Sexual Reproduction

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in Flowering Plants

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

“This question bank includes previous years' CUET and CBSE MCQs, along with questions curated by
Hitbullseye's subject experts.”

1. Choose the option that gives the correct number of pollen grains that will be formed after 325
microspore mother cells undergo microsporogenesis.

(a) 325 (b) 650 (c) 1300 (d) 975

2. Match the correct Structures given in Column I with the Fruits in Column II in the chart given below:

Column I (Structure) Column II (Fruit)

P. Perisperm i. Maize
Q. Thalamus ii. Black pepper
R. Pericarp iii. Strawberry
S. Endosperm iv. Mango

(a) P-i, Q-ii, R-iii, S-ii (b) P-ii, Q-iii, R-iv, S-i
(c) P-iii, Q-i, R-i, S-iii (d) P-iv, Q-i, R-ii, S-iv

3. Which one of the following is not found in a female gametophyte of an Angiosperm?

(a) Germ pore (b) Synergids (c) Filiform apparatus (d) Central cell

4. Self-pollination is fully ensured if

(a) The flower is bisexual. (b) The style is longer than the filament.
(c) The flower is cleistogamous. (d) The time of pistil and anther maturity is different.

5. Cleistogamous flowers are self-pollinated because

(a) they are bisexual flowers which do not open at all.

(b) they are bisexual and open flowers.
(c) they are unisexual.
(d) their stigma matures before the anthers dehisce.

6. Assertion (A): Endosperm is completely consumed during the development of embryo in ex-
albuminous seeds.
Reason (R): Castor, pea and beans are all examples of ex-albuminous seeds.

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

7. Which of the following seeds have remained alive for the longest period?

(a) Phoenix dactylifera (b) Striga asiatica (c) Mangifera indica (d) Yucca gigantean

8. Which of the following structures is well-developed in a mature seed of black pepper?

(a) Perisperm (b) Thalamus (c) Sepals (d) Peduncle

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9. Select the option that shows the correctly identified ‘U’, ‘X’, ‘Y’ and ‘Z’ in a developing dicot
embryo.

(a) X - Plumule (2n), Y - Suspensor (n), Z - Cotyledon (2n), U - Radicle (2n).

(b) X - Plumule (2n), Y - Suspensor (2n), Z - Radicle (2n), U - Cotyledon (2n).
(c) X - Suspensor (2n), Y - Cotyledon (2n), Z - Radicle (2n), U - Plumule (2n).
(d) X - Cotyledon (2n), Y - Radicle (n), Z - Plumule (n), U - Suspensor (n).

10. In which of the following plants are both male and female flowers born on the same plant and the
mode of pollination can be geitonogamy or xenogamy?

(a) Papaya (b) Date Palm (c) Maize (d) Spinach

11. Match the items in Column I with those in Column II and select the correctly matched option from
those given below :

Column I (Cross) Column II (Phenotypic Ratio)

1. Mendelian monohybrid (i) 1 : 2 : 1 (F2)
2. Mendelian dihybrid (ii) 1 : 1
3. Incomplete dominance (iii) 3 : 1 (F2)
4. Test cross (monohybrid) (iv) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 (F2)

Options :

(a) 1-(ii), 2-(iv), 3-(i), 4-(iii) (b) 1-(iii), 2-(i), 3-(iv), 4-(ii)
(c) 1-(iii), 2-(iv), 3-(i), 4-(ii) (d) 1-(ii), 2-(i), 3-(iv), 4-(iii)

12. An angiosperm embryo sac is located within the :

(a) Placenta (b) Megasporangium (c) Nucellus (d) Ovary

13. The part of the ovule that develops into protective coats of a seed after fertilization in a typical
flowering plant is :

(a) embryo sac (b) nucellus (c) integuments (d) megaspore

14. In which one of the following floral plants are many embryos formed in the seeds without fertilisation
of the egg cell ?

(a) Black pepper (b) Mustard (c) Groundnut (d) Citrus

15. A Snapdragon plant bearing pink colour flowers is crossed with a Snapdragon plant bearing white
colour flowers. The expected phenotypic percentage of the offspring is :

(a) 50% Red : 50% White (b) 25% Red : 50% Pink : 25% White
(c) 50% Pink : 50% White (d) 25% Pink : 50% Red : 25% White
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16. Two statements are given one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select
the correct answer to these questions from the codes (A), (B), (c) and (d) as given below.

Assertion (A): The zygote gives rise to heart-shaped embryo and subsequently proembryo in most
angiosperms.
Reason (R): The zygote is present at the micropylar end of the embryo sac and develops into an
embryo.

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

17. In a fertilized ovule of an angiosperm, the cells in which n, 2n and 3n conditions respectively occur
are :

(a) antipodal, zygote and endosperm (b) zygote, nucellus and endosperm
(c) endosperm, nucellus and zygote (d) antipodals, synergids and integuments

18. Study the following diagram of Transverse Section of a young anther of an angiosperm :

Select the option where parts ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correctly identified.

(a) A – Connective, B – Endothecium, C – Pollen grain.

(b) A – Endothecium, B – Connective, C – Pollen grain.
(c) A – Pollen grain, B – Connective, C – Endothecium.
(d) A – Endothecium, B – Pollen grain, C – Connective

19. Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below :
Assertion (A): A given fig species can be pollinated only by its partner’ wasp.
Reason (R): The wasp pollinates the fig inflorescence while searching for suitable egg laying sites.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (a) is true, but (R) is false.
(d) (a) is false, but (R) is true.
20. A phenomenon where a male insect mistakenly identified the patterns of a orchid flower as the female
insect partner, and tries to copulate and thereby pollinates the flower is said to be:

(a) Pseudocopulation (b) Pseudopollination

(c) Pseudoparthenocarpy (d) Pseudofertilisation
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21. Identify the correct labellings in the figure of a fertilised embryo sac of an angiosperm given below:

(a) A-zygote, B-degenerating synergids, C-degenerating antipodals, D-PEN

(b) A-degenerating synergids, B-zygote, CPEN, D-degenerating antipodals
(c) A-degenerating antipodals, B-PEN, C degenerating synergids, D-zygote
(d) A-degenerating synergids, B-zygote, C-degenerating antipodals

22. The pollen tube mostly enters the embryo sac through:

(a) Chalazal end (b) Laterally (c) Antipodals (d) Micropylar End

23. The embryo sac is also known as:

(a) Megaspore (b) Female Gametophyte

(c) Megasporohyll (d) Megagamete

24. Testa of a seed is produced from:

(a) Ovary Wall (b) Hilum

(c) Outer integument of ovule (d) Funicle

25. Identify the diploid cells present in the ovule:

(A) Outer integument (B) Antipodal (C) Nucellus (D) Synergids

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) (A), (B), only (b) (A), (C), only (c) (B), (C), only (d) (B), (D), only

26. Which layer of microsporangium is nutritive in function?

(a) Epidermis (b) Endothecium (c) Middle Layers (d) Tapetum

27. Yucca plant shows _________

(a) Flower with non-sticky pollen grains (b) Water pollination

(c) Large feather stigma (d) Moth is a partner to complete the life cycle

28. ______ is an aquatic plant showing insect pollination

(a) Hydrilla (b) Vallisneria (c) Zostera (d) Water Lilly

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29. Match List I with List II.

List I List II
A. Wind Pollination I. Bees
B. Water pollination II. Grass
C. Major insect pollinator III. Zostera
D. Tallest flower IV. Amorphophallus

Choose the correct answer form the options given below:

(a) A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV (b) A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
(c) A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV (d) A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

30. Which of the following is NOT a feature of an insect-pollinated plant?

(a) Light and non-sticky pollen grains (b) Flowers are large and colourful
(c) Presence of nectar (d) Flower with fragrance

31. Grasses show pollination by

(a) Water (b) Insect (c) Wind (d) Animals

32. Which of these are the carriers of male gametes in some seed plants?

(a) Microspore mother cells (b) Pollen Grains

(c) Anthers (d) Megaspore mother cells

33. In flowering plants, the egg apparatus consists of:

(a) Three antipodals and one egg cell (b) Two synergids and one central cell
(c) Two synergids and one egg cell (d) Three antipodals and two synergids

34. Types of cells in 2-celled pollen grains are ________.

(a) Central cell and Synergids (b) Antipodals and Megaspore

(c) Micropylar and Filliform (d) Vegetative and Generative

35. The vital link that ensures the continuity of species between organisms of one generation and the next
generation is

(a) Male gamete (b) Female gamete (c) Zygote (d) Syngamy

36. Arrange the following stages of development of a dicot embryo in the order of their occurrence:

(A) Formation of heart shaped embryo (B) Formation of typical dicot embryo
(C) Formation of zygote (D) Formation of globular embryo

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) (A), (B), (C), (D) (b) (C), (D), (A), (B) (c) (C), (A), (B), (D) (d) (D), (A), (B), (C)
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37. Motile asexual reproductive units are called _________.

(a) Conidia (b) Zoospores (c) Buds (d) Gametes

38. Match List – I with List – II.

LIST – I LIST – II
A. Wheat I. Perisperm
B. Black pepper II. Polyembryony
C. Cashew III. Albuminous seed
D. Citrus IV. False fruits

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A – III, B – II, C – I, D – IV (b) A – II, B – I, C – III, D – IV

(c) A – III, B – I, C – IV, D – II (d) A – I, B – II, C – IV, D – III

39. The endosperm is absent in the seed of:

(a) Wheat (b) Castor (c) Maize (d) Pea

40. Which of the following structures have 3n (triploid) number of chromosomes?

(a) Zygote (b) Megaspore mother cell

(c) Primary endosperm cell (d) Synergids

41. The fruits that develop without fertilization are called as

(a) True fruits (b) False fruits

(c) Parthenocarpic fruits (d) Hybrid fruit
42. In some plants, the ovary develops into fruit without fertilization. This phenomenon is called:

(a) Apomixis (b) Asexual reproduction

(c) Sexual reproduction (d) Parthenocarpy

43. The cotyledon in the seed of grass family is called:

(a) Coleoptile (b) Coleorrhiza (c) Epiblast (d) Scutellum

44. The fruit which develops without fertilisation is called:

(a) True fruit (b) Parthenocarpic fruit (c) False fruit (d) Polyembryonic fruit

45. Match List – I with List – II.

List – I (Name of the part) List – II (characteristics)

A. Non – albuminous seed I. Residual endosperm present
B. Albuminous seed II. Fruit wall
C. Perisperm III. Residual endosperm absent
D. Pericarp IV. Residual nucellus

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A – I, B – II, C – IV, D – III (b) A – II, B – I, C – III, D – IV

(c) A – III, B – I, C – IV, D – II (d) A – III, B – IV, C – I, D – II
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46. Amoebic dysentery is caused by:

(a) Amoeba proteus (b) Entamoeba gingivalis

(c) Amoeba verrucosa (d) Entamoeba histolytica

47. Fruit that develops only from the ovary are called-

(a) False fruits (b) Parthenocarpic fruits

(c) True fruits (d) Apomictic fruits

48. Perisperm differs from endosperm in that it is-

(a) Haploid having reserved food (b) Polyploid having reserved food
(c) Triploid having no reserved food (d) Diploid having no reserved food

49. Select the appropriate options concerning post-fertilization changes in Angiosperms.

A. Inner integument of ovule develops into tegmen.

B. Ovary wall forms pericarp
C. Ovule forms fruit
D. Zygote forms endosperm
E. Outer integument of ovule develops into Testa

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) B, E only (b) A, B, E only (c) C, D, B only (d) A, C, B only

50. Match List – I with List – II.

List – I List – II
(A) Polyembryony (I) Apple
(B) Parthenocarpy (II) Female gametophyte
(C) False Fruit (III) Orange
(D) Embryo Sac (IV) Banana

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) (A) – (III), (B) – (I), (C) – (II), (D) – (IV) (b) (A) – (III), (B) – (IV), (C) – (I), (D) – (II)
(c) (A) – (I), (B) – (IV), (C) – (III), (D) – (II) (d) (A) – (I), (B) – (IV), (C) – (II), (D) – (III)
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Answer Key
Q. No Key Explanation
1. C 1300
No. of pollen formed form 1 microspore mother cell = 4.
So, no. of pollen formed from 325 microspare mother cells = 325 × 4 = 1300
2. B P-(ii), Q – (iii), R-(iv), S-(i)
Perisperm – Blackpepper
Thalamus – Strawberry
Pericarp – Mango
Endosperm – Maize.
3. A Germ pores are small openings present in pollen grains (male gametophyts) through which the intine
protrudes to form the pollen tube.
4. C The flower is cleistogamous.
Cleistogamous flowers are the ones which remain closed & hence ensures self pollination.
5. A They are bisexual flowers which don’t open.
Cleistogamous flowers remain closed always and male & female sex organs are present in same
flower thus ensures self pollination.
6. C Assertion is true, but Reason (R) is flase.
Wheat, maize, barley, castor are albuminous seeds as endosperm is not completly used up.
7. A A Recent record of 2000 year old viable seed of date plam, Phoenix dactylifera discovered during the
archeological excavation at king Herod’s palace near dead sea.
8. A Perisperm
In some seeds, remnants of nucellus are also persistent, called perisperm.
e.g. Black peeper and beet.
9. C The given diagram is of a mature embryo in which
x – represents a row of supspensar (2n)
y – represents – diploid Cotyledous (2n)
Z – represents – diploid Radicle (2n)
U – represent diploid Plumule (2n)
10. C Maize plant is monoecious/bisexual i.e. both male & female flowers are borne on same plants but at
various places. Male flowers, known as tassels, are produced near plant apex, while female flowers,
known as ears, are produced towards plant base. Therefore, pollination is either geitonogamy or
xenogamy.
11. C Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
Human chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) haromone is only produced during pregnancy – almost
exclusively by the placentra. HCG level found in maternal blood & urine increases dramatically
during first trimester and may contribute to nausea & vomiting that are often associated with
pregnancy.

12. C Nucellus
Enclosed within the integuments is a mass of cells called nucellus. Cells of nucellus have abundant
reserve food materials. Located in the nucellus is the embryo sac or female gametophyte.
13. C Integuments
Integuments of the ovule develops into protective coats of seeds after fertilization.
14. D Citrus
In citrus some of the nuclellar cells surrounding the embryo sac start dividing, protrude into
embroysac and develop into embryos. Occurrence of more than one embryo in a seed is referred to as
polyembryony.
15. C 50% Pink : 50% White
The snapdragon Red color of flower (RR) is dominant over white color of flower (rr), but Rr
represents pink color flower due to incomplete Dominance

Rr x rr
R r
r Rr rr
r Rr Rr
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50% - Pink Color flower: 50% White colour flower.

16. D Assertion is false but Reason is true zygote gives rise to proembryo and subsequently to globular,
heart-shaped and mature embryo.

17. A Antipodal, zygote and endosperm.

In a fertilized ovule of an angiosperm, antipodal cells are haploid (n), zygote is diploid (2h) whereas
endosperm is triploid (3n)
18. A A – Connective, B – Endothecium, C – Pollen grain.
The given diagram represents TS of young anther of an angiosperm in dehisced scale in which A
signify connective, B - Endothecium, and C - signify Pollen grain
19. A Fig species and wasp represents mutualism in which both interacting partners are mutually benefited.
20. A Pseudocopulation
Pseudocopulation is a phenomenon where a male insect mistakenly identified the pattern of a orchid
flower a the female insect partner & tries to copulate & thereby pollinates the flower.
21. B A – Degenerating synergids, B – Zygote, C-PEN, D-Dengenertating antipodals.
Since zygote/egg is present towards the synergids so A is degenerating synergid whereas D is
degenerating antipodal.
22. D Pollen tube enters embryo sac through Micropylar end is called porogamy.
23. B The embryo sac is also known as female gametophyte.
24. C Testa of a seed is produced from outer integument of ovule.
25. B Diploid cell present in ovule are Integuments & nucellus.
26. D Microsporangium has four layers in its wall. Outer to inner they are - the epidermis, endothecium,
middle layer and tapetum. The outer 3 layers provide protection. Tapetum provides nutrition to the
developing pollen grains.

The layer of microsporangium which provides nutrition to developing pollen is Tapetum

27. D Yucca plant and moth show a mutualistic relationship. Both are interconnected and dependent on
each other for survival. The moth’s larva depends on the seeds of the Yucca plant for food whereas
the Yucca plant can be pollinated only by the Yucca moth.

Yucca plant requires yucca moth to complete its life cycle i.e it is an example of symbiosis.
28. D Water hyacinth is an aquatic plant showing insect pollination. It is not buried inside water so it is not
pollinated by water. It is on the surface so the Pollination takes place with the help of insects and
wind.

Water lilly is an aquatic plant in which pollination occurs through insects i.e. Entomophily.
29. D Wind pollination is a form of pollination where pollen is distributed by wind. Example- all
gymnosperms and grasses. Water pollination occurs in plants that are submerged in water. Example -
Zostera. Bees are the major insect pollinators. The tallest flower is Amorphophallus.

Type of pollination Pollinating agents

A Wind Pollination Grass
B Water Pollination Zostera
C Major Insect Pollination Bee
D Tallest Flower Amorphophallus
30. A Insect-pollinated flowers are large and attractive with brightly coloured petals and fragrant flowers to
attract the insects for pollination. Their pollens are often sticky or spiky which helps them to get
attached to the legs and body of the insect. Whereas the light and non-sticky pollen are characteristic
of wind-pollinated flowers.

Insect pollinated plants are not having light & non sticky pollen grains.
31. C Grasses show pollination by the wind that is they are anemophilous.

Grasses show pollination by wind

32. B The pollen grains represent the male gametophytes i.e, they produce gametes.

Carrier of male gametes in seeded plants is pollen grains.

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33. C

Egg apparatus consists of synergids & one egg cell.

34. D 2 celled pollen grain has two Vegetative & 1 generative cell.
35. C Reproduction ensures the continuity of the species. It is a process of the formation of a new organism
from already existing ones. When there is a fusion of male and female gametes, the zygote is formed
which is capable of becoming an independent individual after proper development. So, the vital link
that ensures the continuity of species from one generation to the next is zygote

Zygote ensures the continuity of species b/w organism of one generation & the next generation.
36. B Steps in development of dicot embryo-

- formation of Zygote
↓
- formation of Globular embryo

↓
- formation of Heart shape embryo
↓
- formation of typical dicot embryo
37. B The motile asexual reproductive units are called Zoospores.
38. C
LIST – I LIST –
I
Wheat Albuminous seed
Black pepper Perisperm
Cashew False fruits
Citrus Polyembryony
39. D The Pea, Pisum sativum, The endosperm is completely consumed. Hence it is an example of non-
endospermic seeds.
40. C PEC is a 3N cell, as it is formed as a result of fusion of 2 polar nuclei & 1 Male gametic nuclei.
41. C The fruits that develop without fertilization are called Parthenocarpic fruits
42. D Parthenocarply is a phenomenon in which ovary develops into fruit without fertilization.
43. D The Scutellum in Grass family / monocots is called as cotyledon.
44. B The fruits which develops without fertilization are called as parthenocarpic fruits.

45. C
Name of part Characteristics
Non – albuminous seed Residual endosperm absent
Albuminous seed Residual endosperm present
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.Perisperm Residual nucellus

Pericarp Fruit wall
46. D Entamoeba histolytica causes amoebic dysentry
47. C After fertilization if a fruit develops from the mature and ripened ovary, it is known as true fruit
whereas a fruit developed from any other floral part of the flower with or without the involvement of
the ovary is known as false fruit.

The fruit which develop from ovary are called true fruits whereas the one which develops from part
other than ovary are called false fruit.
48. D Perisperm differs from endosperm in being a diploid tissue. Endosperm is formed after triple fusion
i.e. when a male gamete fuses with the polar nuclei. There are two polar nuclei so after fusion, a
triploid cell is formed. Perisperm represents the persistent remains of nucellus. It is diploid (2n) in
nature.

Endosperm is triploid (3n), having reserve food material whereas perisperm is diploid (2n) without
food reserve.
49. B The correct option is B. Ovule forms seeds. Zygote forms embryo.

Post fertilization events in angiospersm include:

- Endosperm development from PEN (3n)
- Embryo development from Zygote (2n)
- Development of seed & fruit.
50. B
List – I List – II
Polyembryony Orange
Parthenocarpy Banana
False Fruit Apple
Embryo Sac Female gametophyte