Chapter 14

Probability
DPP

14.1 Probability-A Theoretical 5. A card is drawn at random from a well-

Approach shuffled pack of 52 cards. The probability
MCQ that the card drawn is not an ace is
1
(a)
13
1. In a group of 20 people, 5 can't swim. If one (b)
9
person is selected at random, then the 13
4
probability that he/she can swim, is (c)
13
3 12
(a) (d) (2023)
4 13
1
(b) DIRECTIONS : In the question number 6,
3
(c) 1 a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by
1
(d) (2023) a statement of Reason (R). Choose the
4
correct option out of the following :
2. Probability of happening of an event is
denoted by 𝑝 and probability of non-
6. Assertion (A) : The probability that a leap
happening of the event is denoted by 𝑞. 2
Relation between 𝑝 and 𝑞 is year has 53 Sundays is .
7
(a) 𝑝 + 𝑞 = 1 Reason (R) : The probability that a non-leap
(b) 𝑝 = 1, 𝑞 = 1 year has 53 Sundays is .
5
(c) 𝑝 = 𝑞 − 1 7
(d) 𝑝 + 𝑞 + 1 = 0 (2023) (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are
true and Reason (R) is the correct
3. A girl calculates that the probability of her explanation of Assertion (A).
winning the first prize in a lottery is 0.08 .
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are
If 6000 tickets are sold, how many tickets
true and Reason (R) is not the correct
has she bought?
(a) 40 explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) 240 (c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is
(c) 480 false.
(d) 750 (2023) (d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is
true (2023)
4. Two dice are thrown together. The
probability of getting the difference of
7. A bag contains 5 red balls and 𝑛 green balls.
numbers on their upper faces equals to 3 is
1 If the probability of drawing a green ball is
(a) three times that of a red ball, then the value
9
2 of 𝑛 is
(b)
9
1 (a) 18
(c) (b) 15
6
1
(d) (2023) (c) 10
12
(d) 20 (2023)

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8. The probability of getting two heads when chance to tell the probability of picking one
two fair coins are tossed together, is card out of the box.
1 Based on the above, answer the following
(a)
3
1 questions:
(b) (i) The probability that the number on the
4
1
(c) card drawn is an odd prime number, is
2 3
(d) 1 (Term I, 2021-22) (a)
5
2
9. In a single throw of a die, the probability of (b)
5
getting a composite number is 9
1
(c)
20
(a) 7
3 (d)
1 20
(b) (ii) The probability that the number on the
2
2
(c) card drawn is a composite number is
3 11
5 (a)
(d) (Term I, 2021-22) 20
6 3
(b)
10. The probability that a non-leap year has 53 5
4
Wednesdays, is (c)
5
1 1
(a) (d)
7 2
2
(b) (iii) The probability that the number on the
7
5
(c) card drawn is a multiple of 3,6 and 9 is
7 1
6 (a)
(d) (Term I, 2021-22) 20
7
1
11. From the letters of the word 'MANGO', a (b)
10
3
letter is selected at random. The probability (c)
20
that the letter is a vowel, is
1 (d) 0
(a) (iv) The probability that the number on the
5
3
(b) card drawn is a multiple of 3 and 7 is
5
2 3
(c) (a)
5 10
4 1
(d) (Term I, 2021-22) (b)
5 10

12. Case study-based question is compulsory. (c) 0

2
Attempt any 4 sub-parts from question. (d)
5
Each sub-part carries 1 mark. (v) If all cards having odd numbers written
During summer break, Harish wanted to on them are removed from the box and then
play with his friends but it was too hot one card is drawn from the remaining cards,
outside, so he decided to play some indoor
the probability of getting a card having a
game with his friends. He collects 20
prime number is
identical cards and writes the numbers 1 to 1
20 on them (one number on one card). He (a)
20
puts them in a box. He and his friends make 1
(b)
a bet for the chances of drawing various 10
cards out of the box. Each was given a

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 (c) 0 (a) 1/4
1 (b) 1/8
(d) (2021C)
5 (c) 3/4
13. If two different dice are rolled together, the (d) 7/8 (Foreign 2014)
probability of getting an even number on
both dice, is VSA (1 mark)
(a) 1/36
(b) 1/2 19. The probability of an event that is sure to
(c) 1/6 happen, is(NCERT, 2020)
(d) 1/4 (Delhi 2014)
14. A number is selected at random from the 20. If the probability of an event 𝐸 happening
numbers 1 to 30 . The probability that it is a is 0.023 , then 𝑃(𝐸‾ ) = (2020)
prime number is 21. A letter of English alphabet is chosen at
(a) 2/3 random. What is the probability that the
(b) 1/6 chosen letter is a consonant?
(c) 1/3 (2020, Delhi 2015)
(d) 11/30 (Delhi 2014)
15. In a family of 3 children, the probability of 22. A die is thrown once. What is the
having at least one boy is probability of getting a number less than 3?
(a) 7/8 (2020)
(b) 1/8 23. If the probability of winning a game is 0.07
(c) 5/8 , what is the probability of losing it?(2020)
(d) 3/4 (Al 2014)
24. A number is chosen at random from the
numbers −3, −2, −1,0,1,2,3. What will be
16. The probability that a number selected at the probability that square of this number is
random from the numbers 1,2,3, … ,15 is a less than or equal to 1 ? (Delhi 2017)
multiple of 4 , is 25. The probability of selecting a rotten apple
(a) 4/15 randomly from a heap of 900 apples is 0.18
(b) 2/15 . What is the number of rotten apples in the
(c) 1/5 heap? (AI 2017)
(d) 1/3 (AI 2014)
17. A bag contains cards numbered from 1 to
26. Cards marked with number 3,4,5, … ,50 are
25 . A card is drawn at random from the
placed in a box and mixed thoroughly. A
bag. The probability that the number on this
card is drawn at random from the box. Find
card is divisible by both 2 and 3 is
the probability that the selected card bears a
(a) 1/5
perfect square number. (Delhi 2016)
(b) 3/25
(c) 4/25
(d) 2/25 (Foreign 2014) 27. A card is drawn at random from a well
18. Two different coins are tossed shuffled pack of 52 playing cards. Find the
simultaneously. The probability of getting probability of getting neither a red card nor
at least one head is a queen. (Al 2016)

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 35. If a number 𝑥 is chosen at random from the
28. 20 tickets, on which numbers 1 to 20 are numbers −3, −2, −1,0,1,2,3. What is the
written, are mixed thoroughly and then a probability that 𝑥 2 ≤ 4 ? (2020)
ticket is drawn at random out of them. Find
the probability that the number on the
36. Cards numbered 7 to 40 were put in a box.
drawn ticket is a multiple of 3 or 7.
Poonam selects a card at random. What is
(Foreign 2016)
the probability that Poonam selects a card
which is a multiple of 7 ? (2019)
29. Two different dice are tossed together. Find
the probability that the product of the two 37. A card is drawn at random from a pack of
numbers on the top of the dice is 6 (2015) 52 playing cards. Find the probability of
drawing a card which is neither a spade nor
a king. (2019)
30. A game of chance consists of spinning an
arrow which comes to rest pointing at one 38. A pair of dice is thrown once. Find the
of the numbers 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and these are probability of getting
equally likely outcomes. Find the (i) even number on each dice
probability that the arrow will point at any
(ii) a total of 9. (2019C)
factor of 8 . (Foreign 2015)
39. A bag contains some balls of which 𝑥 are
white, 2𝑥 are black and 3𝑥 are red. A ball is
SAI (2 marks) selected at random. What is the probability
that it is
31. A bag contains 4 red, 3 blue and 2 yellow (i) not red
balls. One ball is drawn at random from the
(ii) white? (2019C)
bag. Find the probability that drawn ball is
(i) red (ii) yellow. (2023)
40. A die is thrown once. Find the probability
of getting a number which (i) is a prime
32. If a fair coin is tossed twice, find the number (ii) lies between 2 and 6.
probability of getting 'at most one head'. (Delhi 2019)
(2023)
41. A game consists of tossing a coin 3 times
and noting the outcome each time. If getting
33. A jar contains 18 marbles. Some are red, the same result in all the tosses is a success,
and others are yellow. If a marble is drawn find the probability of losing the game.
at random from the jar, the probability that (Delhi 2019)
2
it is red is . Find the number of yellow
3
marbles in the jar. (2020C) 42. Cards marked with numbers 5 to 50 (one
number on one card) are placed in a box and
34. A die is thrown twice. What is the mixed thoroughly. One card is drawn at
probability that random from the box. Find the probability
(i) 5 will come up at least once, and that the number on the card taken out is
(ii) 5 will not come up either time? (2020C) (i) a prime number less than 10 ,

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 (ii) a number which is a perfect square 51. In a single throw of a pair of different dice,
(Al 2019) what is the probability of getting (i) a prime
number on each dice? (ii) a total of 9 or 11?
43. A child has a die whose 6 faces show the (Delhi 2016)
letters given below:
The die is thrown once. What is the 52. Two different dice are thrown together.
probability of getting Find the probability of :
(i) getting a number greater than 3 on each
(i) A (ii) B? (A) 2019) die
44. An integer is chosen at random between 1 (ii) getting a total of 6 or 7 of the numbers
and 100. Find the probability that it is: on two dice (Delhi 2016)
(i) divisible by 8 53. A box consists of 100 shirts of which 88 are
(ii) not divisible by 8 . (2018) good, 8 have minor defects and 4 have
45. Two different dice are tossed together. Find major defects. Ramesh, a shopkeeper will
the probability: buy only those shirts which are good but
(i) of getting a doublet 'Kewal' another shopkeeper will not buy
(ii) of getting a sum 10 of the numbers on shirts with major defects. A shirt is taken
the two dice. (2018) out of the box at random. What is the
probability that
46. Two different dice are rolled together. Find (i) Ramesh will buy the selected shirt?
the probability of getting: (ii) 'Kewal' will buy the selected shirt?
(i) the sum of numbers on two dice to be 5 . (Delhi 2016)
(ii) even numbers on both dice.
54. Three different coins are tossed together.
(Delhi 2015, Al 2014) Find the probability of getting (i) exactly
47. Rahim tosses two different coins two heads (ii) at least two heads (iii) at least
simultaneously. Find the probability of two tails. (A) 2016)
getting at least one tail. (Delhi 2014) 55. From a pack of 52 playing cards, Jacks,
48. Two different dice are rolled Queens and Kings of red colour are
simultaneously. Find the probability that removed. From the remaining, a card is
the sum of numbers appearing on the two drawn at random. Find the probability that
dice is 10. (Foreign 2014) drawn card is (i) a black King (ii) a card of
SAII (3 marks) red colour (iii) a card of black colour
(AI 2016)
49. Two different dice are thrown together.
Find the probability that the numbers 56. There are 100 cards in a bag on which
obtained numbers from 1 to 100 are written. A card
(i) have a sum less than 7 is taken out from the bag at random. Find
(ii) have a product less than 16 the probability that the number on the
(iii) is a doublet of odd numbers selected card (i) is divisible by 9 and is a
perfect square (ii) is a prime number greater
(Delhi 2017)
than 80 . (Al 2016)
50. A bag contains 15 white and some black
balls. If the probability of drawing a black 57. A game consist of tossing a one-rupee coin
3 times and noting the outcome each time.
ball from the bag is thrice that of drawing a
white ball, find the number of black balls in Ramesh will win the game if all the tosses
the bag. (Al 2017) show the same result, (i.e. either all three

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 heads or all three tails) and loses the game (i) three heads,
otherwise. Find the probability that Ramesh (ii) at least two tails. (Foreign 2015)
will lose the game (Foreign 2016)
64. A bag contains 20 balls out of which 𝑥 balls
58. Three distinct coins are tossed together. are red.
Find the probability of getting (i) If one ball is drawn at random from the
(i) at least 2 heads bag, find the probability that it is not red.
(ii) at most 2 heads (Delhi 2015) (ii) If 4 more red balls are put into the bag,
59. All red face cards are removed from a pack the probability of drawing a red ball will be
5
of playing cards. The remaining cards were times the probability of drawing a red ball
4
well shuffled and then a card is drawn at in the first case. Find the value of 𝑥.
random from them. Find the probability that (Foreign 2015)
the drawn card is
LA (4/5/6 marks)
(i) a red card
(ii) a face card
(iii) a card of club (Delhi 2015)
65. Read the following passage and answer the
60. The probability of selecting a red ball at questions given at the end:
random from a jar that contains only red, Diwali Fair : A game in a booth at a Diwali
1
blue and orange balls is . The probability Fair involves using a spinner first. Then, if
4
of selecting a blue ball at random from the the spinner stops on an even number, the
1 player is allowed to pick a marble from a
same jar is . If the jar contains 10 orange
3 bag. The spinner and the marbles in the bag
balls, find the total number of balls in the
are represented in figure.
jar. (AI 2015)
Prizes are given, when a black marble is
61. A bag contains, white, black and red balls picked. Shweta plays the game once.
only. A ball is drawn at random from the
bag. If the probability of getting a white ball
3 2
is and that of a black ball is , then find
10 5
the probability of getting a red ball. If the
bag contains 20 black balls, then find the
(i) What is the probability that she will be
total number of balls in the bag. (AI 2015)
allowed to pick a marble from the bag?
62. A bag contains 18 balls out of which x balls (ii) Suppose she is allowed to pick a marble
are red. from the bag. what is the probability of
(i) If one ball is drawn at random from the getting a prize, when it is given that the bag
bag. what is the probability that it is not red? contains 20 balls out of which 6 are black?
(ii) If 2 more red balls are put in the bag. the (2020)
9
probability of drawing a red ball will be 66. Peter throws two different dice together and
8
times the probability of drawing a red ball finds the product of the two numbers
in the first case. Find the value of 𝑥. obtained. Rina throws a die and squares the
(Foreign 2015) number obtained. Who has the better
63. A game consists of tossing a one-rupee coin chance to get the number 25 (Delhi 2017)
three times and noting its outcome each 67. Two different dice are thrown together.
time. Find the probability of getting Find the probability that the numbers

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 obtained have 72. A box contains 20 cards numbered from 1
(i) even sum and to 20 . A card is drawn at random from the
(ii) even product (A) 2017) box. Find the probability that the number on
68. A game of chance consists of spinning an the drawn card is
arrow on a circular board, divided into 8 (i) divisible by 2 or 3
equal parts, which comes to rest pointing at (ii) a prime number (Delhi 2015)
one of the numbers 1,2,3, ..., 8 as shown in 73. A bag contains 25 cards numbered from 1
the given figure which are equally likely to 25 . A card is drawn at random from the
outcomes. What is the probability that the bag. Find the probability that the number on
arrow will point at (i) an odd number (ii) a the drawn card is
number greater than 3 (iii) a number less (i) divisible by 3 or 5
than 9. (ii) a perfect square number (Delhi 2015)
74. A card is drawn at random from a well-
shuffled deck of playing cards. Find the
probability that the card drawn is
(i) a card of spade or an ace.
(ii) a black king.
69. A number 𝑥 is selected at random from the (iii) neither a jack nor a king.
numbers 1,2,3 and 4 . Another number 𝑦 is (iv) either a king or a queen. (Al 2015)
selected at random from the numbers 1,4,9
and 16 . Find the probability that product of 75. A box contains cards bearing number from
𝑥 and 𝑦 is less than 16 . (Al 2016) 6 to 70 . If one card is drawn at random from
the box, find the probability that it bears
70. A number 𝑥 is selected at random from the (i) a one digit number.
numbers 1,4,9,16 and another number 𝑦 is (ii) a number divisible by 5 .
selected at random from the numbers (iii) an odd number less than 30.
1,2,3,4. Find the probability that the value (iv) a composite number between 50 and 70
of 𝑥𝑦 is more than 16 . (Al 2016)
(Foreign 2015)
71. The given figure shows a disc on which a
𝑎 76. A bag contains cards numbered from 1 to
player spins an arrow twice. The fraction 49 . A card is drawn from the bag at
𝑏
is formed, where ' 𝑎 ' is the number of sector random, after mixing the cards thoroughly.
on which arrow stops on the first spin and ' Find the probability that the number on the
𝑏 ' is the number of the sector in which the drawn card is
arrow stops on second spin. On each spin, (i) an odd number
each sector has equal chance of selection by (ii) a multiple of 5
the arrow. (iii) a perfect square
𝑎
Find the probability that the fraction > 1. (iv) an even prime number (Delhi 2014)
𝑏
(Foreign 2016) 77. All the black face cards are removed from a
pack of 52 playing cards. The remaining
cards are well shuffled and then a card is
drawn at random. Find the probability of
getting a
(i) face card
(ii) red card

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 (iii) black card (i) not divisible by 3 .
(iv) king (Delhi 2014) (ii) a prime number greater than 7 .
78. Cards numbered from 11 to 60 are kept in a (iii) not a perfect square number.
box. If a card is drawn at random from the (Foreign 2014)
box, find the probability that the number on 83. A dice is rolled twice. Find the probability
the drawn card is that
(i) an odd number (i) 5 will not come up either time.
(ii) a perfect square number (ii) 5 will come up exactly one time.
(iii) divisible by 5 (Foreign 2014)
(iv) a prime number less than 20
84. A piggy bank contains hundred 50 p coins,
(Delhi 2014)
fifty ₹1 coins, twenty ₹2 coins and ten ₹5
79. Red queens and black jacks are removed coins. If it is equally likely that one of the
from a pack of 52 playing cards. A card is coins will fall out when the bank is turned
drawn at random from the remaining cards, upside down, find the probability that the
after reshuffling them. Find the probability coin which fell
that the drawn card is (i) will be a 50p coin.
(i) a king (ii) will be of value more than ₹1.
(ii) of red colour (iii) will be of value less than ₹5.
(iii) a face card (iv) will be a ₹1 or ₹2 coin.
(iv) a queen (Al 2014) (Foreign 2014)
80. All the red face cards are removed from a CBSE Sample Question
pack of 52 playing cards. A card is drawn at
random from the remaining cards, after
reshuffling them. Find the probability that 14.1 Probability - A Theoretical
the drawn card is Approach
(i) of red colour MCQ
(ii) a queen
(iii) an ace 1. Two dice are rolled simultaneously. What is
(iv) a face card (Al 2014) the probability that 6 will come up at least
once?
81. Five cards - the ten, jack, queen, king and (a) 1/6
ace of diamonds, are well shuffled with (b) 7/36
their faces downwards. One card is then (c) 11/36
picked up at random. (d) 13/36 (2022 − 23)
(a) What is the probability that the drawn
card is the queen?
(b) If the queen is drawn and put aside, and 2. Two fair coins are tossed. What is the
a second card is drawn, find the probability probability of getting at the most one head?
3
that the second card is (i) an ace (ii) a queen. (a)
4
(NCERT, Al 2014) (b)
1
4
82. Cards numbered 1 to 30 are put in a bag. A 1
(c)
card is drawn at random from this bag. Find 2
3
the probability that the number on the (d) (Term 1, 2021-22)
8
drawn card is

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3. A letter of English alphabets is chosen at (i) At least one head?
random. What is the probability that it is a (ii) At most one tail?
letter of the word MATHEMATICS? (iii) A head and a tail? (2022-23)
4
(a)
13
9
(b)
26
5
(c)
13
11
(d) (Term I, 2021-22)
26

4. A card is drawn from a well shuffled deck

of cards. What is the probability that the
card drawn is neither a king nor a queen?
11
(a)
13
12
(b)
13
11
(c)
26
11
(d) (Term l, 2021-22)
52

5. Two fair dice are rolled simultaneously.

The probability that 5 will come up at least
once is
5
(a)
36
11
(b)
36
12
(c)
36
23
(d) (Term I, 2021-22)
36

VSA (1 mark)

6. Find the probability of getting a doublet in

a throw of a pair of dice. (2020-21)

7. Find the probability of getting a black

queen when a card is drawn at random from
a well-shuffled pack of 52 cards. (2020-21)

SAII (3 marks)

8. Two coins are tossed simultaneously. What

is the probability of getting

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