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SteelPresentation-1

The document discusses bending stresses in beams, detailing the relationships between bending moment, section modulus, and allowable bending stress for different types of beam sections. It provides formulas for calculating bending stress for laterally supported and unsupported beams, as well as methods for determining moment of inertia, section modulus, and radius of gyration for specific steel beam dimensions. Additionally, it includes examples of beam loading and selection based on flexural stress limits.

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galleriapersonal07
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9 views14 pages

SteelPresentation-1

The document discusses bending stresses in beams, detailing the relationships between bending moment, section modulus, and allowable bending stress for different types of beam sections. It provides formulas for calculating bending stress for laterally supported and unsupported beams, as well as methods for determining moment of inertia, section modulus, and radius of gyration for specific steel beam dimensions. Additionally, it includes examples of beam loading and selection based on flexural stress limits.

Uploaded by

galleriapersonal07
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BENDING STRESS

The stresses caused by the bending moment are known as


bending or flexure stresses, and the relation between these
stresses and bending moment is expressed by the flexure.
A ) LATERALLY SUPPORTED BEAMS
fb= M/S
fb=bending stress
S=section modulus
M= bending moment
1. Compact sections
Fb = 0.66Fy
Fb= allowable bending stress
Fy= yield stress, unit tensile stress
Flange width-thickness ratio:

𝒃𝒇 𝟏𝟕𝟎
≤
𝟐𝒕𝒇 √𝑭𝒚
bf= flange width, mm
tf = flange thickness, mm
Web depth- thickness ratio:
𝒅 𝟏𝟔𝟖𝟎
≤
𝒕𝒘 √𝑭𝒀
d= depth, mm
tw= web thickness, mm
2.Non – compact section:

Fb= 0.60 Fy
Flange width –thickness ratio:
𝒃𝒇 𝟏𝟕𝟎
≥
𝟐𝒕𝒇 √𝑭𝒚
3. Partially Compact Section:
𝒃𝒇
Fb=Fy[0.79-0.000762
𝟐𝒕𝒇
𝑭𝒚

Flange width-thickness ratio:


𝒃𝒇 𝟏𝟕𝟎 𝒃𝒇 𝟐𝟓𝟎
> <
𝟐𝒕𝒇 √𝑭𝒚 𝟐𝒕𝒇 √𝑭𝒚

When Lb<Lc
𝟐𝟎𝟎𝒃𝒇
1. Lc = √𝑭𝒚
Use Fb= 0.66Fy
Lb= distance between cross-sections braced against twist and
lateral displacements of the compression flange
Lu=unsupported length, bigger value
Lc= clear distance in the direction , smaller value
2. When Lb> Lu
𝟏𝟑𝟖𝟎𝟎
Lu= 𝒅 use Fb=0.60 Fy
𝑭𝒚
𝒃𝒇𝒕𝒇

3. When Lb >Lc and Lb< Lu


𝒃𝒇
Use Fb =Fy [0.79 – 0.00076 √𝑭𝒚
𝟐𝒕𝒇
B) LATERALLY UNSUPPORTED BEAMS
1. When L > Lc L> Lu
𝟕𝟎𝟑𝟎𝟎𝑪𝒃 𝑳𝒓 𝟑𝟓𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑪𝒃
𝑭𝒚
< 𝒓𝑻< 𝑭𝒚

𝑳
𝟐 𝑭𝒚 𝟐
𝒓𝑻
Fb=[ -
𝟑 𝟏𝟎.𝟓𝟓 𝒙𝟏𝟎⁶𝑪𝒃
] Fy

𝟖𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎𝑪𝒃
Fb = 𝑳𝒅
𝒃𝒇 𝒕𝒇

Use biggest value of Fb but should be < 0.60 Fy


2. L > Lc L> Lu
𝟕𝟎𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝑪𝒃 𝑳 𝟑𝟓𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝑪𝒃
< <
𝑭𝒚 𝒓𝒕 𝑭𝒚

𝟏𝟏𝟕𝟎 𝒙 𝟏𝟎³
Fb= 𝑳
( )²
𝒓𝑻

𝟖𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝑪𝒃
Fb = 𝑳𝒅
𝒃𝒇 𝒕𝒇

Use biggest value of Fb but should be < 0.60Fy

𝑰𝒚
rt = 𝑨
𝟏 𝟏
A = Af + 𝟔 Aw A= bf tf + 𝟔 h tw
𝒉
𝒕𝒇 𝒃𝒇³ ( 𝒕𝒘)³ 𝑰
𝟑
I = 𝟏𝟐 + 𝟏𝟐
rt = 𝑨

I =Iy ( approximately )
𝟏.𝟎𝟓 𝑴𝟏 𝑴𝟏
Cb= 1.75 + 𝑴𝟐 + 0.30 ( 𝑴𝟐 )²

Cb = 2.3 max. value


Cb= bending coefficient dependent on moment gradient
A W 775 x 287 steel beam has the following dimensions:

H= 775mm total beam depth


tw= 19mm web thickness
b= 360mm flange width
tf= 32mm flange thickness

a)Determine the moment of inertia with respect to the X-axis.


b)Determine the section modulus with respect to x-axis.
c)Determine the radius of gyration with respect to x-axis.
d)Determine the moment of inertia with respect to the y-axis.
e)Determine the section modulus with respect to y-axis.
f)Determine the radius of gyration with respect to y-axis.
a) Moment of Inertia to the X-axis
2 𝒃𝒅³
Ix= ∑( 𝑰𝒈 + 𝑨𝒅 ) I=
𝟏𝟐
𝟑𝟔𝟎 ( 𝟕𝟓𝟓 )³ 𝟑𝟒𝟏 ( 𝟔𝟗𝟏)³
Ix = –
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐
Ix = 3,535,289, 124 mm⁴

b) Section Modulus to the X –axis


𝑰𝒙
Sx=
𝑪𝒙

𝟑,𝟓𝟑𝟓,𝟐𝟖𝟗𝟏𝟐𝟒
Sx = = 9,365,004 mm³
𝟑𝟕𝟕.𝟓

c) Radius of Gyration to the X-axis

𝑰𝒙 𝟑,𝟓𝟑𝟓,𝟐𝟖𝟗,𝟏𝟐𝟒
rt = = = 97,743 mm
𝑨𝒕 𝟑𝟔𝟏𝟔𝟗
a) Moment of inertia to the Y-axis

𝒅𝒃³
Iy = ∑( 𝑰𝒈 + 𝑨𝒅2 ) Iy =
𝟏𝟐

𝟕𝟓𝟓 (𝟑𝟔𝟎)³ (𝟔𝟗𝟏)(𝟑𝟒𝟏)³


Iy = -
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐

Iy = 652,155,974 mm⁴

b) Section modulus to the Y-axis

𝑰𝒚 𝟔𝟓𝟐,𝟏𝟓𝟓,𝟗𝟕𝟒
Sy = = = 3, 623,088 mm³
𝑪𝒚 𝟏𝟖𝟎

c) Radius of gyration to the Y-axis

𝑰𝒚 𝟔𝟓𝟐,𝟏𝟓𝟓,𝟗𝟕𝟒
ry= 𝑨𝒕
= 𝟑𝟔,𝟏𝟔𝟗
= 18,031 mm
A section of steel wide flange as shown, it laterally supported. The
yield strength is Fy= 250 Mpa. Determine the allowablbe bending
stress and if it is a compact or non-compact section.

Solution:
𝒅 𝟏𝟔𝟖𝟎
If < Compact Section Use: Fb= 0.66FY
𝒕𝒘 𝑭𝒚
d= 755mm
tw=19 mm
𝟕𝟓𝟓 𝟏𝟔𝟖𝟎
<
𝟏𝟗 𝟐𝟓𝟎
39.74 < 106.25
Use Fb= 0.66(250)
Fb= 165 Mpa
A 10 m. beam simply supported at the end carries auniformly
distributed load of 16 Kn/m over its entire length.
16 Kn/m

10 m
Which of the following give the lightest W shape beam that will
not exceed a flexural stress of 120 Mpa ?
a. W 610 x 82 Sx = 1870 x 10 mm³
A = 10400 mm² ω = 81.9 kg/m
b. W530 x 85 Sx = 1810 x 10 mm³
A = 10800 mm² ω = 84.4 kg/m
c. W 460 x 82 Sx = 1610 x 10 mm³
A = 10400 mm² ω = 81.9 kg/m
d. W = 360 x 79 Sx = 1280 x 10 mm³
A = 10100 mm² ω = 79.3 kg/m
16.828 10 ²
M= = 210.35kn.m
8
M= 200 kn.m 210.35 𝑥 10⁶
S=
𝑀 120
S= S = 1,752,916 mm³
𝑓
200 𝑥 10⁶ S= 1,753 x 10³< 1810 x 10³ mm³
S= Safe
120
S = 1667 x 10³ Actual max. stress in beam:
Try W 530 x 85 𝑀
f=
Sx = 1810 x 10³ 𝑆
ω = 84.4 kg/m 210.35 𝑥 10⁶
f=
wt of beam =84.4 ( 9.81) 1810 𝑥 10³
f = 116.22 Mpa
Wt of beam = 827.96 say 828 N/m

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