International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications

Volume 8, Issue 3 May-June 2023, pp: 2896-2900 www.ijprajournal.com ISSN: 2249-7781

Formulation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Sunscreen Cream

Aman S. Maharaj1*, Abhishek D. Nagdeve2, Aasma D. Shah3, Abhishek A.
Pachghare4
Corresponding Author: Smita R. Mankar
1,2,3,4
Student, P.R. Patil Institute of Pharmacy, Talegaon(S.P) District Wardha 442202

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Submitted: 10-06-2023 Accepted: 21-06-2023
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ABSTRACT: The objective of the present work Sunscreen agents are for external use only
was to develop sunscreen cream containingaloe .The use of sunscreen as photo protecting agents
vera, coconut oil, vinca, rose water, vitamin E. for Uv protection. The sunscreen formulation is
Ultraviolet radiation has been demonstrated to which when applied topically protect the treated
cause skin disorders, including sunburn and relative area from sunburn sunscreen depends on ability to
symptoms of prolonged exposure. It has been protect against Uv induced sunburn and their
reported that sunscreen have beneficial effect in chemo preventive activity excessive solar
reducing the incidence of skin disorders ultraviolet radiation are responsible for various skin
(sunburn,skin aging) through their ability to absorb damages such as sunburn ,skin pigmentation
the rays and release from the body in the form of premature aging and photo carcinogenesis .The
heat. The value of spreadability indicated that the main mechanism of skin damage by uv radiations
cream was easily spreadable by small amount of is formation of Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS)
shear. Cream formulation shows good that interact with proteins lipids and subsequently
extrudability. Among these formulation F1 showed alter them. UVB and to a lesser extent UVA are
excellent extrudability. responsible for inducing skin damages
KEYWORDS:Sunburn, herbal sunscreen, SPF,
topical cream. 1.2 Types of mechanism:
Herbal sunscreen also known herbal sunblock.
I. INTRODUCTION Herbal suntan lotion is a lotion, spray or other
Sunscreen is a chemical compound that topical product that helps protect the skin from the
help protect you from UV rays’ sunburn is caused suns UV radiation and which reduce sunburn and
by ultraviolet B radiation but ultraviolet a may be other skin damage Sunscreen can be classified into
more damaging to the skin. Sunscreen should two types sunscreen.
ideally block both wavebands.
The aim of this study was to develop 1) Physical sunscreen
herbal topical sunscreen formulation based on Those that reflect the sunlight.
some fixed oils, in combination with some medical
plants. Regular use of sunscreen reduces the 2) Chemical sunscreen
development of actinic keratosis, squamous cell Those that absorb the UV light and release in the
carcinoma and melanoma. Sunscreen may be form of heat.
organic or inorganic chemicals. Sunscreen is also
known as sunblock lotion. The product that absorbs 1.3 Penetration of UV rays on skin
or reflect the sun’s ultraviolet radiation and protect
the skin. The increasing incidence of skin cancers
and photo damaging effects caused by ultraviolet
radiation has increased the use of sun screening
agents, which have shown beneficial effects in
reducing the symptoms. Sun screening agents
should be safe chemically inert, non-irritating
nontoxic, photo stable an able to provide complete
protection to the skin against damage from solar
radiation.

DOI: 10.35629/7781-080328962900 | Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 2896
 International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications
Volume 8, Issue 3 May-June 2023, pp: 2896-2900 www.ijprajournal.com ISSN: 2249-7781

1.4 Benefits of sunscreen • Delays premature signs of aging

• Protect against sunburn • Reflects UVA and UVB rays
• Avoid inflammation and redness • Works immediately when applied on the skin
• Avoid blotchy skin and hyperpigmentation
• Stop DNA damage II. ROLE OF ACTIVE INGREDENTS
• Prevent the early onset of wrinkles and fine lines  Aloe vera
• Lower skin cancer risk i. It prevent against sunburn.
• Shields from harmful UV rays ii. It moisturizes skin.
• Maintain the brightness of your natural iii. Reduces inflammation
complexion iv. Helps in healing process
• Maintain the look and texture of your skin

 Rose water3. Role of excipients

Sr No:- Ingredients Uses
1 Cetostearyl alcohol Emulsifier
2 Stearic acid EmollientCo-
emulsifier
3 Cetomacrogol- 100 Emulsifier
4 Lanolin Emollient
5 Glycerin Humectant
6 Methylparaben Preservative
7 Propylparaben Preservative
8 Plant extract Active ingredient
9 Distilled water Vehicle

i. It lighten skin pigmentation. ii. It prevent drying of skin.

ii. It removes oil and dirt from skin. iii. It is useful in condition like psoriasis and
iii. Maintain PH level of skin. dermatitis.
iv. It hydrate and nourishes the skin and provide
glow to the skin.  Olive oil
i. It contain vitamins, antoxidants, fats that
 Vitamin E Keep the skin healthier.
i. It removes impurities from the skin. ii. It has anti inflammatory and antimicrobial
ii. It has antioxidants and anti inflammatory Properties.
properties.
III. EXPERIMENTAL WORK
 Vinca 1. Flake/powder ingredients, such as Cetostearyl
i. Antioxidant activity. alcohol and stearic acid Lanolin, Glycerin,
ii. Antimicrobial activity. Vitamin-e Capsule , sometimes dry blended in
iii. Wound healing activity. advance, are dispersed into the oil phase.
2. The water phase is prepared separately,
 Coconut oil containing emulsifiers and stabilizers such as
i. Keep the skin soft and smooth. Cetomacrogol 1000 , Aloe vera, Vinca extract,
ii. Prevent against premature aging. Rose water, Methyl paraben and Propyl
iii. Use as moisturiser and remove dead skin paraben, Distilled water.
cells. 3. The two phases are then mixed to form an
iv. Anti inflammatory properties and prevent emulsion. This is aided by heating to between
redness on skin. 110 and 185℉ (45 - 80℃) depending on
v. It has antiviral,antifungal,antibacterial ingredients.
properties. 4. Then Cool the emulsion in ice water bath and
continuously stirred.
 Rose oil 5. Mixing is continued until the end product is
i. It refine your skin texture homogeneous.

DOI: 10.35629/7781-080328962900 | Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 2897
 International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications
Volume 8, Issue 3 May-June 2023, pp: 2896-2900 www.ijprajournal.com ISSN: 2249-7781

6. Transfer it into the container and cover it with foil.

Quantity of Ingridients

Sr. Ingredients F1 F2 F3
No Coconut oil Rose oil Olive oil
1. Aloe vera 25% 25% 25%
2. Rose water 10% 10% 10%
3. Vinca-flower 20% 20% 20%
extract
4. Vitamin E 10% 10% 10%
5. Oil 10% 10% 10%
6. Cetosteryl 0.07% 0.07% 0.07%
alcohol
7. Steric acid 2% 2% 2%
8. Cetomacrogol 4.5% 4.5% 4.5%
1000
9. Lanolin 2.5% 2.5% 2.5%
10. Glycerin 7.8% 7.8% 7.8%
11. Methyl paraben 0.2% 0.2% 0.2%
12. Propyl paraben 0.02% 0.02% 0.02%
13. Distilled water q.s q.s q.s

IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Sr. Test F1 F2 F3
No. Coconut oil Rose oil Olive oil
1 Colour White Creamy White Creamy White

2 Odour Pleasant Pleasant Pleasant

3 Appearance Smooth Smooth Smooth

4 PH Test 7.04 7.66 8.03

5 Consistency Good Good Good

6 Grittiness No No No

6 Spredability 7 Sec 9 Sec 12Sec

7 Washability Easily Washable Washable Washable

9 Refractive 1.448 1.444 1.467

Index
10 SPF Value 12.13 4.12 11.65

DOI: 10.35629/7781-080328962900 | Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 2898
 International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications
Volume 8, Issue 3 May-June 2023, pp: 2896-2900 www.ijprajournal.com ISSN: 2249-7781

Calculation :
Absorbance of sunscreenformulations
Wavelength F1 F2 F3
( nm) Employed
EE (λ)
290 0.015 1.583 0.470 1.450
295 0.0817 1.308 0.451 1.320
300 0.2874 1.290 0.434 1.218
305 0.3278 1.190 0.420 1.210
310 0.1864 1.140 0.414 1.035
315 0.0837 1.085 0.403 0.960
320 0.0180 1.052 0.418 0.850

Calculation of SPF by using formula Where,CF=correction factor (10),EE= erythrogenic

spectrophotometric=CF×€EE(wavelength)×I(wavel effect of radiation with wavelength,
ength)×Abs(wavelength) Abs=spectrophotometric absorbance values at
wavelength.

Sun protection factor value of different formulation

Name of formulation SPF value

F1 12.13

F2 4.12

F3 11.65

Discussion we can avoid such side effect. Therefore we

 In the present research work comparison of 3 develop 3 formulations containing different
sunscreen cream containing different oil were oils like coconut, rose ,olive oil but it was
done. In which formulation 1 shows good SPF found that formulation containing coconut oil
12, Refractive Index 1.448 , Spreadibility 7 sec is more stable it has good SPF, Refractive
and easily washable as compare to other 2 Index, Spreadability, Consistancy and easily
formulation. washable.
 Current research work is to develop sunscreen
cream containing herbal active pharmaceutical V. CONCLUSION:
ingredient. Because herbs used in cosmetic The current study aimed to create a stable
products are safe and effective to use, suitable polyherbal sunscreen with a suitable SPF. Coconut
for all skin type, animal testing not required, oil-based sunscreens (F1) were found to be stable
shows no side effect and most important it is than F 2 Olive oil and F3 Rose oil sunscreens
inexpensive. As we know synthetic sunscreen cream , have good antioxidant activity, and have
products shows harmful effects such as skin SPF values 12 ,11 and 4 respectively. It can be
photosensitivity, irritancy, and it may penetrate stated that the current study will hopefully lead to
the stratum corneum and reaches blood vessels improvements in the treatment of sunburns
and produces skin tumor / cancer and produces produced by UV radiation exposure. The study also
white patches which are difficult to wash. demonstrates that UV Spectroscopy is the most
 So by developing the herbal sunscreen cream efficient, acceptable, and repeatable approach for

DOI: 10.35629/7781-080328962900 | Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 2899
 International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications
Volume 8, Issue 3 May-June 2023, pp: 2896-2900 www.ijprajournal.com ISSN: 2249-7781

determining the performance of herbal sunscreens.

As a result, the findings of this study can help
regulatory agencies, scientific organizations, and
manufacturers set standardized standards for
polyherbal sunscreens.
Few chemical sun screening agents such
as avobenzone, octocrylene, oxybenzone enter the
bloodstream within an hour after application on
skin. These chemicals may cause various harmful
effects in human. Thus it was concluded that herbal
sun screening agent is more advantageous than
chemicals because ofits minor side effects.

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DOI: 10.35629/7781-080328962900 | Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 2900