) At point B, A = 0 (ii) To find equation of AB, first find coordinates of R
3+2 − =0 at R, =0
− +2 +3 =0 A =3+2 − = 3 + 2)0* − 0 = 3
− − +3 +3=0 Thus R(0, 3)

Compiled & Solved by Kachama Dickson. C & Mwansa. E/ Together we can do mathematics 82
 ) + 1*)− + 3* = 0 Using the formula for gradient, we get −1
+ 1 = 0 or – + 3 = 0 A − A0 = #) − 0* use (3, 0)
= −1 or =3 A − 0 = −1) − 3*
Thus the coordinates of B are (3, 0) A = − + — Ans
K
(iii) Area = z
3+2 − − )− + 3* •
K
Area = z
)3 +2 − + − 3*•
K
Area = z
)3 − *•
K
KV q V½
Area = −
K z

K)K*q K½
Area = , − .−0
x x
Area = −
K
Y0/JL
Area = y
x
Area = y
l
Area =

Area = O Square units

THE END OF SOLUTIONS TO ALL THE QUESTIONS

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