NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

College of Education

SWITCH AND RELAY

Reporter: Agustin, Leah Mae S.

Cañete, Marjanie C.

Topic: SWITCH AND RELAY

* Explain the function of switches and relays in electrical circuits.

* Identify and locate the components of switches and relays in electrical circuits.

* Demonstrate attentiveness during learning activities related to switches and relays.

Materials:
PowerPoint Presentation

Time Allotment:
1 hour and 30 minutes

References:
 Technology, E. (2024, March 25). Different types of relays, their construction, operation & applications. Retrieved from

https://www.electricaltechnology.org/2018/12/what-is-relay-different-types-of-relays-its-operation-applications.html/amp

 Digital, P. (2024, January 31). What is the difference between relay and switch? Schneider Electric. Retrieved from https://eshop.se.com

 What is the difference between relay and switch. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.swartzengineering.com/blog/what-difference-between-

relay-and-switch

Procedure:

Introduction
 Greetings
 Prayer
 Checking of the Attendance
  Review of the Previous Topic

Activity/Motivation
“FIX IT SWITCH AND RELAY RACE ”
Materials Needed

 Prepared sentences with errors related to switches and relays

1. Divide the class into teams of four to six students..

2. Prepare sentences with errors related to switches and relays, ensuring that each team member will have a chance to correct one mistake.

3. Arrange students in a line, with students standing a few feet apart.

4. Give each student a card or paper with a sentence containing an error.

5. The first student in each team must correct the mistake in the sentence they are given.

6. After correcting the mistake, the student passes the card to the next teammate.

7. The next student corrects another mistake.

9. Then, the last student in each team runs to the front to complete the relay.

10. The team that completes the relay first with the most corrected errors wins.

11. Allow time for a debriefing session to discuss the activity, focusing on how it can help students understand switches and relays better.

Analysis
1. What specific aspects of the "Fix It Relay Race" activity contributed to increased motivation among participants?

2. How did the "Fix It Relay Race" influence participants' ability to set and achieve personal goals?

Lesson Proper
Introduction

In power generation, two terms that are used in specialty electrical switches and relays. A switch is an electrical device that is used to turn on or off the flow of electricity in a circuit, while a

relay provides control over the same flow. The primary difference between relays and switches lies in the way they operate. A switch will open or close the circuit, while a relay uses

electromagnets to control the flow of electricity. This allows for more sophisticated control over power distribution and protection from potential overloads.

SWITCH
An electrical switch is any device used to interrupt or change the flow of electrons in a circuit. The term "switch" typically refers to electrical power or electronic telecommunication circuits.

In simplest case, a switch has two pieces of metal called contacts that touch to make a circuit and separate to break the circuit. Each set of contacts can be in one of two states: either "closed"

meaning the contacts are touching and electricity can flow between them or "open" meaning the contacts are separated and non-conducting. Switches are classified according to the

arrangement of their contacts in electronics.

SWITCH TYPES BASED ON MECHANISM

Components Illustration

Single Pole Single Throw (SPST)

1. A single pole switch has two terminals

Its a simple on-off switch. This type can be used to switch the power supply to a

circuit.The single pole switch is the general purpose workhorse of switches. Single pole

switches turn a light, receptacle or device on and off from a single location. A

characteristic of a single pole toggle switch is that it has an on and off marking on the

switch.

Single Pole Double Throw

A SPDT switch has three terminals but at a time only two terminals can function in a

circuit. This switch can be on in both positions, switching on a separate device in each

case. It is often called a changeover switch.

For example, a SPDT switch can be used to switch on a red lamp in one position and a

green lamp in the other position.

2
Double Pole Single Throw

• A pair of on-off switches which operate together (shown by the dotted line in the circuit

symbol).

• A DPST switch is often used to switch mains electricity because it can isolate both the

live and neutral connections.

Double Pole Double Throw

• A pair of on-on switches which operate together (shown by the dotted line in the circuit

symbol).

• Circuit Symbol: A DPDT switch can be wired up as a reversing switch for a motor as

shown in the diagram.

DIP Switch

• DIP stands for Dual In-line Parallel

This is a set of miniature SPST on-off switches, the example shown has 8 switches. The

package is the same size as a standard DIL (Dual In-Line) integrated circuit.

• This type of switch is used to set up circuits, e.g. setting the code of a remote control.

3
 Types of DIP Switches

There are many types of DIP switches. Some of the most common are:

* Rotary Switch: Rotary DIP switches contain multiple electrical contacts one of which is selected by the rotating switch to align it with a number printed on the package.

* Rocker Switch and Slide Switch:The slide and rocker types, which are very common, are arrays of simple SPST (Single-pole single throw) contacts, which can be either on or off.

•Rocker Switch •Slide Switch

Most of these switches have an internal spring mechanism returning the button to its "out", or "unpressed "position for momentary operation.

•Some switches will latch alternately on or off with every push of the button.

•Other will stay in their "in" or "pressed" position until the button is pulled back out.

RELAY
• Relays are often used to protect large electrical systems from overloads, as they can be configured to automatically disconnect when too much power is running through a circuit. Similarly,

relays can be used to distribute power in multiple directions. This allows the power generated by one source to be used in various places while still providing protection from potential

overloads.

• Relays are electrically operated switches that open and close the circuits by receiving electrical signals from outside sources.

• Some people may associate “relay” with a racing competition where members of the team take turns passing batons to complete the race.

The “relays” embedded in electrical products work in a similar way; they receive an electrical signal and send the signal to other equipment by turning the switch on and off.

Magnetic latching relay styles are also common, and these relays can be used long distances in order to turn circuits on and off. This allows for remote control of devices and systems over

large areas, making them a popular choice in industries that require multiple signals or devices to be controlled from one location.

The Three Actions of Electrical Relays

Types Illustration

4
1. The relay permits a small amount of electrical current to control high current

loads.

5
 2. The relay sends different types of electrical signals.

3. The relay drives multiple outputs with only one input.

Types of Relay Based On Their Poles and Throw

• SPST Relay

• SPDT Relay

• DPST Relay

• DPDT Relay

Application
“Speedy Mind”

Directions:

• Divide the class into small

teams of 4-5 students each.

• Write a list of vocabulary

words related to the Switch

and Relay topic on the board

or provide each team with a

list.

• One student from each team

will start by writing a word

related to the Switch and

Relay topic on a piece of

paper or whiteboard marker.

• The teacher will then start

the timer (e.g., 60 seconds)

and the next student in each

team will have to write a word related to the word their teammate wrote, but not the same word.

• This process continues until the timer goes off.

6
• The teacher will then review each team's words and award points for creativity, relevance, and originality.

• The team with the most points at the end of the game wins.

Post Test
Directions: Read and understand the questions carefully. Select the letter of the correct answer and write it in the blank provided before the number. ANY

ALTERATIONS OR ERASURES WILL BE CONSIDERED INCORRECT.

_______1. In which of the following scenarios would a relay be most commonly used?

a. Turning on a small LED light

b. Controlling the power to an industrial machine

c. Operating a computer keyboard

d. Adjusting the volume on a stereo system

_______2. What is the primary function of a switch in an electrical circuit?

a. To generate a magnetic field

b. To control the flow of electricity

c. To amplify electrical signals

d. To store electrical energy

_______ 3. Which component of a relay is responsible for generating the magnetic field required for actuation?

a. Contacts

b. Armature

c. Coil

d. Solenoid

_______4. What distinguishes a power relay from a regular relay?

a. Power relays are used for low-power applications

b. Regular relays use electronics for switching

c. Power relays control high-power circuits

c. Regular relays are solid-state relays

_______5. What is the most basic type of relay contact that can control only one circuit?

A) Single Pole Single Throw (SPST)

B) Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT)

C) Double Pole Single Throw (DPST)

D) Double Pole Double Throw (DPDT)

_______6.Which type of relay contact allows for the connection of two outputs to a single input?

A) Single Pole Single Throw (SPST)

B) Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT)

C) Double Pole Single Throw (DPST)

D) Double Pole Double Throw (DPDT)

_______8. It can control two circuits while the double throw means each pole can conduct in two separate positions.

A) Single Pole Single Throw (SPST)

B) Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT)

C) Double Pole Single Throw (DPST)

D) Double Pole Double Throw (DPDT)

_______9. What is the most flexible type of relay that can control two separate circuits with two conductive positions each?

A) Single Pole Single Throw (SPST)

B) Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT)

C) Double Pole Single Throw (DPST)

D) Double Pole Double Throw (DPDT)

Answer: D) Double Pole Double Throw (DPDT)

_______10.What is the most basic type of relay contact that can control only one circuit?

A) Single Pole Single Throw (SPST)

B) Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT)

C) Double Pole Single Throw (DPST)

D) Double Pole Double Throw (DPDT)

_______11. Which type of relay contact allows for the connection of two outputs to a single input?

A) Single Pole Single Throw (SPST)

B) Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT)

7
C) Double Pole Single Throw (DPST)

D) Double Pole Double Throw (DPDT)

_______12. What is the main function of a relay?

a) Amplification

b) Switching

c) Conversion

d) Protection

_______13. How many Actions of Electrical Relays?

a. 5

b. 1

c. 3

d. 4

_______14. A device used to interrupt or change the flow of electrons in a circuit.

a. Single Pole Single Throw

b. Switch

c. Double Pole Single Throw

d. Relay

_______15. Used to protect large electrical systems from overloads

a. Double Pole Single Throw

b. Relay

c. Single Pole Single Throw

d. Switch

Closing
"The measure of intelligence is the ability to change"

- Albert Einstein

Prepared by:

Agustin, Leah Mae S.

Cañete, Marjanie C.

Submitted to:

Eduardo K. De Guzman

Instructor, IEIA 12