Prepared by Dereje Saifu

Real time and embedded system lab exercise

1. Program 1: LED light
In order to design and implement the project you should have to remember two
things:-
a. First open Microc pro for pic compiler for the code part and
b. Then open proteus 8 professional for schematic design part
Step 1
a. First open Microc pro for pic compiler

 Click on Project >> New Project

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 Click on Next
 Type your project name eg. Blinking_LED_PIC, Select the Project Folder path and
select Device name P16F877A

Note:- Space is not allowed in Project Folder.

 Click NextClick Finish

 Then type the following code under code editor

//Microc pro for pic simple led blinking program

//Cs Extension Student
//Date 16/06/2015
void main()
{
TRISB.F0 = 0; //Makes RB0 Output PIN
while(1) //Infinite Loop
{
PORTB.F0 = 1; //LED ON
Delay_ms(1000); //1 Second Delay
PORTB.F0 = 0; //LED OFF
Delay_ms(1000); //1 Second Delay
}
}
 Again Save the file Blinking_LED_PIC
 Click on BuildBuild
 If the Microc pro for pic code is correct it displays Finished successfully under error,
warning and hint box

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 If the Microc pro for pic code is correct, the compiler generate
Blinking_LED_PIC.hex file in the defined path
 For example the path of the above code in my project is
C:\Users\user\Documents\Real Time
Note:- Real Time is the folder created by myself for this project
Step 2
b. Then open proteus 8 professional schematic design
 Click on File
 New project wizard displayed
 Type project name e.g Blinking_LED_Pic
 Specify the path of your project e.g C:\Users\user\Documents\Real Time or
C:\Users\user\Documents or any other path

 Then click on Next>> Next>> Next>> Next>> Finish

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 Draw the following schematic design

 The pick the following device
 P16F877A
 CRYSTAL
 LED-YELLOW
 RESISTOR
 02013A220JAT2A

 After finishing the schematic design

 Right-Click on the pic P16F877A, select Edit properties

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 Edit component dialog box will displayed

 Click on program File select the hex file generated by Microc pro for pic compiler
 Click on Select file name folder

 Then select the Blinking_LED_PIC.hex file

 Click open
 Click ok

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 Finally click on Run the simulation button or DebugRun the simulation

c. t

 Wow know successfully accomplished the project.

 To stop the simulation click on stop the simulation button

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2. Program 2: Motor driving

Note:- do the same step (step1 and step 2) for the rest program 2… program n
a) Microc pro for pic code
void main()

CMCON = 0x07; // To turn off comparators

ADCON1 = 0x06; // To turn off analog to digital converters

TRISB = 0; // PORT B as output port

PORTB = 1; // Set RB0 to high

do

//To turn motor clockwise

PORTB.F0 = 1;

Delay_ms(2000); // 2 seconds delay

//To Stop motor

PORTB = 0; // or PORTB = 3 (3 = 0b00000011)

Delay_ms(2000); // 2 seconds delay

//To turn motor anticlockwise direction

PORTB.F1 = 1;

Delay_ms(2000); // 2 seconds delay

//To Stop motor

PORTB = 0; // or PORTB = 3 (3 = 0b00000011)

Delay_ms(2000); // 2 seconds delay

}while(1);

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b) Proteus 8 schematic design

 The device needed for this project
 02013A220JAT2A
 BATTERY
 CRYSTAL
 L293D
 MOTOR-DC
 P16F877A

3. Program 3: Clock
a. Microc pro for pic code
// LCD module connections
sbit LCD_RS at RB2_bit;
sbit LCD_EN at RB3_bit;
sbit LCD_D4 at RB4_bit;
sbit LCD_D5 at RB5_bit;
sbit LCD_D6 at RB6_bit;
sbit LCD_D7 at RB7_bit;

sbit LCD_RS_Direction at TRISB2_bit;

sbit LCD_EN_Direction at TRISB3_bit;
sbit LCD_D4_Direction at TRISB4_bit;
sbit LCD_D5_Direction at TRISB5_bit;
sbit LCD_D6_Direction at TRISB6_bit;
sbit LCD_D7_Direction at TRISB7_bit;
// End LCD module connections

unsigned short read_ds1307(unsigned short address)

{
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unsigned short r_data;

I2C1_Start();
I2C1_Wr(0xD0); //address 0x68 followed by direction bit (0 for write, 1 for read)
0x68 followed by 0 --> 0xD0
I2C1_Wr(address);
I2C1_Repeated_Start();
I2C1_Wr(0xD1); //0x68 followed by 1 --> 0xD1
r_data=I2C1_Rd(0);
I2C1_Stop();
return(r_data);
}

void write_ds1307(unsigned short address,unsigned short w_data)

{
I2C1_Start(); // issue I2C start signal
I2C1_Wr(0xD0); // send byte via I2C (device address + W)
I2C1_Wr(address); // send byte (address of DS1307 location)
I2C1_Wr(w_data); // send data (data to be written)
I2C1_Stop(); // issue I2C stop signal
}

unsigned char BCD2UpperCh(unsigned char bcd)

{
return ((bcd >> 4) + '0');
}

unsigned char BCD2LowerCh(unsigned char bcd)

{
return ((bcd & 0x0F) + '0');
}
int Binary2BCD(int a)
{
int t1, t2;
t1 = a%10;
t1 = t1 & 0x0F;
a = a/10;
t2 = a%10;
t2 = 0x0F & t2;
t2 = t2 << 4;
t2 = 0xF0 & t2;
t1 = t1 | t2;
return t1;
}

int BCD2Binary(int a)
{
int r,t;
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t = a & 0x0F;
r = t;
a = 0xF0 & a;
t = a >> 4;
t = 0x0F & t;
r = t*10 + r;
return r;
}
int second;
int minute;
int hour;
int hr;
int day;
int dday;
int month;
int year;
int ap;

unsigned short set_count = 0;

short set;

char time[] = "00:00:00 PM";

char date[] = "00-00-00";

void main()
{
I2C1_Init(100000); //DS1307 I2C is running at 100KHz

CMCON = 0x07; // To turn off comparators

ADCON1 = 0x06; // To turn off analog to digital converters

TRISA = 0x07;
PORTA = 0x00;

Lcd_Init(); // Initialize LCD

Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR); // Clear display
Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF); // Cursor off
Lcd_out(1,1,"Time:");
Lcd_out(2,1,"Date:");

do
{
set = 0;
if(PORTA.F0 == 0)
{
Delay_ms(100);
if(PORTA.F0 == 0)
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{
set_count++;
if(set_count >= 7)
{
set_count = 0;
}
}
}
if(set_count)
{
if(PORTA.F1 == 0)
{
Delay_ms(100);
if(PORTA.F1 == 0)
set = 1;
}

if(PORTA.F2 == 0)
{
Delay_ms(100);
if(PORTA.F2 == 0)
set = -1;
}
if(set_count && set)
{
switch(set_count)
{
case 1:
hour = BCD2Binary(hour);
hour = hour + set;
hour = Binary2BCD(hour);
if((hour & 0x1F) >= 0x13)
{
hour = hour & 0b11100001;
hour = hour ^ 0x20;
}
else if((hour & 0x1F) <= 0x00)
{
hour = hour | 0b00010010;
hour = hour ^ 0x20;
}
write_ds1307(2, hour); //write hour
break;
case 2:
minute = BCD2Binary(minute);
minute = minute + set;
if(minute >= 60)
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minute = 0;
if(minute < 0)
minute = 59;
minute = Binary2BCD(minute);
write_ds1307(1, minute); //write min
break;
case 3:
if(abs(set))
write_ds1307(0,0x00); //Reset second to 0 sec. and start Oscillator
break;
case 4:
day = BCD2Binary(day);
day = day + set;
day = Binary2BCD(day);
if(day >= 0x32)
day = 1;
if(day <= 0)
day = 0x31;
write_ds1307(4, day); // write date 17
break;
case 5:
month = BCD2Binary(month);
month = month + set;
month = Binary2BCD(month);
if(month > 0x12)
month = 1;
if(month <= 0)
month = 0x12;
write_ds1307(5,month); // write month 6 June
break;
case 6:
year = BCD2Binary(year);
year = year + set;
year = Binary2BCD(year);
if(year <= -1)
year = 0x99;
if(year >= 0x50)
year = 0;
write_ds1307(6, year); // write year
break;
}
}
}

second = read_ds1307(0);
minute = read_ds1307(1);
hour = read_ds1307(2);
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hr = hour & 0b00011111;

ap = hour & 0b00100000;
dday = read_ds1307(3);
day = read_ds1307(4);
month = read_ds1307(5);
year = read_ds1307(6);

time[0] = BCD2UpperCh(hr);
time[1] = BCD2LowerCh(hr);
time[3] = BCD2UpperCh(minute);
time[4] = BCD2LowerCh(minute);
time[6] = BCD2UpperCh(second);
time[7] = BCD2LowerCh(second);

date[0] = BCD2UpperCh(day);
date[1] = BCD2LowerCh(day);
date[3] = BCD2UpperCh(month);
date[4] = BCD2LowerCh(month);
date[6] = BCD2UpperCh(year);
date[7] = BCD2LowerCh(year);

if(ap)
{
time[9] = 'P';
time[10] = 'M';
}
else
{
time[9] = 'A';
time[10] = 'M';
}
Lcd_out(1, 6, time);
Lcd_out(2, 6, date);
Delay_ms(100);

}while(1);
}
b. Proteus schematic design
 Devices needed
 24AA00
 02013A220JAT2A
 3005P-1-101
 BATTERY
 Button
 CRYSTAL
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 DS1307
 LM016L
 MINRES47K
 P16F877A
 PULLDOWN
 PULLUP

4. Program 4: Segment
a. Microc pro for pic code
unsigned int Hex(int a)
{
switch(a)
{
case 1: return 0x06;
case 2: return 0x5B;
case 3: return 0x4F;
case 4: return 0x66;
case 5: return 0x6D;
case 6: return 0x7D;
case 7: return 0x07;
case 8: return 0x7F;
case 9: return 0x6F;

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case 0: return 0x3F;

}
}
void main()
{
int s = 0;
int d = 10;
CMCON = 0x07; // To turn off comparators
ADCON1 = 0x06; // To turn off analog to digital converters
TRISB = 0x00;
TRISD = 0x00;
do
{
PORTB = Hex(s%10);
PORTD.F2 = 1;
Delay_ms(10);
PORTD.F2 = 0;
PORTB = Hex((s/10)%10);
PORTD.F1 = 1;
Delay_ms(10);
PORTD.F1 = 0;
PORTB = Hex((s/100)%10);
PORTD.F0 = 1;
Delay_ms(10);
PORTD.F0 = 0;
if(d>0)
{
d--;
if(d == 0)
{
s++;
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d = 10;
}
if(s >= 999)
s = 0;
}
while(1);
}
b. Proteus schematic design
 Devices needed
 7SEG-COM-CATHODE
 9C08052A1002FKHFT
 02013A220JAT2A
 BATTERY
 BC548
 CRYSTAL
 P16F877A

5. Program 5: Interfacing LED

a. Microc pro for pic code
// LCD module connections
sbit LCD_RS at RC2_bit;
sbit LCD_EN at RC3_bit;
sbit LCD_D4 at RC4_bit;
sbit LCD_D5 at RC5_bit;
sbit LCD_D6 at RC6_bit;
sbit LCD_D7 at RC7_bit;
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sbit LCD_RS_Direction at TRISC2_bit;

sbit LCD_EN_Direction at TRISC3_bit;
sbit LCD_D4_Direction at TRISC4_bit;
sbit LCD_D5_Direction at TRISC5_bit;
sbit LCD_D6_Direction at TRISC6_bit;
sbit LCD_D7_Direction at TRISC7_bit;
// End LCD module connections
void main()
{
Lcd_Init(); // Initialize LCD
Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR); // Clear display
Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF); // Cursor off
Lcd_Out(1,1,"Welcome to Dello"); // Write text' Welcome to Dello ' in first
row
}
b. Proteus schematic design
 Devices needed
 02013A220JAT2A
 3005P-1-101
 BATTERY
 CRYSTAL
 LM016L
 P16F877A

//The End//
Thank you

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