Bombay Scottish School, Mahim

PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT
SOCIOLOGY
Grade : 12 Max. Marks : 70
Date : 14.1.2025 No. of Questions : 12
Duration : Three hours No. of Pages : 05

READ THE INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY:

All the questions in Section A, Section B and Section C are compulsory.
The intended marks for questions are given in brackets. [ ]

SECTION A - 14 MARKS
Question 1

(i) In some communities in India, descent is traced through the female

ancestor. The pattern of descent referred to here is _____________. [1]

(ii) The Family of Origin denotes a family in which: [1]

(a) a woman enters through marriage.
(b) an individual is nurtured and shaped.
(c) members share ancestral lineage.
(d) traditional practices are emphasized.

(iii) Preserving and harmonizing with natural resources is essential rather

than exploiting them.
Identify the aspect of development this statement refers to. [1]

(iv) Anil is married to his father’s sister’s daughter.

Identify the rule of marriage in Anil’s case. [1]

(v) Assertion (A): Dormitories are widely prevalent in tribal India.

Reason (R) : Dormitories provide a cost effective housing option in tribal
regions of India. [1]
(a) Both Assertion and reason are true, and Reason is the correct
explanation for Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct
explanation for Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, Reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false, Reason is true.

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(vi) Tambi, an expectant father in a tribal community, begins to experience
rituals and restrictions traditionally associated with childbirth, such as
dietary limitations and mimicking labor pains. This practice is an example
of: [1]
(a) Amitate
(b) Teknonymy
(c) Avoidance
(d) Couvade

(vii) What is the difference between the concepts of sex and gender. [1]

(viii) Religion undermines human potential because: [1]

(a) It promotes superstitious beliefs.
(b) It creates confusion.
(c) It promotes evil practices.
(d) It makes people fatalistic.
(ix) The term Avunculus in Latin means __________. [1]
(a) Father's brother
(b) Mother's brother
(c) Paternal uncle
(d) Maternal Aunt

(x) Give any one example to show how social movements have shaped the
world we live in. [1]
(xi) On one hand this aspect of development is driven by advancements in
technology, communication, and transportation, enabling increased
trade, communication, and cultural exchange among nations. While on
the other hand, it has sparked debates about its impact on inequality,
cultural diversity, and environmental sustainability.
Identify the aspect of development. [1]

(xii) What is a potential advantage of the cultural practice of exogamy? [1]

(a) Reinforcement of social divisions and conflicts within closely
related groups.
(b) Increased risk of inbreeding and genetic disorders.
(c) Preservation of a homogenous cultural identity.
(d) Expansion of social networks and cooperation between diverse
communities.

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(xiii) In a field survey of the Santhal tribes located in central India, it was
found that most families worked in the mica and manganese mines. [1]
Which economic activity of tribes has been referred to in the above case?

(xiv) The Yanomami, a group of indigenous tribes living in the Amazon

rainforest, have a system of kinship that is complex, with distinctions
between maternal and paternal relatives, as well as specific terms for
uncles, aunts, and cousins, which are based on the individual's age and
generation relative to the speaker.
What system of kinship is being referred to here? [1]

SECTION B - 28 MARKS

Question 2
Explore any four features of social stratification. [4]

Question 3
How does industrialization contribute to the process of urbanization? [4]

Question 4
Handicraft making in tribal India is a vibrant expression of the rich cultural
heritage and artistic skills of indigenous communities. These crafts, often passed
down through generations, include intricate beadwork, pottery, weaving, wood
carving, and metalwork. Each tribe has its unique style and motifs, reflecting its
traditions, beliefs, and connection to nature. Handicraft making is not just an
artistic endeavor but also a source of livelihood for many tribal communities.
However, these crafts face challenges like competition from machine-made
products, lack of market access, and diminishing interest among the younger
generation.
What measures can be taken to ensure the sustainability of tribal handicrafts
in India? [4]

Question 5
Elaborate on the dysfunctions of religion. [4]

Question 6
What are the potential effects of sexual harassment on women? [4]

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Question 7

Observe the pictures of the two family setups and discuss the disadvantages of
each. [4]

Question 8
How does morality function as a form of social control? [4]

SECTION C - 28 MARKS

Question 9
How did Bronislaw Malinowski and A.R. Radcliffe-Brown's structural-
functional theories of religion emphasize its role in maintaining social stability,
and how do their views explain religion's function in alleviating anxiety and
reinforcing social cohesion? [7]

Question 10
Explore the features of social change [7]

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Question 11
In India, domestic violence against men is a growing yet under reported issue.
A study revealed that approximately 29 out of 1,000 men experience spousal
violence, with variations across states. Factors like socioeconomic status,
women's employment, and behavioral attitudes significantly influence these
cases. For instance, men in regions where women are more educated or
economically independent often report higher instances of violence. Despite its
prevalence, societal stigmas around masculinity and a lack of support systems
discourage men from seeking help or reporting abuse.
Source: Cambridge University Press & Assessment

1) What is the impact of Patriarchal ideology on men? [2]

2) What societal attitudes and stigmas contribute to the silence around
male victims of domestic violence? [2]
3) What measures can help address and reduce domestic violence against
men and women? [3]

Question 12
Analyze the image provided to trace the evolution of class structure from
primitive communal societies to the modern era, highlighting key transitions
and social changes. [7]

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