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TERM 1 EXAMS 2025

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FORM 3 SET 1

443 AGRICULTURE PAPER 1

FORM 3
Name …………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………
Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date………………………………………

INSTRUCTIONS
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided.
b) Sign and write the date of the examination.
c) This paper consists of three sections A, B and C
d) Candidate to answer all questions in section A and B and any other two questions only in section C
e) Answer all the questions in this question paper
f) All your answers must be written in the spaces provided.
g) This paper consists of 9 printed pages.
h) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no printed pages and questions are missing.
For examiners Use Only
SECTION QUESTION MAX SCORE CANDIDATE
SCORE

A 1 – 16 40

B 17 – 19 20

C 20 – 22 40

TOTAL 100

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 SECTION A (30MKS)

1 State four factors which determines the farming systems adapted by farmers (2mks)
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2. Give four reasons for sub in maize field (2mk)
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3. Name two types of inventories in the farm (1mk)
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4. State four negative of HIV/AIDS to agriculture (2mks)
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5. State four effect of soil erosion (2mks)

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6. State four deficiency symptoms of nitrogen in plants (2mks)
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7. Highlight two effect of land title deed to farm (1mk)
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8. State two methods of controlling headsmat in maize (1mk)
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9. Give two forms of large scale farming practiced in Kenya (1mk)
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10. State two ways in which parent rode influences soil characteristics (1mk)
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11. Give four farming practices carried out to achieve minimum tillage (2mks)
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12. State two characteristics of plantation farming (1mk)
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13. Give three classes of weeds under growth cycle (1 ½ mks)
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14. State four post-harvesting practices on crops (2mks)

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15. List four advantages of mulching in Agriculture line (2mks)
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16. State three benefits of using certified seeds (2mks)
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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17. State four importance of air in soil (2mks)
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18. State four factors used in classification of inorganic fertilizer (2mks)
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19. State one cause of hard pan in soil
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SECTION B (20MKS)
Answer All questions

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20. The diagram labeled A and B illustrate storage structures study the diagram carefully and
answer the question that follows.
(a) Identify the structures (2mks)
A
B
(b) State four structural differences between (A and B)
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(c) State four maintenance practices carried out on stradine (2mks)

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21. (a) Identify the practice illustrated (1mk)

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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(b) Name material used in N and M and then uses (2mks)
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(c) List down four problems faced by a farmer who does not carry out the practice (4mks)
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22. The diagram below illustrates a method of propagating some of the common field crop.
Study the diagram and answer the questions that follows

(a) Identify the method illustrated (1mk)

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(b) Name two field crop which can be propagated using above method (2mks)
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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(c) State two conditions to be ensured at point V to ensure full rooting (2mks)
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SECTION C 40MKS

23. Discuss the production of bean under the following sub-headings (20mks)
(a) Land preparation (4mks)
(b) Selecting and treatment of planting materials (4mks)
(c) Planting (4mks)
(d) Field management practices (4mks)
(e) Harvesting of bean (4mks)

24. State five advantages and disadvantages of overhead irrigation (10mks)

(b) State factors used in choosing irrigation methods (5mks)
(c) What are the uses of water in livestock farm (5mks)

25. What factors determine the number of secondary cultivation during land preparation
(5mks)
(b) Give reasons why minimum tillage may be carried out (6mks)
(c) Explain the activities carried out in tertiary cultivation (6mks)
(d) What are the factors that determine the depth of ploughing (3mks)

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

443 AGRICULTURE PAPER 2

FORM 3

2025- 2 ½ hours

Name …………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date………………………………………

INSTRUCTIONS
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided.
b) Sign and write the date of the examination.
c) This paper consists of three sections A, B and C
d) Candidate to answer all questions in section A and B and any other two questions only in section C
e) Answer all the questions in this question paper
f) All your answers must be written in the spaces provided.
g) This paper consists of 9 printed pages.
h) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no printed pages and questions are missing.
For examiners Use Only
SECTION QUESTION MAX SCORE CANDIDATE
SCORE

A 1 – 16 40

B 17 – 19 20

C 20 – 22 40

TOTAL 100

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 SECTION A

1. State four preparation practices carried out in a store before crop produce is brought in for storage
(2mks)

2 Give problems associated with mineral deficiency imbalance in livestock (2mks)

3. State four factors that lowers the performance of an animal (2mks)

4. State one use of the following farm tools (2mks)

(a) Pipe wrench

(b) Sickle

(c) Slasher

(d) Tin snip

5. Explain briefly four factors that affect maintenance ration requirement of an animal
(2mks)

6. Give four factors considered when selecting dairy goat (2mks)

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7. State four features for inbreeding (2mks)

8. Define cross breeding in livestock production

9. Name four meat breeds of rabbit (2mks)

10. State the gestation period of the following animals (1mk)

Saw -

Cattle -

11. Outline four characteristic that enable camels to survive in desert (2mks)

12. Name two commercial feeds fed to layers (1mk)

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13. (a) What organic causes Newcastle disease in birds (2mks)

(b) State four specific symptoms of Newcastle disease (2mks)

(c) Give 2 methods of controlling the disease (1mk)

14. Give two feeding characteristics of goats which make them less vulnerable to internal
Parasite (2mks)

15. Give two characteristics of roughages (1mk)

16. Mention two methods of preventing rusting in farm tools (2mks)

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SECTION B 20 MARKS

17. The diagram below represents a method of ration computation. Study and answer the
questions that follows

16%

(a) Identify the method above (1mk)

(b) In a practical lesson form three student of agriculture were supplied with the following
specimens
(i) crushed marshed labeled I
(ii) Bloodmeal labeled J
Calculate the quantity of the specimen I (8% DCP) and J 28% DCP) that can be mixed to make 150 kg
of feed containing 16% DCP (4mks)

18. The diagram below illustrate external parasite study the diagram and answer the question that follow

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 (a) Identify the two parasite labeled AB (2mks)

(b) Name one disease tramsimitted by A and B (2mks)

(c) Name the class of chemicals used to spray and control parasite Aand B (2mks)

(d) Mention two harmful effect of parasites A and B in livestock production apart from disease
transmission (2mks)

SECTION C

19. (a) Describe the desirable features of a grain store (10mks)

(b) Describe the importance of keeping healthy animal (10mks)

20. Describe the process of egg formation in poultry production with an aid of a diagram
(20mks)

21. (a) Define parasite as it applies in livestock management stating animals mostly
affected (4mks)
(b) What economic importance are parasite to livestock (10mks)
(c) Give 3 examples of internal and external parasite (6mks)

22. Diagram A, B, C, and D illustrate some farm tools and equipments

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 (i) Give their names (2mks)
A

D
(ii) Give one function of each tools (2mks)
A
B

D
(iii) Classify each tools in appropriate category (2mks)
A

(iv) State one appropriate maintenance that can be done on tool A (1mk)

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

231/3 BIOLOGY PAPER 3

FORM 3

2025- 2 ½ hours

Name …………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date………………………………………

INSTRUCTIONS
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided.
b) Sign and write the date of the examination.
c) Answer all the questions in this question paper
d) All your answers must be written in the spaces provided.
e) This paper consists of 4 printed pages.
f) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no printed pages and
questions are missing.

For examiners Use Only

QUESTIONS MAXIMUM SCORE CANDIDATES
SCORE
A 1-3 40

Page 1 of 4
1. You are provided with

Spécimen X

Solution Y

Solution Z

a) Examine the outer and inner leaves then record your observations (4mks)
b) Using a scalpel, cut and measure 6strips of 3cm length of the specimen X. Place 3
strips into a solution labeled Y, another 3 strips into a solution labeled Z. The
experimental set up is allowed to stand for 20 minutes.

i) What observations would be made after 20 minutes when the strips are touched
(2mks)

Strips in solution Y

Strips in solution Z

ii) Account for the observations recorded in (b) (i) above (4mks)

2. You are provided with actual specimens of plant parts Q and K

a) (i) Using external features only identify the part of the plants (2mks)

(ii) Give three reasons for your answer in (a) (i) above (3mks)

b) With reasons state the class to which the plants from which the specimens were
obtained belong (4mks)

c) State two observable features that adapt specimen Q for gaseous exchange (2mks)

Page 2 of 4
 d) Using the dichotomous key provided, indentify the identity of the specimens Q
and K in each case show the sequence; the steps in the key that you followed to
arrive at the identity. (4mks)
1. (a) Leaf parallel veined……………………………………………..go to 2

(b) Leaf net veined …………………………………………………go to 4

2. (a) Leaf purple in colour…………………………..………Tradescantia spp

(b) Leaf green in colour …………………………… ……………….go to 3

3. (a) Leaf with thorns on margin………………… ……………Kalanchoe spp

(b) Leaf smooth on the margin……………… ……………………Zea mays

4. (a) Leaf sample………………………… …………………………….go to 5

(b) Leaf compound……………………………………………………go to 8

5. (a) Leaf margin entire …………………………………………………go to 6

(b) Leaf margin serrated……………………………………………..Habiscus

6. (a) Leaf texture rough………………………………………………….go to 7

(b) Leaf texture smooth……………………….…………………..Brassica spp

7. (a) Leaf blade Lanceolate…………………….…………………..Solanum spp

(b) Leaf blade broad……………………………………………Lantana camara

3. The photography below shows four specimens labeled P, Q, R and S, which were
obtained from the same animal. Examine them

a) With reasons identify P and Q (4mks)

Page 3 of 4
 P-

Reason-

Q-

Reason-

b) Based on their structure, suggest the functions of specimens P and Q (2mks)

P-

Q-

c) In specimen P, name the four parts labeled A to D (4mks)

A B C D

d) Using observable features, state the differences between R and S (3mks)

e) Explain how specimen S is adapted for its functions (2mks)

Page 4 of 4
 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

231/1 BIOLOGY PAPER 1

FORM 3

2025- 2 ½ hours

Name …………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date………………………………………

INSTRUCTIONS
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided.
b) Sign and write the date of the examination.
c) Answer all the questions in this question paper
d) All your answers must be written in the spaces provided.
e) This paper consists of 7 printed pages.
f) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no printed pages and questions are missing.

For examiners Use Only

Question Maximum score Candidate’s score

1-29 80

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1. The scientific name of the cat is Felis Catus classify the cat into; (3mks)
i) Kingdom………………………………………
ii) Genus…………………………………………
iii) Species…………………………………………
2. The figure below shows a structure of a tooth:

(a) Identify the tooth: - (1 mk)

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(b) State how the tooth named in (a) is modified to perform its function:- (1 mk)
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3. a) Name the hormone secreted in the human body when one takes in a large amount of water:-(1 mk)
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(b) Which disease results from inadequate production of the hormone named in (a) above? (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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4. Give two structural features that can be used to separate a housefly, a millipede, and a tick into their
respective classes. (2mks)
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5. State three main functions of the stomach in human beings:- (3 mks)
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6. It was found that during germination of bean seeds, 9.2 cm3 of carbon IV Oxide was produced while 9.0 cm3
of oxygen was used up.
(a) (i) Calculate the respiratory quotient of the reaction:- (2 mks)
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(ii) Identify the substrate being met abolished:- (1 mk)
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(b) In which part of the cell does glycolysis occur? (1 mk)
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7. State three functions of the mammalian blood other than transport (3mks)
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8. Other than sexual intercourse name the other ways by which HIV/AIDS is spread (3mks)
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9. State three characteristics features of an efficient respiratory surface (3mks)
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10. State three environmental factors that affect the rate of stomatal transpiration (3mks)
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11. The cells shown below are adapted for transport in flowering plants.

(a) Name the tissue in which these cells are found. (1 mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
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(b) Identify and explain two observable features of these cells that adapt them to their role in transport.
(2mks)
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12. Name two areas in human body where active transport takes place. (2mks)
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13. State the functions of the following cell organelles: (2mks)
(a) Nucleolus.

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(b) Plasma membrane
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14. Distinguish between guttation and transpiration (2mks)

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15. What are the functions of the following parts of a light microscope? (3mks)
(a) Eye piece lens

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) Condenser
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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(c) Diaphragm
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16. (a) What is peristalsis? (1mks)

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(b) Explain how the process above is brought about. (2mks)
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17. (a) State three structural differences between arteries and veins in mammals (3mks)

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(b) Name a disease that causes thickening and hardening of arteries (1mk)
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18. Identify two forces that help in upward movement of water in plants (2mks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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19. State two reasons why lipids are rarely used as a respiratory substrate compound to
Carbohydrates. (2mks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
20. The equation below represents a metabolic process that occurs in the mammalian liver:
(2mks)
Amino acids organic compound + urea
(a) Name the process
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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 (b) What is the importance of the process to the mammals?
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21. (a) Define the term balanced diet. (2mks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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(b) State the importance of roughage in a diet. (1mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
22. (a) How do the following factors affect the rate of diffusion? (3marks)
(i) Surface area to volume ratio
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) Diffusion gradient
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
(iii)Temperature
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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23. Name any three specialized plant cells. (3marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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24. Name three sites where gaseous exchange takes place in terrestrial plants. (3 marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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25. A student in form three caught an organism which had the following characteristics
i) Body divided into two parts.
ii) Simple eyes.
iii) Eight legs.
Classify the organism up to the class level. (3 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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26. (a) Distinguish between the counter flow and parallel flow system in gaseous exchange(1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(b) Which of the two systems mentioned in (a) above is efficient? Give a reason (2mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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27. Name the enzyme, the vitamin and the metallic ions required in the clotting of blood. (3mks)
(i) Enzyme ………………………………………………………………
ii) Vitamin……………………………………………………………..

iii) Metallic ion…………………………………………………………..

28.The figure below is a photomicrograph of a section of mammalian skin. Study it and answer the questions
that follow.

(i) State two functions of the secretion from the gland labeled C (2marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) Explain the behaviour of structure E when environmental temperature falls to 100c. (2marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
29. Astronauts from the outer space brought a material to earth. Explain how you would establish if the
material is living or non-living. (2marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

232/2 BIOLOGY PAPER 2

FORM 3
2025- 2 ½ hours

Name …………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date………………………………………

INSTRUCTIONS
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided.
b) Sign and write the date of the examination.
c) Answer all the questions in this question paper
d) All your answers must be written in the spaces provided.
e) This paper consists of 8 printed pages.
f) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no printed pages and questions are missing.

For examiners Use Only

Section Question Maximum Score Candidate’s Score

A 1
2
3
4
5
B 6
7 or 8
Total 80

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SECTION A (40 MARKS)
Answer ALL the questions in this section in the spaces provided

1. a) Distinguish between natural and acquired immunity (l mark)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
b) Define the term allergy (l mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
c) The chart below shows the blood clotting mechanism

i) Name the blood cells represented by X (1mark)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
ii) The end product of the mechanism represented by Z (1 mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………
d) Explain how the following environmental factors increase the rate of transpiration.
i) Temperature (2 marks)
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ii) Humidity (1 mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………

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 iii) Atmospheric pressure (1 mark)
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………………………………………………………………
2. A student wanted to observe human red blood cells under a light microscope. He put l0ml of
solution X,Y and Z in three boiling test tubes. The solutions were of different concentration .In
each of the test tubes he put three drops of blood sample. The experiment was left to stand for 30
minutes. He placed one drop of solution X on glass slide and observed under the microscope.
The same procedure was repeated for solutions Y and Z.
He made the following observation.
Solution Observation
X Normal Cells
Y Wrinkled Cells
Z No cells observed
(a) What was the physiological process observed. (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
(b) Explain why red blood cells observed in solution Y were wrinkled. (3mks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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(c) A 3cm long piece of kale (sukuma wiki) stem was cut halfway along its length as
shown below.

(i) If the piece was placed in solution Z for 30 minutes, its shape changed . Using a pencil draw a
diagram in the space provided to show the expected change. (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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(ii) Explain the results obtained in C(i) above. (3mks)

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……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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3. During an ecological study, students collected and marked 120 ants and released them. After
48 hours, the students captured another 90 ants, 20 of which had been marked previously.
(a) How many ants were there in the compound? Show your working. (3mks)
.........................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................
(b) What are the limitations of this method in sampling animal populations. (4mks)
.........................................................................................................................................................
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(c) State two other methods which could be used to determine the population. (1mk)
.........................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................
……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4.Examine the
diagram below carefully and use it to answer the questions that follow.

(a) Name the parts labeled X, Y, and Z (3marks)

X:
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Y:

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 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Z:
…………………………………………………………………………..………………………………….
(b) State the substance by which the part labeled W is made up of (1mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
(c) Name the process by which mineral salts move into the structure labeled X (1mark)
................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(d) Explain what happens to a red blood cell when placed in distilled water. 3marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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…………………………………………………………
5.a)Name two sites where gaseous exchange takes place in an aquatic plant. (2marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
The diagram below represents the gills of a bony fish. Study it and answer the questions that follow.

(i) Name the parts labeled A, B, and C (3marks)

A:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
B:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
C:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) State the function of the part labeled A (1mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iii) Explain how the part labeled C is adapted to perform its functions (2marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
Answer question 6 (compulsory) and either question 7 or 8 in the spaces provided after question 8
Question 6
Two individuals A and B drunk volumes of concentrated solution of glucose. The amount of glucose in their
blood was determined at intervals. The results are shown in the table below.
Time (minutes) Glucose level in blood mg / 100cm3
A B

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 0 87 84
15 110 123
30 135 170
45 115 188
60 100 208
90 95 202
120 90 144
150 88 123
a) On the grid provided, plot graph of glucose level in blood against time on the same axis.
(6marks)
b) What is the concentration of glucose in the blood of A and B at the 20th minute? (1mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………...…………………………………….
c) Explain why the glucose level in person A stopped rising after 30minutes while it continued to rise in person
B. (2marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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d) Account for the decrease in the glucose level in person A after 30minutes and person B after 60minutes.
(4marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
e) Name the compound that stores energy released during oxidation of glucose. (1mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
f) State five factors that determine energy requirements in human (5marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………

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g) Name the organ in which control of blood sugar level mainly takes place. (1mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………

7. (a) State four characteristics of gaseous exchange surfaces. (4mks)

(b) Describe the mechanism of gaseous exchange in a mammal. (l6mks)

8. (a) What is meant by the term digestion? (2mks)

(b) Explain the role of bile in the digestion of food. (4mks)
(c) Describe the digestion of protein in the human body. (l4mks)

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
565 /1 BUSINESS STUDIES PAPER 1
FORM 3

2025- 2 ½ hours

Name …………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date………………………………………

Instructions to candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided.
b) Sign and write the date of the examination.
c) Answer all the questions in this question paper
d) All your answers must be written in the spaces provided.
e) This paper consists of 9 printed pages.
f) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no printed pages and questions are
missing.

For examiners Use Only

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Marks

Question 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Marks

TOTAL MARKS

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1
1. Identify four factors that influence the level of capital of a business enterprise. (4 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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2. Give four features of economic resources (4 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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3. Indicate with a tick(✓) in the appropriate column the business environment associated with each
of the factors mentioned below. (4 marks)
FACTOR INTERNAL EXTERNAL
i) Government policy
ii) Technological environment

iii) Financial resources

iv) Firm structure

4. State four reasons why people engage in business activities. (4 marks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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5. Outline four tools used by the government to influence the quantity of a product supplied in a
market. (4 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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2
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Highlight four factors that may be used to determine the size of a firm. (4 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Indicate by writing the word “TRUE” or “FALSE” against the statement describing characteristics
for goods and services. (3 marks)
STATEMENT TRUE or FALSE
a) Goods are inseparable from their producers
b) Services can be standardized in form of size,
appearance or quality
c) Services are experienced not owned
d) Goods are not always perishable
e) Services are highly perishable
f) Goods can change in value overtime

8. The central bank is a banker to the government. Outline four banking services it provides to the
Kenya government. (4 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. The following are types of advertising: Product advertising, competitive advertising, informative
advertising and institutional advertising. In the table below, match each type with its appropriate
description. (4 marks)
TYPE OF ADVERTISING DESCRIPTION
a) Promotes the name of the manufacturer
b) Persuades the consumers to buy a product
c) Creates awareness about a product
d) Promotes a particular brand of a product

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10, Outline four barriers to written communication. (4 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
11. For each of the following cases, name the motive for holding money. (4 marks)
CAES MOTIVE
a) To meet daily bus fare expenses
b) To meet unexpected medical emergencies
c) To stock maize when prices fall
d) To meet daily food requirements

12. The diagram below shows the current demands for petrol.

a) What is the effect of an increase in the price of cars on demand for petrol. (2 marks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) Draw a new demand curve on the diagram above to show the effect of an increase in
price of cars. (2 marks)

…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………

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13. State four reasons why few Kenyans take out life assurance policies. (4 marks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
14. For each of the transactions given below, indicate in the appropriate column, the source
documents and the book of original entry in which the transaction is recorded. (4 marks)

Transaction Book of original entry Source document

a) Sale of tables on credit

b) Purchase of stock on credit

c) Goods returned by a customer

d) Payment to a creditor

15. Outline four sources of a business idea. (4 marks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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16 Write down the international trade document that relate to each of the following statements

STATEMENT DOCUMENT

a) Indicate the country of origin of the imported goods

b) A document of title to the goods traded in international

trade

c) Used to demand for payment before delivery of goods

d) Facilitated an importer to obtain credit

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5
17. The financial period of Buteba Traders ends on 31st December every year. On 31st December 2011
the business had the following assets and capital.

Item Sh.
Capital 24,000
Stock of goods 1,500
Debtors 2,000
Machinery 20,000
Cash 4,000
Required:
Calculate the total liabilities and prepare a balance sheet as at 31st December 2011. (4 marks)

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18. Highlight four circumstances under which a country may be classified as underdeveloped. (4 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………
19. Record the following transactions in the cash book of Jerussa Entreprises for the month of January
2011 and balance it off.
2011
Jan. 1: Cash in hand sh. 10,000, cash at bank sh. 20,000
Jan. 10:Paid Luke Sh. 8,800 and Joan sh. 11,000 after deducting 12% cash discount in each case by
cheque
Jan. 30:Banked all the cash leaving sh. 1,200 in the cash box. (5 marks)

20. State four benefits that consumers get from small scale retailers. (4 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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21. The following information was obtained from the books of Okame Traders on 30th June 2011.
Opening stock 8,000

Purchases 53,000
Sales 62,900
Returns outwards 2,700
Closing stock 12,700

Prepare Okame Trading Accounts for the year ended 30th June 2011. (4 marks)

22. The following balances were extracted from the books of Mwambo wholesalers for the year ended
31st December,2005.
Sales 500,000
Purchases 320,000
Opening stock 80,000
Closing stock 40,000
Debtors 140,000
Creditors 90,000
Calculate
a) Margin
b) Current ratio
c) Rate of stock turn over (4 marks)

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23. The following statistics refer to a hypothetical economy. Use it to calculate the per capita income
using the income approach. (4 marks)
(Ksh in millions)
Total profits by entrepreneurs 80,0000
Total rent received by landlords 130,000
Total interests earned by financial institutions 40,000
Total salaries paid by employees -50,000
Total population 40

24. Give four features that differentiate a public corporation from a public limited company. (4 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
25. Highlight four undesirable effects of inflation to the Kenyan economy (4 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

565/2 BUSINESS STUDIES PAPER 2

FORM 3

2025- 2 ½ hours
Name …………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date………………………………………

Instructions to candidates

a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided.

b) Sign and write the date of the examination.
c) Answer all the questions in this question paper
d) All your answers must be written in the spaces provided.
e) This paper consists of 6 printed pages.
f) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no printed pages and questions are
missing.

For examiners Use Only

QUESTIONS MAXIMUM CANDIDATE’S

SCORE SCORE
1-6 100
TOTAL SCORE

1. a) Explain five benefits that would accrue to a businessman who uses a Liner rather than Tramps
Steamers. (10mks)
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 b) Using a diagram, describe the effects of outward shift in supply curve on equilibrium price and
quantity. (10mks)
2. a) Explain four measures that may be taken by the government to promote her export.
(8mks)
b) The following Trial Balance was extracted from the books of Kisumu Auto spares as at 31stOct 2011
Kisumu Auto Spares
Trial Balance
As at 31st Oct 2011
DR CR
Capital 653,560
Motor vehicle 603,000
Equipment 200,600
Furniture 94,400
Debtors 75,900
Creditors 74,300
Carriage on sales 14,400
Discount Received 26,400
Salaries 12,400
Rent Income 12,600
Sales 319,400
Purchases 300,000
Advertising 22,200
Rates 9,400
Stock 1-11-2010 61,500
Bank 412,600
Cash 105,060
TOTAL 1,498,860 1,498,860
Stock on 31stOctober 2011 was sh. 80,200
Required,
(i) Prepare Trading ,Profit and Loss account for the year ended 31stOct 2011
(ii) Prepare Balance sheet as at 31stOctober 2011
(12mks)
3. a) Explain Five circumstances under which a manufacturer would find it advisable to distribute his
goods through wholesalers. (10mks)
b) Explain five functions of the central bank of Kenya in the Economy. (10mks)
4. a) Distinguish between shares and debenture as a source of finance. (10mks)
2
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 b) Outline five circumstances under which a firm will be located near the market for its products.
(10mks)
5. a) The following information relates to Bizna Distributor Company for the year ended 31stDec 2009
shs
Gross profit 600,000
Opening stock 285,000
Sales 2,400,000
Purchases 1,830,000
Expenses 360,000
Closing stock 315,000
Fixed assets 400,000
Debtors 900,000
Bank 35,000
Current liabilities 438,000
Required calculate
i) Margin (2 ½ mks)
ii) Rate of stock turnover (2 ½ mks)
iii) Return on capital employed (2 ½ mks)
iv) Current ratio (2 ½ mks)
b) Explain five ways in which the Entrepreneur contributes to the production of goods. (10mks)
6. a) Describe five means of payment that a trader may use to settle business debts. (10mks)
b) Explain five indicators of under development in Kenya. (10mks)

3
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 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

233/1 CHEMISTRY PAPER 1

FORM 3

2025- 2 ½ hours
Name …………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date………………………………………

INSTRUCTIONS

a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided.
c) Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.
d) All working must be clearly shown where necessary.

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY

Question Maximum score Candidate’s score

1 – 28 80

This paper consists of 10 printed pages. Candidates should check the question paper to ensure that all the pages
are printed as indicated and no questions are missing.

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1. An element W has atomic number 13 while element V has atomic number 8
(i) Write the electron arrangement for W ( ½ mk)
W………………………………………………………………………………………………………
V……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(ii) Write the formula of the compound formed when W and V react ( 1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iii) What type of bond would be present in the compound formed in (ii) above (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. In the industrial preparation of oxygen state:
(a) how dust particles are removed from air (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) How carbon (IV) oxide is removed before the mixture is cooled to -25oC (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(c) Why is the mixture cooled to -25oC? (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. The set up below was used to prepare and collect ethyne gas

Inverted funnel Ethyne

Water

Calcium carbide
(i) Write a well balanced equation for the reaction that produced ethyne (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) At the end of the experiment the gas was collected in a test tube and burnt in air. Describe the
flame observed. (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iii) Give one Industrial use of ethyne (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………

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4. A gas occupies 400cm3 at 500k and 1 atmospheric pressure. What will be the temperature when the
volume and pressure of the gas were 100cm3 and 0.5 atm respectively. (2mks)

5. Solutions R S and T have PH values shown below

Solution PH value
R 2.0
S 6.5
T 8.5
(a) What is the nature of solution R ? (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) Which solution would react most vigorously with sodium hydrogen carbonate? (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(c) Which solution is likely to be ammonia solution? (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. Hydrated Copper (II) Sulphate exists as blue crystals and anhydrous Copper (II) Sulphate is a white
powder. Describe a laboratory experiment that can be used to show that the action of heat on
hydrated Copper (II) Sulphate is a reversible reaction (3mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7. The diagram below was used to prepare Sulphur (iv) Oxide gas in the laboratory.
Dilute HCl

Reagent R

(a)Complete the diagram to show how dry Sulpur (iv) oxide gas may be collected. (2mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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 (b)Name reagent R (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8. (a) What is Isomerism? (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(b) Draw and name two isomers of C5H12 (2mks)

9. Study the information given below and answer the questions that follow. The letters are not actual
symbols for the elements
Element electronic configuration ionization Energy kJ/mol
P 2,1 519
Q 2,8,1 494
R 2,8,8,1 418
(i) What is the general name given to the group in which elements P,Q and R belong? (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(ii) What is ionization energy? (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(iii) Explain why element R has the lowest ionization energy. (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10. When a compound Y is heated, a dark brown gas is evolved and a residue which is yellow when hot
and white on cooling is left
Identify

(a) the brown gas

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(b) the ions present in the residue (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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 (c) the compound Y (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
11. An organic compound contains 24.4%, carbon 4.04% Hydrogen and the rest Chlorine. (C=12, H=1
Cl=35.5)

(a)Determine the empirical formula of the organic compound. (2mks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(b) If the relative molecular formula of the compound is 99. Find its molecular formula. (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
12. The diagram below represents bonds in hydroxonium ion

H H
O
E
H F

(i)Name the type of bond represented E and F (2mks)

E……………………………………………………………
F……………………………………………………………
(ii) Explain how bond type represented by F is formed. (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
13. 0.24g of divalent metal M dissolves in 50cm3 of 0.25M Sulphuric (vi) acid the resulting solution
required 10.0cm3 of 0.5M Sodium hydroxide to neutralise excess acid. Determine the relative atomic
mass of M (3mks)

14. The table below gives some physical properties of some elements of the periodicd table

Element Si P S Cl Ar
Melting point (oc) 1410 44.2 113 -101 -189

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 590 119
o
Melting point ( c) 2360 280 444 -347 -186

Explain the following

(a)The boiling and melting point of Silicon (Si) is very high (2mks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) Sulpur (S) and Phosphorous (P) have two values for the melting points (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

15. The diagram below shows a set up that can be used to prepare ethene gas

Solid K

Ethanol ethene
Vapour

Heat

(i)Suggest the identity of solid K (1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(ii) Describe a chemical test that can be used to distinguish between ethene and ethane (2mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
16. Describe how a pure sample of solid Copper (II) Sulphate would be prepared starting with Copper
metal. (3mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
17. (a) State Graham’s law (1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(b) Calculate the time taken for a given volume of methane (CH4) gas to diffuse through a small hol.
If the same volume of Sulphur (iv) oxide SO2 under the same conditions take 100 seconds (C=12,
O=16, S=32, H=1) (2mks)

18. But-2-ene undergoes hydrogenation as shown by the equation below

CH3CH=CHCH3(g) + H2(g) CH3CH2CH2CH3(g)

(a)Name the product formed when But-2-ene reacts with hydrogen gas (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(b) State the conditions necessary for the above reaction. (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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 (c) Give one industrial use of hydrogenation (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
19. Explain why burning Magnesium continues to burn when lowered into a gas jar full of Carbon (iv)
oxide whereas a burning splint would be extinguished (2mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
20. Study the set up below and answer the questions that follow
Cotton wool soaked
in Conc ammonia

Glass tube
Cotton wool soaked in Cork
Conc HCl
(a)What observation would be made in the tube (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(b) Indicate with a cross (x) on the diagram the likely position where the observation stated in (a)
above would be made (1mk)

(c) Give an explanation for your answer in (b) above (1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
21. The equation below represents the reaction in which ethane burns in Oxygen
C2H4(g) + 3O2(g) 2CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
Calculate the volume at stp of carbon (iv) oxide formed if 1.4 g of ethane are completely burnt in
oxygen (C=12, O=16 M.G.V=22.4dm3 at stp) (3mks)

22. The table below gives information about the electrical conductivity and the likely bonding in
substances N P and Q. Complete the table by inserting the missing information in the spaces. (3mks)

Substance Likely type of bonding Electrical Conductivity

present Solid Liquid

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 N Metallic (i)……………………….. Conducts
P (ii) …………………… Does not conduct Conducts
Q (iii)……………………. Does not conduct Does not conduct

23. When concentrated Sulphuric (vi) acid reacts with sodium chloride, a gas K is produced. This gas is
dissolved in water as shown below.

Gas K Funnel

Distilled
water
(a) Name gas K (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) Give two reasons why the funnel is used in the set up (1mk)
(i)……………………………………………………………………………
(ii)……………………………………………………………………………
24. A mixture contains ammonium chloride, copper (ii) oxide and sodium chloride. Describe how each
of the substances can be obtained from the mixture (3mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
25. Study the table below and answer the questions that follow. The letters are not actual symbols for the
elements
Element Protons Electrons Neutrons
V 18 18 22
W 17 18 18
X 19 19 20
Y 9 8 10
Z 19 19 22

Identify:- (3mks)
(a) a cation
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(b) an anion
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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 (c) a pair of isotopes
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

26. The diagram below represents the industrial extraction of Sulphur

Hot compressed air

Tube I

Tube II

Sulphur bed

(a) Give the name of the process represented above (1mk)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) Name the substances that pass through tube (½ mk)
I ………………………………………………………………………………………………
II ……………………………………………………………………………………….… (½ mk)
(c) What is the purpose of hot compressed air in this process? (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

27. In an experiment, ammonia gas was prepared by heating a mixture of an ammonium salt and an
alkali.
(a) Name one alkali and one ammonium salt that can be mixed to produce ammonia gas
Ammonium Salt………………………………………………………………………… ( ½ mk)
Alkali ……………………………………………………………………………… ( ½ mks)
(b) Name the drying agent that can be used to dry the ammonia gas (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(c) State two uses of ammonia gas (1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

28. The apparatus shown below was used to investigate the effect of Carbon (II) Oxide on heated Copper
(II) Oxide.
Copper (II) Oxide
Flame
CO(g)
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Tube K
HEAT
Combustion
 (a) State the observation that was made in the combustion tube (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(b) Write an equation for the reaction that took place in the combustion tube (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(c) Why it is necessary to burn the gas coming out of tube K? (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

233/2 CHEMISTRY PAPER 2

FORM 3

2025- 2 ½ hours
Name …………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date………………………………………

INSTRUCTIONS

a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above
b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided.
c) Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.
d) All working must be clearly shown where necessary.

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY

QUESTIONS MAXIMUM SCORE CANDIDATE’S SCORE
1 12
2 14
3 9
4 12
5 13
6 10
7 10
TOTAL 80

This paper consists of 9 printed pages. Candidates should check the question paper to ensure that all the pages
are printed as indicated and no questions are missing.

1. The grid below represents part of the periodic table. Study it and answer the questions that follow.
The letters do not represent the actual symbolic of the elements.

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 W T L U
X F R J G Q
Y
Z

(a)Which is the most reactive metal? (1mk)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) What is the family name of the elements L and Q (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(c) Element Q reacts with both W and R. write the formulae of the compounds formed between
(i) W and Q (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) R and Q (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(d) Which of the two compounds formed in (c) have a higher melting point? Explain (2mks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(e) Compare the atomic radius of elements X and Y (2mks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(f) Element U is unreactive. Explain (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(g) Predict what the PH of aqueous solution of element G would be? Explain. (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(h) Identify the elements that would exist as
(i) Diatomic molecules (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
(ii) Monotomic gases (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………….

2. (a) (i) Name the compounds listed below

P: CH3CCH (1mk)

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 ………………………………………………………………………………………………
Q: CH3CH2CH2 (1mk)

CH3
………………………………………………………………………………………………
R: CH3 CH CH CH3 (1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) Study the following table and use it to answer the questions that follow

Hydro carbon Boiling point (K)

CH4 112
C2H6 184
C3H8 231
C4H10 273
C5H12 309
C6H14 342
(i) The organic compounds belong to the same homologus series:
I. What is meant by the term homologous series? (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………

II. To which homologous series do the above hydro carbons belong? (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) Select one hydro carbon that would be a liquid at room temperature (298K). Give a reason for
your answer. (2mks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iii) What is the relationship between the boiling points and the relative molecular masses.
Explain (2mks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iv) Describe one chemical test to distinguish between C2H6 and the third member to the
homologous series of the general formula CnH2n (2mks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(v) Give industrial use of C6H4 (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(vi) Draw and name the structural isomers of C4H10 (2mks)

2 (a) In an experiment dry hydrogen gas was passed through heated Iron fillings as shown below. The
gas produced was then passed over heated (ii) Oxide

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 Iron fillings Lead (ii) oxide
Tube S
Tube V
Dry Hydrogen
Chloride gas Gas W

Heat
Heat

Water

(i) Name the reagents that could be used to prepare Hydrogen Chloride gas in the
laboratory (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) What is the function of water in the set-up. (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iii) Write equations fro the reactions in combustion tubes S and V (2mks)
S:………………………………………………………………………………………………………
V:………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iv)The total mass of tube V was found to have reduced at the end of the experiment. Explain (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(v) Suppose the experiment was repeated with Copper (ii) oxide instead of Lead (ii) oxide, suggest
the observations that would be made in tube V. (2mks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) In another experiment excess chlorine gas was passed over heated magnesium metal and 1.9g of
magnesium chloride were formed. Calculate the volume gas needed for complete reaction
(Mg=24, Cl=35.5, Molar gas volume = 22.4dm3) (2mks)

4. (a) The diagram below shows the extraction of Sulphur by Frasch process

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 A

Super heated water at 170oC

(i)Name the substance that passes through; (2mks)

A:…………………………………………
B:…………………………………………
(ii) Water boils at 100oC, how is super heated water at 170oC obtained? (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iii) What physical property of Sulphur makes it possible for it to be extracted by the method
shown above? (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iv) Name two crystalline forms of sulphur. (2mks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) Sulphur (iv) oxide can be prepared by the action of dilute hydrochloric acid on Sodium Sulphite
(i) Write equation for this reaction (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) State and explain the observation made when moist hydrogen sulphide is reacted with
Sulphur (iv) oxide in a test tube (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(c) Concentrated Sulphuric (vi) acid is common drying agent
(i)Explain why concentrated Sulphuric (vi) acid is not used to dry ammonia gas (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) What property of concentrated Sulphuric (vi) acid is exhibited when it is added to:
(I) Copper metal (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(II) Sugar crystals (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iii) How is concentrated Sulphuric (vi) acid diluted (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………

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5. (a) Fractional distillation of liquid air usually produces Nitrogen and Oxygen as the major products
(i) Name a substance that is used to Carbon (iv) oxide from the air before it is changed into liquid
(1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) Air is a mixture; state two reasons for this (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iii) Describe how nitrogen gas is obtained from the liquid air, (Boiling points Nitrogen=-196oC,
Oxygen = -183oC) (2mks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) The set-up below was used to prepare Nitric (v) acid in the laboratory using concentrated
Sulphuric (vi) acid on Potassium nitrate crystals. Study it and answer the questions that follow
Glass stopper

Cold water
KNO3
Nitric (v) acid
Heat Conc H2SO4

(i)Explain why Sodium nitrate is not appropriate option in place of Potassium nitrate (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) What is the purpose of using cold water in the set-up above? (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iii) Write equation for the reaction (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iv) Explain the following;
(I)It is not advisable to use a stopper made of rubber in the set-up (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(II) The reaction between Copper metal with 50% Nitric (V) acid in an open test-tube produces
brown fumes. (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………

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 (v) State and explain the observations that would be made if a sample of Sulphur is heated with
concentrated nitric (v) acid (2mks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(vi) State two uses of nitric (v) acid which are not in manufacture of fertilizers (2mks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. The set-up below was used to prepare Carbon (iv) oxide gas. Study it to answer the questions that
follow;

Dilute hydrochloric
Calcium carbonate
acid

(a)Complete the diagram to show how a dry sample of carbon (iv) oxide gas can be collected (3mks)
(b) Write an equation for the reaction which takes place in the flask. (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(c) The resulting solution in the flask was evaporated to dryness. Explain what would happen if the
content of the flask were left in the laboratory overnight. (2mks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(d) Some water was added to the content of the flask then aqueous sodium sulphate was added to the
contents of the flask, a white precipitate was formed.
(i) Identify the white precipitate (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) State one use of substance identified in d(i) above (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(e) Carbon (iv) oxide does not support burning but Magnesium continues to burn in CO2 gas. State
and explain the observations made. (2mks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………

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7. The following results were obtained when different volumes of 0.643M solution were added to seven
test-tubes each containing 3.0cm3 of portions of 1M Copper (II)Sulphate solution. The height of the
precipitate was recorded corresponding to each volume of ammonia added.
Test tube 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
number
Volume of 1.0 3.0 5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 13.0
NH3 soln
(cm3)
Height of 0.1 0.5 0.9 1.3 1.2 0.8 0.3
precipitate cm

(a)On the grid provided, plot a graph of height of precipitate (cm) (y-axis) against the volume of Ammonia
solution added (x-axis) (3mks)

(b)From the graph predict

(i) the maximum height of the precipitate (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………

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 (ii) the volume of ammonia solution required to produce this precipitate (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iii) the volume of ammonia solution required to just dissolve the precipitate (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(c) Calculate the number of moles of;
(i) ammonia solution present in the volume obtained in b(ii) above (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) Cu2+ ions present in 3cm3 of 1M Copper (II) Sulphate solution (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(d) Determine ratio of moles Cu2+ ions to moles of ammonia solution in the mixture that
gave highest precipitate. (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(e) Name the precipitate (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………

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 GOLDLITE PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE)

451/1 - COMPUTER STUDIES - PAPE1

FORM 3
(Theory)
2025 – 2½ Hours
Name: …………………………………….…….…… ADM NO: …………………….
School: ……………………………………………………………………………….......
Stream: ……………Student’s Signature: ……….……….... Date: ……… ……

Instruction to candidates
(a) Write your name and index number in the spaces provided above
(b) This paper consists of TWO sections; A and B.
(c) Answer all the questions in section A.
(d) Answer question 16 and any other THREE questions from section B.
(e) ALL answers should be written in the spaces provided on the question paper.
(f) All answers should be written in the spaces provided on the question paper
(g) This paper consists of 11 printed pages.
(h) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated and
that no questions are missing.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Section Question Score

A 1-15

16

17

B 18
19
20

TOTAL MARKS
 SECTION A

1. Define a computer. (1 mark)

2. Distinguish between safety precautions and safety practices in the computer laboratory.(2 marks)

3. a) What is a peripheral device? (1 mark)

b) Name two examples of peripheral devices (2 marks)

4. Differentiate between the hardware and software components of a computer giving an example
of each. (3 marks)

5. Give 3 reasons why an IT manager would reject a request by a database administrator to replace
his desktop with a laptop? (3 marks)

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6. Give 2 reasons why a computer system needs memory management. (2 marks)

7. a) What is a computer generation. (1 mark)

b)State four characteristics of the first generation computers (2 marks)

8. a) What is a directory? (1 mark)

b) Use a diagram to show the essential elements of a computer file. (3 marks)

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9. a) What is the purpose of a section break? (1 mark)

b) What is a thesaurus? (1 mark)

c) What is italic? (1 mark)

10. How can a spreadsheet be used for scientific application? (2 marks)

11. Speech or voice input is rapidly developing means pf input to a computer.

List two advantages and two disadvantages of speech input technology. (4 marks)

12. Distinguish between a 4th generation language and scripting language (2 marks)

13. Worksheet cells are referenced using the column letter and row number e.g. D2 is cell in column D and row
2.
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 Use the sample worksheet provided to answer the questions below.

A B C D E F
1 Month Jan. Feb. Mar. April. Total
2 Fees 460 460 460 460
3 Food 300 350 305 270
4 Electricity 100 100 100 100
5 Fuel 150 150 150 150
6 Transport 380 270 150 300
7 Total

a) Write down the data type that is stored in cell C5. (1 mark)

b) What cell contains the data item representing transport for the month of February?(1 mark)

c) Write down the formula that may be used to compute the total in cell F6. (1 mark)

14. Give 2 ways in which irrelevance can corrupt the integrity of data. (2 marks)

15. Give 3 purposes of an Information System. (3 marks)

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 SECTION B Answer Question 16 and any other THREE questions in this Section.

16.a) What is a flowchart as used in programming? (2 marks)

b) Define the following terms as used in programming, and draw a program

flowchart representing each. (6 marks)
i) Iteration

ii) Sequence

c) Write a program in a High level language to read any amount of dollars and convert it into Kenya Shillings.
The output must be in Kenya Shillings.
Assume the variables, dollars, exchange rate and shillings as real numbers. (7marks)

17. a) Using ones complement, work out 84-34. (4 marks)

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b) Express the result in hexadecimal. (2 marks)

c) Express the result in octal. (2 marks)

d) Express the result in Binary. (2 marks)

e) i) State one area where computers are used. (1 mark)

ii) Give any two advantages of using computers in this area. (4 marks)

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18.A multinational organisation has offered to donate computers to your school.
The Board of Governors has requested you to advise on the operating system to be used by providing answers
to the following questions.

a) What is an operating system? (1 mark)

b) State and briefly explain any two types of operating systems. (6 marks)

c) Briefly explain any four functions of an operating system. (8 marks)

19. a) State any three reasons why people may resist the introduction of computers at their place of
work. (3 marks)

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 b) Explain the difference between data privacy and data security. (4 marks)

c) State two operational methods of an organisation ensuring the security of data. (2 marks)

d) Explain the use of computers in health care. (6 marks)

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20. a) How can a spreadsheet be used for data management? (2 mark)

b) Distinguish between a label and a value cell in a spreadsheet. (2 marks)

c) Distinguish between partitioning and formatting of a disk. (2 marks)

d) List 4 types of file organisation methods. (4 marks)

e) Explain the difference between source code and object code. (2 marks)

f) List any three possible causes of loss of programs and data. (3 marks)

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 GOLDLITE PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE)

451/2 - COMPUTER STUDIES - PAPER 2

FORM 3
PRACTICAL
2025 – 2½ Hours
Name: …………………………………….…….…… ADM NO: ………
School: …………………………………………………………………
Stream: ……………Student’s Signature: ……….………...Date:

Instructions to Candidates
i. Indicate your name and index number at the right-hand corner of each printout
ii. Write your name and index number on the CD/removable storage medium provided
iii. Write the name and version of the software used for each question attempted in the answer
sheet provided
iv. Answer all the questions, all questions carry equal marks
v. Passwords should not be used while saving in the CD/removable storage Medium
vi. Marked printout of the answers on the sheet
vii. Hand in all the printouts and the CD/removable storage medium used.
viii. This paper consists of 6 printed pages.
ix. Candidates should check the question paper to ensure that all pages are printed as
indicated and no questions are missing.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

QUESTION MAX SCORE SCORE

ONE 50

TWO 50

TOTAL 100

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 1. Levergo Limited is a waste management company. They have new products
which they would wish to introduce to their clients through a letter. An
invoice for previous services offered will be attached to the letter.

The following is a letter and an invoice to their client.

P.O. BOX 12275-00100

MTOPANGA
Phone +254(111)12145Fax +254(23)12125

Ref: St/Fture/001
Ms. Stefanie Czeda
P.O. Box 12275-00100
Mtopanga

28th November 2015

Dear Customer,
Re: Introduction Letter.
Levergo Ltd, a leading company in selling of upholstrey. We are now pleased
to inform you that it has expanded their products and services. We are now
selling other products as listed below:
Code Item Description Fee per unit
001 Flashdisks Ksh. 60.00
002 Power Cables Ksh. 600.00
003 Mobile Phones Ksh. 6000.00
004 DVD/CD Ksh. 30.00
We are happy to have you as one of our esteemed customers and we promise
that we shall always strive to remain competitive this emerging area.
Enclosed, find your invoice for the products delivered last month.
Yours faithfully,
Stephanie Czeda
Sales Manager

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 LEVERGO LTD
P.O. BOX 12275-00100
MTOPANGA
Phone +254(111)12145Fax +254(23)12125

INVOICE

Order Number Customer Name Order Date Required Date

234 Stefanie Czeda 23rd Nov 2015 24th Dec 2015

No Item Description Units Unit Price Total Amount

(Ksh.) (Ksh.)
1 Leather Soafset 2 30000.00
2 Door mat 5 75.00
3 Curtains 3 1200.00

Grand Total

Received by: Signature Date

(a) Using a wordprocessing package, create a document with the following as

they appear.

(i) The letter.

(ii) The invoice on the next page

(iii) Save the document as Levergo (42 ½marks)

(b) (i) Copy the content of the document named Singlen into a blank

document. Save the document as Levergo2. (1 ½ marks)

(ii) Converts the data in the columns; code, item description and fee per

unit into a table without retyping. (2marks)

(c ) Use wordprocessing formulae to calculate the following in the invoice

on the document named Levergo2.

(i) Total amount of each item. (1 mark)

(ii) Grand total. (1 mark)

Save your work.

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 (d) Print each of the following on both sides of the printing paper.

(i) Levergo (1 mark)

(ii) Levergo2 (1 mark)

2. The figure below shows an extract of a worksheet showing sales and expenses
for Amani Company for the months of January to June. Use it to answer the
questions that follow.

A B C D E F G H
1
2 SALES AND EXPENSES
3
4 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Total
5 Sales 150000 125000 180000 130000 98000 165000
6 Expenses
7 Rent 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000
8 Utilities 5000 3000 5000 8000 4000 5000
9 Salaries 40000 40000 42000 40000 40000 40000
10 Suppliers 30000 39000 50000 50000
11 Consultants 9000 45000
12
13
14
15 Profit or loss
16
17 % tax on sales 15%

(a) Create the worksheet as it appears in the figure on a spreadsheet package and

save it as Incomestatement. (9 marks)

(b) Use a function that references only to cells to calculate:

(i) Total sales from January to June. (1 mark)

(ii) Total for rent expenses and apply the formula to obtain the total for

other expenses. (2 marks)

(iii) The profit or loss for each month. (2 marks)

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 (c) Format the worksheet as follows:

(i) Merge the cells from A2 to H2 (1 mark)

(ii) Resize the title to font size 16 and apply bold. (2 marks)

(iii) Apply a single line boarder to all the cells containing data. (1 mark)

(iv) Align to the right all the column headings in the worksheet. (1 mark)

(v) Apply a grey background colour to all the column headings. (1 mark)

(d) (i) Rename the current worksheet as Profit. (1 mark)

(ii)Copy the content of the worksheet named Profit to a new worksheet and
rename the new worksheet Modified. (1 mark)

(e) The company is expected to remit 15% of their sales as sales tax to a revenue

authority.

(i) Insert a blank row below the sales row and label it as “Sales Tax”(1 mark)

(ii) Compute the sales tax for January using absolute sell referencing to obtain

the tax for the other months. (3marks)

(iii) Calculate profit or loss for each month after taxation. (2 marks)

(f) (i) Insert a blank row below the profit or loss row and label it as “Comment”.

(1 mark)

(ii)Use the “IF” function to display comments for the profit or loss as follows

Profit or loss Comment

More than 60,000 Ok

More than 30,000 and sales less than 60,000 Break even

Less than 30,000 Check (4 marks)

(g) Create a bar chart to compare the sales and the total expenses for each of the

six months and:

i. Insert the chart title: “Sales Expenses Analysis”

ii. Insert the x-axis label: “Month”;

iii. Insert the y-axis label: “Amount”;

iv. Insert data labels for the sales series;

v. Save it as new worksheet named Comparison (11 marks)

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 (h) Set the page orientation of the worksheet named Modified to landscape.

(1mark)

(i) Print the following worksheets:

i. Profit

ii. Modified

iii. Modified showing the formula

iv. Comparison (5 marks)

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
313/1 CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION PAPER1

FORM 3

2025- 2 ½ hours
Name …………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date………………………………………

Instructions to candidates

a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided.

b) Sign and write the date of the examination.
c) Answer all five the questions in this question paper
d) All your answers must be written in the spaces provided.
e) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
f) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no printed pages and questions are missing.

For examiners Use Only

QUESTIONS 1 2 3 4 5 TOTAL SCORE

MAXIMUM 20 20 20 20 20 100
SCORE
STUDENT’S
SCORE

Page 1 of 2 FOR ANSWERS AND MORE QUESTIONS CALL/TEXT 0724351706

1a) Describe the first Biblical creation account (Genesis I) (8mks)

b) Mention SIX relationships between human beings and God in the second Biblical account of creation
(6mks)
c) Give lessons to Christians from the fall of Adam into sin in Genesis 3 (6 marks)

2a) Outline SIX importance of the Abrahamic covenant (6 marks)

b) What were the physical effects of the Egyptians when Pharaoh refused to release the Israelites?
(7 marks)
c) State lessons to Christians from the breaking of the Sinai covenant (7 marks)

3a) Identify FIVE problems encountered by the Israelites while settling in Canaan
(5 marks)
b) Write down failures of King Saul (7 marks)
c) State activities that describe Elijah as the man of God (8 marks)

4a) Outline FIVE differences between the Old Testament Prophets and African Seers
(5 marks)
b) Describe the vision of the Plumbline as revealed to prophet Amos during his call (Amos 7:7-9)
(8 marks)
c) State lessons to Christians from Amos teaching on Israel Election (7 marks)

5a) Identify teaching of prophet Jeremiah on idolatry (6 marks)

b) Explain the significance of Jeremiah’s symbolic act of buying linen waist cloth (Jeremiah 13)
(8 marks)
c) Mention SIX sufferings of Prophet Jeremiah during his ministry (8 marks)

6a) What were the roles of Rainmakers in traditional African communities? (7 marks)
b) State occasions when services of the herbalists were required in African communities
(6 marks)
c) Identify traditional African practices undermining the dignity of women (7 marks)

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
313/2 CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION PAPER 2

FORM 3

2025- 2 ½ hours
Name …………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date………………………………………

Instructions to candidates

a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided.

b) Sign and write the date of the examination.
c) Answer ANY five the questions in this question paper
d) All your answers must be written in the spaces provided.
e) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
f) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no printed pages and questions are missing.

For examiners Use Only

QUESTIONS 1 2 3 4 5 TOTAL SCORE

MAXIMUM 20 20 20 20 20 100
SCORE
STUDENT’S
SCORE

Page 1 of 2 CALL /TEXT 0724351706 F0R MS AND MORE PAPERS

1a) Describe the concept of the Messiah in the New Testament. (7 marks)
b) Outline activities that took place when Mary visited Elizabeth. Lk 1:39-56 (7 marks)
c) Identify SIX ways in which Christian youths should show gratitude to God.
(6 marks)

2a) Relate the story of the healing of a man with a withered hand LK 6:6-11 (8 marks)
b) Explain the teachings of Jesus from the parable of the Sower. (4 marks)
c) Write down EIGHT ways in which churches are assisting the sick. (8 marks)

3a) Give reasons why Jesus was arrested (6 marks)

b) Describe an incident when Jesus was questioned about his authority during Jerusalem Ministry LK
20:18 (6 marks)
c) Outline the importance of Easter holidays to Christians. (8 marks)

4a) Mention St. Paul’s teachings on how the gifts of the Holy Spirit should be used in the Church.
(8 marks)
b) Explain the New Testament teachings on Christian unity (6 marks)
c) State SIX challenges that church ministers face today (6 marks)
5. (a) Describe the triumphant entry of Jesus into Jerusalem as in Luke 19:28-40 (8marks)
(b) Outline seven teachings of Jesus on prayer (7marks)
(c) Why do some Christians find it difficult to pray? (5marks)

6. (a) Outline Jesus’ teaching on the role of the Holy spirit (7 marks)
(b) Show how the Unity of Believers is illustrated in the image of the vine and the branches as recorded in
John 15:1-10 (8marks)
(c) State five factors which threaten unity in the church today (5 marks)

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

101/2 ENGLISH PAPER 2
FORM 3

(Comprehension, literary appreciation and grammar.)

2025- 2 ½ hours
Name …………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date………………………………………

Instructions to candidates

a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided.

b) Sign and write the date of the examination.
c) Answer all the questions in this question paper
d) All your answers must be written in the spaces provided.
e) This paper consists of 8 printed pages.
f) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no printed pages and questions are missing.

EXAMINER’S USE ONLY

QUESTION MARKS CANDIDATE’S SCORE
1 20
2 20
3 20
4 20
TOTAL 80

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 1. Read the passage below and then answer the questions that follow.

Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow
You may think that expecting food to change your life is too much to ask. But have you considered that eating
the right food at the right time will increase your energy, help you manage weight and ward off major illness?
Researchers have found that eating a meal with plenty of protein leaves you feeling more satisfied for longer
when compared to a meal loaded with low-quality carbohydrates. your body takes longer to digest protein,
leading to a gradual increase in blood sugar. The high protein breakfast will therefore carry you through the
morning and ,more importantly ,through your tea break. Many high-carbohydrate meals are absorbed quickly
and send blood sugar on a roller coaster ride, taking your appetite with it and depleting your energy.
Many foods contain antioxidants neutralize molecules known as free radicals before they damage arteries and
body cells. This protects you from heart diseases, high blood pressure, cancer and diabetes; you can now see
why antioxidant foods should be consumed in generous portions. Actually, forget pills-antioxidants work best
when consumed in foods. In fact, nutritionists recommend that we eat five portions of fruit and vegetables a
day. Its less daunting than it sounds: a portion equals a piece of fruit, three tablespoons of cooked vegetables or
a glass of flesh juice.
And do you desire to relieve yourself of some baggage? calcium is the latest weight –loss star to appear on the
scene. Scientists stumbled on its magic by accident. From a study that measured the blood pressure of obese
people, it was discovered that those who took one large tub of yoghurt a day in their diet lost an average of
eleven pounds of body fat in one year, even though they did not eat less.
A follow-up study found that people high-calcium diet lost more weight and fat than did people on a low
calcium diet- and again, both consumed the same number of calories.
Researcher*believe calcium encourages fat cells to stop “getting fatter”. Instead, the cells burn extra fat without
you having to go anywhere near a gymnasium.
It probably sounds strange to say that you can eat more in order to lose weight .Obviously, the question you
should ask immediately is, “Eat more of what?”We are talking about foods rich in fibre . They have what is
refer to as low energy density; that translates to few calories relative to weight. This means that you can down a
mountain without fear of calorie overload.
Fibre also aids weight loss because its filling. Most high fibre foods take a lot of chewing triggering your bodies
fullness sensors. Moreover, you absorb the food more slowly so you feel full longer. Will the wonders of food
ever cease? Not if researchers in nutrition keep up their pace. Let them keep the good news flowing-such as the
fact we don’t have to starve ourselves to lose weight and keep disease at bay.

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Questions
(a) From the information given in the first paragraph, how can you improve your life? (2 marks)
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) In not more than 35 words, summarize the effects of eating carbohydrates.(4 marks)
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(c) Explain how free radicals contribute to the occurrence of high blood pressure and cancer. (2 marks)
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(d) In what two forms can antioxidants- be consumed? (2 marks)
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(e) “In fact, nutritionists recommend that we eat five portions of fruits and vegetables a day.”
Rewrite the sentence above as a question without changing the meaning, beginning: Don’t……(1 mark)
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(f) What is the attitude of the author towards calcium calcium as a weight –cutting measure? (2 marks)
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(g) According to the passage, how can you use up excess fat? (2 marks)
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(h) Identify an instance of irony in the passage. (2 marks)
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(i) Explain the meaning of the following words as used in the passage. (3 marks)

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 i. Daunting……………………………………………………………………………………….
ii. Baggage……………………………………………………………………………………….
iii. Down a mountain……………………………………………………………………………..
2. Read the excerpt below from the Fathers of Nations and answer the questions that follow. (20 marks)
"Why do you want to steal my wife?"
"The word I used is 'marry'. You prefer 'steal'?"
"What good is she to you?" Kimani cursed himself for that wording: he had degraded not only his wife but also
himself, and in the same breath, upgraded his foe.
"What good is she to me? Because she is much older than I am? — is that what you mean? Then hear my
answer. Old is gold."
Mr Walomu's opponents had a different answer: ' 'When a cat gets into a pigeon coop," they said, "it kills all the
pigeons it finds there, not just those it will eat".
Mr Walomu had already eaten three pigeons and now had in his paws a fourth: Asiya. Strewn along his path,
lay many others he had killed but not eaten. So who could say for sure that,months hence, Asiya would not
become one of these?
Mr Walomu's opponents continued. "As for what you call 'stealing', a professor in Texas saysthat lots of people
do it. He threw in a Swahili to support his claim.
"Na hivyo ndivyo ilivyo." To help it along, he gave an appropriate English equivalent. "And that's how the
cookie crumbles."
That was mockery Professor Kimani felt had to reject. "You have three beautiful wives," he began. This was a
silly start, as even he realised. Had he not sounded like an envious loser? Nonetheless, he went on. "All of them
are young."
"And young they'll still be the day I die," Walomu added.
"Karanja, you know the saying: 'A real bull dies with green grass in its mouth' ."
QUESTIONS
a) Briefly explain what happens just before this excerpt. (4marks)

…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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b) Identify and illustrate two-character traits of Walomu in the excerpt. (4 marks)

…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c) Then hear my answer. (Add a question tag) (1 mark).

…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
d) Discuss two themes raised in the excerpt. (4 marks)

…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
e) Identify and illustrate three stylistic devices used in the excerpt. (6 marks)

…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
f) To help it along, he gave an approximate English equivalent. (Rewrite beginning with the main clause) (1
mark).

…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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3. Read the narrative below and then answer the questions that follow.

One day on a farm, cat took out her walking stick and started to walk laboriously along the road, leaning heavily
on her stick. Hen, who was pecking at the ground nearby, looked up and said, “Aunty Aunty, where are you
going?”
The cat said, “I am off to the holy city to give my annual offering”. Hen said, “May I come with you? I
will accompany you on your long journey and at the same time perform my pilgrimage as well”. Cat replied “If
you must, there is no stopping you”. So both of them started moving further on the road. Then they met Duck.
Duck said, “Aunty, where are you going?”
Cat replied, “Come if you must,” Duck joined them.
A little ahead they met Mouse. Mouse asked, “Aunty where are you going?” Cat replied, “I am going to the
holy city,” Mouse asked, “May I come along with you?”Cat said, “If you want to dear.” They walked along the
road for sometime then cat said, “Oh my old bones, now they ache ohoo.” The three stopped and offered to rest
along with her. Cat said, “Hen may wait with me if she likes, the two of you go on ahead. We will catch up with
you.” The cat pounced on the Hen and ate her up.
After a few hours, Cat caught up with Duck and Mouse. When they enquired about Hen, Cat said, “Oh,
she had forgotten her offering at home and has gone back for it,” And they walked on.
The next day Cat began to groan again, and this time asked Duck to stay with her. Mouse went on
ahead. When Cat caught up with Mouse she said Duck has forgotten her offering as well.
At this Mouse got suspicious for if Duck forgotten her offering as well she would have turned back with
Hen. Meanwhile, Cat thought: “Now it is the turn of Mouse, what a delicacy! The taste will linger for a long
time in my mouth.”
Then she said to the Mouse, “Mouse let us stop for a rest.” After a while she said, “It is long since I played
catch and catch with anyone. Why don’t I fulfill this desire for who knows how long I have to live?”
Mouse began to play; he ran here and there; soon he realized that Cat was out to get him so he quickly
darted into a hole in the ground. Now cat know she could not get Mouse so she said, “Mouse, Mouse, come out.
I want to tell you a story,” Craftily Mouse replied, “You tell the story and I will listen to it in here.”
So, you see whenever Mouse sees Cat, he runs quickly to hide for he knows that Cat is after him. He has
not forgotten the uncompleted journey to the holy city.
Questions
(a) With reasons, classify the above narrative. (2marks)
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…….…………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………………………

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(b) What three features of oral narrative are evident in this story? (6marks)
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
..………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(c) Describe two character traits of Cat as revealed in the narrative. (4 marks)
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(d) Discuss the message in the narrative. (3marks)
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(e) If you are asked to go and collect this story in the field, state:-
Three things you would do before the actual field trip. (3 marks)
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
Two difficulties you are likely to encounter. (2marks)
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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4. GRAMMAR (20mks)
a. After each of the following words, write a word that is gender sensitive. (3 marks)
i. Spokesman-
ii. Airhostess-
iii. Cleaning lady-
b. Use the correct form of the word in brackets to complete each of the following sentences.(3 marks)
i. Owino did not know that a tree had………….….(strike) his house
ii. Nobody expected the company to make …………..(lose)
iii. The three……..(passer-by)were arrested.
c. Fill in the blank spaces below with the correct form of the verb in brackets.(3 marks)
i. The team was………….…..…... for coming late.(qualify)
ii. They were……..…..………attacked by the gangsters.(vicious)
iii. The …………………..of the matter brought the president to their county.(grave)
d. Fill each blank space in the following sentences with the correct preposition.(6 marks)
i. Sometimes it is quicker to go………..……..foot than……………..bus.
ii. Sign your name………….…the dotted line…………...the bottom of the page.
iii. There is something exciting…………....…football.
Throughout Kenya, football matches are played………..…..capacity crowds.
e. Fill in the most suitable preposition. (3marks)

i) He was cautioned not to interfere ……………….the affairs of others.

ii) All of us sat down to jot ………………….. the notes.
iii) No one voted …………………..me and that made me happy.
f. Explain the difference in meaning between the sentences that follow. (2marks)
i) He swept the room clean.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

ii) He swept the clean room.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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 ENGLISH
TERM 1
FORM 3
ENGLISH
PAPER 3
TIME: 2 ½ HOURS
Name: …………………………………………………………. Adm no: ……………….
School: ……………………………………………………….. Class: …………………..
Signature: …………………………………… Date: …………………...

INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES

Answer three questions only

Questions one and two are compulsory.

1) In question three choose only one of the optional texts, for which you have been
prepared.
2) Where a candidate presents work on more than one optional text, only the first to appear
will be marked
3) Each of your essay must not exceed 450 words
4) This paper consists of 2 printed pages. Candidates should check to ascertain that all
pages are printed as indicated and that no questions are missing.

1
 Imaginative Composition (COMPULSORY) (20 marks)
Either

a) Write a composition that has the following words: friends, police, court, jail.
Or

b) Write a composition on the following statement: “Technological advancement has

impacted negatively on the society, especially the youth.”

1. Compulsory text ‘The Samaritan’ by John Lara (20 marks)

Change can be initiated through the effort of ordinary citizens. Closely referring to Nicole in The

Samaritan by John Lara, write an essay to support this statement.

2. Optional texts

a) The Novel: Kazuo Ishuguro, an Artist of the Floating World. (20marks)

War is a social evil that should be avoided at all costs owing to its adverse consequences.
Validate the statement referring to Kazuo Ishuguro’s novel An Artist of the Floating
World.
or
(b) The Short Stories Godwin Shiundu, ‘A silent Song and other stories’ (20marks)

In a society today, some people who have power end up abusing it " Drawing illustration's from

Naquib Mahfouz A man of Awesome Powers, justify the above statement.

or

c) Parliament of owls by Adipo Sidang’ (20 marks)

Discuss how Adipo Sidang’ has addressed oppression in the play ‘Parliament of Owls’.

2
 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL SERVICES
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
SMARTFOCUS EXAMINATIONS
TERM 1 2025
Name ………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date……………………………………

FORM 3
101/2
ENGLISH
Paper 2
(Comprehension, Literary Appreciation and Grammar)
Time: 2½ Hours

Instructions to students

• Write your name, admission number and class in the spaces provided.
• Sign and write the date of the examination in the spaces provided.
• Answer all questions in the spaces provided in blue ink.
• All your answers must be written in the spaces provided in this question paper.
• This paper consists of 9 printed pages.
• Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as
indicated and that no questions are missing
• Candidates must answer all questions in English
Question Maximum Student’s Examiner’s
Score Score Initials

1 20

2 25

3 20

4 15

TOTAL 80

1
1. Read the following passage and then answer the question that follow (20 marks)
Africa are undoubtedly a very enduring race and have the capacity to utilize the available
natural resources for the betterment of life. The biggest challenge, however, is to identify ways
and means of creating an environment that is likely to encourage development in Africa. Perhaps
the greatest strategy would be to develop political structures and government institutions that have
the capacity to formulate and implement ‘genuine poverty alleviation strategies’. Administrative
arrangements that no longer serve our needs should be overhauled or discarded altogether.
Government should foster exploitation and management of natural resources by providing an
enabling environment. Having stable government may not be effective if we don’t fight corruption.
We should ensure that leaders and government agents become answerable to the tax payers. The
public should be educated on the ills of corruption. Those who have stolen public funds must be
made to return them and face the full force of the law. Again, people known to have stashed
money in foreign banks should be forced to repatriate that money so as to improve cash flow in
our economies.
Apart from this, Africa must find a way of solving their internal conflicts without involving
the international community. After all, we are all brothers with a common cause .The need to unite
and exist as unitary state should be stressed as this overrides clan and tribal rights or sentiments
that fuel animosity. The Africa union should be strengthened to enable it to arbitrate intra and
inter-state disputes .The resulting peace will provide a suitable environment for economic growth
and set us on the road to recovery and prosperity. Another solution would be to develop rural-
based economies, since the bulk of our population live in the rural areas. Industries that process
farm produce and those that manufacture farm inputs, machinery and implements should be
located in the rural areas .Similarly mining concerns should establish processing plants near the
mines. Such industries will naturally recruit manpower from the locality involved and
consequently reduce the incidence of rural-urban migration. Setting up industries in the rural areas
will necessitate development of infrastructures which will open up rural areas for business This
will further encourage expansion and increase food production to counter perennial food shortage
in Africa .For instances, development of dairy and beef processing industry in the rural areas will
encourage sustainable livestock keeping and probably bring to an end loss of cattle to drought. A
rural based economy will basically raise the income of the rural people and bridge the disparity
between the rich and the poor.
We should also introduce appropriate technology in exploitation of natural resources and
in wealth creation. Since imported technologies are expensive to maintain, Africa should tap local
expertise to develop technologies appropriate to our needs. Home grown technology should enable
us alleviate Africa’s food security by utilizing river and lake water for irrigation and by harnessing
wind and solar energy.

2
 Lastly our economic units such as ECOWAS, SADC, and EAC should be transformed into
common markets by removing unnecessary tariffs on goods at various entry points so as to realize
the benefits of a common market. The people of Africa should continually seek a better life. We
have the resources; we have the manpower, and the capacity to make things move.
(a) What should African countries do to fight corruption? (3 marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………….……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………….................................................................................................................
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(b) Explain how Africans can open up rural areas. (1 marks)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………….……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………….................................................................................................................
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
(c) What do you understand by the term ‘genuine poverty alleviation strategies’? (1 mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………….……………………………………………………………………………………
(d) Why is appropriate technology useful? (1 mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………….……………………………………………………………………………………
(e) How can African government improve cash flow in their economies? (2 marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………….……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………….................................................................................................................
(f) In not more than 50 words, write a summary on the various ways of fostering
development in African countries. (5 marks)
Rough copy
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………….……………………………………………………………………………………
………………………................................................................................................................
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………….……………………………………………………………………………………
Fair copy

3
 …………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………….……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………….................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………….……………………………………………………………………………………
(g) What is the tone of the last paragraph of this passage concerning the future of Africa?
(2 marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………….……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………….................................................................................................................
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(h) The public should be educated on the ills of corruption. (Rewrite adding a question tag)
(1 mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………….……………………………………………………………………………………
………………………...............................................................................................................
(i) Explain the meaning of the following words and phrase as used in the passage. (2 marks)
i) stashed ………………………………………………………………………….
ii) disparity …………………………………………………………………………
iii) overrides ...............................................................................................................
2. Read the excerpt below and then answer the questions that follow. (25 marks)
Biossi: (Pacing about on the stage, turns to face the Principal and Nicole.) I am afraid we may
not continue with this thing. Oh, I have already forgotten what you ate calling

Pirro: (Looking rather disappointed) but why, Your Worship? This is a blessing for out country.

Mossi: Don't you see it? It might turn out to be platform forr misinformation, lies and witch hunt
You see, last year sojneone spread a rutnour that had died, Me just sent a text message on some
social ntediä and it spread like wild bush fite,And do you know almost died? During that titne, I
accidently swallowed a whole toothpick!

Ramdaye: Oh, yes, I see the risk. They tnight spread another rumour on this platform! And you
might swallow another toothpick! Yes, you will!

Basdeo: (To Mayor) The way I see it, that App will bc a people's platform! And it will have far-
reaching implications whether you launch it or not.

Mossi: (Casting a stern look at Mr. Basdeo) I need time to think about it. I will raunch it at my
own convenient time. (Turning to Nicole and the Principal) There are no two ways for now. Halt

4
any activities regarding that thing until my office gives further guidance. (Ramdaye nods in
approval. Other guests exchange knowing glances in silence)

Narine: Your Worship, the President of the Republic is scheduled to officially launch the App ar
the national level early next year when schools reopen. We presently have some ongoing
activities in preparation for it. I doubt whether this process can be stopped.

Harvester: (Looking at the Principal and Nicole alternately) Is that so?

Mossi: (Looking at the principal) The President?

Narine: Yes, Sir.

Ramdaye: Why have you kept us in the dark about it?

Narine: The Mayor's offce has been duly informed, Sir.

Mossi; (Looking at Narine) Oh yes, I remember! But you never explained 'tvhat kind of thing it
was! No, you still have to stop it!

Pirro: J think that is beyond their powers, Your Worship. (Looking at Mr. Pirro) This thing we
are talking about is a school project under their control! (Turning to face the principal) It is,
therefore, within your powers to find a way around it. You are at the centre of it! Figure out a
way, like writing to the Ministry of Education indicating that there are some fundamental errors
in it that you need to attend get what J mean?

Nicole: I am afraid, Your Worship, the assessment of the innovations was done by senior
officers at the Ministry of Education. Experienced software engineers 'Were involved. It passed
all the tests, and no errors were found…..

a) Place this excerpt in its immediate context. (6 marks)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) Why is Mayor Mossi adamant to launch the App? (2marks)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
c) From elsewhere in the play, what is the name of the App and how is it a people's platform? (4
marks)

5
 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
d) give reasons App is error-proof. (4marks)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………

e) Think about fit: (Rewrite using the question tag.) (1 mark)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
f) Identify and explain any two stylistic devices used in the excerpt. (4marks)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
g) Explain the meaning of the following eexpressions as used in the excerpt. (4 marks)

i) Far-reaching Implications ………………………………………………………………

ii) Halt ……………………………………………………………………………………
iii) Kept us in the dark ……………………………………………………………………
iv) Figure out a way………………………………………………………………………

3. Read the oral poem below and then answer the questions that follow. (20 marks)
Bob bob, bobbing wagtail
Coming bobbing along.

Take your shield Little Girl Twin

And we go kill the Herdsmen
But the Herdsmen have done no harm
When they slaughtered their ox
They gave me a piece of bone
Take that to your mother Little Girl Twin
And I will take this to my father.

6
 As I went trudging along
Eagle came and struck me
And I plucked a feather from him
From whom did you pluck the feather?
I plucked it from Sharp-Sharp-Claws
And where is Sharp-Sharp-Claws gone to?
He is gone to the papyrus patch
This is no papyrus patch
This is only a bogey marsh.

The plucky plucking woman

Where she plucks her hoe from
Is where she plucks beans from
Like this: kku!
(a) Classify the above song. (2 marks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) Who is singing in the song? Give a reason. (2 marks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(c) Identify and illustrate two features that make this and oral song. (4 marks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………

(d) Describe the tone the singer uses as the song is performed. (2 marks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
(e) State any two the functions of the song (2 marks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

7
 (f) Explain one economic activity from the community in which the song is picked from. (1 mark)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
(g) Explain the two voices singing in the poem (2 marks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
(h) Summarize what the singer is singing about. (3 marks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
(i) With illustration identify the moral values emphasized in the community. (2 marks)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. Grammar (15 marks)
(a) For each of the sentences below, use the word given in brackets to form a phrasal verb
and fill in the blank. (2 marks)
i) The teacher was keen not to be ………………………. for the students’ tricks. (take)
ii) I cannot …………………………………………… with an untidy person. (put)
(b) Fill in the blanks in the following sentences using the correct form of the word given in
brackets after each. (2 marks)
i) My elder brother has greatly suffered because of his ………………………… (naïve)
ii) ……………………….. between neighbors is a deterrent to development. (enemy)
(c) Rewrite the following sentences as instructed after each (4 marks)
i) The team has been looking into the matter. (Begin: The matter…)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
ii) The dog was hit by a speeding car while crossing the road. (Begin: Crossing ….)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………….
iii) Peter is taller than……………………………………………. ( use either I or me)

8
 …………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………….
iv) ‘’These people,’’ said the principal, ‘’are here to pay your school fees.’’( Rewrite in
reported speech)
…………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………….
(d) Use the right relative pronoun to complete the following sentences. (2 marks)
i) This is the man to ………………………………..I gave the book.
ii) The farmer ……………………… cow stole into my garden has been arrested.
(e) Complete each of the sentences below using appropriate articles. (a, an, the)
(3 marks)
i. Janet knows how to play …………………………………..flute
ii. I am working hard so that I can join …………………….university in South Africa.
iii. I was asked to read ……………………..eulogy of my grandmother on short notice.
(f) Explain two different meanings of the following sentence (2 marks)

Judas told his friend that he is a traitor.

……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………….....

9
 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE)

101/3 - ENGLISH - Paper 3

FORM 4
(Creative Compositions & Essays Based on Set Texts)
2025 2hrs

Name: ………………………………………….……Index No: ……………………………………...

School: ……………………………………………………………………………………....................

Stream: ………………Candidate’s Signature: ………..……….......Date: …………………...

Instructions to candidates
(a) Write your name, index number and name of your school in the spaces provided above.
(b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
(c) Answer three questions only.
(d) Question 1 and 2 are compulsory.
(e) In question 3 choose only one of the optional set texts you have prepared on.
(f) Where a candidate presents more than one optional set text, only the first one to appear will be marked.
(g) Each of your essays must not exceed 450 words.
(h) All your answers must be written in the spaces provided.
(i) This paper consists of 2 printed pages. Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that
all the pages are printed as indicated and that no questions are missing.
(j) Candidates must answer the questions in English.

For Examiner’s Use Only

Section Maximum Candidate’s Score

Score

1 20

2 20

3 20

Total 60

Page 1 FOR MARKING SCHEMES AND MORE PAPERS LIKE THIS ONE INBOX OR CALL 0724351706
 Answer three questions only

Imaginative Composition (Compulsory) (20marks)

1.
Either
a) Write a composition to end with the following:
“…. That is how he ended up in this present condition”.

Or

b) Write a composition on how road accidents can be curbed.

2. Compulsory Set Text (20marks)

Paul B. Vitta, Fathers of Nations
A person controlled by a desire for power has no sense of justice. Drawing your illustrations from Fathers of
Nations by Paul B. Vitta write an essay supporting this statement. (20 marks)
3. The Optional Set Texts (20 marks)

Answer any one of the following three questions.

Either

a) The short story

A Silent Song and other stories
Vrenika Partha, Ninema
Ninema is a short story about challenges of women in life. By referring to the life of Ninema, support this
assertion.
Or
b) The Novel

Kazuo Ishiguro, An Artist of the Floating World

Write an essay demonstrating the folly of war with illustrations from An Artist of the Floating World by Kazuo
Ishiguro

Or

c) drama

Adipo Sidang', Parliament of Owls.

Discuss how Adipo Sidang' has addressed oppression in the "parliament of Owls."

Page 2 FOR MARKING SCHEMES AND MORE PAPERS LIKE THIS ONE INBOX OR CALL 0724351706
 Term 1
ENGLISH (101)
PAPER 2
FORM 4

Name: ………………………………………………….. Adm No: ……………………………………

School: …………………………………………………. Class: ……………………………………….

Date: …………………………………………………… Sign: ………………………………………..

TIME: 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

1. Answer all questions in this question paper.

2. All your answers must be written in the spaces provided in the question paper.

FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

QUESTION TOTAL MARKS SCORE

COMPREHENSION 20

EXCERPT 25

POETRY 20

GRAMMAR 15

TOTAL MARKS 80

1
1. Read the Comprehension below and answer the questions below. (20marks)

Please show us mercy. Save us. We are dying of hunger and thirst. “This was the cry of four emaciated
children who escaped from Shakahola forest in March this year. The four children aged between 10 and 15
arrived at a village elder’s homestead in Shakahola trading center about 12km from the Shakahola extensive
farm tired and bruised as they walked through the forest in their attempt to escape from the forced cult fast. In
this new discovery, Shakahola village elder Changawa Mangi says the children had lost weight and told him
they had been locked in by their parents and forced to fast while those who defied instructions were killed. “I
gave them food and water and offered them refuge at my place for some time,” the elder said. Mangi, however,
says since the authorities were not aware of the cult activities in the forest, they decided to take time and
investigate the children’s allegations.

When they narrated the story to me, 1 took the matter to the area chief but he told me we should first investigate
the matter since the children might be making up stories. “We thought maybe the children were just pretending
and they were too lazy to work in the forest. That’s why they had run away and we were afraid of giving the
wrong information to the police,” Mangi said. It is after this incident that the chief and the village elder started
to trail the activities at Paul Mackenzie’s farm, “We collaborated with youths who were grazing in the forest
and after a week they told us they had seen many people who looked weak and that’s when we decided to
report the matter to the police,” he said, adding that later on, the four children were taken to a rescue Centre
in Malindi.

As the second phase of exhumation continues, dozens of bodies have been exhumed and children were the
most affected since they were the first to fast and die, followed by women and then men. Mackenzie told his
followers that in the Kingdom of God, children were given first priority and that is why they were to die and
go to heaven. Also, in his other teachings, Mackenzie explained that children should not be an obstacle in
advancing the gospel. “God has created you to spread his word. Children should not be an obstacle to this. If
you can’t preach because you are considering providing for your kids, they better starve to death. Let them
die. We will bury them.”

The number of bodies exhumed from the Shakahola forest has surpassed 211. The homicide team led by
Homicide director Martin Nyaguto has been digging the mass graves in the expansive Shakahola forest hoping
to exhume all the victims and identify them to allow their families to bury them with dignity. After the first
phase of exhumations, the morgue holds 112 bodies that have not been identified. Pathologists and forensic
experts, desperate to return remains to loved ones, are working tirelessly to find out who they are so that their
bodies can be laid to rest. Many families waiting in agony for news about their loved ones have continued to
give DNA samples. This is after chief government pathologist Johansen Oduor said the bodies exhumed in
the first phase were badly decomposed and would be difficult to identify.

The process begins inside the morgue, where pathologists extract tissue samples from the dead. Because of
the bodies’ advanced state of decomposition, often a piece of bone is the only option. The samples are then
delivered to a laboratory where analysts work to build DNA profiles. “I’m hoping to get the bodies of my
sister and my three nephews.” said Priscar Zawadi who has been camping at the Malindi sub-county hospital
mortuary for two weeks. “We just want to bury our loved ones with dignity,” she says.

2
QUESTIONS
a) What emotions does the first line of this passage evoke? (1mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) Why were the children walking through the forest? (1mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c) According to the passage, why did the Authorities take time to investigate the children’s allegations
(1mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
ii) What does this reveal about the authorities? (2marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
d) What finally prompted the chief to report the matter to the police? (1mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
e) Describe the prevailing tone in the passage. (3marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
f) According to the passage, what is the homicide team tasked to do? (2marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
g) Make notes on the process of DNA (4marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3
h) We will bury them. Add a question tag (1mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
i) Explain the meaning of the following words as used in the passage (4marks)
Emaciated
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Trail
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Exhumed
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Homicide
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Read the Excerpt below and answer the Questions that follow. (25marks)

“Ms McKenzie!” he said. “What a pleasant surprise!” He ushered her in. “Please come in.”

“I hope I’m not interrupting anything,” she said. He closed the door then steered her towards a chair.

“Feel at home,” he said.

“And I will.” She sat. “Mother has a question for her boy. How was your day, young one?”

“It was only so- so, “Mother,” he said. “Or, as we say back home, ‘Only small- small.”’

Mother thinks that’s big-big enough. Are you ready for tomorrow?”

As ready as I never will be, I guess, Mother.” He went and sat beside her.

“And do you still think the summit will adopt Way Omega?”

Only twelve hours. We can wait.”

4
 “By the way, guess who I ran into downstairs? Someone by the name Longway. I was tracking down a man
they call their guide and thought this fellow might be him. Do you know him?”

Dr Afolabi did not answer.

Well, do you know Mr Longway or not?”

“Yes, Ms McKenzie, I do. You might as well know this now: I am their guide.”

“What?”

“Promise you will keep that to yourself, Okay?”

“I promise.”

“Apart from Mr Longway , whom you now know, there are four other people I’m working with on the
periphery of the summit as their guide. Instead of adopting way Omega, this group wants the summit to adopt
Path Alpha.”

1. What happens before this excerpt.(4mks)

……………………..,…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Comment on any three styles in the excerpt. (6mks)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

5
 3. “Feel at home.” He said. (change to reported speech) (1mk)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. “Are you ready for tomorrow?” what is to happen tomorrow from the rest of the text? (3mks)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Identify and explain two character traits each of: (4mks)

I) Dr. Afolabi-

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Ms. Fiona mckenzie-

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. What is, “this group” and why does it want the summit to adopt, “ Path Alpha” and not “Way Omega”.
(4mks)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Give the meaning of these words: (3mks)

I) Steered-

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6
 II) Periphery-

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

III) Summit-

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. POETRY (20mks)

Read the poem below and answer the questions that follow

You watched

You watched those unfortunate kids

Those so-called street urchins

With pleading beseeching sunken eyes

Desperately calling out for help

A meal, a frock or shelter

You unflinchingly sent them packing Your

excuse, they make the town unsafe

You watched those orphans

Guilty of sins unknown

Agony masking their innocent faces

A testimony of years of anguish

Timidly calling out for help

For love, kindness or hope

Big drops of tears rolled down from your eyes Is

that all you can do?

7
You watched the handicapped Struggling
to be like you and me Indifferent to their
needs you walked onForgetting you too
are handicapped Perhaps in a different
way

Like a snail you abandoned your shell

Can you soften your heart?

Questions

a).Who is the persona in the poem? (2mks)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

b) What is the poem about? (3mks)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

8
c) Illustrate any two stylistic devices used in the poem (4mks)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

d) What is the attitude of the persona towards the ‘you’ in the poem? (3mks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

e) Illustrate any character trait of the ‘you’ in the poem (2mks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

f) Mention the ills that the persona accuses the ‘you’ of doing (2mks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

g) “Can you soften you heart?” What does the persona mean by this? (2mks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

h) Explain the meaning of the following words as used in the poem (2mks)

indifferent …………………………………………………………………………………………..

anguish ……………………………………………………………………………………………..

9
 4. GRAMMAR (15 MARKS)

(a) Rewrite each of the following sentence according to the instruction given after each (3marks)
i) Noah was determined to pass his examinations. He dedicated a lot his time to studies.
(Join using so………..that)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
ii) Nyamita flew the plane over the pacific
(Rewrite in passive voice)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
iii) They did not have much money. They worked hard and kept their children in school.

(join using in spite of)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words in brackets (2mks)
i) William resigned from his position to ............................................... (peace) his agitated accusers
ii) He did not want to be bothered, so he was ........................................................... (interest) in their
discussion.

c) Replace the underlined words with appropriate phrasal verbs formed from the words given in
brackets (3mks)
iii) The student’s performance did not meet the expected standard (measure)

………………………………………………………………………………………..

iv) She was completely deceived by the man (take)

………………………………………………………………………………………….

v) I recall my primary school days with pleasure (look)

………………………………………………………………………………………….

10
d) Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with appropriate prepositions (3mks)
vi)The prisoners of war were deprived ............................ their freedom for seven years.
vii) ................................................. She was indebted them for the assistance they gave when she was
unwell.
viii) .......................................... “I forbid you going there again!” Obadiah’s mother said.

e) Fill in the spaces with the adjectives given in brackets in their correct order (2mks)
ix) The couple bought a ……………………………………….bed (new, wooden, huge)
x) It was a/an ..............................................................car ( sports , blue, expensive, German)

f) Explain two possible meanings of the sentence below (2mks)The

burglar robbed the woman with the knife

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

11
 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

312/3 GEOGRAPHY PAPER 1

FORM 3

2025- 2 ½ hours
Name …………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date………………………………………

Instructions to candidates

a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided.

b) Sign and write the date of the examination.
c) This paper consists of 4 printed pages.
d) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no printed pages and questions are missing.
e) All diagrams MUST be drawn in pencil
f) The paper comprises of 2 sections. A and B.
g) Attempt all questions in section A.
h) In section B, answer question 6 and choose any other two questions.

For examiners Use Only

QUESTIONS MAXIMUM CANDIDATE’S

SCORE SCORE
1-10 100
TOTAL SCORE

Page 1 of 4 CALL/TEXT 0724351706 FOR ANSWERS AND MORE PAPERS FOR ALL SUBJECTS
 SECTION A:
Answer all questions from this section.
1. (a) Describe the plate tectonic theory. (2 mks)
(b) Identify three results of the movement of plates along the boundaries. (3 mks)
2. (a) Define the term hydrological cycle. (2 mks)
(b) Describe two ways in which the atmosphere is heated. (4 mks)
3. (a) Define vegetation. (1 mk)
(b) Outline three conditions that influence the distribution of vegetation. (3 mks)
(c) Name two types of vegetation likely to be found beyond 60oN of the equator.
(2 mks)
4. Define an earthquake. (2 mks)
5. State the negative effects of faulting on the human environment. (6 mks)
SECTION B:
Answer question 6 and any other two questions from this section.
6. Study the map of Taita Hills (1:50,000) sheet 189/4 provided and answer the following questions .
(a)(i) What is the bearing of peak of Mwatunga hill in grid square 3214 from the water tank in grid square
2619 (2mks)
ii)What is the length in kilometres of the section of Mwatate-Voi railway line in the south eastern part of
the map (2mks)
b) Draw a rectangle measuring 16cm by 12 cm to represent the area enclosed by the Eastings 24 and 40cm
and Northings 20 and 30 (1mrk)
On the rectangle ,mark and name the following features
• Mgange hills (1mk)
• A rock outcrop (1mk)
• All weather road,bound service (1mk)
• River Ruhia (1mk)
• Ronge forest (1mk)
(a) (i)Describe the distribution of settlements in the area covered by the map (5mks)
(ii)Citing evidence from the map, give two economic activities carried out in the area covered by the
map other than sisal farming (5mks)
(d) (i) Name three types of natural vegetation in the area covered by the map(3mks)
(ii) What is the magnetic variation as of January 1991 (2mks)
7. (a) (i) Define mass wasting. (2 mks)

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 (ii) Explain how the following factors influence mass wasting. (8 mks)
i)Nature of materials
ii)Angle of slope
iii)Climatic factors
iv)Vegetation cover
(b) Using well labeled diagrams, describe rockfall as a process of mass wasting.(6 mks)
(c) Explain ways in which mass wasting influences the natural environment. (10 mks)
8. (a) State two differences between plutonic and volcanic rocks. (4 mks)
(b) (i) Explain how mechanically formed sedimentary rocks are formed. (5 mks)
(ii) Give three characteristics of intrusive igneous rocks. (3 mks)
(c) (i) Fill in the table below. (4 mks)

Original rock Metarmorphic rock

W Slate
Granite X
Coal Y
Z Marble

(ii) State the uses of rocks. (5 mks)

(d) You are planning to carry out field study on rocks within your school.
(i) State why you would need the following:- (3 mks)
Lenses –
Paper Bag –
Geological hammer –
(ii) Give three problems you might encounter during the field study. (3 mks)
9. (a) (i) Differentiate between river regime and river discharge. (2 mks)
(ii) Explain three factors that influence the rate of river erosion. (6 mks)
(b) Using a well labeled diagram, describe the formation of an arcuate delta.(5mks)
(c) Give three ways in which a river transports materials. (3 mks)
(d) You carried out field study on a river in its youthful stage.
(i) Explain how abrasion could have led to the formation of the features in this stage.(4mks)
(ii) Identify three features of erosion formed by the river in this stage. (3 mks)
(iii) Give two challenges you could have faced while carrying out the study.

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 (2 mks)
10. (a) (i) Distinguish between secondary vegetation and planted vegetation.(2 mks)
(ii) Explain how the following factors influence the distribution of vegetation.(4 mks)
- Precipitation
- Soil
(iii) State four ways in which vegetation is of significance to the physical and human
environment. (4 mks)
(b) Explain three factors that led to the decline of natural vegetation in Kenya.(6 mks)
(c) State three ways in which savanna type of vegetation is adapted to the climatic
conditions. (3 mks)
(e) Students from Anestar secondary school carried out field study across the slope.
(i) State the methods they are likely to have used to collect data. (6 mks)

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

312/3 GEOGRAPHY PAPER 2

FORM 3

2025- 2 ½ hours
Name …………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date………………………………………

Instructions to candidates

a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided.

b) Sign and write the date of the examination.
c) This paper consists of 4 printed pages.
d) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no printed pages and questions are
missing.
e) All diagrams MUST be drawn in pencil
f) The paper comprises of 2 sections. A and B.
g) Attempt all questions in section A.
h) In section B, answer question 6 and choose any other two questions.

For examiners Use Only

QUESTIONS MAXIMUM CANDIDATE’S

SCORE SCORE
1-10 100
TOTAL SCORE

This paper consists of 4 printed pages. Candidates should check the question paper to ensure that all
pages are printed as indicated and no questions are missing.

FOR ANSWERS AND MORE PAPERS TEXT OR CALL 0724351706

 Section A

Answer All questions in this section

1. a) Name two commodities that are exported from Kenya. (2 marks)

b) State two reasons where trade is important in Kenya. (3 marks)

2. a) Identify two international airports in Kenya. (2 marks)

b) Give three problems of road transport in Kenya. (3 marks)

3. State four reasons why majority of people in Kenya move to settle in urban areas. (4 marks)

4. a) The population of Kenya was approximated at 36,500,000 people in 1999 and at

41,575,000 people in the year 2009. Calculate the percentage increase in Kenya’s
population between 1999 and 2009. (2 marks)
b) State four problems associated with a rapidly increasing population. (4 marks)
5. a) Name two National Parks found in Kenya. (2 marks)

b) State any three problems facing wildlife in Kenya. (3 marks)

Section B
Answer question 6 and any other two questions from this section
6. a) The table below shows mineral production (in tonnes) in Kenya in the year 2000. Use it

to answer question a (i) and (ii)

Mineral Mineral production (in tonnes)

Soda ash 238,250
Limestone 126,850
Fluorspar 100,200
Salt 442,450
Other 52,050
Total 959,800

i) Using a radius of 4cm, draw a pie-chart to represent the above data. (7 marks)

ii) Name two other statistical methods that can also be sued to represent the above

given data. (2 marks)

iii) State three advantages of using a pie chart to represent data. (2 marks)

FOR ANSWERS AND MORE PAPERS TEXT OR CALL 0724351706

 b) i) Explain how the following factors have influenced the extraction of trona in
Lake Magadi, Kenya
i) Capital (2 marks)
ii) Method of mining (2 marks)
iii) Size of trona deposits (3 marks)
c) i) Apart from land dereliction, state four other effects of mining and quarrying

activities on the environment. (4 marks)

ii) Give four methods a derelict land can be made to become useful. (4 marks)

7. a) i) Distinguish between indigenous forests and exotic forests. (2 marks)

ii) Mention four indigenous hardwood varieties found in the Kenyan forests. (4 marks)

b) Explain how the following factors have helped in the conservation of forests in Kenya.

i) Legislation (Forest Act) (2 marks)

ii) Creation of forest reserves (2 marks)

iii) Setting up of Nyayo Tea Zones (2 marks)

c) Explain five reasons why forests are important in Kenya. (10 marks)

d) Name three forests found in Kenyan highlands. (3 marks)

8. a) List four major cash crops grown in Kenya. (4 marks)

b) Briefly explain how the following factors influence agriculture activities in Kenya.

i) Rainfall (2 marks)
ii) Soils (2 marks)
iii) Transport network (2 marks)
iv) Labour services (2 marks)
c) State four contributions of the agricultural sector in Kenya. (4 marks)

d) Form 3 Geography students from your school are planning to carry out a field study on
maize farming in your county.
i) State a suitable hypothesis for your study. (2 marks)

ii) Give three reasons why the students would be required to carry a map of the
county. (3 marks)
ii) State four methods, the students would use to collect data from the field.

(4 marks)
9. a) Give the definitions of the following terms
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 i) Forest (2 marks)

ii) Forestry (2 marks)

iii) Agroforestry (2 marks)

iv) Afforestation (2 marks)

v) Reafforestation (2 marks)

b) The world map below shows, the major types of forests in the world

i) Name the forests marked A, B and C. (3 marks)

ii) State four characteristics of the forest marked. (4 marks)

c) State four characteristics that influence the growth of forests on the slopes of Mt. Kenya.

(4 marks)

d) Outline four problems facing forestry in Kenya. (4 marks)

FOR ANSWERS AND MORE PAPERS TEXT OR CALL 0724351706

441/ 2
HOME SCIENCE
PAPER 2
CLOTHING AND TEXTILES
(PRACTICAL)
TIME: 2 ½ HOURS

CONFIDENTIAL

Each candidate should be provided with the following materials

1. Plain light weight cotton fabric 50cm long by 91cm wide
2. Sewing thread to match the fabric
 GOLDLITE PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE)

441/1 - HOMESCIENCE - PAPER 1

FORM 3
(Theory)
2025 – 2½ Hours

Name: ……………………………………………. ADM NO: ………………...

School: ……………………………………………………………………………

Stream: ………………Student’s Signature………..…….... Date: ………..

INSTRUCTIONS TO STUDENTS
a) Answer all the questions in Section A and B and any two in section C in the spaces provided
b) This paper consists of 9 printed pages.
c) Candidates should check the question paper to ensure that all the pages are printed as indicated and
no questions are missing.
d) Candidates should answer the questions in English

For examiners use only

Section Questions Maximum Candidates score
score
A 1- 18 40
B 19 20
C 20
20
TOTAL SCORE

FOR MS CALL THIS NUMBER/ 0724351706

 SECTION A (40 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided
1. State 2 points to consider before choosing a method of cooking food (2mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. State 3 reasons for cooking food (3mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Name 3 examples of synthetic fibres (3mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Mention 3 methods used to coat food before frying (3mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Name 2 measuring tools used in needlework (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Explain 2 reasons for pre heating an oven to the correct temperature before putting a mixture to bake. (2mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Name three symptoms of food poisoning (3mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. Name one biological and two chemical raising agents (3mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. Name 2 metalic lifting tools used in the kitchen (2mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10. Give 2 roles of TBAs (2mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
11. Name 3 types of stitches used for neatening edges (3mks)
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
12. Explain 3 roles of play in child development (3mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
13. Give two advantages of stewing meat (2mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
14. Explain the reason for ironing a silk scarf while still damp (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
15. State two properties of wool that should be considered when laundering woollen articles (2mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
16. Give two career opportunities for home science students (2mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
17. Name two methods of removing fixed dirt from terrazzo cement floor (2mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
18. Define the term basting as used in needle work (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
SECTION B (20 MARKS) COMPULSORY
19. You have been assigned by your aunt to assist in carrying out some household chores. Giving reasons explain
how you would
i) Clean an acrylic sweater (8mks)
ii) Wash a white cotton table cloth (12mks)

SECTION C
Answer any two questions from this section
20.
a) Explain 4 types of immunizations given to children before their first birthday (8mks)
b) Discuss 5 points to consider when buying labour saving cleaning equipments (10mks)
c) State two advantages of supplementary feeding (2mks)
21.
a) Draw and explain 3 care labels likely to be found on a woollen sweater (6mks)
b) Discuss 4 points to consider when laundering loose coloured articles (8mks)
c) Explain 3 points to observe when preparing and cooking green leafy vegetables (6mks)
22.
a) Give 3 causes of marasmus (3mks)
b) State 5 symptoms of marasmus (5mks)
c) Suggest 3 ways by which the disease can be managed (6mks)
d) Explain 3 causes of malnutrition in Kenya (6mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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 GOLDLITE PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE)

441/2 - HOMESCIENCE - PAPER 2

FORM 3
PRACTICAL
2025 – 2½ Hours

Name: ……………………………………………. ADM NO: ………………...

School: ……………………………………………………………………………

Stream: ………………Student’s Signature………..…….... Date: ………..

441/ 2
HOME SCIENCE
PAPER 2
CLOTHING AND TEXTILES
(PRACTICAL)
TIME: 2 ½ HOURS

This paper consists of 3 printed pages. Candidates should check to ensure that all pages are printed as indicated and no questions
are missing

GOLDLITE PUBLISHERS 0724351706

 A pattern of a child’s skirt is provided. You are advised to study the sketches, the questions and the
layout before you begin the test.

MATERIALS PROVIDED
1. A – FRONT YOKE
B – SKIRT FRONT
C – SKIRT BACK
D – POCKET
E – WAIST BAND
2. Plain light weight cotton fabric 50cm long by 91cm wide
3. Serving thread to match the fabric
THE TEST
Using the materials provided, cut out and make the right half of the skirt to show the following
a) Working of the dart at the back skirt
b) Preparation and attachment of the patch pocket
c) Joining the front yoke with the skirt front using an overlaid seam (do not neaten)
d) Joining the side seam using a neatened open seam
e) Preparation of the waist band
f) Attaching the waist band
g) Neatening the hem by edge stitching

GOLDLITE PUBLISHERS 0724351706

 NB: At the end of the examination, firmly sew to your work, on a single fabric a label bearing your name
Remove unwanted threads and pins on your work
Any pattern piece that has not been stitched should be attached to your work before handling it for
marking

GOLDLITE PUBLISHERS 0724351706

 GOLDLITE PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE)

441/1 - HOMESCIENCE - PAPER 3

FORM 3
PRACTICAL
2025 – 2½ Hours

Name: ……………………………………………. ADM NO: ………………...

School: ……………………………………………………………………………

Stream: ………………Student’s Signature………..…….... Date: ………..

441/3
HOME SCIENCE (FOODS AND NUTRITION)
Paper 3
Time: 1¾ Hours

Practical session: 1¼ hours

Planning test session: 30 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
a) Read the test carefully.
b) Write your name and index number on every sheet of paper used.
c) Textbooks and recipes may be used during the planning session as reference materials.
d) You will be expected to keep to your order of work during the practical session.
e) You are only allowed to take away your reference materials at the end of the planning session.
f) You are not allowed to bring additional notes to the practical session.
g) This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
Candidates should check to ensure that all pages are printed as indicated and no questions are
missing

GOLDLITE PUBLISHERS 0724351706

 THE TEST
You are staying with your step sister who has a two weeks old child. Using the ingredients listed below,
prepare, cook and present a one course meal and a nutritions drink for the two of you.

Ingredients
- Rice / green bananas/ potatoes
- Milk
- Fish/ liver
- Green leafy vegetables
- Fruits in season
- Onions
- Fat/ oil
- Salt
- Tomatoes
- Sugar

PLANNING SESSION – 30 MINUTES

- Use separate sheets of paper for each task listed below and carbon paper to make duplicates copies
a) Identify the food items and write down their recipes
b) Write down your order of work
c) Make a list of the foodstuffs, materials and equipment you will require
 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
311/2 HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT PAPER 2
FORM 3
2025- 2 ½ hours

Name …………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

School………………………………………………………………………….Date……………………………………

Instructions to candidates
1) Write your name, class and Admission number in the spaces provided above.
2) Sign and write the date of the examination.
3) Answer all the questions
4) All answers must be written in separate answer sheets
5) This paper consists three section A, B and C. Answer all questions in section A, three in section B
and two in section C.
6) This paper consists of 3 printed pages.
7) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no printed pages and questions are
missing.
FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

SECTION QUESTIONS SCORE

A 1- 15
B 16
17
18
19
C 20
21
22
TOTAL

This paper consists of 2 printed pages. Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that both pages are printed as indicated and that no questions
are missing.

CALL OR TEXT 0724351706 FOR MS AND MORE PAPERS 1

 SECTION A (25 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section

1. Name one evolutionary stage of early man before Australopithecus (1mk)

2. Give one invention which revolutionalised early man`s life during the middle stone. (2mks)

3. Name one ancient type of writing that developed in Egypt as a result of agriculture (1mk)

4 State two reasons for the emerge of early urban centers in Africa (2mks)

5. Give the main commodity of trade exported from West Africa during the trans-Saharan trade (1mk)

6. State two factors that led to the rise of Buganda kingdom in 19th centaury (2mks)

7. Give two reasons why the camel is referred to as the ship of the desert (2mks)
8. Give the main method of obtaining slaves during the triangular trade (1mk)
9. State two advantage of cell phone as the most used modern means of communication (2mks)
10. Give the main importance of the golden stool in the Asante kingdom Empire. (1mk)
11. State two methods used by Europeans powers to acquire colonies in Africa in the 19th century2mks
12. Name the founder of indirect system of administration as applied by the British during
Colonial rule (1mk)
13. Name two countries that were French spheres of influence in West Africa (2mks)
14. Name two countries in Africa where company rule was applied during the initial stages
Of colonialism 2mks
15. Give one developmental right of a child as contained in the UN Charter on human right (1mk)
16 . Give one reason why election are held in African countries (1mk)
17 . Mention two nationalist leaders who spearheaded the liberation of Ghana (2mks)
SECTION B 45MKS

Answer any three questions in this section

18 a) Give three characteristic of agriculture in Britain before the Agrarian Revolution (3kmks)

b) Explain six factors that favored Agrarian revolution (12mks)

19 a) State three roles of Tuaregs in the Trans-Saharan trade on the people of West Africa (3mks)

b) Describe six positive impact of Trans-Saharan trade on the people of West Africa (12mks)

20. State five factors which enabled Samori Toure to resist the French for a long period (5mks)

b) Explain five reasons why the mandinka were finally defeated by the French (10mks)

21 a) State five methods used in the liberation of South Africa from the minority colonial rule(5mks)

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 b) Explain five reasons why nationalism in South Africa was protected (10mks)

SECTION C 30MKS
Answer any two questions from this section
22 a) State five function of Lukiko in the Buganda kingdom (5mks)
b) Describe the political organization of the Shona during the Pre-colonial period (10mks)
23 a) Give three factors that determine the type of a constitution to be adopted by a state (3mks)
b) Explain six function of a constitution (12mks)
24 a) Mention three methods of exercising direct democracy (3mks)
b) Explain six principles of democracy (12mks)

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
311/1 HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT PAPER 1
FORM 3
2025- 2 ½ hours

Name …………………………………………………… Admission number ……………………

School………………………………………………………………………….Date……………………………………

Instructions to candidates
1) Write your name, class and Admission number in the spaces provided above.
2) Sign and write the date of the examination.
3) Answer all the questions
4) All answers must be written in the space provided in this booklet.
5) This paper consists three section A, B and C. Answer all questions in section A, three in section B
and two in section C.
6) This paper consists of 6 printed pages.
7) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no printed pages and questions are
missing.
FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

SECTION QUESTIONS SCORE

A 1- 15
B 16
17
18
19
C 20
21
22
TOTAL

This paper consists of 2 printed pages. Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that both pages are printed as indicated and that no questions
are missing.

FOR MARKING SCHEMES CALL OR TEXT 0724351706

 SECTION A (25 MARKS)
Answer All Questions in this Section.

1. Identify two ways used by archeologist in Kenya to locate archeological sites. (1mk)
2. Name two tribes of the Mijikenda. (2mks)
3 State two religious function of the Orkoiyot among the Nandi during the Pre-colonial period.(2mks)
4. Identify one natural factor that facilitated the coming of Arabs to the Kenyan coast. (1mks)
5 State one way in which freed slaves promoted the spread of Christianity. (1mk)
6. Identify the engineer who led the construction of Uganda railway. (1mk)
7. Outline two ways in which colonial land policies promoted settler farming. 2mks)
8 .Give two terms of the Devonshire white paper of 1923. (2mks)
9. State two characteristics of early political parties established in Kenya before 1939. (2mks)
10. Outline two roles played by women in the struggle for independence in Kenya. (2mks)
11. State one duty of the British Governor in Kenya during the colonial period . (1mk)
12 .State two ways in which the Kenyan constitution promote national unity. (2mks)
13 Name one settler farmer who introduced wheat farming in Kenya. (1mk)
14 Give two positive methods of resolving conflict in Kenya today. (2mks)
15 Identify two non military functions of the Kenya defence force. (2mks)

SECTION B 45MKS
Answer any three questions from this section

16 State three factor that led to the Migration of cushites speakers from their cradle land. (3mks)
b) Describe the effects of long distance trade in Kenya during the 19th century. (12mks)
17 Give three reasons why the British used direct rule in administering most parts of Kenya. (3mks)
b) Why did the Imperial British East Africa company come to an end in 1896. (12mks)
18 What were the reasons for construction the Kenya Uganda railway. (3mks)
b) Explain six effects of construction of the Uganda railway . (12mks)1
19 Give five reason for the emergence of African Independence school and churches. (5mks)
b) Explain five challenges that faced independent schools during the colonial period. (10mks)
SECTION C 30MKS
Answer any two questions from this section

20a) Outline five values of a good citizenship in Kenya. (5mks)

b) Describe five ways in which the Bill of Right of an individual in Kenya. (10mks)

21a) Identify five symbols of national unity. (5mks)

b) Discuss the steps that have been taken by the Kenyan government to promote National integration
` (10mks)

22a) Give five reasons why parliament election are held regularly in Kenya. (5mks)

b) Explain five factors that may interfere with free and fair elections.

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102/1 - KISWAHILI - Karatasi ya 1

(Insha)
KIDATO CHA TATU
2025 – Saa 1 Dakika 45

Jina: ………………………………………….………………Nambari: …………………...

Shule: ………………………………………………………………………………………….

Mkondo: ……………… Sahihi ya Mtahiniwa: ………..……..Tarehe: ……………………..

Maagizo

a) Andika insha mbili. Insha ya kwanza ni ya lazima.

b) Kisha chagua insha nyingine moja kati ya hizo tatu zilizobakia.
c) Kila insha isipungue maneno 400.
d) Kila insha ni alama 20.
e) Kila insha lazima iandikwe kwa lugha ya Kiswahili.
f) Karatasi hii ina kurasa 2 zilizopigwa chapa.
g) Watahiniwa ni lazima wahakikishe kwamba kurasa zote za karatasi hii zimepigwa chapa sawasawa
na kuwa maswali yote yamo.
______________________________________________________

Kwa Matumizi ya Mtahini Pekee

Swali Upeo Alama

1 20

20

Jumla 40
1. Swali la kwanza

Wewe kama mwanahabari, umemtembelea Mkuu wa idara ya Trafiki nchini kujadili namna za

kupunguza ajali barabarini. Andika Doyolojia hiyo. (alama 20)

2. Jadili njia za kukabiliana na matatizo yanayokumba wanafunzi shuleni. (alama 20)

3. Andika kisa kinachoafiki methali ifuatayo;

Jino la pembeni halisitiri pengo. (alama 20)

4. Andika kisa kinachomalizika kwa:

Nilipoangalia jivu la nyumba yanga niligundua kuwa juhudi zangu za miaka mingi zilikuwa

zimeungua zote. (alama 20)

 GOLDLITE PUBLISHERS
Cheti cha Kuhitimu Kisomo cha Sekondari (KCSE)
102/2 - KISWAHILI - Karatasi ya 2
(Lugha)
KIDATO CHA TATU
2025 – Saa 2 Dakika 30 -

Jina: ………………………………………….………… Nambari: ………………

Shule: ………………………………………………………………………………

Mkondo: ……………… Sahihi ya Mtahiniwa: ………..…….. Tarehe: …………

Maagizo
a) Andika jina lako na nambari yako ya mtihani katika nafasi ulizoachiwa hapo juu.
b) Andika mkondo wa kidato chako ,tarehe kisha utie sahihi yako katika nafasi ulizoachiwa hapo juu.
c) Jibu maswali yote.
d) Majibu yote lazima yaandikwe kwa lugha ya Kiswahili.
e) Majibu yote sharti yaandikwe kwenye nafasi ulizoachiwa katika kijitabu hiki cha maswali.
f) Usitoe ukurasa wowote katika kijitabu hiki,
g) Karatasi hii ina kurasa 10 zilizopigwa chapa.
h) Watahiniwa lazima wahakikishe kwamba kurasa zote za karatasi hii zimepigwa chapa sawasawa na
kuwa maswali yote yamo.

Kwa Matumizi ya Mtahini Pekee

Swali Upeo Alama

1 15

2 15

3 40

4 10

Jumla 80

1 kwa majibu na mitihani nyingi kama hii piga simu kwa nambari hii 0724351706
 1. UFAHAMU: (Alama 15)
Soma kifungu kifuatacho kisha ujibu maswali.
Misitu ya nchi ni mingi sana hata wakati mwingine tunadanganyika kuwa haitakwisha kamwe.
Tunaamini kwamba tunaweza kuendelea kuitumia miti yake na kuikata kwa ajili ya kupata mashamba
na malisho ya wanyama wetu bila kujishughulisha kupanda au kuhifadhi mingine kwa ajili ya siku za
mbele. Fikiria tulivyo na mawazo potofu. Fikira mbaya kama hizo wanazo watu wengi nchini mwetu.
Kwa hiyo imenilazimu kuwaonesheni kuwa misitu ni lazima ilindwe na haitalindwa kwa manufaa ya
kizazi chetu cha sasa tu, bali pia kwa ajili ya vizazi vyetu vijavyo.
Basi mjue kuwa kama misitu yote itakatwa patakuwa na upungufu mkumbwa wa mbao na pia
upungufu wa maji ambao ni mbaya zaidi. Ubaya kama huu hautakiwi utokee katika Taifa letu
linalosonga mbele. Hatuwezi kuruhusu uharibifu wa misitu yetu uendelee kufanyika kwa sababu
unarudisha nyuma hali ya maisha yetu na unazuia ustawi nchi yetu. Hebu fikiria kwanza maisha yetu
yatakuwaje iwapo miti itakosekana – taabu ya kupika, gharama ya kujenga kwa chuma, mawe au
udongo ulaya badala ya miti. Gharama ya viti, vitanda na meza ikiwa vitatengenezwa kwa chuma tu.
Halafu fikiria kama maji yote yakikauka ninyi nyote mwajua shida zitakazotokea, kwa hiyo hatutaki
kabisa shida kutokea.
Kwa nini tuwe na shida ya kukosa maji katika sehemu ambazo zina maji ya kutosha? Basi
inatupasa kuona kwamba kuna ulazima wa kuhifadhi misitu kwa ajili ya matumizi ya leo na kesho.
Bila shaka sasa utajiuliza mwenyew. Je, siwezi kukata kabisa misitu ili niweze kulima? Jibu ni
kwamba unaweza kabisa, lakini ni katika sehemu zile ambazo hazikuhifadhiwa. Tena ifahamike
kwamba sehemu ambazo zimehifadhiwa ni chache sana ukilinganisha na mapori makubwa yaliyobaki
wazi kwa ajili ya kilimo.
Sasa nataka kusisitiza hasa juu ya misitu iliyohifadhiwa. Hizi ndizo sehemu za misitu ambazo ni
za lazima sana, na inatakiwa zihifadhiwe daima kwa matumizi ya faida ya Taifa. Misitu iliyohifadhiwa
ni misitu inayotazamiwa kudumu daima nchini. Inatunzwa ili itumiwe kwa utaratibu ulio bora kwa
kizazi hata kizazi. Kwa wakati ujao misitu hiyo itatoa mbao za kujenga nyumba, shule, hospitali na
majengo mengine, pia kutengeneza viti, meza, makabati, milango. madirisha na masanduku. Hata sasa,
mbao nyingi zitumikazo hutokana na miti iliyoota katika misitu ilyiohifadhiwa. Lakini kwa sababu ardhi
yenye misitu ya hiyo inahitajiwa sana kwa kilimo, itatubidi kuanza kuotesha misitu mipya kwa ajili ya
mahitaji yetu. Basi ni lazima niwakubushe wananhi kuwa miti iliyomo katika misitu iliyohifadhiwa
haitatosha kufanyia kazi zetu zote ili kuinua maisha ya watu na kuinua uchumi wan chi. Misitu
iliyohifadhiwa lazima iongezwe kwa kupanda miti mingine, kwa mfano hivi sasa Idara ya misitu

2 kwa majibu na mitihani nyingi kama hii piga simu kwa nambari hii 0724351706
 inapanda miti kati ya elfu nne na tano kila mwaka na pia inaangalia miti ya asili katika sehemu kubwa
kabisa ya nchi hii.
MASWALI
(a) Ni kwa nini mwandishi anasema kuwa watu wana mawazo potofu. (alama 2)
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(b) Eleza umuhimu wa kulinda misitu. (alama 2)
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(c) Fafanua athari ambazo zaweza kutokea ikiwa misitu yote itakatwa. (alama 4)
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(d) Kwa nini si vizuri kuruhusa uharibifu wa misitu uendelee kufanyika nchini. (alama 2)
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(e) Mwandishi anashauri misitu ikatwe katika sehemu gani (alama 2)
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(f) Kwa nini inawabidi kuanza kuotesha misitu mipya (alama 1)
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(g) Eleza maana za msamati ufuatao kulingana na tarifa. (alama 2)
(i) kamwe -
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(ii) Mapori
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3 kwa majibu na mitihani nyingi kama hii piga simu kwa nambari hii 0724351706
 2. UFUPISHO (ALAMA 15)
Soma kifungu kifuatacho kisha ujibu maswali.
Kwa neno zima ,uzalendo ni mapenzi ya nchi. Mapenzi haya hayafanyiki kwa njia za kubuniwa na watu
lakini amekwishatangulia kuwa katika mioyo yetu. Uzalendo ni tabia ya maumbile, nasi tunayo toka
wakati wa kuzaliwa. Tunafikiri habari za nchi yetu kama tufikiriavyo habari za baba na mama zetu: kwa
hivyo kila mtu anajali sana mahali alipozaliwa.

Baadhi ya watu hawakubali nao wako tayari siku zote kupinga pishi ya hoja zako kwa ukufi wa hoja
zao. Wao hufikiri kwamba uzalendo ni maono ya ushupavu na dalili ya uchache wa ustaarabu wa moyo.
kwao uzalendo ni imani ya kishenzi kwa sababu hutenga kando nchi nyingine.

Wanadai kwamba mtu ni lazima apende ulimwengu mzima na watu wa ulimwengu hufanya kila mtu
kuwa raia wa dunia si wa mahali pake padogo pajulikanapo kama nchi yake. Lazima niseme kweli
kwamba wazo la udugu wa ulimwengu ni bora kwa makisio lakini kwa matumizi haliwezekani. Bora
katika watu ni Yule apendaye nchi yake kwanza. Kuna mashaka makumbwa kama mtu anaweza
kuamini katika mapenzi ya udugu wa ulimwengu bila kupende nchi yake ikiwa hivyo, uzalendo
huthibitisha ubora wa kupenda sehemu ya ulimwengu ambayo ndani yake tumezaliwa.

Mapenzii ya mtu kwa nchi yake hayaoneshi chuki ya nchi nyingine za ulimwengu. Uzalendo wa
uwongo ndio utufanyao kuchukia nchi nyingine. Aidha, lazima tupende nchi zetu kwa sababu ya nchi
zenyewe. Pasiwe na kusudi baya au la choyo nyuma yake. Kuna uzalendo wa uwongo vilevile ambao ni
hila tufanyayo kwa makusudi yetu wenyewe ya choyo kwa sababu ya nia mbaya za kujitajirisha.
Uzalendo wa kweli hutokana na mapanzi yasiyo na choyo ya nchi zetu na heshima yetu ya historia na
malezi. Uzalendo usitufanye kujiona kwamba sis ni watu azizi ulimwenguni na makabila mengine yote
si kitu.

Mapenzi ya nchi huonekana kama maono bora lakini hayana maana kama hayachukuani na matendo.
Uzalendo wa matendo tu ndio wenye thamani nchini iwapo katika hatari ya shambulio la adui. Mapenzi
ya mtu kwa nchi yasiyo ya matendo yanaweza kuwa mema katika nyakati za amani, lakini katika
nyakati za vita uzalendo huthibitisha unyofu wake katika kitali. Uzalendo hutaka sadaka za maisha,
jamaa, mali na kila kitu cha mtu. Watu wanaotoa sadaka za maisha yao kwa sababu ya nchi zao ni
mashahidi.

4 kwa majibu na mitihani nyingi kama hii piga simu kwa nambari hii 0724351706
 MASWALI
(a) Fupisha ujumbe wa aya- tatu za mwanzo kwa maneno 55-60 (ala 7, 1 ya mtiririko)
Matayarisho
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Nakala safi:
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5 kwa majibu na mitihani nyingi kama hii piga simu kwa nambari hii 0724351706
 (b) Kwa kutumia maneno 80-85, banisha masuala ambayo mwandishi anaibua katika aya mbili za
mwisho. (ala 8, 1 ya mtiririko)
Matayarisho:
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Nakala safi:
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6 kwa majibu na mitihani nyingi kama hii piga simu kwa nambari hii 0724351706
 3. MATUMIZI YA LUGHA: (ALAMA 40)
(a) (i) Eleza tofauti baina ya sauti hizi / v/ na /th/ (alama 2)
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(b) (i)I Weka shadda katika neno, ‘amka’ (alama 1)
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(ii) Je, silabi iliyowekewa shaadda katika neno ‘amka’ ni silabi ya aina gani. (alama 2)
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(c) Bainisha mofimu katika neno: hakufika (alama 2)
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(d) Andika sentensi ifuatayo upya ukibadilisha neno lililopigiwa mstari kuwa kielezi. (alama 2)
Mariga alidhihirisha ushujaa katika mcheso wa juzi.
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(e) Aninisha vihusishi katika sentensi hizi (alama 2)
(i) Mtahiniwa huyu ni mwerevu sana kuliko wenzake wote.
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(ii) Tangu alipoteuliwa kiranja amekuwa na pozi nyingi.
(f) Tunga sentensi tatu kuonyesha matumizi matatu tofauti ya kiambishi ‘ki’ (alama 3)
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 (g) Andika upya sentensi uliyopewa kwa kuzingatia maagizo. (alama 2)
Pombe haramu inawafisha wakenya wengi. (Badilisha kitenzi kiwe nomino)
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(h) Anisha virai viliyopigiwa mstari (alama 2)
Huyu wetu aliongoza vizuri ajabu
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(i) Changaua sentensi hii kwa njia ya matawi (alama 4)
Wanafunzi ambao walijianda vilivyo walifuzu mtihani vilivyo.
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(j) Kanusha sentensi hii (alama 2)
Wewe ulikuja kwetu tulipokuwa tukisherehekea harusi ya dada yangu.
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(k) Andika katika usemi halisi: (alama 2)
Masamba aliwasihi wanafunzi wenzake wamchague ili aweze kuwa rais wa baraza la wanafunzi
mwaka huo.
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(l) Eleza matumizi mawili ya kila kiakifishi kwa kutoa mfano (alama 4)

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 (i) Nukta mbili
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(ii) Parandesi
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(m) Ainisha vitenzi katika sentensi hii (alama 2)
Mkulima huyu amekuwa akilima tangu asubuhi
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(n) Andika maana tatu za kitenzi panda (alama 3)
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(o) Tumia kiwakilishi cha ‘a’ unganifu na ngeli ya 1-1 katika sentensi kuonyesha
(i) Umilikaji (alama 2)
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(ii) Nafasi katika orodha (alama 2)
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 4. ISMUJAMII (ALA 10)
Lugha ya Kiswahili nchini Kenya inaendelea kukua na kupiga hatua kubwa. Fafanunua njia zozote tano
ambazo hutumiwa katika ujenzi na upanuzi wa msamiati katika lugha hii. (alama 10)
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 TATHMINI YA GOLDLITE
Cheti cha Kuhitimu Kisomo cha Sekondari (KCSE)

102/3 - KISWAHILI - Karatasi ya 3

(Fasihi)
KIDATO CHA TATU
2025 – Saa 2½

Jina: ………………………………………….…….…… Nambari: ………………………...

Shule: …………………………………………………………………………………….......

Mkondo: …………… Sahihi ya Mtahiniwa: ………..……….... Tarehe: ………………

Maagizo
a) Andika jina lako, nambari ya usajili, mkondo, sahihi na tarehe katika nafasi ulizoachiwa hapo juu.
b) Jibu maswali manne pekee.
c) Swali la kwanza ni la lazima.
d) Maswali hayo mengine matatu yachaguliwe kutoka sehemu nne zilizobaki Riwaya, Tamthilia, Hadithi
Fupi na Ushairi.
e) Usijibu maswali mawili kutoka sehemu moja.
f) Karatasi hii ina kurasa 3 zilizopigwa chapa.
g) Watahiniwa ni lazima wahakikishe kwamba kurasa zote za karatasi hii zimepigwa chapa sawasawa
na kuwa maswali yote yamo.
h) Maswali yote ni sharti yaandikwe kwa lugha ya Kiswahili.

KWA MATUMIZI YA MTAHINI PEKEE

SWALI UPEO ALAMA

1 20

20

20

20

JUMLA 80

1 kwa majibu na mitihani nyingi kama hii piga simu kwa nambari hii 0724351706
 SEHEMU A: RIWAYA
Clara Momanyi: Nguu za Jadi
1. "Anataka kubakia uongozini ili azidi kuwanyanyasa na kuwapokonya haki zenu."
a) Weka dondoo hili katika muktadha wake. (alama 4)
b) Eleza sifa nne za msemaji. (alama 4)
c) Eleza umuhimu wa mrejelewa katika kujenga ploti ya riwayahii. (alama4)
d) Jadili mbinu nane alizotumia mrejelewa kuendelea kubaki mamlakani. ( alama 8)

SEHEMU B: TAMTHILIA
Timothy M. Arege: Bembea ya Maisha
Jibu swali la 2 au la 3

2. 'Mwanangu binadamu mchoyo kwa lake lakini mkarimu ajabu kwa la mwenziwe. Atakukirimu kwa la
mwenziwe na atakupa nyongeza usiyohitaji lakini atalizika katika giza kina cha moyo wake. Ndiyo hulka
yake hiyo mwana wa Adamu. '
a) Eleza muktadha wa dondoo hili. (alama4)
b) Jadili sifa za msemaji wa maneno haya. (alama6)
c) (c) Fafanua umuhimu wa mazungumzo kati ya msemaji na msemewa katika kujenga tamthilia ya
Bembea ya Maisha. (alama10)
3. Mwandishi wa tamthilia hii ametumia mbinu zifuatazo za kifasihi kwa kuendeleza tamthilia yake. (alama
20)
a) Jazanda
b) Methali
SEHEMU C: HADITHI FUPI
DW Lutomia na Phibian Muthama (waharriri): Mapambazuko ya machweo na hadithi nyingine
Jibu swali la 4 au la 5

4. Fafanua dhana ya Ajira katika hadithi ya Mapambazuko ya Machweo (alama 20)

5. “mwanangu, nizike duniani unifunike…”

a) Fafanua muktadha wa maneno haya. (al.4)
b) Taja na utolee mfano mbinu moja ya kimtindo inayojitokeza katika dondoo hili (al.2)
c) Ukirejelea hadithi ya" Mzimu wa Kipwerere," Fafanua jinsi imani katika mambo ya kichawi
yamejikita katika jamii. (al. 14)
SEHEMU D: USHAIRI
Jibu swali la 6 au la 7.
6. Soma shairi lifuatalo kisha ujibu maswali yafwatayo.

Natunga nikiwasaa,msije kujijutia,

Mitego sije wanasa,mkaja kuangamia,
2 kwa majibu na mitihani nyingi kama hii piga simu kwa nambari hii 0724351706
Tamaa nyingi za pesa,geresa zitawatia,
Kila mpenda rushuwa,jela inamkonyeza.

Jela ina kukonyeza,kama hutajizuia,

Haina ndugu gereza,jela si kuchezea.
Inajuvya na kupoza,wenye nguvu kutulia,
Kila mpenda rushuwa,jela inamkonyeza.

Rushuwa si kitu chema,walaji jihadharini,

Mkila zitawakwama,zitawatoka puwani,
Wazilao hulalama,si mimi ila fulani,
Kila mpenda rushuwa,jela ina mkonyeza.

Ridhika na upatacho,kama moja au mbili,

Usitaraji mkocho,apatao Bwana Ali,
Tama zako za macho,zitakuletea mbuli,
Kila mpenda rushuwa,jela inamkonyeza.

Nimeona kemu kemu,wenye vyeo kutimia,

Maleba wakiwahimu,rushwa kuwaletea,
Muogope Karimu,Baba haombwi rushwa,
Kila mpenda rushuwa,jela inamkonyeza.

Kuna wengi mahakimu ,haki wanazopinduwa,

Yatima kuwadhulumu, kwa kupapia rushuwa,
Kwa kutaka darahimu,aso haki anapewa,
Kila mpenda rushuwa,jela inamkonyeza.
Maswali
(a) Andika anwani mwafaka kwa utungo huu. (alama 1)
(b) Taja athari tatu za rushwa kama zilivyoelezwa katika shairi. (alama 3)
(c) Ni nini msimamo wa mwandishi kuhusu rushwa. (alama 2)
(d) Andika ubeti wa pili kwa lugha nathari. (alama 4)
e) Eleza sifa nne zinazotambulisha utungo huu kuwa ni shairi. (alama 4)

3 kwa majibu na mitihani nyingi kama hii piga simu kwa nambari hii 0724351706
 f) Ukitoa mifano,onyesha namna uhuru wa mshairi unatanda katika shairi hili. (alama 3)
g) Eleza msamiati ufuatao kama ulivyotumika katika shairi hili. (alama 3 )
i) Kupapia
ii) Nikiwaasa
iii) Inamkonyeza.
7. Soma shairi lifuatalo kisha ujibu maswali yafwatayo.
Mpende akupendae.
Ela fanya muawana,upate kunisikiza,
Nikupe yenye maana,kuhusu huba aziza,
Mapenzi dawa hayana,bali kujipendekeza,
Zinduna ninakujuza, mpende akupendae.

Ingawa dini yanena, kizidi yatuhimiza.

Si vyema kununiana, kwa kila mtu pendeza.
Ela kwenye kuowana, yakapasa kuchunguza.
Zinduna ninakujuza, mpende akupendae.

Ndugu mtafute mwana, nafusiyo kupendeza

Ambae mkikutana, machoye yanakonyeza
Zaidi kikiri hana, umuombapo kucheza.
Zinduna inakujuza, mpende akupendae.

Jengine muhimu sana, yataka kupeleleza.

Tabia iwe mwanana, mwingi wa kupembeleza.
Njiani kifuatana, waja wafanye kengeza.
Zinduna ninakujuza, mpende akupendae.

Nyumbani akwite bwana, pamwe na kukutukuza.

Na majaliwapo wana, awe ndie wa kutunza.
Wagenio kiwaona isiwe awafukuza
zinduna ninakijuza, mpende akupendae

Isiwe wasumbuana, kwa ambae ajiwaza.

Yeye kijiona sana, mwambie kwenda aweza.
Watele walofanana, ambao hawataiza.
4 kwa majibu na mitihani nyingi kama hii piga simu kwa nambari hii 0724351706
Zinduna ninakujuza, mpende akupendae.

Mwishowe ukipatana, nae wakuliwaza.

Acha kubimbirishana, ukware kuupunguza.
Mpate kutulizana, mapenzi kuendeleza.
Zinduna ninakujuza, mpende akupendae,
Maswali
(a) Taja na ueleze bahari mbili za shairi hili. (alama 4)
(b) Ainisha na ueleze umuhimu wa aina mbili za uhuru wa kishairi uliotumiwa katika ubeti wa tano.
(alama 4)
(c) Fafanua ujumbe uliomo katika shairi hili. (alama 6)
(d) Eleza umbo la shairi hili (alama 4)
(e) Eleza maana ya maneno haya kama yalivyotumiwa katika shairi hili. (alama 2)
(i) Mwanana
(ii) Pamwe
SEHEMU E: FASIHI SIMULIZI

8. Soma kifungu kifuatacho kisha ujibu maswali.

(a) A: Kumbe mambo yenyewe rahisi hivi?

B: Rahisi, lakini usije ukabakwa tena
A: Hapana, safari hii itakuwa zamu yako. (Alimrudishia … huku akichekacheka)
C: Hapajaharibika mambo mama’ngu. Kwani la ajabu lipi? Sasa miye namsubiri Bakari mpya tu,
hichi kikongwe nikipe talaka.(Akitabasamu)
D: Haachwi mtu hapa. Tutabanana humo humo. Yeye atakuwa mke mdogo na mimi mkubwa.
(i) Bainisha kipera cha utungo huu. (alama 1)
(ii) Toa sababu mbili kuthibitisha jibu lako la (i) hapo juu. (alama 2)
(iii) Eleza manufaa saba ambayo jamii hunufaika nayo kwa kushiriki katika kipera hiki. (alama 7)
(b) Soma kifungu ufuatao kisha ujibu maswali.

Siwezi kuhutubu. Mimi sikuwafundisha ubaguzi. Kwa nini mnabaguana? Kwa nini hamukuwapa
watu wa matabaka yote nafasi ya kuzungumza? Kwa nini? Kwa nini mnafanya hali hii ya kuwa kuna
watu na nusu watu? Nataka wazungumze wale ambao hawata sifu tu.
(i) Bainisha kipera cha utungo huu. (alama 2)
(ii) Eleza mitindo mitatu katika kifungu hiki. (alama 3)
(iii) Eleza majukumu matano ya kipera hiki katika jamii. (alama 5)

5 kwa majibu na mitihani nyingi kama hii piga simu kwa nambari hii 0724351706
 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
121/1 MATHEMATICS PAPER 1
FORM 3
Apr. 2025- 2 ½ hours

Name …………………………………………………… Admission no………………………………….

Student's Signature…………………………………Date………………

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
1) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above
2) This paper contains two sections; Section I and section II.
3) Answer all the questions in section I and only five questions from section II.
4) All workings and answers must be written on the question paper in the spaces provided below each
question.
5) Marks may be given for correct working even if the answer is wrong.
6) Calculators and KNEC mathematical tables may be used EXCEPT were stated otherwise
7) Show all the steps in your calculations, giving your answers at each stage in the spaces below each
question

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY;

Section I

Questions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 TOTAL
Marks

Section II
Questions 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TOTAL GRAND
TOTAL
Marks

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1. Without using mathematical tables or calculators, evaluate the following leaving your answer as a
fraction in its simplest form. (3mks)

0.119  0.256
3
0.068  7

2. Two boys and a girl shared some money .The elder boy got 4
9 of it, the younger boy got 2
5 of the
reminder and the girl got the rest. Find the percentage share of the younger boy to the girl’s share.
(4mks)

3. From a point A, the angle of elevation of top of a watch tower is 200.From another point which is
25m from the base of the tower, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower is 260.Giving your
answer to three decimal places, determine the height of the tower and hence calculate the distance
between the points A and B if they are both on the same side of the tower and lie on a straight
line with the base of the tower. (3mks)

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 2
4. If X is a positive integer, find all possible values of x given that 1< x 2 <7. (3mks)
5

5. A train whose length is 60 metres is travelling at 40km/h in the same direction as a bus whose
length is 20m.If the speed of bus is 80km/h and moving parallel to the train, calculate the time it
takes the truck to overtake the train completely in seconds. (3mks)

6. A positive two digit number is such that the product of the digits is 20.When the digits are
reversed , the number so formed is greater than the original number by 9.Find the number.

7. The diagram below shows a circle with centre P(5,5) and radius 5 units
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 (a) Write down in terms of x and y the equation of the circle in the form ax2+by2+cx+dy+e=0
where a,b,c,d and e are constants. (1mk)

(b) Determine the gradient of PQ (1mk)

(c) Find the equation of the tangent at Q in the form ax+by=c. (2mks)

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8. Find the value of x in the following figure given that area A =Area B=Area C(Give your answer
to 2 decimal places) (4mks)

9.Odhis car Hire company hires out as follows; sh. 2500 per day and sh. 270 per kilometer covered. They
offer a discount of 30km free each day of hire.Makori hires a car for 5 days and drives for
480km.Calculate the total cost. (2mks)

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10.Omwando borrows sh. 90,000 for 5 years at 6 ½ % simple interest p.a.What amount does he have to
pay at the end of that time? (3mks)

11.Solve for t in the equation

9t+1 +32t=30. (3mks)

12.Given the curve y= x2-2x+6, find the coordinates of the point on the curve at which the gradient is 4.
(2mks)

13.Mary has some money in two denominations only. Fifty shilling notes and twenty shilling coins. She
has three times as many fifty shilling notes as twenty shilling coins. If altogether she has sh. 3400,
find the number of fifty shilling notes and 20 shilling coins.

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14.In Ngamongo village, a piece of work can be completed by 45 workers in 10 days .They worked for 4
days after which 15 workers were laid off. How many days would it take the remaining workers to
complete the work? (3mks)

15. The table below shows marks obtained by a form three class in a certain school.

Marks (x) 8 X 9 9  X  11 11  X  13 13  X  16 16  X  20 20  X  21
No. of students (y) 2 6 8 3 2 1
Use the table to represent the information on a histogram. (3mks)

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 2 1
16. Find the inverse of the matrix   and hence solve the simultaneous equations below. (4mks)
 3 2
2x+y=21
3x+2y=34

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 SECTION II (50 MARKS)
ANSWER ANY FIVE QUESTIONS.
17. A bag contains 5 red , 4 white and 3 blue beads. Two beads are selected at random.
(a) Draw a tree diagram and list the probability space. (3mks)

(b) Find the probability that

(i) The last bead selected is red. (2mks)

(ii) The beads selected were of the same colour (2mks)

(iii) At least one of the selected beads is blue. (3mks)

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18. In the figure below,O is the centre of the circle.PQR is a tangent to the circle at Q. Angle
PQS=280,angle UTQ=540 and UT =TQ.

Giving reasons , determine the size of

(a) Angle STQ. (2mks)

(b) Angle TQU. (2mks)

(c) Angle TQS (2mks)

(d) Reflex angle UOQ . (2mks)

(e) Angle TQR. (2mks)

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 2
19.The following figure represent a dancing floor with a carpeted margin all around of x wide
5
leaving a dancing space of (x-3)m by (x+3)m

If the total area of the entire room is 315m2

(a) Calculate the value of x. (5mks)

(b) Calculate the area of the carpeted margin. (3mks)

(c) If the carpet cost sh. 750 per m2,calculate the total cost of the sealed margin. (2mks)

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20. John bought 3 brands of tea, A B and C. The cost price of the three brands were sh 25, sh 30, sh 45
per kg respectively. He mixed the three brands in the ratio 5:2:1 respectively: After selling the mixture he
made a profit of 20%.
(a) How much profit did he make per kilogram of the mixture? (4 mks)

(b) After one year the cost price of each brand was increased by 10%
(i) For how much did he sell one kilogram of the mixture to make a profit of 15%? (Give your
answer to the nearest 5 cents) (3 mks)

(ii) What would have been his percentage profit if he sold one kilogram of the mixture at sh. 45.
(3 mks)

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21. A car accelerates from rest for 10 seconds until it reaches a velocity of 12 metres per second.It
then continues at this velocity for the next 40 seconds after which it brakes and comes to rest until a
constant retardation of 1.5 meres per second
(a) Determine
(i) The acceleration over the first 10 seconds (2mks)

(ii) The time taken during the retardation (2mks)

(b) Draw the velocity time graph for the journey and use it to determine.
(i) The total distance covered by the car (4mks)

(ii) The percentage of the total distance which was covered during the first 15 seconds.
(2mks)

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22. The diagram below shows a flower vase of depth 18cm.The ratio of the top and bottom diameters
is 5:2 (Take  =3.142)

Calculate
(a) The volume of the flower vase (7mks)

(b) The curved surface area of the flower vase (3mks)

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23. Given that x-y=3 and 3x+y=17, find without solving for X and Y the value of
(a) 2xy-x2-y2 (2mks)

(b) 6xy+y2+9x2 (2mks)

(c) 3x2-2xy+y2 (3mks)

3x 2 − 4 xy + y 2
(d) (3mks)
9x 2 − y 2

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24. Three Kenyan warships A,B and C are at sea such that ship B is 450km on a bearing of 0300 from
ship A. ship C is 700km from ship B on a bearing of 1200.An enemy ship D is sighted 1000km
due south of ship B.
(a) Taking a scale of 1cm to represent 100km locate the position of the ships A,B,C and D
(4mks)

(b) Find the compass bearing of :

(i) Ship A from ship D (1mk)

(ii) Ship D from ship C (1mk)

(c) Use the scale drawing to determine

(i) The distance of D from A (1mk)

(ii) The distance of C from D (1mk)

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 (d) Find the bearing of :
(i) B from C (1mk)

(ii) A from C (1mk)

END

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
121/2 MATHEMATICS PAPER 2
Apr. 2025- 2 ½ hours

Name …………………………………………………… Admission no………………………………….

Student's Signature…………………………………Date………………

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

1) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided above

2) This paper contains two sections; Section I and section II.

3) Answer all the questions in section I and only five questions from section II.

4) All workings and answers must be written on the question paper in the spaces provided below each question.

5) Marks may be given for correct working even if the answer is wrong.

6) Calculators and KNEC mathematical tables may be used EXCEPT where stated otherwise

7) Show all the steps in your calculations, giving your answers at each stage in the spaces below each question

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY;

Section I

Questions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 TOTAL

Marks

Section II
GRAND

TOTAL
Questions 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TOTAL

Marks

1. Evaluate without using tables or calculators. (3mks)

√
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 0.8064 X 6.048
1.008 X 0.1344

2. Evaluate -4 of [(-4 + -5 ÷15) + -3 - 4 ÷ 6)] (2mks)

84 ÷ -7 + 3 - - 5

3. Solve for θ without using table given that 0 ≤ θ ≤ 90oand that sin ( 2θ - 30o) – cos 4θ =0 (3mks)

4. Solve for x given that 5 2x+ 2 – 20 X 5 2x = 625 (3mks)

5. The angle of a quadrilateral ABCD in order are 2 (x -10), 4 (x + 5), 5(x+4) and (x-20) in degrees.
Find the exterior angles of the quadrilateral. (4mks)

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6. A radio costing kshs. 1240 is marked to sell at a price calculated to give a profit of 40 %. What
will be its selling price in sale when 25% is taken off the marked price? (3mks)

7. Show that if OA = - i+ 7j, OB = 3i – 5j and OC = 4j, then points AB and C are collinear. (4mks)

8. Four men can dig 2 acres of land in 3 days working 4 hour a day. How many men are required to
dig 5 acres of land in 4 days working 3 hours a day at the same rate.
(3mks)

9. The surface area of two similar bottles are 12 cm2 and 108cm2 respectively. If the larger one has a
volume of 810 cm3. Find the volume of the smaller one.
(3mks)

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10. In the figure given below, AC is an arcAof a circle centre B ABD = 60o, AB = BC = 7cm
and CD= 5 cm.

7cm

60o
B D
7cm C 5cm
Calculate
a) The area of triangle ADB (2mks)

b) The area of the shaded region. (2mks

11. Solve the inequalitites and represent the information on the number line. (3mks)
-3+2x<3x+2<4(x-5)

12. Make x the subject of the formula in 3s=2p (3mks)

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13. Given x = 13.4cm and y = 4.3 cm. calculate the percentage error in x correct to 4 d.p( 3mks)
y

14. A straight line through the point A (2, 1) and B (4,m) is perpendicular to the line whose equation
is 3y = 5 – 2x, Determine the value of m. (3mks)

15. Okoth deposited some money at 10% compound interest compounded annually. How long will it
take to double the amount to the nearest year? (3mks)

16. Chebet has 5 brown chicken and 3 black ones. She picks two of them for slaughter at random,
one after the other. What is the probability that the two are of different colours. (3mks)

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 SECTION II
Answer only five questions.
17. A bus left Nairobi at 8.00am and traveled towards BUsia at an average speed of 80km/hr. At 8.30 am
a car left Busia for Nairobi at an average speed of 120km/hr. Given that the distance between Nairobi
and Busia is 400km.
Calculate:
a) The time the car arrived in Nairobi. (2mks)

b) The time the two vehicles met. (4mks)

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 c) The distance from Nairobi to the meeting point. (2mks)

d) The distance of the bus from Busia when the car arrived in Nairobi. (2mks)

18. A triangle whose vertices are A (1,4) B ( 2,1) and C (5,2) is given the following transformation:
i) Reflection in the line y = -x to A1B1C1
ii) A1B1C1 is then given rotation of + 90o about the origin to A11B11C11
-2
iii) A11B11C11 is then given a translation vector to A11B11C11
iv) A11B11C11 is then given an enlargement scale1factor – 2 centre (0, 0) to AIV BIV CIV.
On the given grid plot a triangle ABC and it’s images A1B1C1, A11B11C11, A111B111 C111 and AIV BIV
CIV. And give coordinates of AIV BIV CIV. (10mks)

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19. A Post OT stand vertically on level ground John moves from O, the foot of the flag post to point R,
on the level ground. The points T, O and R from a right angled isosceles triangle whose perimeter is
56m. S is another point on the level ground 35m from O calculate:
a) The angle of elevation of T from S. (6mks)

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b) The distance ST. (2mks)

c) Find the maximum possible distance between R and S. (2mks)

20. A salesman received a basic salary of sh. 50,000 a year together with a commission of 6 % on the
value of goods sold and a car allowance of sh. 2.50 per km.
a) Find the total amount he received in a year in which he sells goods worth sh. 625,000 and travels
10,000km. (4mks)

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b) The next year he travels 12,000km and receives a total of shs. 134,000
i) Calculate the value of goods sold. (4mks)

ii) Calculate the percentage increase in the value of the goods sold. (2mks)

21. Two airports a and B are such that B is 500km due east of A. two plane P and Q take off from A and
B respectively and at the same time.
Plane P files at 360km/hr on a bearing of 030o
Plane Q flies at 240km/hr on a bearing of 315o
The two planes land after 90 minutes.
Using a scale of 1: 10,000,000
a) Show the positions of the planes after 90 min. (6mks)

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b) Find the distance between the planes after 90 min. (2mks)

c) Find the bearing of plane Q from plane P after 90 minutes (2mks)

22. The figure below shows a container in form a frustrum of an open top radius 40cm and base radiu24
cm.
the depth is 56 cm.

40cm

56cm
h

24cm

a) Calculate the volume of the container in litres. (4mks)

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 b) Of the container is ¾ full of water by volume,
Calculate the radius of the meniscus. (6mks)

23. Use a ruler and compass only in this question.

a) Construct ∆ ABC such that AB = 6cm AC= 8.5 cm and  BAC = 120o (3mks)

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b) Construct the locus ℓ, of points equidistant from A and B (2mks)

c) Construct the locus ℓzof points equidistant from AB and BC (3mks)

d) Find the points of intersection, P1 and P2, of 11 and 12 and measure P1P2 (2mks
24. The diagram below shows the graph of a moving matatu from one bus stop to another.

15

Velocity

m/s

10

10 20 30 40 50 60 Time in sec
a) Find the acceleration of the matatu. (2mks)

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b) Find the deceleration of the matatu (2mks)

c) Calculate the distance the matatu while accelerating. (2mks)

d) Calculate the distance the matatu covered while traveling at an acceleration of 0m/s2 (2mks)

e) Find the distance between the two bus stops. (2mks)

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
232/1 PHYSICS PAPER 1
FORM 3

2025- 2 ½ hours

Name ……………………………………………………Admission no………………………………….

Candidate's Signature……………………………Date………………………………………………..

Instructions to candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided.
b) Sign and write the date of the examination.
c) Answer all the questions in this question paper
d) All your answers must be written in the spaces provided.
e) This paper consists of 8 printed pages.
f) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no printed pages and questions are
missing.
Candidates should answer all the questions in English

FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

SECTION QUESTION MAXIMUM SCORE CANDIDATES SCORE

A 1-8 80 MKS

Page 1 of 8 FOR MS CALL/TEXT 0724351706

1. 30cm3 of petrol is mixed with 40cm3 of kerosene. If the density of petrol is 0.70gcm3 and kerosene is
0.80gcm3. Calculate the density of the mixture. (3mks)

2. 60 drops of water are transferred to a beaker from a burette. The level of water in the burette fall from
17cm3 mark to 20cm3 mark. Calculate the volume of I drop of water (3mks)

3. Name the forces acting on

i) A box resting on a bench

ii) Between the wheels of a moving car and the road

iii) On an object immersed in water

iv) Between n- pole and s-pole of a magnet

v) Between water poured on glass and the glass surface.

4. (i) State two practical applications of friction force in our daily lives. (3mks)

(ii) List three ways in which friction force can be reduced. (3mks)

5. The figure below shows a form of a hydraulic lift.

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 Using Pascal’s principle, determine the forces F2 on the small piston to lift the load. (4mks)

6. Study the set-up below and answer the questions that follows

cork
cork

Cotton wool soaked in

Conc Hcl acid Cotton wool soaked in
Conc ammonium solution

a) What observation would be made in the tube after some time. (1mk).

b) Indicate in the diagram the likely position where the observation stated in (a) above would take place.
(1mk)

7. (a) when taking care of a lead acid accumulator, what must be done if the
(i) Density of the acid becomes too low. (1mk)
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 (ii) Level of the acid becomes too low. (1mk)

(b) An echo sound sends sound signals to the bottom of a lake and receives them back after 0.08s. Find the
depth of the lake. (Take the speed of sound in water 1400m/s) (2mks)

8. The velocity of light in water is 2.2 x 108ms and the velocity of light in a diamond is 1.24 x.108m/s.
Calculate
a) Retractive index of light passing from water to diamond. (3mks)

b) The critical angle for water is 48.6o. Calculate the refractive index of water. (2mks)

c) State the applications of total internal reflections.

9. The figure below shows sound waves emitted by a drum struck.

Explain why the wave fronts are directed to the around (2mks)

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10. A solid weighs 32.5N on the surface of the moon. The force of gravity on the moon is 1.7Nkg-1. Determine
the mass of the solid. (3marks)

11. The figure below shows a Bunsen – burner.

Use the Bernoulli’s principle to explain how air is drawn into the burner when the gas tap is opened. (3mks)

12. Using a well labeled diagrams, show three states of equilibrium. 3mks

a) Define the moment of a force. (2mk)

13. (a) What is a luminar flow? (1mk)

(b) State two assumptions needed in derivation of equation of continuity. (2mks)

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 (c) State two effects of Bernoulli’s principle. (2mks)

14. (a) State Newton’s first law of motion. (1mk)

(b) Give a reason why it is important that passenger’s in moving vehicles put on safety belts. (2mks)

- (a) A boy of mass 60kg stands on a balance in a lift which is accerating upwards of 2m/s2, Find the balance
reading.

(3mks)

(b) State kinetic theory of matter. (1mk)

© State the condition for total internal reflection to occur. (2mks)

15. A figure below shows a car decelerating uniformly from a velocity of 10m/s to rest in 2s.

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 If it takes 2s to reverse with uniform acceleration to its original starting point, determine the:
a) displacement of the car 2mkS

b) average velocity of the car (3marks)

c) distance travelled by the car (3marks)

d) average speed of the car (2marks)

16. An object is placed 30cm from a concave mirror of focal length 20cm. Calculate the magnification. (3mks)

(a) Explain why it is dangerous for a bus to carry standing passengers. (2mks)

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17. (a) A uniform metro rule is balanced at the centre of gravity by a force 30N, 5N and the magnetic force
between P, and Q. P is fixed and Q has a weight
20cm 30cm

5N Q

30N
. Ignoring the weight of the metre rule, calculate the value of the magnetic force between Q and P.
(3mks)

(b) Given that the lower end of Q is North-pole, state the polarity of the end of P facing Q (1mk)

18. (a) Give a reason why water is not suitable as a barometric liquid. (1mk)

(b) Explain why a lift pump is unable to raise water from a borehole where the level of water is 20M below
the ground level. (2mks)

c) State two reasons why gases diffuse faster than solids. (2mks)

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 GOLDLITE ONLINE EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
232/2 PHYSICS PAPER 2
FORM 3

2025- 2 ½ hours

Name ……………………………………………………Admission no………………………………….

Candidate's Signature…………………………………Date………………………………………………..

Instructions to candidates
a) Write your name and admission number in the spaces provided.
b) Sign and write the date of the examination.
c) Answer all the questions in this question paper
d) All your answers must be written in the spaces provided.
e) This paper consists of 9 printed pages.
f) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no printed pages and questions are missing.
Candidates should answer all the questions in English

FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY

SECTION QUESTION MAXIMUM SCORE CANDIDATES SCORE

A 1-19 80 MKS

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 SECTION A: (25 MARKS)
Answer ALL questions this section in the spaces provided.
1. What property of light is suggested by the formation of shadows? (1mark)

2. Why are audio recording hall walls covered with soft materials. (1mark)

3. A highly negatively charged rod is gradually brought close to the cap of a positively charged electroscope.
It is observed that the leaf collapses initially and then diverges. Explain this observation.
(3marks)

4. The figure below shows a ray of light incident on a face of semicircular prism.
Determine the refractive index of the glass prism. (3marks)

42o

5. Explain why repulsion is the only sure test for polarity of a magnet. (1mark)

6. State the use of manganese (IV) oxide in a dry cell. (1mark)

7. A lamp of height 6cm stands in front of pin-hole camera at a distance of 24cm from the pin-hole. The
camera screen is 8cm from the pinhole. Calculate the height of the image formed on the screen.
(3marks)

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8. A car accumulator is rated 40Al and is expected to supply a constant current for 120 minutes. Calculate the
amount of current delivered. (2marks)

9. The figure below shows two incident rays on a concave mirror from the top of an object.
Complete the ray diagram showing the reflected rays. (2marks)

C F

10. An electric bulb rated 40W is operated on240V mains. Determine the resistance of its filament.
(3marks)

11. The force on a straight conductor carrying current in a magnetic field can be varied by changing, among
others, the magnitude of the current and the magnetic field strength. Name the other factors that can be
changed to vary the force. (2marks)

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12. (i) Distinguish between transverse and longitudinal waves. (1mark)

(ii) Give one example of a transverse wave and one example of a longitudinal wave.
(2marks)

SECTION B: (55 MARKS)

Answer ALL questions this section in the spaces provided

14. The diagram below represents a wave motion.

(i) What is the amplitude of the wave in metres. (1mark)

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 (ii) How many cycles are made. (2mark)

(iii)Calculate the wavelength, , of the wave. (2marks)

(iv) Calculate the frequency of the wave. (2marks)

(v) Calculate the velocity of the wave. (2marks)

(b) (i) The echo sounder of a ship receives the reflected wave from a sea-bed after 0.2 seconds. What is the
depth of the sea bed if the velocity of sound in water is 1450m/s. (3marks)

(ii) State three factors that affect the speed of sound in air. (3marks)

15. (a) State two conditions necessary for total internal reflection to occur. (2marks)

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 (b) Define the term critical angle as used in refraction of light. (1mark)

(b) The figure below shows the path of a ray of light through a glass prism. The speed of yellow light in the
prism is 1.88 × 108m/s.

(i) Determine the refractive index of the prism material for the light (speed of light in vacuum, c = 3.0 ×
108m/s. (3marks)

(ii) Show on the figure, the critical angle, c, and determine its value. (4marks)

(iii) Given that r = 21.2º, determine the angle . (3marks)

16. (a) State the advantages of using a convex mirror as a driving mirror. (2marks)

(b) The figure below shows an object O placed infront of a converging mirror of local length 15cm.

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O
30cm 15cm
 Draw on the figure a ray diagram to locate the image formed. (3marks)

(c) State why parabolic reflection is used in car headlights. 2mks

17. (a) State three factors that affect the strength of an electromagnet. (3marks)

(b) In the set up below, the suspended metre rule is in equilibrium balanced by the magnet and the weight
shown. The iron core is fixed to the bench:

Thread

Magne
N
t S

Soft Weigh
iron core t

(i) State and explain the effect on the metre rule when the switch S, is closed. (2marks)

(ii)What would be the effect of reversing the battery terminals? (2mark)

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(c) The figure below shows two parallel current carrying conductors A and B placed close to each other. The
direction of the current is into the plane of the paper.

A B

On the same figure.

(i) Sketch the magnetic field pattern. (2mark)

(ii) Indicate the force F due to the current on each conductor. (2mark)

18. Two identical spheres A and B each standing on an insulating base are in contact. A negatively charged rod is
brought near sphere A as shown in figure below

In what way will A differ from B if separated while the rod is near? Explain. (2mks)

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 19. The figure 2 below shows two identical electroscopes. The one on the right is charged but the one on the
left is not.

Show the charge distribution after the caps of the two electroscopes are connected by a thin conducting
wire (2mk)

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