Report of genetics

Patient NAME : Mr SANJAY KALRA
DOB/Age/Gender : 56 Y/Male Report STATUS : Final Report

Patient ID / UHID : 9428494/RCL8761433 Barcode NO : HQ234734
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Whole blood EDTA
....
Sample Collected : Aug 24, 2024, 09:37 AM Report Date : Aug 24, 2024, 03:05 PM.
Test Description Value(s) Unit(s) Reference Range
Visit - Star Health - Package 12 (Male)

Complete Blood Count (CBC)
RBC Parameters
Hemoglobin 14.8 g/dL 13.0 - 17.0
Cyanide free spectrophotometry.
RBC Count 5.2 10^6/µl 4.5 - 5.5
Electrical impedance
PCV 44.4 % 40 - 50
Calculated
MCV 85.9 fl 83 - 101
Calculated
MCH 28.6 pg 27 - 32
Calculated
MCHC 33.3 g/dL 31.5 - 34.5
Calculated
RDW (CV) 16.6 % 11.6 - 14.0
Calculated
RDW-SD 41.5 fl 35.1 - 43.9
Calculated
WBC Parameters
TLC 7.5 10^3/µl 4 - 10
Electrical impedance and microscopy
Differential Leucocyte Count
Neutrophils 51.5 % 40 - 80
Flow-cytometry DHSS
Lymphocytes 34 % 25 - 35
Flow-cytometry DHSS
Monocytes 7.8 % 2 - 10
Flow-cytometry DHSS
Eosinophils 5.9 % 0-5
Flow-cytometry DHSS
Basophils 0.8 % 0-1
Flow-cytometry DHSS
Absolute Leukocyte Counts
Neutrophils. 3.86 10^3/µl 2-7
Calculated
Lymphocytes. 2.55 10^3/µl 1-3
Calculated
Monocytes. 0.59 10^3/µl 0.2 - 1.0
Calculated
Eosinophils. 0.44 10^3/µl 0.02 - 0.5
Calculated
Basophils. 0.06 10^3/µl 0.02 - 0.5
Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

Processing Lab :- Redcliffe Lifetech Pvt. Ltd., H-55, Sector-63, Noida, Uttar Pradesh - 201301
Page 1 of 26
Calculated
Platelet Parameters
Platelet Count 247 10^3/µl 150 - 410
Electrical impedance and microscopy
Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) 7.6 fL 9.3 - 12.1
Calculated
PCT 0.2 % 0.17 - 0.32
Calculated
PDW 13.2 fL 8.3 - 25.0
Calculated
P-LCR 17.2 % 18 - 50
Calculated
P-LCC 42 10^9/L 44 - 140
Calculated
Mentzer Index 16.52 % > 13
Calculated
Interpretation:
CBC provides information about red cells, white cells and platelets. Results are useful in the diagnosis of anemia, infections, leukemias, clotting
disorders and many other medical conditions.

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Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
ESR - Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate 5 mm/hr 0 - 12

MODIFIED WESTERGREN
Interpretation:
ESR is also known as Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate. An ESR test is used to assess inflammation in the body. Many conditions can cause an
abnormal ESR, so an ESR test is typically used with other tests to diagnose and monitor different diseases. An elevated ESR may occur in
inflammatory conditions including infection, rheumatoid arthritis ,systemic vasculitis, anemia, multiple myeloma , etc. Low levels are typically
seen in congestive heart failure, polycythemia ,sickle cell anemia, hypo fibrinogenemia , etc.
Reference- Dacie and lewis practical hematology

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HbA1C (Glycosylated Haemoglobin)
Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) 6.5 % <5.7

HPLC
Estimated Average Glucose 139.85 mg/dl Refer Table Below
Interpretation:
Interpretation For HbA1c% As per American Diabetes Association (ADA)
Reference Group HbA1c in %
Non diabetic adults >=18 years <5.7
At risk (Prediabetes) 5.7 - 6.4
Diagnosing Diabetes >= 6.5
Age > 19 years
Goal of therapy: < 7.0
Therapeutic goals for glycemic control
Age < 19 years
Goal of therapy: <7.5
Note:
1. Since HbA1c reflects long term fluctuations in the blood glucose concentration, a diabetic patient who is recently under good control may still have a high
concentration of HbA1c. Converse is true for a diabetic previously under good control but now poorly controlled. 2. Target goals of < 7.0 % may be beneficial in
patients with short duration of diabetes, long life expectancy and no significant cardiovascular disease. In patients with significant complications of diabetes,
limited life expectancy or extensive co-morbid conditions, targeting a goal of < 7.0 % may not be appropriate
Comments :
HbA1c provides an index of average blood glucose levels over the past 8 - 12 weeks and is a much better indicator of long term glycemic control as compared to
blood and urinary glucose determinations ADA criteria for correlation between HbA1c & Mean plasma glucose levels.
HbA1c(%) Mean Plasma Glucose (mg/dL) HbA1c(%) Mean Plasma Glucose (mg/dL)
6 126 12 298
8 183 14 355
10 240 16 413

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Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Citrate Plasma
....
Prothrombin Time (PT INR)
Prothrombin Time 14.2 sec 12.78- 16.42

Viscosity-based clot detection
Control (MNPT) 14.6 sec. -
PT (INR) Value 0.97 0.8 - 1.2
Interpretation:
1- The Prothrombin Time (PT) and International Normalized Ratio (INR) are measures of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation.
2- The INR is used only for patients on stable oral anticoagulant therapy. It makes no significant contribution to the diagnosis or treatment of
patients whose PT is prolonged for other reasons.
Increased PT times may be due to:

Factor deficiencies( X , II , V , I ), Coumadin (warfarin) therapy, Liver Diseases (Bile duct obstruction, Cirrhosis , Hepatitis), Hemmorhagic
Disease of the newborn, DIC, Malabsorption, Fibrinolysis, Vitamin K deficiency.
Interference in PT/INR:
Alcohol, antibiotics, aspirin, cimetidine, thrombin Inhibitors(Increase PT) Barbiturates, oral contraceptives, hormone-replacement therapy (HRT),
and vitamin K (Decrease PT).
Fibrinogen level
Fibrinogen level 297 mg/dL 200.00 - 400.00

Clauss method
Interpretation:
1. Results must be clinically correlated
2. Test conducted on Citrated plasma.
Fibrinogen (Factor I), a coagulation factor produced by the liver prolongs PT & PTT at low plasma concentrations usually <100 mg/dL.
Afibrinogenemia represents total absence of fibrinogen and is an autosomal recessive disorder causing mainly bleeding from umbilical stump & mucosa.
Hypofibrinogenemia shows decreased levels of fibrinogen with a milder pattern of bleeding. These are alsoassociated with recurrent miscarriage, antepartum and
postpartum hemorrhage.
Dysfibrinogenemia represents a qualitative defect in fibrinogen and is most commonly acquired due to liver disease.Fibrinogen is also an acute phasereactant that
rises sharply with conditions causing acute tissueinflammation or damage.
Decreased levels - Disseminated Intravascular coagulation, liver disease, massive transfusion, Dysfibrinogenemia & following thrombolytic therapy
Increased levels - Increasing age, female gender, pregnancy, contraception, post menopausal women, acute phase reaction & disseminated malignancy

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Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Citrate Plasma

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Patient ID / UHID : 9428494/RCL8761433 Barcode NO : ZE158130
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : FLUORIDE F
....
Glucose Fasting (BSF)
Glucose Fasting 93.7 mg/dL 70 - 100

Hexokinase
Interpretation:
Status Fasting plasma glucose in mg/dL
Normal <100
Impaired fasting glucose 100 - 125
Diabetes ≥126
Reference : American Diabetes Association
Comment :
Blood glucose determinations in commonly used as an aid in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes. Elevated glucose levels (hyperglycemia)
may also occur with pancreatic neoplasm, hyperthyroidism, and adrenal cortical hyper function as well as other disorders. Decreased glucose
levels (hypoglycemia) may result from excessive insulin therapy insulinoma, or various liver diseases.
Note
1.The diagnosis of Diabetes requires a fasting plasma glucose of > or = 126 mg/dL or a random / 2 hour plasma glucose value of > or = 200
mg/dL with symptoms of diabetes mellitus.
2.Very high glucose levels (>450 mg/dL in adults) may result in Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Page 7 of 26
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Serum
....
Blood Urea Nitrogen (Bun)
Blood Urea 23.39 mg/dL 18 - 55

Urease
Bun 10.93 mg/dL 6 - 20
Calculated
Interpretation:
1. The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test measures the amount of nitrogen in your blood that comes from the waste product urea. Urea is formed
in the liver when the body breaks down proteins and is eventually eliminated by the kidneys.
2. Low BUN levels can be caused by a variety of factors. Liver disease is a primary cause, as urea is produced in the liver, and any dysfunction
in this organ can lead to lower BUN levels. Malnutrition or a low protein diet can also contribute, as inadequate protein intake reduces urea
production. Overhydration, resulting from excessive fluid intake, can dilute the urea concentration in the blood. Additionally, pregnancy can lower
BUN levels due to increased fluid retention and changes in metabolism.
3. High BUN levels can result from various conditions. Kidney dysfunction is a primary cause, as impaired kidney function can reduce urea
elimination. Dehydration, which decreases fluid volume in the body, can also concentrate urea. A high protein diet can increase urea production
due to excessive protein intake. Heart failure can reduce blood flow to the kidneys, impairing their function. Gastrointestinal bleeding contributes
to high BUN levels by breaking down blood proteins in the digestive tract. Certain medications, such as corticosteroids and antibiotics, can
elevate BUN levels. Additionally, shock or severe stress can affect BUN levels by reducing blood flow to the kidneys.
Creatinine
Creatinine 0.72 mg/dL 0.6 - 1.3

Kinetic Alkaline Picrate
eGFR (CKD-EPI) 107.20 ml/min/1.73 sq m Normal Or High: >= 90
Mild Or Decrease: 60-89
Mild To Moderate Decrease:
45-59
Mild To Severe Decrease:
30-44
Severe Decrease: 15-29
Kidney Failure: < 15
Interpretation:
Creatinine estimation is done to assess kidney function. It is not dependent on dietary factors. Normal values are obtained in kidney diseases,
except in advanced renal failure and therefore its estimation is more valuable if coupled with clearance.

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Uric Acid
Uric Acid 4.79 mg/dL 3.7 - 7.7

Uricase
Interpretation:
Serum uric acid levels are very labile and show day to day and seasonal variation in some people. Levels are also increased by emotional stress,
total fasting and increased body weight. Serum uric acid levels are used to diagnose and monitor treatment of gout, monitor chemotherapeutic
treatment of neoplasms to avoid renal urate deposition with possible renal failure.

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Liver Function Test (LFT)
Bilirubin Total 0.53 mg/dL 0.2 - 1.2

Diazonium Salt
Bilirubin Direct 0.21 mg/dL 0.0 - 0.5
Diazo Reaction
Bilirubin Indirect 0.32 mg/dL 0.1 - 1.0
Calculated
SGOT/AST 17 U/L 11 - 34
Enzymatic [NADH (without P-5-P)]
SGPT/ALT 16.5 U/L < 45
Enzymatic [NADH (without P-5-P)]
SGOT/SGPT Ratio 1.03 % -
Calculated
Alkaline Phosphatase 104 U/L 50 – 116
Para-nitrophenyl phosphate (p-NPP)
Total Protein 7.29 g/dL 6.4 - 8.3
Biuret
Albumin 4.04 g/dL 3.5 - 5.2
Colorimetric BCG
Globulin 3.25 g/dL 2.3 - 3.5
Calculated
Albumin :Globulin Ratio 1.24 - 1.3 - 2.1
Calculated
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) 12.4 U/L < 55
L-Gamma-Glutamyl-3-Carboxy-4-Nitroanalide
Interpretation:
The liver filters and processes blood as it circulates through the body. It metabolizes nutrients, detoxifies harmful substances, makes blood clotting proteins, and
performs many other vital functions. The cells in the liver contain proteins called enzymes that drive these chemical reactions. When liver cells are damaged or
destroyed, the enzymes in the cells leak out into the blood, where they can be measured by blood tests Liver tests check the blood for two main liver enzymes.
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST),SGOT: The AST enzyme is also found in muscles and many other tissues besides the liver. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT),
SGPT: ALT is almost exclusively found in the liver. If ALT and AST are found together in elevated amounts in the blood, liver damage is most likely present. Alkaline
Phosphatase and GGT: Another of the liver's key functions is the production of bile, which helps digest fat. Bile flows through the liver in a system of small tubes
(ducts), and is eventually stored in the gallbladder, under the liver. When bile flow is slow or blocked, blood levels of certain liver enzymes rise:Alkaline
phosphatase Gamma-utamyl transpeptidase (GGT) Liver tests may check for any or all of these enzymes in the blood. Alkaline phosphatase is by far the most
commonly tested of the three. If alkaline phosphatase and GGT are elevated, a problem with bile flow is most likely present. Bile flow problems can be due to a
problem in the liver, the gallbladder, or the tubes connecting them. Proteins are important building blocks of all cells and tissues. Proteins are necessary for your
body's growth, development, and health. Blood contains two classes of protein, albumin and globulin. Albumin proteins keep fluid from leaking out of blood
vessels. Globulin proteins play an important role in your immune system. Low total protein may indicate: 1.bleeding 2.liver disorder 3.malnutrition
4.agammaglobulinemia High Protein levels 'Hyperproteinemia: May be seen in dehydration due to inadequate water intake or to excessive water loss (eg, severe
vomiting, diarrhea, Addison's disease and diabetic acidosis) or as a result of increased production of proteins Low albumin levels may be caused by: 1.A poor
diet (malnutrition). 2.Kidney disease. 3.Liver disease. High albumin levels may be caused by: Severe dehydration.

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Lipid Profile
Total Cholesterol 195 mg/dL <200

Enzymatic
Triglycerides 144 mg/dL <150
Glycerol phosphate oxidase
HDL Cholesterol 34 mg/dL > 40
Accelerator Selective Detergent
Non HDL Cholesterol 161 mg/dL <130
Calculated
LDL Cholesterol 132.2 mg/dL <100
Calculated
V.L.D.L Cholesterol 28.8 mg/dL < 30
Calculated
Chol/HDL Ratio 5.74 Ratio -
Calculated
HDL/ LDL Ratio 0.26 Ratio -
Calculated
LDL/HDL Ratio 3.89 Ratio -
Calculated
Interpretation:
Lipid level assessments must be made following 9 to 12 hours of fasting, otherwise assay results might lead to erroneous interpretation. NCEP recommends of 3
different samples to be drawn at intervals of 1 week for harmonizing biological variables that might be encountered in single assays.
National Lipid Association Recommendations Total Cholesterol Triglyceride LDL Cholesterol Non HDL Cholesterol
(NLA-2014) (mg/dL) (mg/dL) (mg/dL) (mg/dL)
Optimal <200 <150 <100 <130
Above Optimal 100-129 130 - 159
Borderline High 200-239 150-199 130-159 160 - 189
High >=240 200-499 160-189 190 - 219
Very High - >=500 >=190 >=220
HDL Cholesterol
Low High
<40 >=60
Risk Stratification for ASCVD (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease) by Lipid Association of India.
Risk Category A. CAD with > 1 feature of high risk group

B. CAD with >1 feature of very high risk group of recurrent ACS (within 1 year) despite LDL-C
Extreme risk group
<or = 50 mg/dl or poly vascular disease
1.Established ASCVD 2.Diabetes with 2 major risk factors of evidence of end organ
Very High Risk
damage 3. Familial Homozygous Hypercholesterolemia

Page 11 of 26
1. Three major ASCVD risk factors 2. Diabetes with 1 major risk factor or no evidence
of end organ damage 3. CHD stage 3B or 4. 4 LDL >190 mg/dl 5. Extreme of a single
High Risk
risk factor 6. Coronary Artery Calcium - CAC > 300 AU 7. Lipoprotein a >/= 50 mg/dl
8. Non stenotic carotid plaque
Moderate Risk 2 major ASCVD risk factors
Low Risk 0-1 major ASCVD risk factors
Major ASCVD (Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease) Risk Factors
1. Age >/=45 years in Males & >/= 55
3. Current Cigarette smoking or tobacco use
years in Females
2. Family history of premature ASCVD 4. High blood pressure
5. Low HDL
Newer treatment goals and statin initiation thresholds based on the risk categories proposed by Lipid Association of India
in 2020.
Risk Group Treatment Goals Consider Drug Therapy

LDL-C (mg/dl) Non-HDL (mg/dl) LDL-C (mg/dl) Non-HDL (mg/dl)
Extreme Risk Group Category A <50 (Optional goal <OR = 30) <80 (Optional goal <OR = 60) >OR = 50 >OR = 80
Extreme Risk Group Category B >OR = 30 >OR = 60 > 30 > 60
Very High Risk <50 <80 >OR = 50 >OR = 80
High Risk <70 <100 >OR = 70 >OR = 100
Moderate Risk <100 <130 >OR = 100 >OR = 130
Low Risk <100 <130 >OR = 130* >OR = 160
* After an adequate non-pharmacological intervention for at least 3 months.
References : Management of Dyslipidaemia for the Prevention of Stroke : Clinical practice Recommendations from the Lipid Association of India.
Current Vascular Pharmacology,2022,20,134-155.

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Calcium
Calcium Serum 8.75 mg/dL 8.4 - 10.2

Arsenazo III
Interpretation:
Elevated calcium value are associated with hyperparathyrodism, multiple myeloma, neoplasms of bone and parathyroid & conditions of rapid
demineralization, tetany & occasionally with nephrosis & pancreatitis. Severe nephritis & uremia may cause either elevated or lowered calcium
values. Decreased values of calcium are noted in hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, renal insufficiency, hypoproteinemia, malabsorption
syndrome, severe pancreatitis with pancreatic necrosis and pseudo-hypoparathyroidism.

Page 13 of 26
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Lipase
Lipase 38.3 U/L 13 - 60

Colorimetric
Interpretation:
Pancreas is the major and primary source of serum lipase though lipases are also present in liver, stomach, intestine, WBC, fat cells and milk.
In acute pancreatitis, serum lipase becomes elevated at the same time as amylase and remains high for 7-10 days. Increased
lipase activity rarely lasts longer than 14 days. Prolonged increase suggests poor prognosis or presence of a cyst. The combined use of serum
lipase and serum amylase is effective in ruling out acute pancreatitis.
Increased levels
1. Acute & Chronic pancreatitis
2. Obstruction of pancreatic duct
3. Non pancreatic conditions like renal diseases, acute cholecystitis, intestinal obstruction, duodenal ulcer, alcoholism, diabetic ketoacidosis
and following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Page 14 of 26
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Amylase
Amylase 104 U/L 28 - 100

Enzymatic colorimetric
Interpretation:
1. Amylase levels are significantly increased in patients with acute pancreatitis, pancreatic duct obstruction, carcinoma pancreas, ovaries, or
lungs, cholecystitis, macroamylasemia, renal disease, pancreatic pseudocyst, procedures like Endoscopic retrograde
cholangiopancreatography and acute alcohol poisoning.
2. In acute pancreatitis, elevated amylase levels usually parallel lipase concentrations, although lipase levels may take a bit longer to rise than
blood amylase levels and will remain elevated longer.
3. Amylase levels are raised in aspirin, diuretics, oral contraceptives, corticosteroids, indomethacin, ethyl alcohol and opiate intake
High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (Hs-CRP)
HIGHLY SENSITIVE C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (hs- 3.19 mg/L <1.00

CRP)
Immunoturbidimetric
Interpretation:
Cardio CRP In mg/L Cardiovascular Risk
<1 Low
1-3 Average
3-10 High
Persistent elevation may represent
>10
Non cardiovascular inflammation
Note: To assess vascular risk, it is recommended to test hsCRP levels 2 or more weeks apart and calculate the average
Comments:
High sensitivity C Reactive Protein (hsCRP) significantly improves cardiovascular risk assessment as it is a strongest predictor of future
coronary events. It reveals the risk of future Myocardial infarction and Stroke among healthy men and women, independent of traditional risk
factors. It identifies patients at risk of first Myocardial infarction even with low to moderate lipid levels. The risk of recurrent cardiovascular events
also correlates well with hsCRP levels. It is a powerful independent risk determinant in the prediction of incident Diabetes.

Page 15 of 26
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Rheumatoid Factor (RF), Quantitative
RHEUMATOID FACTOR, Quantitative 16.4 IU/mL <14

Immunoturbidimetry
Interpretation:
Approximately 85% of patients with Rheumatoid arthritis have detectable RA. It may also be seen in other medical conditions like Sjogren’s
syndrome and SLE.

Page 16 of 26
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Vitamin D 25 Hydroxy
Vitamin D 25 - Hydroxy 5 ng/mL Deficient <20

CMIA Insufficient 21 - 29
Sufficient 30 - 100
Interpretation:
25-Hydroxy vitamin D represents the main body reservoir and transport form. Mild to moderate deficiency is associated with Osteoporosis / Secondary
Hyperparathyroidism while severe deficiency causes Rickets in children and Osteomalacia in adults. Prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency is approximately >50%
specially in the elderly. This assay is useful for diagnosis of vitamin D deficiency and Hypervitaminosis D. It is also used for differential diagnosis of causes of
Rickets & Osteomalacia and for monitoring Vitamin D replacement therapy.

Page 17 of 26
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FT3 (Free Triiodothyronine 3)
T3, Free 2.42 pg/mL 1.58 - 3.91

CMIA
Interpretation:
1. Triiodothyronine (T3) is one of the two primary thyroid hormones the thyroid gland produces, along with thyroxine (T4). T3 regulates
metabolism, energy production, growth, and development throughout the body.
2. Free T3 refers to the portion of T3 that is unbound to proteins in the blood and is considered the active form of the hormone. It represents the
fraction of T3 available for cellular uptake and metabolic activity.
3. The free T3 blood test assesses thyroid function and diagnoses thyroid disorders, such as hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) or
hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid). It provides valuable information about the body's metabolic rate and thyroid hormone status.
FT4 (Free Thyroxine 4)
T4, Free 1.06 ng/dL 0.7 - 1.48

CMIA
Interpretation:
1. Free T4 is the unbound and active form of thyroxine, a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that helps regulate metabolism, energy
production, and overall growth and development. Interpreting free T4 levels helps diagnose thyroid function disorders.
2. Low free T4 levels, indicative of hypothyroidism, can result from several causes. Primary hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland itself
is underactive, often due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis, iodine deficiency, or thyroid surgery. Secondary hypothyroidism arises when the pituitary
gland fails to produce sufficient thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) to activate the thyroid, commonly due to pituitary disorders. Tertiary
hypothyroidism is caused by the hypothalamus failing to produce enough thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which leads to decreased
production of TSH and subsequently T4.
3. High free T4 levels, indicative of hyperthyroidism, can be caused by various conditions. Graves' disease, an autoimmune disorder,
overstimulates the thyroid gland, leading to excessive hormone production. Overactive thyroid nodules can also contribute to high free T4 levels
by producing excess hormone independently. Thyroiditis, an inflammation of the thyroid, can release stored hormones into the bloodstream,
causing elevated levels. Overmedication with thyroid hormone replacement can also result in high free T4 levels.

Page 18 of 26
TSH 3rd Generation
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (Ultrasensitive) 2.566 mIU/L 0.35 - 4.94

CMIA
Interpretation:
Pregnancy Reference ranges TSH
1 st Trimester 0.1 - 2.5
2 ed Trimester 0.2 - 3.0
3 rd Trimester 0.3 - 3.0
TSH levels are subject to circadian variation, reaching peak levels between 2 - 4.a.m. and at a minimum between 6-10 pm . The variation is of
the order of 50% . hence time of the day has influence on the measured serum TSH concentrations.
Primary malfunction of the thyroid gland may result in excessive (hyper) or below normal (hypo) release of T3 or T4. In addition as TSH directly
affects thyroid function, malfunction of the pituitary or the hypo - thalamus influences the thyroid gland activity. Disease in any portion of the
thyroid-pitutary-hypothalamus system may influence the levels of T3 and T4 in the blood. In primary hypothyroidism, TSH levels are significantly
elevated, while in secondary and tertiary hypothyroidism, TSH levels may be low. In addition, in the Euthyroid Sick Syndrome, multiple alterations
in serum thyroid function test findings have been recognized in patients with a wide variety of non-thyroidal illnesses (NTI) without evidence of
preexisting thyroid or hypothalami c-pitutary diseases.
Thyroid Binding Globulin (TBG) concentrations remain relatively constant in healthy individuals. However, pregnancy, excess estrogen,
androgen, antibiotics, steroids and glucocorticoids are known to alter TBG levels and may cause false thyroid values for Total T3 and T4 tests.
Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Total
Prostate Specific Antigen-Total (PSA-Total) 0.664 ng/mL 0 - 3.5

ECLIA
Interpretation:
1. Prostate specific antigen (PSA), a member of the human kallikrein gene family, is a serine protease with chymotrypsin-like activity.
2. The major site of PSA production is the glandular epithelium of the prostate. PSA has also been found in breast cancers, salivary gland
neoplasms, periurethral and anal glands, cells of the male urethra, breast milk, blood and urine.
3. The combined use of DRE (digital rectal examination) and PSA has been shown to result in an increased detection of early stage prostate
cancer.
4. PSA testing can have significant value in detecting metastatic or persistent disease in patients following surgical or medical treatment of
prostate cancer.
5. Persistent elevation of PSA following treatment, or an increase in a post-treatment PSA level is indicative of recurrent or residual disease.
PSA testing is widely accepted as an adjunctive test in the management of prostate cancer patients.
Increased Levels
Prostate cancer
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Prostatitis
Genitourinary infections

Page 19 of 26
Electrolytes (Na/K/Cl)
Sodium 139.2 mmol/L 136 - 145

ISE-Indirect
Potassium 4.86 mmol/L 3.5 - 5.1
ISE-Indirect
Chloride 106.05 mmol/L 98 - 107
Potentiometric
Interpretation:
An electrolyte panel, which typically includes measurements of sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chloride (Cl) levels, is a common blood test
that provides information about your body's electrolyte balance.
1. Sodium (Na):
1. Sodium is crucial in maintaining fluid balance in your body and is essential for nerve function and muscle contraction.
2. High sodium levels (hypernatremia) or low sodium levels (hyponatremia) can indicate various health conditions, including dehydration,
kidney problems, or hormonal imbalances.
2. Potassium (K):
1. Potassium is vital for proper muscle function, including the heart muscle and nerve function, as well as maintaining fluid and electrolyte
balance.
2. Abnormal potassium levels (hyperkalemia or hypokalemia) can indicate kidney dysfunction, dehydration, certain medications, or other
underlying health issues.
3. Chloride (Cl):
1. Chloride works closely with sodium and potassium to maintain fluid balance and proper pH levels in the body.
2. Abnormal chloride levels may occur alongside imbalances in sodium and potassium and can indicate dehydration, kidney problems,
respiratory issues, or metabolic disorders.
Healthcare providers typically order an electrolyte panel to evaluate and monitor electrolyte imbalances, diagnose certain medical conditions,
assess kidney function, or monitor treatment effectiveness. It's usually part of routine blood testing, especially in cases of dehydration, kidney
disease, heart conditions, or electrolyte disorders.

Page 20 of 26
Referred BY : Self Sample Type : Spot Urine
....
Microalbumin - Creatinine Ratio, Spot Urine
Microalbumin 36.1 mg/L

Immunoturbidimetric
Creatinine ,Urine 40.66 mg/dL 22 - 328
Microalbumin Creatinine Ratio 88.79 mg/g Normal <30
Calculated Microalbuminuria 30 to 300
Clinical albuminuria > 300
Interpretation:
1. Albumin is a protein normally found in the blood. Microalbumin is a small amount of albumin that can be detected in urine when kidney
function is mildly impaired. Elevated levels of microalbumin in the urine (microalbuminuria) may indicate early kidney damage, particularly in
individuals with diabetes or hypertension.
2. Creatinine is a waste product produced by muscles. The kidneys excrete it at a relatively constant rate. Measuring creatinine levels in urine
helps standardize the assessment of albumin levels and correct for variations in urine concentration.
3. The microalbumin-creatinine ratio spot urine test is used to screen for and monitor kidney damage, especially in individuals with diabetes or
hypertension who are at increased risk. It is a convenient and reliable test that provides information about kidney health without requiring a 24-
hour urine collection.
Microalbumin - Creatinine Ratio, Spot Urine
Microalbumin 36.1 mg/L

Immunoturbidimetric
Creatinine ,Urine 40.66 mg/dL 22 - 328
Microalb / Creatinine Ratio 88.79 mg/g Normal : < 30.0
Calculated Microalbuminuria : 30 - 300
Clinical Albuminuria : > 300
Interpretation:
1. Factors that may cause an abnormal Microalbumin Creatinine ratio ( independant of kidney damage) can be physiological like exercise within
24 hours, menstruation, pregnancy, benign postural proteinuria, water consumption & pathological like infection( UTI) , hematuria, fever,
marked hyperglycemia, cardiac decompensation, marked hypertension & poor metabolic control.
2. A randomly collected urine sample can be used, but is associated with greater variability because of variable urine output & albumin &
creatinine excretion. Hence , it is recommended that abnormal results be repeated using first morning sample.
3. As per ADA guidelines, 2020: Two to three specimens collected over a period of 3 - 6 months should be abnormal before considering a
patient to have albuminuria.
4. A high albumin/ creatinine ratio in persons with low muscle mass indicates low urinary creatinine more often than microalbuminuria.

Page 21 of 26

Page 22 of 26
Patient ID / UHID : 9428494/RCL8761433 Barcode NO : SI602057
....
Hepatitis C Antibody (HCV), Rapid Card
HEPATITIS C ANTIBODY (Anti-HCV) NON REACTIVE NON REACTIVE

Immunochromatographic
Interpretation:
RESULTS REMARKS
Reactive Reactive test result indicates presence of Hepatitis C virus infection
Non Reactive Non Reactive test result indicates absence of Hepatitis C virus infection
NOTE
1.The 4TH Generation HCV TRI-DOT detects anti-HCV in human serum or plasma and is only a screening test. All reactive samples should be
confirmed by supplemental assays like RIBA .Therefore for a definitive diagnosis, the patient's clinical history ,symptomatalogy as well as
serological data, should be considered. The results should be reported only after complying with above procedure.
2.A non reactive-results does not exclude the possibility of exposure to or infection with HCV.
3.Repeated false results may occur due to non-specefic binding of the sample to the membrane.
4.The presence of anti-HCV does not imply a HepatitisC infection but may be indicative of recent and /or past infection By HCV.
5.Patients with auto-immune liver diseases may show falsely reactive results.
6. False positive results may be observed in patients receiving mouse monoclonal antibodies, on heparin therapy, on biotin supplements for
diagnosis or therapy or presence of heterophilic antibodies in serum.
5. False negative reaction may be due to processing of sample collected early in the course of disease, Prozone phenomenon,
Immunosuppression & Immuno-incompetence.
Uses ꞏ
To diagnose suspected HCV infection in risk group.
Prenatal Screening of pregnant women and pre surgical/interventional procedures work up.
Hepatitis B Surface Antibodies (HBsAb)
Hepatitis B surface Antibody, Anti Hbs <2.00 IU/L > 10

ECLIA
Interpretation:
Reference range is defined as per CLSI guidelines and WHO International Standard for Anti-HBs
Interpretation :
RESULT IN IU/L REMARKS INTERPRETATION
<10 Non-Reactive Indicates absence of antibodies to Hepatitis B Surface antigen.
>=10 Reactive Indicates presence of antibodies to Hepatitis B Surface antigen.
Note :
1. Reactive test result indicates presence of antibodies to Hepatitis B Surface Antigen. Detection of Anti-HBs antibodies is observed in recent Hepatitis B viral infection, resolved Hepatitis B viral infection and after successful HBV
vaccination.
2. This assay does not differentiate between a vaccine induced immune response and an immune response induced by infection with HBV.
3. Non-Reactive test result indicates absence of antibodies to Hepatitis B Surface Antigen.
4. False positive results may be observed in patients receiving mouse monoclonal antibodies, on heparin therapy, on biotin supplements for diagnosis or therapy, presence of heterophilic antibodies in serum.
5. False negative reaction may be due to processing of sample collected early in the course of disease, presence of mutant forms of HBsAg and immunocompromised / immunosuppressed conditions.
6. Test conducted on serum.
Uses :
1. To determine immune status to HBV or disease progression in individuals infected with HBV
2. To determine if vaccination is needed
3. To determine if protective immunity has been achieved following a vaccination regimen.

Page 23 of 26
Patient ID / UHID : 9428494/RCL8761433 Barcode NO : SI602057

Page 24 of 26
Patient ID / UHID : 9428494/RCL8761433 Barcode NO : YB056399
....
Urine Routine and Microscopic Examination
Physical Examination
Volume 20 mL -
Colour Pale yellow - Pale yellow
Transparency Clear - Clear
Deposit Absent - Absent
Chemical Examination
Reaction (pH) 5.5 - 4.5 - 8.0
Double Indicator
Specific Gravity 1.015 - 1.010 - 1.030
Ion Exchange
Urine Glucose (sugar) Positive +++ - Negative
Oxidase / Peroxidase
Urine Protein (Albumin) Negative - Negative
Acid / Base Colour Excahnge
Urine Ketones (Acetone) Negative - Negative
Legals Test
Blood Negative - Negative
Peroxidase Hemoglobin
Leucocyte esterase Negative - Negative
Enzymatic Reaction
Bilirubin Urine Negative - Negative
Coupling Reaction
Nitrite Negative - Negative
Griless Test
Urobilinogen Normal - Normal
Ehrlichs Test
Microscopic Examination
Pus Cells (WBCs) 2-4 /hpf 0-5
Epithelial Cells 2-3 /hpf 0-4
Red blood Cells Absent /hpf Absent
Crystals Absent - Absent
Cast Absent - Absent
Yeast Cells Absent - Absent
Amorphous deposits Absent - Absent
Bacteria Absent - Absent
Protozoa Absent - Absent
Interpretation:
URINALYSIS- Routine urine analysis assists in screening and diagnosis of various metabolic, urological, kidney and liver disorders.
Protein: Elevated proteins can be an early sign of kidney disease. Urinary protein excretion can also be temporarily elevated by strenuous
exercise, orthostatic proteinuria, dehydration, urinary tract infections and acute illness with fever

Page 25 of 26
Patient ID / UHID : 9428494/RCL8761433 Barcode NO : YB056399
Glucose: Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus can lead to presence of glucose in urine. Other causes include pregnancy, hormonal disturbances,
liver disease and certain medications.
Ketones: Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus can lead to presence of ketones in urine. Ketones can also be seen in starvation, frequent vomiting,
pregnancy and strenuous exercise.
Blood: Occult blood can occur in urine as intact erythrocytes or haemoglobin, which can occur in various urological, nephrological and bleeding
disorders.
Leukocytes: An increase in leukocytes is an indication of inflammation in urinary tract or kidneys. Most common cause is bacterial urinary tract
infection.
Nitrite: Many bacteria give positive results when their number is high. Nitrite concentration during infection increases with length of time the
urine specimen is retained in bladder prior to collection.
pH: The kidneys play an important role in maintaining acid base balance of the body. Conditions of the body producing acidosis/ alkalosis or
ingestion of certain type of food can affect the pH of urine.
Specific gravity: Specific gravity gives an indication of how concentrated the urine is. Increased specific gravity is seen in conditions like
dehydration, glycosuria and proteinuria while decreased specific gravity is seen in excessive fluid intake, renal failure and diabetes insipidus.
Bilirubin: In certain liver diseases such as biliary obstruction or hepatitis, bilirubin gets excreted in urine.
Urobilinogen: Positive results are seen in liver diseases like hepatitis and cirrhosis and in cases of haemolytic anaemia.
*** End Of Report ***

Page 26 of 26
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Patient NAME : Mr SANJAY KALRA

DOB/Age/Gender : 56 Y/Male Report STATUS : Final Report

Visit - Star Health - Package 12 (Male)

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)

ESR - Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate 5 mm/hr 0 - 12

Reference- Dacie and lewis practical hematology

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

HbA1C (Glycosylated Haemoglobin)

Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) 6.5 % <5.7

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

Prothrombin Time (PT INR)

Prothrombin Time 14.2 sec 12.78- 16.42

Increased PT times may be due to:

Fibrinogen level 297 mg/dL 200.00 - 400.00

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

Glucose Fasting (BSF)

Glucose Fasting 93.7 mg/dL 70 - 100

Reference : American Diabetes Association

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

Blood Urea Nitrogen (Bun)

Blood Urea 23.39 mg/dL 18 - 55

Creatinine 0.72 mg/dL 0.6 - 1.3

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

Uric Acid 4.79 mg/dL 3.7 - 7.7

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

Liver Function Test (LFT)

Bilirubin Total 0.53 mg/dL 0.2 - 1.2

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

Total Cholesterol 195 mg/dL <200

Risk Category A. CAD with > 1 feature of high risk group

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

Risk Group Treatment Goals Consider Drug Therapy

* After an adequate non-pharmacological intervention for at least 3 months.

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

Calcium Serum 8.75 mg/dL 8.4 - 10.2

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

Lipase 38.3 U/L 13 - 60

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

Amylase 104 U/L 28 - 100

High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (Hs-CRP)

HIGHLY SENSITIVE C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (hs- 3.19 mg/L <1.00

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

Rheumatoid Factor (RF), Quantitative

RHEUMATOID FACTOR, Quantitative 16.4 IU/mL <14

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

Vitamin D 25 - Hydroxy 5 ng/mL Deficient <20

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

FT3 (Free Triiodothyronine 3)

T3, Free 2.42 pg/mL 1.58 - 3.91

FT4 (Free Thyroxine 4)

T4, Free 1.06 ng/dL 0.7 - 1.48

Booking Centre :- Visit Noida, .

TSH 3rd Generation

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (Ultrasensitive) 2.566 mIU/L 0.35 - 4.94

Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Total

Prostate Specific Antigen-Total (PSA-Total) 0.664 ng/mL 0 - 3.5

* End Of Report *