—_— ace wnt nemesis —_ Topology optimization wtth Ineartsed buckling criteria The governing equation yor suckling in 2-p structures (plates) Is y au 2 o(v Ww) + Ny2lD, + Ny 2s + 2Nyy 2 gw =0 oxy where .D= Eh? 124s?) Na)Ny/Nay aye stress nesultants Nz= 0%" ) Ny= oyh, Nay = Tiyh gnIS Ox, Oy. Try are governed by 20% + aT1y =o aL, oy 2044 BTxy =o ey OL 60), these Ox, Oy, Try are found by solving equilrium Equatfons kU=F and O= DBQ; Elen oui ceo will yemain. constant we have uniformly qistri- buted on the edges and young's modulus ts constant. everywher 9b is qependent on stresses tO ensute compatibility. ee afta a dhe other approach to solve the buckling problems comes from virtual work principle [eoeay + J eh ecbne®Y \(aui-o¥) =0 Vo Vo du and pur are, ewe solutions which a7e possible at bifurcation. c= stresses at critical load = AZe where A is the multiplicatioy y the unit toad t obtain the erttical load iat which loss factor fo of uniqueness Occ i Pg > Rete Ke fBbBdv = stiffness matrix atl + AKG) t SiGe | Buy £e Bn = Geometric ©)stres , v stiffness matriz Pdhere axe no vig advantages of Using first method . because sine we-are working in, bw-Fformulation we must tQke four rect Oof's for each. node (1) Sev. i.) to have a conforming—— oo ele onis will (erease “computation time » she other disadvantage fs mat for eatculating Stresses you have '0 use again WV formulation that fe why May Be people don't prefer fe as tnis method 13 also ie generalized one: ghe only advantages of this method are w, dm [ee able to plot 3-D bucking modes also and element that we ve Laken ts a conforming one which. explains Beat bila vicur ss buckting problem. creates additional dos. “ 4 they took only dof at each node A aly | we know that Fe papers on buckling » * $0 th lat means they ave solving fot I-D beam problems and thery UCKIin mode shapes YOU may suffer from shean locking neve, i¢ "IT you Ident take addittonal clof: ABN structure. of code ease 1) finding the elementary stiftness atne the ‘governing equation and making functions » we arrive at -the equati (on daking ) the Tweak. form “of | tne interpolation using shape oe (E- a monet ta) < (Brunet £0ynUt Zt %5)w ge con ve written(tne compact form as [kp=amd 4m the’ tntera) tines of Code, we create connectivity matrix; define poundary conditions t0 do the final assembly: 2) finding out tre stresses; S0,t0 find out the stresses acting on each element (at thetr centr * f y n wi 6, we again have to define connectivity matrices, elementary Matrices a and boundary conditions, stmilayY to what we have dene in to ¥iy 53 n ' nee Now qFrer solvin Ea system k'U= fc a 9 yy Be F swe get displacements Ne 1 [ Note “enat ins k BiHerent than above ‘k’) ghis k! is made naey Yyck SAS up of 8 oF ‘tsoparametric element and above K and M mati HAs bere mad de up of 16 ‘dof isoparametric relenteny pos vo 2tot= O= repmat[ Eo: Eo (+ er peli): -Ulenormat)s n' J oe 07 [ox cy Pan, Bans maya ne OS seain one mat iO. ace! an this way, we can Find out all the stresses "Natrn AR Gtr effectively. Now we can assemble the matrices to get kp= Amp and find out the etgenvalue ‘A’ 3) Finding the deriva ghis fs the most d of eigenvalue: feule part in buckling problem: 0) Analytical method: ghis method only ‘Works when there 75 no. repektt(on. in eigenvalues which happens. mostly when boundary conditions oF loading ‘8 unsymmeevic- (k-aAm)q =0 gk -AaM(UW) - aAm an 2ae =0 (es Taxema\s ove MG + + (k multiplying with oT i ie a mm). Goad - ag amceipe 2 a ae + ean Ee am(t4iu) = an) + ¥ aM. aul axe axe ue ce Petey: eenge cL gram fee My 3 “you! vectoY Yolurnn Nene $ i ee Port Pa eee “part 2° pave S a 80, nis? derivative 15 ‘split into’ 4° parts sfotally dhe Fist and second parts ave exactly same as in tops® Code where we can exploit the property —2k o = P(Eo- Emin) xe "(de" kp) where Rts the elementary stiffness matrix simat similarly for payt 2 alsO, where we need to Find aor Now) pared is lithe bit difficult +o. compute Qui. SF itst | We need P sab we know that k'u-F ok + KU os0 axe Oxe k'ou = - ak'u ote Oxe But remembex that we Mant to find eu,au .. u a f ox Siz a all at q time without using any loops. Jnat means we have to Find an augmented matrix f ak'U aku aby. -- okly a 3m) os augmented matrix ts effectively calculated by using ine oe "which is a column vector contains elements ar tne that " ax! y exe locations edofMat(e,:) after finding tnis matrix, then we can get Te EK aklu akly. ©. ox! au BA Sin) \ 03h aku aku) > Now we need to Find REM ob 7 a pots ae * U2 Bel 200% + £OyTUt 2%y%s )qe eqraqac. + £658) (4 tude) + £ UC Prote) SO) here we need to carefully understand: the pattern Here tneve are three te7MS anol let us Heb take the First term- Let us treat . this. ge'™Pe a2 ithe elementary compliance ‘ce’ unique sto, each element».= é Z(fe T2be) 2m = BAD ¢) 910%) 4 cpl . 0+ +» na(oxn) oui DUL Bua het us take an elementary discretization. Wr alo mis 25/26 324 4 au) jo i} Shy E [Nha jai20 {228 3536 2 5 Oe ht 5,6, seat aia’ |1030 | 44,38 3 6 q na HB 15,16 2324-3432. 340 connectivity matrix= [ay ul Mes 10 1 2 7)->element 4 Seer) Ww yo 12 y Pelement 2 6 2 element > 10 -pelemeat 4 12 {5 element 5 14 byelement € 2 Eg Se oes ERY) [ty li) WAV Ge | 20) 11> (2 1 Vey) 28 22, 11911920 $e, |) 23, ay j2as-22 B28 Hae Sil ae |2qV 4O 3% 3%, .29| 30 $ have alyeady “mentioned -that how to -Find-out stresses On = (€o Be srena): * [ U(edofmat) xu!) 2) ox, = (Ni ust Nouu t N3Ui + Nyli2 + NeUQt NeUjor NpU)+ Ne U2 )egu? PED ox, = (nyust Nolet Nolia tNu diy t Nel + Ne iat N#U3 + Ng uy). £0%29 Uyot Ne lag + NeUsgt NaU2a7 NB Use) x). = (Ayus) + Ne oat Na4aat Nu di Foxi2 Now with this packgyound , let us Find the first part derivative Mieeaile us. Aloo consider this matiz C- tn 12 13 Cy © eg) C22) 2% Coy Elementary a compliance |! C32 [3m CY where C15 = 6x8): (Ge 4e).