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The Direct Method focuses on teaching a target language through direct association with meaning, avoiding translation and the native language. Key features include oral presentation of material, inductive grammar teaching, and an emphasis on vocabulary and pronunciation from the start. Techniques such as reading aloud, self-correction, conversation practice, and dictation are employed to enhance language skills in reading, writing, speaking, and listening.

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Stuvie Huỳnh Kim
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5 views

DM

The Direct Method focuses on teaching a target language through direct association with meaning, avoiding translation and the native language. Key features include oral presentation of material, inductive grammar teaching, and an emphasis on vocabulary and pronunciation from the start. Techniques such as reading aloud, self-correction, conversation practice, and dictation are employed to enhance language skills in reading, writing, speaking, and listening.

Uploaded by

Stuvie Huỳnh Kim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 2: Direct/Natural Method

I/ Definition
• The Direct Method emphasizes direct association between
the target language and meaning, without relying on translation
or the learner's native language.

OBJECTIVES
•how to communicate in the target language (L2)
•how to think in L2
II/ Key features
1. Lessons begin with a brief anecdote or dialogue in the target
language, and in modern conversational style.
2. The material is first presented orally with actions or pictures.
3. The mother tongue is never used.
4. The preferred type of exercise is a series of questions in the
target language based on the anecdote or dialogue, anc
answered in the target language.
5. Verbs are used first and systematically conjugated much later.
6. Advanced students read literature for comprehension and
pleasure.
7. The culture associated with the target language is also taught
inductively.

How vocabulary is taught


Meaning of vocabulary is demonstrated through the use of:
• Realia
• Pantomime (= mime)
• Pictures
• Examples
• Sentence samples
• Direct relation between form & meaning

How grammar is taught


• Inductively (examples & drills)
• Ss are expected to discover & acquire the rules.
• Drills like chain drills, yes/no question, question drills help Ss
induce the rules.

Language skills/areas
• Skills:
• Reading, writing, speaking & listening from the start as oral
communication is seen as a basic.
• Reading/Writing based upon what Students practice orally
first.
• Areas:
• Pronunciation receives attention from the beginning of the
course.
• Vocabulary is emphasized over grammar
Treatment of errors
• Various techniques employed by the teacher
• Getting students to self-correct wherever possible
III/ Techniques

1/ Reading aloud
•Students read sections of passages, plays or dialogs out loud
•The teacher uses gestures, pictures, realia, examples, or
other means to make the meaning of the section clear.
2/ Self-correction
• Teacher facilitates opportunities for students to self correct
using follow-up questions, tone, etc.

3/ Conversation practice
• The teacher:
•asks the students questions in the target language which
contained a certain grammar structure
•then let students ask questions with each other with the
same sentence patterns
•Finally, let student have free talk.
4/ Fill-in-blank exercise
• Items use target language only and inductive rather than
explicit grammar rules.

5/ Dictation
• Teacher reads passage aloud various amount of times at
various tempos, students write down what they hear
•First time: a normal speed
•Second time: phrase by phrase
•Last time normal speed again.
6/Map drawing
• A map with unnamed geographical features. The teacher
gives directions and students label the map. Then change the
roles.

7/ Paragraph writing
• Students write paragraphs in their own words using the
target language and various models

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