1.2 Limits and Their Properties

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Calculus Section 1.

2 Limits
-Estimate a limit using a numerical or graphical approach.
-Learn different ways that a limit can fail to exist. Homework: pages 55-58
-Learn how to write a limit. #’s 2, 5, 15-25, 58, 67-70

The limit is the value of f(x) as x approaches a certain number.

A limit is written as: where:


- lim is the abbreviation of the word limit
- means that the value of x is approaching a number c
- f(x) is the function
- L is a constant number and the value of the limit
This limit is read: “The limit as x approaches c of f(x) equals L” or “The limit of f(x) as x approaches c of f(x)
equals L.”

Example: Find the limit of a function numerically.

Find
x approaches 1 from the left x approaches 1 from the right
x 0.75 0.9 0.99 0.999 1 1.001 1.01 1.1 1.25
f(x)
Answer:

Example: Find the limit of a function graphically.

Find 

        









Answer:

Example: Graph and find the limit as x approaches zero of the function:
y


x

f(x)

x
Answer:
    


Observation about limit:

In general, the limit exists for a function if the left and the right limits approach the same number. This is
regardless

y
of whether the value of f(x) at the limit is equivalent to the limit or exists at all at that point.

x
Answer:
   

Limits that Do Not Exist




1) The __________ and


y
___________ limits are different.




     



 y

2) Unbounded Behavior 

 y 

 

 
x

           
 
x

         
 



3) Oscillating Behavior *Exception to Oscillating Behavior

y
y

 



x x

   





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