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The Indian Constitution, effective from January 26, 1950, was drafted by a Constituent Assembly that considered various global constitutions and the unique cultural context of India. Key constitutional values include the sovereignty of the people, which emphasizes that the government derives its authority from the citizens, and the separation of powers to prevent the concentration of power. These principles ensure that the government operates within the framework established by the Constitution, safeguarding the rights and powers of the people.

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17 views

Block-1 23

The Indian Constitution, effective from January 26, 1950, was drafted by a Constituent Assembly that considered various global constitutions and the unique cultural context of India. Key constitutional values include the sovereignty of the people, which emphasizes that the government derives its authority from the citizens, and the separation of powers to prevent the concentration of power. These principles ensure that the government operates within the framework established by the Constitution, safeguarding the rights and powers of the people.

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mail2sasikumaraml
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Constitutional Values

2) Why must a citizen be aware of the Constitution and the values enshrined
in it?
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2.4 CONSTITUTIONAL VALUES


The Indian Constitution came into force on 26th January 1950. Before the
commencement of the Constitution, India was governed by the Government of
India Act, 1935. A Constituent Assembly was set up in 1946 to draft the Indian
Constitution. The Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution of India on
November 26, 1949. The provisions of the Constitution were drafted after taking
into consideration the working of several constitutions in the world. The study
of different constitutions across the world and their working enriched the
experience and understanding of the constitution framers. As a result, India today
has a unique, elaborate and a modern Constitution. The rich cultural heritage,
diversity of languages and religion, and the problems of partition in our country
also immensely influenced the framers of the constitution on the constitutional
values that need to be adopted. Let us now briefly analyse those constitutional
values.

2.4.1 Sovereignty of the People


The Constitution grants powers to the government and sets rules for the
government to follow while using such powers. Though the Constitution provides
power to the government, it receives this authority to confer such powers from
the people. People are the source of the Constitution and the Constitution
emanates from them. Therefore, the ultimate source of validity and legitimacy
to the Constitution are the people.

The Preamble of the Constitution of India states: “We the people of India …do
hereby adopt, enact and give to ourselves this Constitution”. Therefore it is evident
that the people are sovereign and they hold the ultimate power. People rule
themselves through elected representatives who are bound by the constitution
created by the people. Thus, in India all the powers lie with the people. The
government can only govern the citizens in accordance with the power given by
the people through the Constitution. If the government abuses the power given
by the people, they have a right to overthrow the government, but only legal
means.

2.4.2 Separation of Powers


It is an old saying that “Power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely”.
Concentration of power in one organ of the government would result in
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