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MEC_L3

The document outlines the key concepts of microelectronic circuits, focusing on various types of amplifiers including voltage, current, transconductance, and transresistance amplifiers. It discusses circuit models, gain calculations in decibels, and the importance of input and output impedance in amplifier design. Additionally, it covers cascading amplifiers for increased voltage amplification and the frequency response of amplifiers using Bode plots.

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aypey04
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2 views38 pages

MEC_L3

The document outlines the key concepts of microelectronic circuits, focusing on various types of amplifiers including voltage, current, transconductance, and transresistance amplifiers. It discusses circuit models, gain calculations in decibels, and the importance of input and output impedance in amplifier design. Additionally, it covers cascading amplifiers for increased voltage amplification and the frequency response of amplifiers using Bode plots.

Uploaded by

aypey04
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 38

Microelectronic Circuits

ECE/EEE/INSTR F244 MICROELECTRONIC CIRCUITS

1/22/2025 1
Outline

• Review

• Circuit Models for Amplifiers

• Voltage Amplifiers

• Cascade Amplifiers

1/22/2025 2
Gain in dB(Decibels)

1/22/2025 3
Non Linear T.F and Biasing
• Amplitude of vi(t) should be sufficiently small
for linear operation
• The time varying output vO(t) is

1/22/2025 4
Non Linear T.F and Biasing

Where AV is the slope of the


almost linear segment of the
transfer curve

1/22/2025 5
Voltage and Current Sources

Circuit Symbols

Vbattery Isource
12 V 1A

6
Different Types of Amplifiers

•Voltage Amplifier

•Current Amplifier

•TransConductance Amplifier

•TransResistance Amplifier
1/22/2025 8
Four Different Types of Amplifiers

9
Four Different Types of Amplifiers

Voltage
Amplifier

Current
Amplifier

10
Four Different Types of Amplifiers

Transconductance
Amplifier

Transresistance
Amplifier

11
Ideal Input and output impedance

1/22/2025 12
Voltage Amplifier

Input resistance Ri
Output resitance R0
Open circuit voltage gain AVo

1/22/2025 13
Voltage Amplifier (Input section)

1/22/2025 14
Voltage Amplifier (Input section)
• Inorder not to lose a significant portion of the
input signal in coupling the signal source to
the amplifier input ,the amplifier must be
designed to have input resistance Ri must
greater than Rs

1/22/2025 15
Voltage Amplifier (Input section)

1/22/2025 16
Voltage Amplifier (Input section)

Ri >> Rs

1/22/2025 17
Voltage Amplifier (Output section)

1/22/2025 18
Voltage Amplifier (Output section)
• Using voltage divider rule

Voltage Gain is given by


Voltage Amplifier (Output section)

Voltage Gain is given by

Inorder not to lose gain in coupling amplifier output


to a load, the output resistance R0 should be smaller
than the load resistance RL
Ro <<RL
• Overall voltage Gain vo /vs can be found by
using
Cascaded amplifiers
•Cascaded amplifiers consists of two or more
stages of the basic BJT and/or FET circuits each
of which utilize individual power supply VCC
+Vcc
I1 I2 I3
Transducer RO
Vo
Vin
Load RL
Ro
Rin -Vcc or "0"
Cascade amplifiers
•Cascaded amplifiers are used to obtain higher
voltage amplification, or matching of the input
impedance with the transducer and matching the
output impedances with the loading of the following
stage.
22
1/22/2025 23
Cascading of Amplifiers
Problem

1/22/2025 25
Problem

1/22/2025 26
Solution

1/22/2025 27
Solution

1/22/2025 28
Solution
Voltage gain of second stage

1/22/2025 29
Solution
Voltage gain of output stage

1/22/2025 30
Solution
Total gain of the three stages of cascade

Total gain of the three stages of cascade in dB is

1/22/2025 31
HOMEWORK
• Calculate Current Gain
• Calculate Power Gain

1/22/2025 32
Frequency Response of Amplifiers

• A linear amplifier fed at its input with a sine-


wave signal V and frequency ω
i

1/22/2025 33
Frequency Response of Amplifiers

• Whenever a sine-wave signal is applied to a


linear circuit ,the resulting output is sinusiodal
with the same frequency as the input
• The output sinusoid will have different
amplitude and will be shifted in phase relative
to the input

1/22/2025 34
Frequency Response of Amplifiers
Two plots w.r.t frequency on X-axis

• Magnitude plot
• Phase plot

• This plots together called as Bode plots

1/22/2025 35
Magnitude plot

1/22/2025 36
Phase Plot
• Phase plot

1/22/2025 37
Amplifier Bandwidth

1/22/2025 38

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