...

Vishal
Vishal
 ....

Chapter 1 Units & Measurements

NCERT-Picks

mean absolute error a mean

Application of Dimensions 3. Relative error 
mean value

an
a mean
4. Percentage error   100%
FORMULAS an
1. To check the correctness of an equation Numerical Profile
Dimensions on LHS = Dimensions on RHS
Propagation of errors under different cases
2. Conversion of one system of units into another for which
(i) Propagation of error due to addition of physical
we use
quantities
Let, Z = A + B
a b c
M  L  T 

n 2  n1  1   1   1 
 M 2   L 2   T2  ⇒ Z ± DZ = (A ± DA) + (B ± DB)
Max. Possible error in Z is given by
[n2 and n1 is the numerical value] DZ = DA + DB
a, b, c is constant ∆A + ∆B
Relative error in Z =
A+B
[where M, L and T is mass, length and time]
∆A + ∆B
Percentage error= in Z × 100
A+B
Error & Measurement, (ii) Propagation of error due to subtraction of physical
quantities
Significant Figures
Let Z = A – B
Z ± DZ = (A ± DA) – (B ± DB)
FORMULAS Maximum Possible error in Z is given by
Different types of Error DZ = DA + DB
1. Absolute error ∆A + ∆B
Relative error in Z =
Absolute error = |True value - measured value| A−B
∆A + ∆B
Dai = |amean – ai| Percentage error= in Z × 100
A−B
The absolute error is always taken as positive.
(iii) Propagation of error due to Multiplication of physical
2. Mean absolute error - The arithmetic mean of all the
quantities
absolute errors is known as the mean absolute error of the
physical quantity. Let, Z = AB
Relative error in Z is given by
∆a1 + ∆a 2 + − − − ∆a n

∆a mean = ∆Z ∆A ∆B
n = +
Z A B
∞
1 Percentage error in Z is given by
∴ Damean = ∑ ∆a i
n i =1
∆Z
 ∆A   ∆B 
× 100 =  × 100  +  × 100 
The mean absolute error is always positive. Z  A   B 
...

MCQs

Topic-wise MCQs

Where v0 is a constant and a > 0.

Dimensions & Dimensional Formulas The dimensions of v0 and a are:
1) M0 L T–1 ­and T–1 2) M0 L T0 and
­
T–1
1. The dimensions of magnetic moment are: 3) M L T and LT
0 –1 ­ –2
4) M L T and T
0 –1 ­

1) L2A–1 2) L2A1 3) LA2 4) L2A–3 9. The dimensions of intensity are:

2. The velocity “V” of a particle is given in terms of time t as 1) M1 L0 T–3 2) M2 L1 T–2
V = at +
b 3) M L T
1 2 –2
4) M2 L0 T–3
t +C .
10. Which one of the following has the dimensions of pressure?
The dimensions of a, b, c are:
1) ML 2) M 3)
M 4) M
1) L2; MLT–2 2) LT2; LT; L
T 2
LT2 2
LT 2 LT
3) LT–2; L; T 4) L; LT; T2
3. In a particular system, the unit of length, mass and time are 11. The dimensions of RC, where R is resistance and C is
chosen to be 10cm, 10g and 0.1 sec respectively. The unit capacitance are same as that of:
of force in this system will be equivalent to: 1) Inverse time 2) Time
1) 0.1N 2) 1N 3) 10N 4) 100N 3) Square of time 4) Square root of time

4. The time dependence of a physical quantity P is given by 12. Dimensions of gravitational constant are:
P = P0 exp (–αt2), where α is a constant and t is time. The 1) M–1L3T–2 2) M–2L3T–1
constant α: 3) M L T
3 –1 –2
4) M–1L2T–3
1) Is Dimensionless 2) Has dimensions T–2 13. The dimensional formula of magnetic flux is:
3) Has dimension of P 4) Has dimensions T2 1) [M1L2T–2A–1] 2) [M1L0T–2A–2]
5. A unit less quantity: 3) [M L T A ]
0 –2 –2 –2
4) [M1L2T–1A3]
1) May have a non-zero dimension 14. The dimensions of plank’s constant and angular momentum
2) Always has a non-zero dimension are respectively:
3) Never has a non-zero dimension 1) M1L2T–1 and M1LT–1 2) M1L2T–1 and M1L2T–2
4) Does not exist 3) M LT and M L T
1 –1 1 2 –1
4) M1L2T–1 and M1L2T–1
6. Which of the following sets cannot enter into the list of 15. Dimensions of ‘ohm’ are same as (where h is Planck’s
fundamental quantities in any system of units? constant and e is charge):
1) Length, time and velocity h2 2
1) h 2) h 3) 4) h
2) Length, mass and velocity 2
e 2
e e e
3) Mass, time and velocity
4) Length, time and mass 16. The pair having the same dimensions is:
1) Angular momentum, work
7. A dimensionless quantity: 2) Work, torque
1) May have a unit 2) Never has a unit 3) Potential energy, linear momentum
3) Always has a unit 4) Doesn’t exist 4) Kinetic energy, velocity
8. The position x of a particle at time “t” is given by- 17. ML3T–1Q–2 is dimensions of:
v
x = 0 (1- e-at ) 1) Resistivity 2) Conductivity
a 3) Resistance 4) None of these
.... Units and Measurements 15

Assertion & Reason MCQs

2. Assertion: Light year is the distance that light travels with

Directions: These questions consist of two statements each,
printed as Assertion and Reason. While answering these velocity of 3 × 108 m s–1 in one year.
questions, you are required to choose any one of the following Reason: Light year is the unit for measuring time.
four responses.
3. Assertion: Dimensions of Planck’s constant is equal to
1) If both Assertion and Reason are True and the Reason
the dimensions of angular momentum.
is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
Reason: Dimensions of work is ML2T–2.
2) If both Assertion and Reason are True but Reason is
not a correct explanation of the Assertion. 4. Assertion: A dimensionally wrong or inconsistent
3) If Assertion is True but the Reason is False. equation must be wrong.
4) Assertion is False but Reason is True.
Reason: A dimensionally consistent equation is an exact or
a correct equation.
1. Assertion: Parallax method can be used for measuring
distances of heavenly bodies more than 100 light years 5. Assertion: When the units of measurement of a quantity
away.
changed, its numerical value changes.
Reason: For a distance more than 100 light years, parallax
angle is reduced to such an extent that it cannot be measured Reason: Smaller the unit of measurement, smaller is its
accurately. numerical value.

NCERT Exemplar MCQs

1. The number of significant figures in 0.06900 is: 7. Measure of two quantities along with the precision of
1) 5 2) 4 3) 2 4) 3 respective measuring instrument is:
2. The sum of the numbers 436.32, 227.2 and 0.301 in A = 2.5 ms–1 ± 0.5 ms–1, B = 0.10 s ± 0.01 s. The value of
appropriate significant figures is: AB will be:
1) 663.821 2) 664 3) 663.8 4) 663.82 1) (0.25 ± 0.08) m 2) (0.25 ± 0.5) m
3) (0.25 ± 0.05) m 4) (0.25 ± 0.135) m
3. The mass and volume of a body are 4.237 g and 2.5
cm3, respectively. The density of the material of the body 8. You measure two quantities as A = 1.0 m ± 0.2 m, B = 2.0
in correct significant figures is: m ± 0.2 m. We should report correct value for AB as:
1) 1.6048 g cm–3 2) 1.69 g cm–3 1) 1.4 m ± 0.4 M 2) 1.41 m ± 0.15 m
3) 1.7 g cm –3
4) 1.695 g cm–3 3) 1.4 m ± 0.3 m 4) 1.4 m ± 0.2 m

4. The numbers 2.745 and 2.735 on rounding off to 3 9. Which of the following measurement is most precise?
1) 5.00 mm 2) 5.00 cm
significant figures will give:
3) 5.00 m 4) 5.00 km
1) 2.75 and 2.74 2) 2.74 and 2.73
3) 2.75 and 2.73 4) 2.74 and 2.74 10. The mean length of an object is 5 cm. Which of the
following measurements is most accurate?
5. The length and breadth of a rectangular sheet are 1) 4.9 cm 2) 4.805 cm 3) 5.25 cm 4) 5.4 cm
16.2 cm and 10.1 cm, respectively. The area of the sheet in
appropriate significant figures and error is: 11. Young’s modulus of steel is 1.9 × 1011 N m2. When
expressed in CGS units of dyne/cm2, it will be equal. to
1) 164 ± 3 cm2 2) 1 63.62 ± 2.6 cm2
(1 N = 105 dyne, 1 m2 = 104 cm2)
3) 163.6 ± 2.6 cm 2
4) 1 63.62 ± 3 cm2
1) 1.9 × 1010 2) 1.9 × 1011
6. Which of the following pairs of physical quantities does 3) 1.9 × 10 12
4) 1.9 × 1013
not have same dimensional formula? 12. If momentum (p), area (A) and time (T) are taken to be
1) Work and torque fundamental quantities, then energy has the dimensional
2) Angular momentum and Planck’s constant formula:
3) Tension and surface tension 1) [pA–1T1] 2) [p2AT]
4) Impulse and linear momentum 3) [pA–1/2T] 4) [pA1/2T-1]
....
16 Objective NCERT Punch – Physics
13. On the basis of dimensions, decide which of the following 1) Linear impulse 2) Angular impulse
relations for the displacement of a particle undergoing 3) Linear momentum 4) Angular momentum
simple harmonic motion is not correct?
16. If Planck’s constant (h) and speed of light in vacuum (c)
1) y = a sin 2π t/T
are taken as two fundamental quantities, which one of
2) y = a sin vt
the following can, in addition, be taken to express length,
a t mass and time in terms of the three chosen fundamental
3) y = sin  
t a quantities?
 2 πt 2 πt  1) Mass of electron (me)
=4) y a 2  sin − cos  2) Universal gravitational constant (G)
 T T 
3) Charge of electron (e)
14. If P, Q and R are physical quantities, having different 4) Mass of proton (mp)
dimensions, which of the following combinations can
never be a meaningful quantity? 17. Which of the following ratios express pressure?
1) Force/Area 2) Energy/Volume
1) (P – Q)/R 2) PQ – R
3) Energy/Area 4) Force/Volume
3) PQ /R 4) (R + Q)/P
15. Photon is quantum of radiation with energy E = hv, where v 18. Which of the following is not a unit of time?
is frequency and h is Planck’s constant. The dimensions of 1) Second 2) Parsec
h are the same as that of: 3) Year 4) Light year

Answer Key

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
2 3 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 4 2 2 1
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34
Topic-wise 2 1 1 4 3 3 1 4 1 3 1 1 2 2 4 3 4
MCQs 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51
3 4 4 1 4 4 4 2 3 3 2 1 1 3 1 4 2
52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65
4 2 3 3 3 4 2 4 2 4 2 2 3 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Rank Boosters 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 3 1 1 1 3 4 3 1 2
MCQs 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
2 2 4 3 2 3 4 4 3 3 3

Statement 1 2 3 4 5 Assertion & Reason 1 2 3 4 5

Based MCQs 1 1 2 3 1 MCQs 4 3 2 3 3

NCERT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Exemplar MCQs 2 2 3 4 1 3 1 4 1 1 3 4 2,3 1,4 2,4 1,2,4 1,2 2,4

Explanations
Topic-wise MCQs b
As = V,
1. (2) Magnetic moment = Current × Area t

⸫ [M] = [I] [A] b = V × t = LT–1 × T = (L)

= AL2
v LT 1
From V = at, a     LT 2 
t T
2. (3) As C is added to t, therefore, C has the dimensions of T.
...
......

....
bhumik
bhumik