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Earthing Calculation

The document outlines the calculation of the minimum cross-sectional area for earthing conductors according to IS 3043, providing a formula and an example for a GI earthing conductor. It also details the calculation of the number of earthing plates required based on soil resistivity and fault current, including an example for CI earthing plates. The calculations involve factors such as corrosion allowance and safety factors to determine the final required sizes and quantities of earthing materials.

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Sunil Gurubaxani
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18 views

Earthing Calculation

The document outlines the calculation of the minimum cross-sectional area for earthing conductors according to IS 3043, providing a formula and an example for a GI earthing conductor. It also details the calculation of the number of earthing plates required based on soil resistivity and fault current, including an example for CI earthing plates. The calculations involve factors such as corrosion allowance and safety factors to determine the final required sizes and quantities of earthing materials.

Uploaded by

Sunil Gurubaxani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Calculate Min.

Cross Section area of Earthing Conductor

Cross Section Area of Earthing Conductor As per IS 3043


Cross Section Area of Earthing Conductor (A) =(If x√t) / K
Where t= Fault current Time (Second).
K= Material Constant.
Example:
Calculate Cross Section Area of GI Earthing Conductor for System has 50KA Fault Current for 1 second. Corrosion
will be 1.0 % Per Year and No of Year for Replacement is 20 Years.
Cross Section Area of Earthing Conductor (A) =(If x√t) / K
Here If=50000 Amp
T= 1Second
K=80 (Material Constant, For GI=80, copper K=205, Aluminium K=126).
Cross Section Area of Earthing Conductor (A) =(50000×1)/80
Cross Section Area of GI Earthing Conductor (A)=625 Sq.mm
Allowance for Corrosion = 1.0 % Per Year & Number of Year before replacement say = 20 Years
Total allowance = 20 x 1.0% = 20%
Safety factor = 1.5
Required Earthing Conductor size = Cross sectional area x Total allowance x Safety factor
Required Earthing Conductor size = 1125 Sq.mm say 1200 Sq.mm
Hence, Considered 1Nox12x100 mm GI Strip or 2Nox6 x 100 mm GI Strips

Size of Earthing Conductor


 Ref IS 3043 &Handbook on BS 7671: The Lee Wiring Regulations by Trevor E. Marks.
Size of Earthing Conductor
Area of Phase Area of Earthing conductor (mm2) Area of Earthing conductor (mm2)
Conductor S(mm2) When It is Same Material as When It is Not Same Material as
Phase Conductor Phase Conductor
S < 16 mm2 S S x (k1/k2)
10. 16 mm2 < S < 35 mm2 11. 16 mm2 12. 16 x (k1/k2)
13. S > 35 mm2 14. S/2 15. S x (k1/2k2)
16. K1 is value of Phase conductor,k2 is value of earthing conductor
17. Value of K for GI=80, Alu=126,Cu=205 for 1 Sec

Calculate Number of Plate Earthing

The Earth Resistance of Single Plate electrode is calculated as per IS 3040:


R=ρ/A√(3.14/A)
Where ρ=Resistivity of Soil (Ω Meter),
A=Area of both side of Plate (m2),
Example: Calculate Number of CI Earthing Plate of 600×600 mm, System has Fault current 65KA for 1 Sec and Soil
Resistivity is 100 Ω-Meters.
Current Density At The Surface of Earth Electrode (As per IS 3043):
Max. Allowable Current Density I = 7.57×1000/(√ρxt) A/m2
Max. Allowable Current Density = 7.57×1000/(√100X1)=757 A/m2
Surface area of both side of single 600×600 mm Plate= 2 x lxw=2 x 0.06×0.06 = 0.72 m2
Max. current dissipated by one Earthing Plate = Current Density x Surface area of electrode
Max. current dissipated by one Earthing Plate =757×0.72= 545.04 Amps
Resistance of Earthing Plate (Isolated)(R)=ρ/A√(3.14/A)
Resistance of Earthing Plate (Isolated)(R)=100/0.72x√(3.14/.072)=290.14 Ω
Number of Earthing Plate required =Fault Current / Max.current dissipated by one Earthing Pipe.
Number of Earthing Plate required= 65000/545.04 =119 No’s.
Total Number of Earthing Plate required = 119 No’s.
Overall resistance of 119 No of Earthing Plate=290.14/119=2.438 Ω.

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