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hypervisor

The document discusses hypervisors, which are virtualization software that allows multiple operating systems to run on a single host system. It classifies hypervisors into Type-1 (bare metal) and Type-2 (hosted), and explains virtualization techniques such as full and para-virtualization. Additionally, it highlights the need for virtualization in server and storage contexts to enhance resource utilization and application portability.

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Kaushik Prabhu-Nerurkar
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10 views

hypervisor

The document discusses hypervisors, which are virtualization software that allows multiple operating systems to run on a single host system. It classifies hypervisors into Type-1 (bare metal) and Type-2 (hosted), and explains virtualization techniques such as full and para-virtualization. Additionally, it highlights the need for virtualization in server and storage contexts to enhance resource utilization and application portability.

Uploaded by

Kaushik Prabhu-Nerurkar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Subject: Cloud Computing and Services Academic Year: 2019-20

Hypervisor
Hypervisor is a form of virtualization software used in Cloud hosting to divide and allocate the
resources on various pieces of hardware. The program which provide partitioning, isolation or
abstraction is called virtualization hypervisor. Hypervisor is a hardware virtualization technique
that allows multiple guest operating systems (OS) to run on a single host system at the same time.
A hypervisor is sometimes also called a virtual machine manager (VMM).

Classified by VMM’s role on host machines

Fig: Types of Hypervisor

TYPE-1 Hypervisor:

Hypervisor runs directly on underlying host system. It is also known as “Native Hypervisor” or
“Bare metal hypervisor”. It does not require any base server operating system. It has direct access
to hardware resources. Examples of Type 1 hypervisors include VMware ESXi, Citrix XenServer
and Microsoft Hyper-V hypervisor.

TYPE-2 Hypervisor:

A Host operating system runs on underlying host system. It is also known as ‘Hosted Hypervisor”.
Basically, it is a software installed on an operating system. Hypervisor asks operating system to
make hardware calls. Example of Type 2 hypervisor include VMware Player or Parallels Desktop.
Hosted hypervisors are often found on endpoints like PCs.

Emulation technique

Simulate an independent environment where guest ISA and host ISA are different.
Example: Emulate x86 architecture on ARM platform.

Virtualization technique
Department of Information Technology
Subject: Cloud Computing and Services Academic Year: 2019-20

Simulate an independent environment where guest ISA and host ISA are the same.
Example: Virtualize x86 architecture to multiple instances.

Need for virtualization:

Server virtualization enables different OS to share the same network & make it easy
to move OS between different networks without affecting the applications running
on them. This allows portability of application.
Virtualization allows many instance of application to be created thus allowing them
to scale up & down as per requirement. Virtualization enables load balancing thus
allowing companies to handle peak loads.

Storage virtualization enables efficient utilization of existing resources. Allows


services to be provided over internet.

Virtualization Approaches:
Classified by virtualization methods

1. Full-Virtualization

VMM simulates enough hardware to allow an unmodified guest OS.

Ex: KVM with QEMU


Pros: Need not to modify guest OS

Department of Information Technology


Subject: Cloud Computing and Services Academic Year: 2019-20

Cons: Significant performance hit

Fig: Full Virtualization

Fig: Para Virtualization

Department of Information Technology


Subject: Cloud Computing and Services Academic Year: 2019-20

2. Para-Virtualization

Guest OS needs to modified to use special APIs provided by VMM

Ex: KVM with virtio

Pros: Light weight and high performance

Cons: Require modification of guest OS

Department of Information Technology


Subject: Cloud Computing and Services Academic Year: 2019-20

Fig: Virtualization Techniques

Department of Information Technology

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