20 – Information and Communication Technology

Structure of the Question Paper

Paper I - Time: 02 hours.

50 multiple choice questions with 5 options. All questions should be
answered. Each question carries 02 marks. Total 100 marks.

Paper II - Time: 03 hours.

This paper consists of two parts as Structured Essay and Essay.
Part A - Four structured essay type questions. All questions should be
answered. 10 marks for each question - altogether 40 marks.
Part B - Six essay type questions. Four questions should be answered.
Each question carries 15 marks - altogether 60 marks.
Total marks for Paper II = 100

Calculation of the final mark: Paper I = 100

Paper II = 100
Final mark = 200 ÷ 2 = 100

Paper I
Important:
Answer all questions.
Select the correct or the most appropriate answer. (A multiple choice answer sheet
would be provided at the examination.)

1. Select the expression which is equivalent to the Boolean expression ab + abc

(1) abc (4) ca
(2) ab (5) c
(3) bc

2. What are the Most Significant Digit (MSD) and the Least Significant Digit (LSD) of
0.00230450 respectively?
(1) 0 and 0 (4) 0 and 2
(2) 2 and 5 (5) 2 and 5
(3) 2 and 0

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 3. Select the expression which is equivalent to the Boolean expression (a + b)(a + b )
(1) a (4) a
(2) b (5) ab
(3) b

4. Which form of software development model is most suited to a system where all the
requirements are known at the start of a project and remain stable throughout the
project?

(1) Waterfall model (4) Spiral model

(2) Prototype model (5) None of the above
(3) RAD model

5. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

(1) Requirements must be testable
(2) Requirements must be concerned with system functionality only
(3) Requirements must be complete
(4) Requirements must be unambiguously stated
(5) None of the above

6. Acceptance testing means:

(1) Testing performed on a single stand–alone module or unit of code.
(2) Testing after integrating each module to ensure that no unwanted changes are
introduced.
(3) Testing to ensure that the system meets the needs of the organization and end
user as given by the requirements specification.
(4) Users test the application in the developers' environment.
(5) None of the above
7. Spiral system development model:
(1) is iterative in nature
(2) can easily accommodate product requirements changes
(3) does not generally produce throwaway systems
(4) is all of the above
(5) is none of the above

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 8. Part of a ER diagram is shown below.

studNo age

fName DOB

Student

lName studName

marks

midName

Which of the following components is not represented in the above diagram?

(1) Stored Attribute (4) Composite Attribute

(2) Simple Attribute (5) Derived Attribute
(3) Multi Attribute

9. Consider the following SQL statement:

SELECT m.movieName, a.actorName

FROM movie m, actor a
WHERE m.movieId=a.actedMovie

Which of the following statements is true regarding this statement?

(1) Output attributes are movieId, movieName, actedMovie and actorName only.
(2) Condition “m.movieId=a.actedMovie” has no meaning.
(3) To retrieve the data four tables have been used.
(4) m.movieName represents movieName column of the “actor” table.
(5) None of the above statements are true.
10. Which of the following is false for virtual memory?
(1) Virtual memory address space is much larger than the physical memory
address space
(2) Virtual memory is implanted with the concept of demand paging
(3) Hard disk space is considered as part of the memory for the implementation of
the virtual memory
(4) Physical memory address is much larger the virtual address

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 (5) Sometimes virtual memory can reduce the performance of the system

11. Which of the following memory types is most suitable for use as main memory for a
computer system?
(1) SRAM (4) ROM
(2) DRAM (5) None of the above
(3) EEPROM

12. Which of the following statements is false?

(1) Each and every relation has at least one super key.
(2) A relation can have more than one key.
(3) A relation can have at most one primary key and any number of alternate
keys.
(4) Super key of a relation schema is also a key of the same relation schema.
(5) All the above statements are false.

13. Consider the following ER diagram :

deptNo
empNo

M M
works Department
Employee

deptName
empName

Which of the following represents the relation schema for this ER diagram?

(1) Employee(empNo,empName,deptNo)
Department (deptNo, deptName)
(2) Employee(empNo,empName)
Department (deptNo, deptName, empNo)
(3) Employee(empNo,empName,deptNo)
Department (deptNo, deptName,empNo)
(4) Employee(empNo,empName)
Department (deptNo, deptName)
Works (empNo,deptNo)
(5) None of the above

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 14.

1 M
works Department
Employee

Consider the following statements regarding the ER diagram.

A. Degree of the relationship is 2

B. Cardinality ratio of the relationship is 2.
C. Relation type is binary
D. Cardinality ratio of the relationship is many-to-many.

Which of the above statements is true?

(1) Only A (4) Only A and C

(2) Only B (5) Only B and C
(3) Only A and D

15. Which of the following is not a responsibility of the Data-Link layer?

(1) Establishing the (3) Terminating the

link. link.
(2) Performing (4) a and c
routing functions. (5) a and b

16. Which of the following transmission media is/are suitable for outdoor networking?

(1) Coaxial Cable (4) a and b

(2) Optical Fiber (5) a and c
(3) UTP Cable

17. Which of the following is not a satellite access method?

(1) FDMA (4) TDMA

(2) WDMA (5) None of the above
(3) CDMA

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 18. Consider the following SQL statement:

REVOKE SELECT, UPDATE ON

Employee FROM saman
Which of the following statements is true regarding the above SQL statement?

(1) Output Select and Update columns of the table “saman”

(2) Grant “select and “update” privileges on Employee table for user “saman”
(3) Remove “select” and “update” ” privileges on Employee table from user
“saman”
(4) Remove “select” privilege on “Employee” table from user “saman” and
update the “Employee” table
(5) None of the above

The code given below is to convert a temperature given in Fahrenheit to Celcius

Answer question 19 and 20 based on the code provided.

# Temperature conversion

f=float(input('Enter temperature in Fahr : '))

c=(F-32)*5/9

print "Temperature in C is = ",c

19. Select the most correct statement to correct the above code
(1) Change the line f= float(input(‘Enter temperature in Fahr :’)) to f = (float)
input(‘Enter temperature in Fahr’)
(2) Change c=(f-32)*5/9 to c=(f-32)*5.0/9.0
(3) Change c= (F-32)*5/9 to c = (f-32)*5/9
(4) Change print “Temperature in C is = “,c to print “Temperature in c is = “,c
(5) Change # Temperature conversion to // Temperature conversion
20. If the correction is made so that code works correctly what would be the output if the
temperature entered in Fahr is 100?
The output will be:

(1) 212
(2) Temperature in C is = 212
(3) Temperature in C is = 37.7
(4) 37.7
(5) Temperature in C is = 37

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 21. If a=10, b=5,c=3 what would be output of a*2%3*2+30/b*c

(1) 6 (4) 4
(2) 20 (5) 24
(3) 22
Answer Questions 22 and 23 based on the flowchart given below.

22. The output of flowchart would be:

(1) 15, 12, 9, 6 (4) 12, 9, 6, 3

(2) 12, 9, 6 (5) 5, 4, 3
(3) 15, 12, 9, 6, 3

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 23. What would be the most correct pseudo code that represents the above flow charts?

1 3 5
X = 5 X = 5 X = 5

Y = X*3 Y = X*3 Y = X*3

while Y >= 3 while Y > 3 If Y > 3

X = X – 1 X = X – 1 X = X – 1

Print Y Print Y Print Y

Y = X * 3 Y = X * 3 Y = X * 3

endwhile endwhile endif

2
4
X = 5 X = 5
while Y >= 3 Y = X*3
Y = X*3 If Y >= 3
X = X – 1 X = X – 1
Print Y Print Y
endwhile Y = X * 3

endif

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 24.

A) s = [‘nimal’,20,78.6]

B) for y in range(1,10):

print y

C) no = 5

while 1 <= no <= 5:

print no

no = no – 1

D) y = input(“Enter a number”)

E) def fun2 [a,b]

return a+b

(1) A,B, C statements are (3) E statement is wrong

correct (4) B,C, D statements are
(2) A, D, E statements are correct
correct (5) All statements are correct

25. The code given below calculates the distance between two coordinates. Assume that this
coding is stored in a program file called distance.py

import math

def length(x1,y1, x2,y2):

dist =math.sqrt((x1-x2)**2+(y1-y2)**2)

return dist

What would be the most correct code that calls the function distance from the
program file distance.py?

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 1
4
import distance import distance

d = length 10,5,20, 8 d = length(10,5,20, 8)

print d print d

2 5
d = distance.length import distance
(10,5,20, 8)
d = distance.length
print d (10,5,20, 8)

print d

3
import distance

z =
distance.length(x1,y1,x2,y
2)

print z

26. After collecting data what do people usually do?

(1) Analyze the data set, process and gain knowledge. Based on that knowledge,
take good decisions, so that the previous errors would not be propagated.
(2) Clean the data set and processes it.
(3) By observing the data set, make good decisions/conclusions. .
(4) Converts Raw data into information which is meaningless.
(5) Summarizes data using a tool like Microsoft Excel.

27. Select the answer that includes a system software, firmware and hardware
respectively.
(1) Microsoft Project, Computer users, RAM
(2) Boot-strap program, Python, Processor
(3) Linux, Boot-strap program, Wireless mouse
(4) Windows XP, Utility programs, Monitor

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 (5) Python compiler, Data entry operator, MS SQL server

28. When would a software piracy occur from the following statements?
(1) Nimal buys a computer and also purchases Windows 7 operating system for
his computer.
(2) Nimal downloads an e-book about computing and shares it with his friends to
improve knowledge.
(3) A class teacher asks students to buy “Adobe Photoshop” which is needed for
their studies.
(4) Nimal makes copies of Microsoft Office package and he sells it to his friends
for a very cheap, reasonable amount.
(5) A teacher gives away Ubuntu operating system for the students in the class to
complete an assignment.

29. You heard that you have passed he GCE A/L examination and got selected to the
university. When will this information have the highest value?
(1) On the day that you are entering the university.
(2) When you firstly saw your results on the sheet.
(3) When your friends are calling you and wishing you over the achievement.
(4) When you tell your parents about it.
(5) At the time you fill the university application.
30. What is not a number representation technique inside computer?
(1) ASCII (4) Unicode
(2) EBCDIC (5) BCD
(3) BSD

31. 00010011 2 + 00111110 2 , answer in denary is;

(1) -65 (4) -81
(2) 81 (5) 127
(3) 79

32. What is the correct method of inserting an image into a HTML page?
(1) <img >”waterfall .jpg”></img>
(2) <img src=”waterfall.jpg”>
(3) <img > <src>waterfall.jpg</src></img>
(4) <src img=”waterfall.jpg”></src>
(5) <img > src = “watrefall.jpg”

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 33. Select what is not true from the statements given below.
(1) XML can be used to display content attractively in a Web page.
(2) HTML is a markup language which has a pre-defined tag set.
(3) Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used to describe the
presentation (the look and formatting) of a document written in HTML.
(4) HTML tags MUST be written using only capital letters.
(5) XML does not include pre-defined tag; Users can define their own tag set.

34. Find the correct output for the HTML code given below:

<ol>
<li> Maths Stream </li>
<li> Arts Stream </li>
<li> Commerce Stream </li>
</ol>

1 2 3

• Maths Stream 1. Maths 1. Maths Stream

• Arts Stream 2. Arts 2. Arts Stream
• Commerce Stream 3. Commerce 3. Commerce Stream

4 5
1. Arts Stream
Arts Stream
2. Maths Stream
Maths Stream
3. Commerce Stream
Commerce Stream

35. Select the false statement from the following:

(1) E-Commerce consists of buying and selling of products or services over
electronic systems such as the Internet.
(2) E- Business is an Internet business that applies information and
communication technologies support for all business activities.
(3) E-Commerce will not bring any competitive advantage for business by
reducing the money and time spent on marketing.
(4) Virtual Store-fronts, online marketplaces are some techniques to implement E-
business.
(5) As a negative point in E-business, a customer may not receive what you
believe you have purchased.

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 36. Select the incorrect statement from the following:
Google groups, social networks and blogging are:
(1) ways of communicating among a group of members sharing various
resources.
(2) used in e-commerce to promote goods and services among the community.
(3) ways of sending electronic mails or messages to friends overseas.
(4) methods of sharing information using Internet and will help in finding friends
of similar interest.
(5) not being used to do any of the above activities.
(6)
37. What would be not a C2C transaction from the following?

(1) Anne wants to sell her laptop and she posts it on e-bay.
(2) Sri Lankan government purchases machinery from UK government.
(3) Saman buys an air ticket from Sri Lankan air-line online.
(4) “ABC” supermarket chain decides to launch a Web site to sell their products.
(5) A manufacturer purchases goods from a supplier.

38. The following are various IP addresses in binary. Select the class B address.
(1) 10111110 .00000000 .00001111 . 11011011
(2) 00001111.01010101.10110011.00000001
(3) 11011011. 00000000 .00000000 .11111110
(4) 01101001 .11110000 .11111110 .00001111
(5) None of the above
39. What are the features of TCP?
(1) Connection-less, reliable (4) Connection oriented,
(2) Connection oriented, unreliable
reliable (5) None of the above
(3) Connection-less,
unreliable

40. Which statement explains the function of DNS protocol?

(1) Converts IP address to MAC address
(2) Is used to find out MAC address if IP address is known
(3) Converts Domain Name into an IP address
(4) Is used to find out IP address if MAC address is known
(5) None of the above

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 41. Which of the following statement is False?

(1) Local Area Network (LAN) is usually a small network constrained to a small
geographic area
(2) Wide Area Network (WAN) that is usually a larger network that covers a
large geographic area
(3) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), which is used for city area.
(4) All of the above
(5) None of the above

42. Which is not the function of an Operating System?

(1) Application management
(2) Memory Management
(3) IO device management
(4) Process Management
(5) Disk Management
43. Which of the following belongs to the ISO-OSI layer stack?
(1) TCP Layer and IP Layer (4) a and b
(2) Application Layer and (5) None of the above
Data-Link Layer
(3) TCP Layer and
Application Layer

44. Which of the following is a responsibility of the Data-Link layer?

(1) Establishing the link. (4) Session Control .

(2) Performing routing (5) Dialog control
functions.
(3) Segmentation and
reassembly of data.

45. Find out the subnet mask of the IP address 125.54.2.100/24.

(1) 255.255.255.0 (4) 255.255.224.0
(2) 255.255.192.0 (5) 255.0.0.0
(3) 255.255.255.128

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 46. Which of the following is not a private IP address?
(1) 192.169.0.1 (4) 10.16.0.100
(2) 126.0.0.1 (5) 172.30.50.200
(3) 172.31.16.5

47. Which of the following statements is true?

(1) All ports of a switch are (4) Class E IP addresses are
in one collision domain. reserved for Multicasting.
(2) Segmentation occurs at (5) None of the above
the Data-Link layer.
(3) FTP is an Application
layer protocol.

48. Which of the following statements is True?

(1) STP cables are highly (4) Address learning is not a
affected by the distortion. function of a switch.
(2) Anycasting was (5) None of the above
introduced in IPv6.
(3) RIP is a link state routing
protocol.

49. Find the sum with different bases for the expression below
1012 + 1018 + 10116

(1) 303 2 (4) 3038

(2) 30310 (5) 327 8
(3) 327 10 (6) None of the above

50. Convert 0.011012 into decimal equivalent.

(1) 0.0402 (4) 0.406

(2) 0.40625 (5) None of the above
(3) 0.4025

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 20 – Information and Communication Technology
Paper II
Answer all questions of part A
Answer four questions only of part B

PART A

1.
Consider the following relational schema.

Student ( studNo: char(4), studName varchar(50), subjectCode char(4), marks float)

Subject(subjectCode char(4), subjectName)

a) Name one foreign key in the above relational schema.

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b) Write a SQL statement to create the “Student” table. Assume that the Subject table is
already created. Consider the primary key and foreign key constraints.
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 c) Write a SQL query to display the following output.

stud5ame subject5ame marks

Amara Maths 25

Kamal Science 30

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d) Create a database view to display the above output of part (b).
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e) If the two tables contain no data, what is the order that you have to follow when
inserting data into two tables?
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Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 Start

total = 0

count = 0

Input Marks

count > 0

Marks<> -999

avg = total/count

Print “No marks

total = total + marks has been
Print avg entered”

count = count + 1

Input Marks Stop

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 a) Convert the above flow chart into pseudocode
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b) Identify the control structures found in the pseudocode

data = [20,30,50,70, 90, 110]

for no in data:

print no

if no > 50:

break

print n

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c) What would be the output of the above code?

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 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
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d) If the break statement of the above code is replaced with continue what would be the
output of the above code?
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2.

a) What are the characteristics of information?

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b) A hospital wants to find the amount of Dengue patients treated annually over the past
ten years and they have patient data for the last 10 years. They decide to hire a person
to do this task manually. Do you think it will be successful? Comment on this
situation.

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c) Briefly describe “Software Piracy” and “Software Privacy”.

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 3.
a) Amal has been selected to do a software project for a client in USA. What would be
the cost effective techniques that he can use to arrange for meetings with his client?.
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b) Explain three factors that should be considered when designing a Web site as a Web
developer.
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c) Describe two differences between HTML and XML.
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d) Draw the output for the HTML and CSS codes given below.

<html>
<head>

<style type="text/css">
h1 { text-align: center; font-
size:50; }
p{ font-size:25; }
</style>
</head>

<body>
<h1>Hello World!</h1>
<p>I am a Student.</p>
</body>
</html>

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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e) Write HTML code for the following output. (Just write the content of the body part of
the HTML code)

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f) Describe three advantages of e-business over conventional business.

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 PART B

1.
a) Prove the Boolean identity a + bc = (a + b)(a + c) using a truth table.
b) Apply De Morgan’s Theorem to the following expression to simplify into sum of
products (SOP) form.

abcd + e
c) Draw the timing diagram of the output for the given inputs represented by the timing
diagram for the following AND gate.

d) Consider the circuit diagram given below to write the answers for the following
questions:

i. Find the Boolean expression for the above circuit output x.

ii. Convert the above output x into standard sum of products from (SOP).
iii. Convert the above part ii results into product of sum from (POS)

Paper structure and Sample questions for G.C.E. (A/L) examination 2011
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 e) Use K-map method to simplify the function and write all possible minimal sum of
products expressions.

f (a, b, c, d ) = ∑ min(0,1,3,9,11,12,14,15)

2.
a) Briefly describe the following terms in relation to the Operating System

i. Bootstrap Program
ii. Kernel
iii. Interrupts
iv. Process Control Block
v. Multiprogramming
vi. Swap Out

b) What are the three main purposes of an Operating System?

c) When the program is in execution, we named that as a process. Briefly describe two
differences between process and a program.
d) What are the major activities of an Operating System in regard to process management?
e) Briefly describe the use of long-term scheduler. Should the scheduler be implemented in
a timesharing system? Justify your answer.
f) What is context switching and when does it occur?
g) For each of the following transitions between process states, indicate whether the
transition is possible, and for each possible transition, give an example that would cause
the transition.

i. Running → Ready.
ii. Running → Waiting.
iii. Waiting →Running.
iv. Running →Terminated.

h) What are the advantages and disadvantages of cache memory?

i) What are the main differences between SRAM and DRAM? Which type is used for main
memory in a system?

3.

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 a) Consider the following information gathered related to a hospital.

• Patients are identified by National Identity card number (NIC), name, address and
age. A patient can be uniquely identified by the NIC.
• Doctors are identified by doctor id, name and specialty, base hospital ID and base
hospital name. One doctor may have more than one specialization. A doctor can
be uniquely identified by the doctor id.
• Every patient is examined by one or more doctors and a doctor may examine one
or more patients.
• Patient’s family member details are also recorded at the hospital. Family member
is identified by name, address and relationship with the patient. Family member of
a particular patient can be uniquely identified by name. Once patient is
discharged, that is once patient details are removed from the system family
member information are of no use.

i. Hospital management has decided to design a system for the above

requirement. Draw an Entity-Relationship diagram (ER diagram) for the
above requirement.
ii. Write the relational schema for the above ER diagram. Clearly indicate the
foreign keys (if any) in your schema.
iii. It is noted that following functional dependency exists in the given
scenario.
base hospital id -> base hospital name
iv. Normalize the above schema up to 3rd normal form. Clearly indicate the
steps and provide the normalized schema for the final set of tables.

4.

a) The Education Ministry is considering implementing an office automation system at their

head office.
i. What do you understand by an office automation system? Give examples
ii. What are the advantages and disadvantages of an office automation system?
iii. A consultant suggests that this system should be developed under the Iterative
Waterfall Model. Further, he suggests that, as the first step, a feasibility study has
to be undertaken. Explain feasibility study and different aspects of it.
iv. Explain the purpose of iteration in the Iterative Waterfall Model.

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 b) Discuss the difference between Waterfall Model and Prototype Model for system
development. When do you think a Prototype Model is better than Waterfall Model for
systems development?
c) A school decides to build an information system for its library. The following is the list
of requirements for this library system. Classify these requirements as “functional” or
“non-functional “requirements.
Requirement Functional/Non-
functional
User can find books for a given author name using the system.
The system must respond to all user interactions within 3
seconds
The user can view the list of books he borrowed through the
system

d) Compare black box and white box testing approaches.

5.
a) Correct the errors in the python code given below to produce the output given

def powertable(no)

for exp in (1,12)

print no," ^ ",exp," = ",no**exp

powertable(2)

Expected output

2 ^ 1 = 2

2 ^ 2 = 4

2 ^ 3 = 8

2 ^ 12 = 4096

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 b) The code below defines a class called Rectangle

class Rectangle:

def __init__(self,x,y):

self.x = x

self.y = y

def area(self):

return self.x * self.y

def perimeter(self):

return 2 * self.x + 2 * self.y

def display(self):

print "x = ", self.x, " y = ", self.y

Write coding to create an object with the length and width 100 and 50. Display the
length and width of the rectangle. In addition print the area and the perimeter of the
rectangle.

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 c) Rainfall figures of different districts are stored in a file called rainfall.dat

Rainfall.dat (District, janrainfall, febrainfall, marrainfall,…. Decrainfall). The rainfall

figures are in mm.

Colombo,88, 96,118,260,353,212,140, 124,153,354,324,175

Nuwara Eliya, 145,76,97,153,238,266,223,179,165,222,209,191

Trincomalee, 211, 95,48,77,68,18,54,103,89,235,355,374

Hambantota, 101, 58,66, 109,121,55,43,42, 45,126,167,187,121

The program below has been written to produce the following report.

No District total (mm) avg (mm) avg (inches)

1 Colombo 2397 99.75 7.86

2 Nuwara Eliya 2164 180.33 7.10

3 Trincomalee 1727 143.91 5.67

4 Hambantota 1241 103.41 4.07

Complete the missing lines

# Files question

def total(rainfalllist):

# compute total

total = 0

for rainfall in __________

____________

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 return total

def inches(______

return mm/25.4

f = open("rainfall.dat")

line = f.readline()

i = 1

print "No", "District", "total(mm)", "avg(mm)","avg

(inches)"

while (line != ''):

record = line.strip("\n").split(",")

totalrainfall=total(_____)

print _____________

i += 1

line = ______________

f.close()

6.

a) You are required to design a Network for a company. Following are the requirements for
the network.

• Have to network 10 computers.

• It should include one network printer.
• Need to connect with the branch of the company (10 km away) and requires
continuous data transmission between company and the branch.
• Required Internet connectivity.

i. Draw the basic network diagram including LAN side and WAN side. You need to
show how such a network is practically implemented.
ii. Clearly write the network devices and transmission media used.

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 iii. Explain the network devices you used including Main task of the device it
operates, in which layer of OSI model, Number of collision domains and Number
of broadcast domains.
iv. What is the connectivity used to connect with other branches and explain it.
v. Explain the way you obtain Internet connection.

b) Give the most suitable transmission media for the following cases.
Available transmission media are, Twisted pair cables - UTP or STP, Coaxial cables,
Optical fiber cables, Radio transmission, Satellite transmission.
i. To receive a live telecast of the Olympics from China to Sri Lanka.
ii. Two buildings in either side of a river / canal. need to connect the computer
networks of these two buildings.
iii. To set up a Computer Netwbrk, this includes 20 computers within a floor.
iv. Need to lay down data cables close to the 33000V power lines.

c) PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) method is used to convert analog signals into digital
signals
i. Write the basic three steps involved in PCM method.
ii. Write down the Sampling Theorem (Nyquist's Theorem)
iii. Bandwidth of an analog signal is 4 - 8 kHz. What should be the minimum
sampling rate?
iv. If we have 256 quantizing levels, how many bits are required to represent each
sample?
v. What is the output bit rate?
vi. How can be increasing the quality of the output signal using sampling rate?

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