Unit-2_6c973df62ee16b27cbea597617e966b2

Environmental Studies -
(C1UB320T)
BBA- Sem III
Syllabus Unit 2.
Public Awareness for Environmental Management- Need, Scope and Importance
• Definition, scope, importance, need for public awareness, Environmental

Management Systems its objectives, components, EIA,
• Natural Resources, Forest resource, use, exploitation, deforestation,
construction of multipurpose dams, effect on forests
• Water resources, use of surface and subsurface water; effect of floods, drought,
water conflicts,
• Energy resources, need to develop renewable energy, land resources, Land
degradation, landslides, soil erosion, desertification & case studies.
1.1 Environmental Awareness
Human life is affected directly or indirectly by the

changes that occur in the environment. Therefore,
it is essential to be familiar with different
environmental problems. Moreover,
environmental protection is beyond the capacity
of one individual, one institution, or one
government.
Many of the environmental problems are global
nature; therefore every citizen of the world need
to be actively participate in protecting global
environment. For active participation, public
awareness is essential.
Need of public awareness
The main objectives of creating pubic awareness regarding the
environment are:
• To identify various plants and animals and other components of

the environment that are endangered
• To take appropriate decision regarding the use of natural resources
• To conserve nature and natural resources for the betterment of

society from the point of view of social, cultural, and economic
development
• To adopt appropriate ways and means to solve existing environmental

problems
1. Growing
2.population
Poverty
3. Agricultural Growth
NEED FOR 4. Need for Ground water
5. Development and Forest
PUBLIC 6. Degradation of Land
AWARENESS 7. Reorientation of Institutions
8. Reduction of Genetic Diversity
9. Evil consequences of
Urbanisation 10.Air and water
pollution
METHODS OF PUBLIC AWARENESS
Environmental education: environmental education can be introduced
as a subject in schools and colleges. It is the most successful methods
for propagating environmental awareness.
Through mass media: mass media such as newspapers magazines,

radio, TV, etc., can play an important role in educating the masses
regarding environmental problems and issues.
Through organizing seminars and conferences: organizing meeting,

seminars and conferences at various levels may help in spreading
environmental information to general public. Awareness can also be
spreads by organizing various competition on environmental problems,
non-conventional energy sources, etc.
Entertainment: environmental awareness can also be propagated through
folk songs, street plays, documentaries, etc.
Science centres: establishing science centers in villages and remote

areas can be an effective way of disseminating information about
environmental problems, their causes, and control measures.
Involvement of public gures: the involvement of well-known

personalities and the effective use of the respected public gures in
media can be a portent way of increasing the understanding of the
importance of environmental issues and enforcement.
Institutions: There are various institutions, which are playing positive role
towards environment to make people aware regarding environment like
BSI (Botanical Survey of India, 1890), ZSI (Zoological Survey of India,
1916), WII (Wild Life Institute of India, 1982) etc.
Involvement of youth: young people comprise nearly 30 percent of the
global population and will be the decision markers of the future. Their
ideas about the environment will denitely shapes tomorrows world.
Awareness raising campaigns: such campaigns are often the most

successful when they are targeted at specic groups because
information can be tailored to the activities, needs and challenges of the
group. Therefore, involving organizations and communities in
environmental protection and enforcement can create a sense of
stewardship towards the environment, ease hardship through the
collaboration, and provide a forum for new ideas and greater participation.
Through print , broadcast, and internet media: the print, broadcast, and
internet media can be powerful medium in educating the public on
environmental matters.
The objectives of environmental education formulated at the UNESCO’s
Tbilisi Conference (1977) were as follows:
i) Awareness: To make people sensitive towards environment and associated

problems that arises due to its misuse.
ii) Knowledge: To help people gain experiences and basic

understanding of the environment and related problems.
iii) Skills: People must gain skills for recognizing and resolving environmental
problems.
iv) Attitude: Help people acquire values and feelings of concern for the
environment and encourage their participation in keeping our environment
clean and safe.
v) Participation: Provide an opportunity to get involved at all levels in the task

Indian Government initiatives towards public awareness and environmental
education
The Government of India with Ministry of environment, forest and climate change
(MOEFCC) has focused on environmental education and is undertaking
programmes that involve public contribution to keep our environment safe. Few
mentionable schemes are as follows:
1) The ‘Environmental Education, Awareness and Training (EEAT)

2) National Environment Awareness Campaign (NEAC)
3) National Green Cops (NGC)
4) Swach Bharat Abhiyan
Environmental Management Systems
Environmental Management Systems (EMS) are structured frameworks designed to
help organizations effectively manage their environmental responsibilities and impacts.
An EMS provides a systematic approach to identifying, managing, monitoring, and
improving an organization's environmental performance.
The EMS model is often based on the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle, also known as
the Deming Cycle or the Shewhart Cycle.
Plan: In this phase, the organization establishes its environmental objectives, targets, and
action plans to address environmental issues. This includes conducting environmental
assessments, identifying legal and regulatory requirements, setting environmental goals,
and developing procedures to achieve them.
Do: This phase involves implementing the plans and procedures established in the
planning phase. It includes training employees, allocating resources, and implementing
operational controls to ensure compliance with environmental policies and regulations.
Check: In this phase, the organization monitors and measures its environmental
performance against the established objectives and targets. This includes conducting
regular audits, inspections, and assessments to identify any deviations from the planned
objectives and to evaluate the effectiveness of the EMS.
Act: Based on the results of the monitoring and evaluation in the check phase, the
organization takes corrective and preventive actions to address any deficiencies or non-
conformities identified. This may involve revising policies and procedures, updating
training programs, or allocating additional resources to improve environmental
performance.
Objectives & Components of an EMS
The objectives of an EMS typically include:
Compliance with environmental regulations and legal requirements.

Reduction of environmental impacts and risks.
Conservation of natural resources.
Enhancement of environmental performance and reputation.
Integration of environmental considerations into business decisions and operations.
Objectives & Components of an EMS
The objectives of an EMS typically include:
Environmental policy statement.
Environmental risk assessment.
Objectives and targets.
Legal and regulatory compliance procedures.
Training and awareness programs.
Emergency preparedness and response plans.
Monitoring and measurement protocols.
Documentation and record-keeping systems.
Continuous improvement mechanisms.
EIA, key steps of EIA
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process used to evaluate the potential
environmental impacts of proposed projects, policies, programs, or activities before they
are implemented. The key steps of EIA typically include:
Screening: Identifying whether a proposed project or activity is likely to have significant
environmental impacts that require a comprehensive assessment.
Scoping: Defining the boundaries and key issues to be addressed in the EIA process,
including the selection of environmental indicators and the identification of potential
impacts and mitigation measures.
Impact assessment: Conducting a detailed analysis of the potential environmental
impacts of the proposed project or activity, including direct and indirect effects,
cumulative impacts, and alternatives.
Mitigation and management: Developing and implementing measures to avoid,
minimize, or mitigate adverse environmental impacts identified during the assessment
process. This may include changes to project design, operational controls, monitoring
programs, and mitigation plans.
Reporting and decision-making: Documenting the findings of the EIA process in a
comprehensive report, including recommendations for decision-makers. This report is
typically used to inform regulatory approvals, permitting decisions, and project planning.
Monitoring and follow-up: Implementing monitoring programs to track environmental
performance during project implementation and operation, and conducting periodic
reviews to assess the effectiveness of mitigation measures and the accuracy of impact
predictions.
Importance of EIA
The importance of EIA lies in its ability to:
• Identify and assess potential environmental impacts and risks associated with
proposed projects or activities.
• Inform decision-makers, stakeholders, and the public about the environmental
consequences of proposed actions.
• Facilitate the integration of environmental considerations into project planning and
decision-making processes.
• Promote sustainable development by identifying opportunities for avoiding or
minimizing adverse environmental impacts and enhancing positive outcomes.
• Enhance transparency, accountability, and public participation in environmental
decision-making processes.
Natural Resources
Natural Resources
Natural Resources
Forest Resources
Uses of Forest Resources
Forest Resources
Forest Resources
Forest Resources
Forest Resources
Forest
Resources
Forest
Resources
Water
Resources
Water
Resources
Water
Resources
Water
Resources
Water Resources
Water
Resources
Water
Resources
Water
Resources
Water
Resources
Water
Resources
Water
Resources
Case Studies
Case Studies
Energy
Resources
Energy
Resources
Energy
Resources
Energy
Resources
Energy
Resources
Energy
Resources
Energy
Resources
Energy
Resources
Energy
Resources
Energy
Resources
Energy
Resources
Energy
Resources
Energy
Resources
Energy
Resources
Energy
Resources
Land
Resources
Land
Resources
Land
Resources
Land
Resources
Land
Resources
Land
Resources
Land
Resources
End of Unit- 2

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Environmental Studies -

• Definition, scope, importance, need for public awareness, Environmental

Human life is aﬀected directly or indirectly by the

• To identify various plants and animals and other components of

• To take appropriate decision regarding the use of natural resources

• To conserve nature and natural resources for the betterment of

• To adopt appropriate ways and means to solve existing environmental

Through mass media: mass media such as newspapers magazines,

Through organizing seminars and conferences: organizing meeting,

Science centres: establishing science centers in villages and remote

Involvement of public gures: the involvement of well-known

Awareness raising campaigns: such campaigns are often the most

i) Awareness: To make people sensitive towards environment and associated

ii) Knowledge: To help people gain experiences and basic

v) Participation: Provide an opportunity to get involved at all levels in the task

1) The ‘Environmental Education, Awareness and Training (EEAT)

Compliance with environmental regulations and legal requirements.

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