PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT AND ETHICAL STANDARD

5. Secrecy Discipline
PNP members shall guard the confidentiality of classified information against
unauthorized disclosure, including confidential aspects of official business,
special orders, communications and other documents roster or any portion
thereof, contents of criminal records, identities of persons who may have
given
information to the police in confidence and other classified information or
intelligence material.
6. Social Awareness
PNP members and their immediate family members shall be encouraged to
actively get involved in religious, social and civic activities to enhance the
image
of the organization without affecting their official duties.
7. Non- Solicitation of Patronage
PNP members shall seek self-improvement through career development and
shall not directly or indirectly solicit influence or recommendation from
politicians, high ranking government officials’ prominent citizens, persons
affiliated with civic or religious organizations with regards to their
assignments,
promotions, transfer or those of other members of the force, nor shall they
initiate any petition to be prepared and presented by citizens in their behalf.
Moreover, they shall advise their immediate relatives not to interfere in the
activities of the police service particularly in the assignment and
reassignment
of personnel.
8. Proper Care and Use of Public Property
PNP members shall promote and maintain sense of responsibility in the
protection, proper care and judicious disposition and use of public property
issued for their official use or entrusted to their care and custody just like “a
good father of their family”. When the Commander/Director is relieved from
his
post, all properties/equipment belonging to the government must be turned
over
to the incoming. A committee for the purpose shall be proper. Hence, it is a
taboo for outgoing Commander/Director to detach, remove and bring home
or to
his new assignment properties which do not personally belong to him.
9. Respect for Human Rights
In the performance of duty, PNP members shall respect and protect human
dignity and uphold the human rights of all persons. No member shall inflict,
instigate or tolerate extra-judicial killings, arbitrary arrests, any act of torture
or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment and shall not
36
invoke superior orders or exceptional circumstances such as a state –of-war,
a
threat to national security, internal political instability or any public
emergency
as a justification for committing such human rights violations.
10. Devotion to Duty
PNP members shall perform their duties with dedication thoroughness,
efficiency enthusiasm, determination, and manifest concern for public
welfare,
and shall refrain from engaging in any activity which shall be conflict with
their
duties as public servants.

11. Conservation of Natural Resources

PNP members shall help in the development and conservation of our natural
resources for ecological balance and posterity as these are the inalienable
heritage of our people.
12. Discipline
PNP members shall always conduct themselves properly in keeping with the
rules and regulations of the organization.
13. Loyalty
PNP members shall be loyal to the Constitution and the police service as
manifested by their loyalty to their superiors’ peers and subordinates as well.
14. Obedience to Superiors
PNP members shall obey lawful orders of and be courteous to superior
officers
and other appropriate authorities within the chain of command. They shall
readily accept whenever they are assigned anywhere in the country.
Therefore,
it is taboo for any personnel to petition in court or in any public forum his
assignment.
15. Command Responsibility
In accordance with the Doctrine on Command Responsibility, immediate
Commanders/ Directors shall be responsible for the effective supervision,
control
and direction of their personnel and shall see to it that all government
resources
shall be managed, expended or utilized in accordance with laws and
regulations
and safeguard against losses thru illegal or improper disposition.

ETHICAL STANDARDS
Ethical standards shall refer to established and generally accepted moral
values.
Ethical acts to be observed are the following:
1. Morality- PNP members shall adhere to high standards of morality and
decency
and shall set good examples for others to follow. In no instance during their
terms
of office, among other things, shall they be involved as owners, operators,
managers or investors in any house of ill-repute or illegal gambling den or
other
places devoted to vices, nor they shall patronize such places unless on
official
duty, and tolerate operations of such establishments in their respective
areas of
responsibilities. They shall be faithful to their lawfully wedded spouses.37
2. Judicious Use of Authority – PNP members shall exercise proper and
legitimate
use of authority in the performance of duty.
3. Integrity – PNP members shall not allow themselves to be victims of
corruption
and dishonest practices in accordance with the provisions of RA 6713 and
other
applicable laws.
4. Justice – PNP members shall strive constantly to respect the rights of
others so
that they can fulfill their duties and exercise their rights as human beings,
parents, children, citizens, workers, leaders, or in other capacities and to see
to
it that others do likewise.
5. Humility – PNP members shall recognize the fact that they are public
servants
and not the masters of the people and towards this end, they should perform
their duties without attracting attention or expecting the applause of others.
6. Orderliness – PNP members shall follow original procedures in
accomplishing
tasks assigned to them to minimize waste in the use of time, money, and
effort.
7. Perseverance – Once a decision is made, PNP members shall take
legitimate
means to achieve the goal even in the face of internal or external difficulties,
and despite anything which might weaken their resolve in the course of time.

LAW ENFORCEMENT CODE OF ETHICS

As a Law Enforcement officer, my fundamental duty is to serve
mankind; to
safeguard lives and property; to protect the innocent against deception, the
weak
against oppression or intimidation, and the peaceful against violence or
disorder;
and to respect the Constitutional rights of all men to liberty, equality, and
justice.
I will keep my private life unsullied as an example to all; maintain
courageous calm in the face of danger, scorn, or ridicule; develop self-
restraint, and be constantly mindful of the welfare of others. Honest in
thought and deed in both my personal and official life, I will be exemplary in
obeying the laws of the land and the
regulations of my department. Whatever I see or hear of a confidential
nature or
that is confided to me in my official capacity will be kept ever secret unless
revelation is necessary for the performance of my duty.
I will never act officiously or permit personal feelings, prejudices,
animosities or friendships to influence my decisions. With no compromise for
crime and with
relentless prosecution of criminals, I will enforce the law courteously and
appropriately without fear or favor, malice or ill will, never employing
unnecessary
force or violence and never accepting gratuities.
I recognize the badge of my office as a symbol of public faith, and I
accepts it as a public trust to be held so long as I am true to the ethics of the
police service, I will constantly strive to achieve these objectives and ideals,
dedicating myself before
God to my chosen profession ... law enforcement.

LAW ENFORCEMENT CODE OF ETHICS (Revised)

As a Law Enforcement Officer, my fundamental duty is to serve mankind; to

safeguard lives and property; to protect the innocent against deception, the weak
against

oppression or intimidation, and the peaceful against violence or disorder; and to

respect

the Constitutional rights of all men to liberty, equality, and justice.

I will keep my private life unsullied as an example to all; maintain courageous calm

in the face of danger, scorn, or ridicule; develop self-restraint; and be constantly

mindful

of the welfare of others. Honest in thought and deed in both my personal and
official life, I
will be exemplary in obeying the laws of the land and the regulations of my
department.

Whatever I see or hear of a confidential nature or that is confided to me in my

official

capacity will be kept ever secret unless revelation is necessary in the performance
of my

duty.

I will never act officiously or permit personal feelings, prejudices, animosities, or

friendships to influence my decisions. With no compromise for crime and with

relentless

prosecution of criminals, I will enforce the law courteously and appropriately without
fear

or favor, malice, or ill will, never employing unnecessary force or violence and never

accepting gratuities in return.

I recognize the badge of my office as a symbol of public faith, and I accept it as a

public trust to be held so long as I am true to the ethics of the police service. I will
never

engage in the acts of corruption, or bribery, nor will I condone such acts by other
police

officers. I will cooperative with all legally authorized agencies and their
representatives in

the pursuit of justice.

I know that I alone, am responsible for my own standard of professional

performance

and will take every reasonable opportunity to enhance and improve my level of
knowledge

and competence. I will constantly strive to achieve these objectives and ideals,
dedicating

myself before God to my chosen profession… law enforcement.

3.1.Philippine Registered Criminologists Professional Conduct and Ethical Standards

What is Republic Act 6506?
An act creating the Board of Examiners for Criminologist in the Philippines for other

purposes

What is Republic Act 11131?

An act regulating the practice of criminology profession in the Philippines, and

appropriating funds therefor, repealing for the purpose Republic Act no. 6506

Who is Criminologist?

A criminologist is any person who is graduate of the degree of Criminology, who has

passed examination for criminologists and is registered such by the Board of

Criminology.

Who are deemed engaged in the Practice of Criminology?

A person is deemed to be engaged in the practice of criminology if he holds himself

out to the public in any of the following capacities:

1. As a professor, instructor or teacher in Criminology in any university, college, or

school duly recognized by the government and teachers any of the following

subjects; (a) Law Enforcement Administration, (b) Criminalistics, (c) Correctional

Administration, (d) Criminal Sociology and allied subjects, and (e) other technical

and specialized subjects in the criminology curriculum provided by the Department

of Education.

2. As law enforcement administrator, executive, adviser, consultant or agent in any

government or private agency.

3. As technician in dactyloscopy, ballistics, questioned documents, police

photography,

lie detection, forensic chemistry and other scientific aspects of crime detection.

4. As correctional administrator, executive supervisor, worker or officer in any

correctional and penal institution.

5. As counselor, expert, adviser, researcher in government or private agency on any

aspects of criminal research or project involving the causes of crime, juvenile

delinquency treatment of offenders, police operations, law enforcement

administration, scientific criminal investigation or public welfare administration.

What are the Privileges of certified criminologist?

All certified criminologist shall be exempt from taking any other entrance or

qualifying government or civil service examinations and shall be considered civil

service

eligible to the following government positions: (1) dactylographer, (2) ballistician,

(3)

questioned document examiner, (4) correctional officer, (5) law enforcement

photographer,

(6) lie detection examiner, (7) probation officer, (8) agents in any law enforcement
agency,

(9) security officer, (10) criminal investigator, or (11) police laboratory technician.

Certified criminologist shall be eligible for appointment as Patrolman in chartered

cities and municipalities, provided they possess the general qualifications for
appointment,

provided in Section nine, Republic Act Numbered Forty-eight hundred and sixty-
four.

Unlawful Practice of Criminology, Penalty

Any person who shall hold himself out as a criminology without being duly
registered

and certified in accordance with the provisions of this Act, or who shall give any
false or

fraudulent evidence of any kind to the Board in connection with any examination, or
who

shall violate any of the rules and regulations promulgated by the Board in
connection with

the practice of Criminology in the Philippines shall upon conviction be sentenced to

a fine

PHILIPPINE REGISTERED CRIMINOLOGISTS PROFESSIONAL

CONDUCT AND ETHICAL STANDARD

of not less than two thousand pesos nor more than ten thousand pesos or to suffer

imprisonment for a period of not less than one year but not exceeding three years
or both,

at the discretion of the court.

CANON OF ETHICS FOR REGISTERED CRIMINOLOGIST

Article I

PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY OF REGISTERED CRIMINOLOGIST

a. The primary responsibility of every person admitted to the practice of

Criminology

as a Registered Criminologist is to bear faithful allegiance to the Republic of the

Philippines and be loyal to his profession. They shall accept as a sacred obligation

and responsibility as citizens to support the Constitution of the Philippines and as a

Registered Criminologist to defend the principles of liberty as defined in the

Constitution and Laws.

b. As a Registered Criminologist, they shall strive to improve their effectiveness by

diligent study and sincere attention to improvement and welcome the opportunity

to disseminate practical and useful information relating to matters accruing to the

benefit of public safety and welfare.

Article II

LIMITATION OF AUTHORITY

a. The first duty of a criminologist as upholder of the law is to know its bounds upon

him, be aware of limitations and prescriptions and recognize the system of

government that gives to no man group or institution absolute power. He must

ensure

that he is prime defender of that system and as such must never pervert its

character.
b. They shall in the performance of their duty be just, impartial and reasonable,

never according anyone more preferential treatment than another. They shall

recognize the limitation of their authority and at no time use the power of their

profession for personal advantage.

Article III

PRIVATE CONDUCT

a. The Registered Criminologist must be mindful of his special identification by the

public as an upholder of the law. He must never be lax in conduct or manner in

private life, express disrespect for the law, nor seek to gain special privilege that

would be reflective upon the profession. He must so conduct his private life that the

public will regard him as an example of stability fidelity and morality.

b. He must strive to elevate the standing of the profession in the public mind,

strengthen public confidence in law enforcement, develop and maintain complete

support and cooperation of the public and insure the effectiveness by encouraging

complete cooperation of members for their mutual benefit.

Article IV

CONDUCT TOWARDS THE PUBLIC

a. The Criminologists remind at all times that dignity, fairness and a genuine

willingness to help are essential to their public image and their ability to do a good

job.

b. The Criminologists mindful of their responsibility to the whole community, deal

with individuals of the community in a manner calculated to instill respect for its

laws and their profession.

c. They shall be habitually courteous and accept their responsibility by being

punctual and expeditious in their engagements and duties. They shall regard their

profession as a public trust and in the discharge of their duties; bear constantly in
mind their obligation to serve the public efficiently and effectively. 66

Article V

ATTITUDE TOWARDS PROFESSION

a. The criminologists shall strive to make the best application of science to the

solution of crime, by diligent study and sincere attention to self - improvement, and

in the fields of human relationships, strive for effective leadership and public

influence in matters affecting public safety.

b. He shall appreciate the importance and responsibility of his profession as an

honorable one rendering valuable service to his community and country. They shall

strive to attain certain of the most withering cross examination particularly from

fellow criminologists and associates.

c. He shall avoid outside influence from overzealous and overanxious clients and his

findings shall be based solely and entirely on logical and scientific deduction
derived

from a fair and impartial examination personally performed by him.

d. He must never lose sight of the important fact that he should not only work for

the identification, apprehension and conviction of criminals, but must strive with

greater if not equal vigor to clear the innocent.

Article VI

ATTITUDE TOWARDS FELLOW CRIMINOLOGISTS

a. The Criminologists shall strive constantly to improve professional standing of

Criminology through association with others in the profession and keeping abreast

with the fast moving world of science and technology through constant research
and

development.

b. He shall cooperate fully with fellow criminologists regardless of personal

prejudice. He should however, be assured that such action is proper and in

accordance with law and guard against the use of his office or person, knowingly or

unknowingly in any improper or illegal action. He must always bear in mind at all

times that it is not sufficient to be proficient in one work; he must also have a high

sense of justice, belief in the dignity and worth of all men and a proper motivation

and attitude.

He must possess a sense of dedication to his profession and a sense of duty and

obligation to his fellowmen.

c. He shall cooperate with fellow criminologists and public officials to the end that

the safety and general welfare of the public will be assured, never permitting

jealousies or personal differences to influence their professional duties and

obligations.

Article VII

CODE OF ETHICS

The universally accepted Code of Ethics for Law Enforcement shall be temporarily

adopted pending formulation of a more specific code that embraces all aspects of

Criminology.

3.2. Academic Ethics and Integrity

What is Academic Ethics?

Academic ethics is an umbrella concept which encompasses many issues. On

an institutional level, there is much discussion about the nature of a

university, and

whether it is affected by the commercial pressures to get more students

(paying or

paid for), whether business/university partnerships affect academic freedom,

and
what type of investments it is appropriate for a university to have. On an
individual

level, the main focus of discussion in recent years has been on academic
integrity,

and the need to maintain a culture of honesty in all aspects of teaching and
research.

Members of an academic community have a responsibility to present work

that is truly their own. Cheating and plagiarizing the work of others are
serious

offenses that undermine the spirit of truth in all areas of college life.

It is the responsibility of the instructor in a particular class to clarify specific

applications of the Academic Ethics Policy.

A. Plagiarism

Plagiarism is intentionally or unintentionally using someone else’s words or

thoughts, without giving proper credit. Examples include, but are not limited
to:

1. A direct quotation must be acknowledged and documented properly. The

sources of

information must be outlined in a list of works cited.

2. The source of all paraphrased or summarized material must be

acknowledged.

3. The work of others, whether in the form of ideas, laboratory results,

artistic work,

computer programs, etc. must be acknowledged

4. False or misleading citations of sources constitute plagiarism.

B. Cheating

Cheating is attempting to present as one’s own, work that one has not
performed, or using improper means to pass an examination. Examples
include, but

are not limited to:

1. The sharing of unauthorized information regarding specific content of

examinations

is not allowed, nor is the use of books, notes or other material without the

instructor’s permission.

2. The discussion of any aspect of the examination before all students has
completed

it.

3. Students may not speak or otherwise communicate with one another in

English or

any other language or manner during an examination.

4. A student may not submit work she has not done herself. This includes
papers,

projects, homework assignments, computer programs, etc.

5. Submission of the same paper or assignment, or material portions thereof,

for more

than one course is not allowed, except by both instructors’ approval and in

accordance with criteria established by each of them.

6. The falsification of research data.

7. Preventing student or faculty access to course material. This includes

mutilating or

stealing library material or disabling computer equipment or databases.

8. Using electronic devices such as cell phones or calculators to store

information or

materials that are not authorized by the instructor.

How and why do students cheat?

The human mind is endlessly inventive but here are the main reported forms
of

student dishonesty:

• Cheating in exams – either copying other students’ work or bringing in

unauthorized materials to help with answers. Strategies for doing this range
from

old methods such as smuggling in books or writing on the palm of one’s hand
to

the more difficult to detect storing information in the memory of the

calculator

or the use of mobile telephones or PDAs.

• Copying work from another student, or getting someone else to do the work
for

one.

• Fabrication, for example making up quotations or inventing false data, for

example inventing a survey which has not been sent out.

•Plagiarism, which has become much easier with the advent of the web, and
which

might take the form of (Harris, 2004):

– Downloading free papers from the Internet, or purchasing papers from

'paper

mills'.

– Copying from the web, or cutting and pasting chunks of web material into
the

student’s own work.

– Quoting an author’s words/phrases as if they were one’s own, and not

giving the

source (sometimes the student puts some of the author’s words, but not all
of
them, in the quote).

Students cheat for a number of reasons, some of which may be systemic or

cultural, such as the pressure to obtain a degree to meet others'

expectations or

change their station in life, or oversubscribed and under-resourced classes

which

means that they can ‘get away with it’, or even the perception of plagiarism
as a

mark of respect for authority.

C. Other violations may include:

1. Failure to follow any other explicit regulation or expectation announced by

the

instructor, and/or circulated to each student, is a violation of the Academic

Ethics

Policy. It is the responsibility of the student to confer with an instructor when

procedures are unclear.

2. It is a violation of the Academic Ethics Policy to falsify a signature on any

official

College document.

3. It is a violation of the Academic Ethics Policy to alter the contents and/or

intent of

any official College document.

4. It is a violation of the Academic Ethics Policy to intentionally or knowingly

help or

attempt to help another to violate any provision of this policy.97

D. Rights and Responsibilities

1. Student Rights
a. Students have the right to be treated fairly, impartially and promptly in
matters

related to Academic Ethics.

b. If a student disagrees with a faculty member’s actions under the Academic

Ethics

Policy, and is unable to arrive at a satisfactory resolution in discussions with

that

faculty member, she has the right to request in writing a hearing before the

Academic Ethics Council. Procedures for Academic Ethics Council hearings

are

available from the offices of Academic Affairs and the Registrar.

2. Student Responsibilities

a. Students must sign a statement during registration indicating that they

have read,

understand and will abide by the Academic Ethics Policy.

b. Students have the responsibility to adhere to appropriate rules of

documentation.

c. Students have the responsibility to notify an instructor of any knowledge

of

suspected academic dishonesty and are responsible for informing a faculty

member

or an academic administrator of alleged violations. The student should also

expect

the instructor to uphold the Academic Ethics Policy and to follow the
procedures

described below.

3. Faculty Responsibilities

Faculty must enforce the regulations and procedures in the Academic Ethics
Policy, and take appropriate action in case of violations, as briefly described
below.

4. Faculty Procedures

The faculty member first meets with the student suspected of violating the

Academic Ethics Policy in order to determine the facts of the situation and to
hear

the student’s explanation. If the faculty member believes an infraction has

occurred, within five business days of meeting with the student he or she
then writes

a letter to the student summarizing the incident, the discussion, and any
action the

faculty member has decided to take.

PROMOTING INTEGRITY

Most serious academics find dishonesty repugnant and integrity essential to

academic life. According to Calabrese and Roberts (2004), ‘integrity is at the

core

of all effectively functioning societies and organizations’, and is particularly

critical

in academia, a self-governing society where open discussion and democracy

should

prevail in all aspects of teaching, curriculum, and research (Gerber 2001,

quoted in

Calabrese and Roberts 2004).

Fundamental values of academic integrity

1. As a criminology student, how can you show Academic Ethics and Integrity?

Cite a scenario.

2. Make a poem with maximum of 5 stanzas that encourages fellow students

and individual to promote integrity and prevent from cheating, plagiarism

and other violations on Academic Integrity. (Use criminology words if

possible).

1. Honesty

• Academic communities of integrity advance the quest for truth and

knowledge

through intellectual and personal honesty in learning, teaching, research and

service.

2. Trust

• Academic communities of integrity both foster and rely upon climates of

mutual trust. Climates of trust encourage and support the free exchange of

ideas which in turn allows scholarly inquiry to reach its fullest potential.

3. Fairness

• Academic communities of integrity establish clear and transparent

expectations, standards, and practices to support fairness in the interactions

of students, faculty and administrators.

4. Respect

• Academic communities of integrity value the interactive, cooperative,

participatory nature of learning. They honor, value and consider diverse

opinions and ideas.

5. Responsibility

• Academic communities of integrity rest upon foundations of personal

accountability coupled with the willingness of individuals and groups to lead

by example, uphold mutually agreed-upon standards, and take action when

they encounter wrongdoing.

(https://www.palmer.edu/about-us/office-of-compliance/student-code-of-ethics/fundamental-values-of
academic-integrity/)