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EXP 5

The document outlines an experiment to determine the force constant of a helical spring by plotting a graph of load versus extension. It details the apparatus needed, the procedure for measuring the extension of the spring under various loads, and instructions for recording observations. The experiment concludes with calculations to find the spring constant and includes a viva voice section with definitions related to the experiment.

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gupta shubh
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14 views4 pages

EXP 5

The document outlines an experiment to determine the force constant of a helical spring by plotting a graph of load versus extension. It details the apparatus needed, the procedure for measuring the extension of the spring under various loads, and instructions for recording observations. The experiment concludes with calculations to find the spring constant and includes a viva voice section with definitions related to the experiment.

Uploaded by

gupta shubh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment-5

Aim: To find the force constant of a helical spring by plo ng a graph between load and
extension.
APPARATUS AND MATERIAL REQUIRED :

 A rigid support
 Spring
 A 50 g or 20 g hanger
 Six 20 g or 50 g slotted weight
 A fine pointer
 A vertical wooden scale
 A hook

Diagram:

PRINCIPLE:
When a load F suspended from the lower free end of the spring hanging from rigid
support increases its length by l, then
F ∝l
or
F=kl
Where K is the proportionality constant

K, the proportionality constant, is also known as the force constant or the spring constant
of the spring

From the above equation, it is clear that if l =1, F = K.

Hence, spring constant can be defined as the force required to produce a unit extension
in the spring.

PROCEDURE : ( No need to write in your prac cal file)

1. Suspend the spring from a rigid support and attach the pointer and the hook from its lower free
end.
2. Hang a 50 g hanger from the hook
3. Arrange the vertical wooden scale such that the tip of the pointer comes over the divisions on
the scale but does not touch the scale.
4. Note the reading on the scale and record it in the loading column against the zero loads.
5. Gently add a suitable load of 50 g or 20 g of slotted weight to the hanger. The tip of the pointer
moves down.
6. Wait for some time till the pointer comes to rest. Repeat step 4.
7. Repeat steps 5 and 6 till six slots have been added.
8. Remove one slotted weight. The pointer moves up. Repeat step 6 and record the reading in the
unloading column.
9. Repeat step 8 till the only hanger is left.
10. Record your observation as given below in the table.

OBSERVATIONS:
he least count of vernier scale is 0.1 cm.

Table for extension and load

S. No Load on Hanger (W) = Applied Reading of Position of the pointer Extension


Force tip
(l cm)

Loading Unloading Mean

(x cm) (y cm) z = (x+y)/2

1 0

2 50

3 100
4 150

5 200

6 250

7 300

Graph
Plot a graph between F and l with F along the x-axis and l along the y-axis. The graph is a
straight line as shown in the figure below.

NOTE: This graph is only for your reference, you have to plot the graph with the help of
the data collected by you in the lab

CALCULATION: ------
From the graph, it is seen that a change of F from B to C, produces a change of l from B to D.
In other words, 250 g of weight produces a 2.5 cm extension. From this given data, the
spring constant can be calculated as follows:
K = F/l = BC/AC = ------ g wt per cm
RESULT:.
The spring constant of the given spring is -------- g wt per cm.

PRECAUTIONS :

Viva Voice
1. What is a rigid body?

Answer: A body is said to be a rigid body when it doesn’t undergo any change in its
length, volume or shape on the application of force.

2. What is a deforming force?

Answer: A balanced force that produces deformation in a body is known as the


deforming force.

3. Define stress.

Answer: The restoring force exerted per unit area by the molecules of the deformed body
is known as stress.

4. Give the unit of stress.

Answer: The unit of stress is newton per metre square (N m –2).

5. Define the yield point.

Answer: The yield point is a stage beyond the elastic limit, up to which there is no more
extension but thinning of wire remains uniform.

6. Why do you remove kinks before starting the experiment?

Answer: If it is not removed, kinks opened by the load will show more extension.

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