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FINALTERM EXAMINATION
Fall 2009
CS201- Introduction to Programming

Time: 120 min

Marks: 75
If we write a statement like s2 = s1; ___ will be the calling object and
____ will be passed to the = operator as an argument.
► s1, s1
► s1, s2
► s2, s1
► s2, s2
If we write a statement like s2 = s1; s2 will be the calling object and s1
will be passed to the = operator as an argument. P# 397
cout << setfill(‘0’) << setw(7) << 128 ;

► 0000128
► 0128128
► 1280000
► 0012800

default alignment is from left due to this it first prints 4 Zeros(setw=7, digit=3 i.e 1-2-8,) 7-3=4 Zeros vuzs

The stream insertion and extraction operators are not already

overloaded for _______
► Built-in data types
► User-defined data types
► Both built-in and user-defined types
► None of the given options

Constructors can not be overloaded like ordinary functions.

► True
► False

The constructors can be overloaded. We can write as many constructors

as we require. At one time, the compiler will call the correct version of the
constructor".P# 323 these solutions are meant to host at vuzs site only
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Overloaded new operator function takes parameter of type size_t and

returns
► void (nothing)
► void pointer
► object pointer
► int pointer

Also note that the new operator returns a void pointer. Any new operator
we write must have this parameter and return type.

Which of the following is the correct way to declare a variable x of

integer type?
► x int ;
► integer x ;
► int x;
► x integer

Reserve words cannot be used as a variable name.

► True
► False
There are few data types in C language. These data types are reserved
words of C language. The reserve words can not be used as a variable
manes. P# 17

A template function must have at least ---------- generic data type

► Zero
► One
► Two
► Three

The function arguments must contain at least one generic data type. P#
499

Template functions can also be overloaded

► True
► False

We can write overloaded template functions as long as there is use of

different number or type of arguments.. P # 503
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We can not make a member function of a class as template function.

► True
► False not sure

When break statement is encountered in switch statement, it

► Stops the entire program
► Stops the execution of current statement
► Exits from switch statement
► None of the given options

We can also define a variable of user define data type (object) as

static.
► True
► False

The declarator of Plus (+) member operator function is

► Class-Name operator + (Class-Name rhs)

► operator Class-Name + ( )
► operator Class-Name + ( rhs)
► Class-Name operator + ( )

Let suppose
int a, b, c, d, e;
a = b = c = d = e = 42;
This can be interpreted by the complier as:

► a = (b = (c = (d = (e = 42))));
► (a = b = (c = (d = (e = 42))));
► a = b = (c = (d = (e = 42)));
► (a = b) = (c = d) = (e = 42);

a = (b = (c = (d = (e = 42) ) ) );

What will be the range of numbers generated by function rand () % 9?

► 0 to 9
► 1 to 9
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► 0 to 8
► 1 to 8
When 6 divides any number, the remainder will always be less than 6.
Ther
result will be between therefore we will add 1. 1 + rand ( ) % 6;
Which of the following is the correct function call having array named
student of 10 elements as a parameter.
► addRecord(student[]) ;
► addRecord(student) ;
► addRecord(student[10]) ;
► addRecord(*student) ;
when we pass array we don’t give limit of array
Example:
Pass array to function
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void read(int *,int);
void dis(int *,int);

void main()
{
int a[5],b[5],c[5],i;

printf("Enter the elements of first list \n");

read(a,5);
printf("The elements of first list are \n");
dis(a,5);
}

void read(int c[],int i)

{
int j;
for(j=0;j<i;j++)
scanf("%d",&c[j]);
fflush(stdin);
}

void dis(int d[],int i)

{
int j;
for(j=0;j<i;j++)
printf("%d ",d[j]);
printf("\n");
}

Declaring structures does not mean that memory is allocated.

Example:
► True
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► False

structures do not occupy any memory until it is associated with the

structure variable

Identifier is a name that can be given to variables, labels and functions.

► True
► False

An 'Identifier' means any name that the user creates in his/her program.
These names can be of variables, functions and labels

If a class A declares itself a friend of class B and a class B declares

itself a friend of class C then
► Class A is also a friend of class C.
► Class B is also a friend of class A.
► Class A is also a friend of class C if A declares C as its
friend.
► Class A is also a friend of class C if C declares A as its friend.
If we want a two-way relationship, OtherClass will have to declare
ClassOne as a friend class, resulting in a complete two-way relationship

Which of the following statement is best regarding declaration of friend

function?

► Friend function must be declared after public keyword.

► Friend function must be declared after private keyword.
► Friend function must be declared at the top within class
definition.
► It can be declared anywhere in class as these are not
affected by the public and private keywords.

Friend is a very strong statement. It is too strong to be affected by

public or private we can put it anywhere in the class

A pointer is a special type of variable that contain ___________

► Memory Address
► Data values
► Both Values and Memory
► None of given of options

Pointer is a special type of variable that contains a memory address.

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When memory for a program is allocated at run time then it is called

________

► static memory allocation

► dynamic memory allocation
► stack memory allocation
► virtual memory allocation
When we create an object of the class at run time, it will allocate memory
according to our requirement. So there is no waste of memory and the
situations in which we want to store large data in small memory or vice
versa are prevented. So we do dynamic memory allocation inside these
classes.

What purpose do classes serve?

► Data encapsulation
► Providing a convenient way of modeling real-world objects
► Simplifying code reuse
► All of the given options

Which of the following function cannot be overloaded?

► Member functions
► Utility functions
► Constructor
► Destructor
The destructors can be summarized as The destructors cannot be
overloaded. The destructors take no arguments. The destructors don’t
return a value

The following prototype of unary operator function indicates that it is

____________ .
Date operator++(int )

► Member functions of post increment operator

► Member functions of pre increment operator
► Non-member functions of post increment operator
► Non-member functions of pre increment operator
Overloading Unary Operators
// Preincrement operator overloaded as a member function.
Date Date::operator++()
{
helpIncrement();
return *this; // value return; not a reference return
}
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// Postincrement operator overloaded as a member function.

// Note that the dummy integer parameter does not have a
// parameter name.
Date Date::operator++(int)
{
Date temp = *this;
helpIncrement();

// return non-incremented, saved, temporary object

return temp; // value return; not a reference return
} // This paper was solved by vuzs Team and meant for hosting
at vuzs otherwise its stolen contents

Static variable which is defined in a function is initialized __________.

► Only once during its life time
► Every time the function call
► Compile time of the program
► None of the above

Once the static variables are created, they exist for the life of the
program. They do not die.

In the member initialize list, the data members are initialized,

► From left to right
► From right to left
► In the order in which they are defined within class
► None of the given options

If we do not indent the code properly it will __________________

► Be a syntax error
► Be a logical error
► Not be an error at all
► None of the given options

we Indent the code for better readability and understanding

Truth tables are used for analyzing ___________.

► logical expressions
► arithmetic expressions
► both logical and arithmetic expressions
► none of the given options.
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The truth tables are very important. These are still a tool available for
analyzing logical expressions.

Static memory allocation is also known as ____________

► Dynamic allocation
► Compile time allocation
► Run time allocation
► None of the given options
This type of memory static allocation. It is also known as compile time
allocation.

( Marks: 1 )
What does getline() member function of cin stream do?

Another member function of cin is getline(). It reads a complete buffer i.e.

the number of character specified up to a delimiter we specify. We can
write something like:
cin.getline(char *buffer, int buff_size, char delimiter = ‘\n’)
( Marks: 1 )
When memory is allocated dynamically using new operator
within the constructor of class then what is an appropriate
place to de-allocate the memory?

Whenever we allocate memory with the new operator, it is our

responsibility to de-allocate this memory after the termination of the
program. To do this de-allocation, we have an operator delete. To de-
allocate the memory, allocated with p = new int ; we will write delete

(p) ;
It will not delete the p rather, it will send the memory gotten and pointed
by p back to the free store.
( Marks: 2 )
What will be the output of following code, if user input a number 123?
int input ;
cin >> oct >> input;
cout << hex << input ;

( Marks: 2
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What is memory leak?

suppose, the heap size is decreased as we had allocated memory from it
despite the fact that it was never utilized. If this step of allocating memory
and then destroy the pointer to this memory carries on then the size of
the heap will going on to decrease. It may become of zero size. When
there is no memory on heap, the computer will stop running and there
may be a system crash. This situation is called a memory leak

( Marks: 3 )
When we call calloc function to allocate memory and its return
a NULL pointer what does it mean?

Calloc function takes two arguments. The first argument is the required
space in terms of numbers while the second one is the size of the space
Now we have to see what happens when either we ask for too much
memory at a time of non-availability of enough memory on the heap or
we ask for memory that is available on the heap , but not available as a
single chunk?. In this case, the call to calloc will fail. When a call to
memory allocation functions fails, it returns a NULL pointer.

( Marks: 3 )
Read the given code and explain code functionality.

Matrix :: Matrix ( const Matrix & m )

{
numRows = m.numRows ;
numCols = m.numCols ;
elements = new ( double * ) [ numRows ] ;
for ( int i = 0 ; i < numRows ; i ++ )
{
elements [ i ] = new double [ numCols ] ;
for ( int j = 0 ; j < numCols ; j ++ )
elements [ i ] [ j ] = m.elements [ i ] [ j ] ;
}
}
( Marks: 3 )
What is the keyword ‘this’ and what are the uses of ‘this’
pointer?

Whenever an object calls a member function, the function implicitly gets a

pointer from the calling object. That pointer is known as this pointer. ‘this’
is a key word. We cannot use it as a variable name. ‘this’ pointer is
present in the function, referring to the calling object.
this pointer points to the current object.
( Marks: 5 )
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What do you mean by garbage collection and how it works in

JAVA and C++ ?

JAVA gives the concept of garbage collection with the use of references.
Due to this garbage collection, we are free from the headache of de-
allocating the memory. We allocate and use the memory. When it is no
longer in use, JAVA automatically deletes (frees) it through garbage
collection But in C and C++ languages, we have to take care of de-
allocating the memory. In classes where we use dynamic memory, we
have to provide destructors to free this memory. The languages keep
evolving, new constructs will keep evolving in existing or new languages.
( Marks: 5 )

Explain the concept of separation of interface from the implementation

in the context of classes, using a real world example.
( Marks: 10 )

Write a simple program using the get() member function of cin object
reading a text of 30 characters from the keyboard, store them in an
array and then using put() member function of cout object to display
them on the screen.
( Marks: 10 )

Overload the Binary Assignment (=) Operator.

Write a program which has a class List, This class should have Two
data members, an array of integers list[] and an integer variable
length (i.e. number of elements in the list).The class should further
contain a default constructor, a Print() function which display the list
and a Function insert() which insert an element in the list and
Assignment (= ) Operator function, which contain code for the
assignment of one object to other. .
In main function define two objects list1 and list2 and use the
statement list2 = list1; and use (call ) print function with both
objects