Module - I

Introduction to Web X.0

CO1 : Apply tools for semantic web

Features
❖ Comparison between Web 1.0, Web 2.0 and Web 3.0
❖ Comparison between Web 1.0, Web 2.0 and Web 3.0
Web4.0
• Web 4.0 can be considered as an Ultra-Intelligent Electronic Agent,
Symbiotic web and Ubiquitous web.
• Interaction between humans and machines was motive behind the
symbiotic web. It is powerful as human brain
• Web OS will be such as a middleware in which it will start functioning
like an OS
• Web OS will be parallel to the human brain and implies a massive web
of highly intelligent interaction
Web 5.0
• Web 5.0 is still an underground idea in progress and there is no exact
definition of how it would be.
• Tablets or Personal Robots which is represented as its own avatar
inside the SC(smart communicator), will be able to surf alone in the
3D Virtual world of the Symbiotic.
• The company Emotive Systems has created neuro-technology through
headphones that allow users to interact with content that meets their
emotions or change in real time facial expression an "avatar”
❖ Introduction to Web Analytics
• Web analytics is the process of analyzing the behavior of visitors to a website.
(Involves tracking, reviewing and reporting data to measure web activity,
including the use of a website and its components, such as webpages, images and
videos.)
• Data collected through web analytics may include traffic sources, referring sites,
page views, paths taken and conversion rates. The compiled data often forms a
part of customer relationship management analytics (CRM analytics) to facilitate
and streamline better business decisions.
• Web analytics enables a business to retain customers, attract more visitors and
increase the dollar volume each customer spends.
Analytics can help in the following ways :
1. Determine the likelihood that a given customer will repurchase a product after
purchasing it in the past.
2. Personalize the site to customers who visit it repeatedly.
3. Monitor the amount of money individual customers or specific groups of
customers spend.
4. Observe the geographic regions from which the most and the least customers
visit the site and purchase specific products.
5. Predict which products customers are most and least likely to buy in the future.
 ❖ Web Analytics Process:

A/B testing for

Develop content audience responds
- Increased sales Processing
Collected data
strategy based on to different
- Customer what users are
satisfaction to actionable contents
- Brand awareness information searching for on its
website
-Bounce rate
-Unique users
-user sessions
-onsite search
queries
 Collection,storage,
processing and
analysis of click
Web Analytics level data
2.0 Model
 Post several
ideas on
Web Analytics websites to
collect feedback
2.0 Model and responses

Improve the services

on web by running live
experiments on the
websites
Web Analytics
2.0 Model

-Pages that visitors visited

-Content they accessed
-Products they purchased
-Services they subscribed
Analyze competitors
by assessing their
strengths and
weaknesses
❖ Strategy to Choose Your Web Analytics Tool
1. Define your business needs
2. Ease of use (Easy to-use interface)
3. Technical support (provide reliable support during the process of setting up and
even after. )
4. Price and ongoing costs(Take time to compare the costs and identify one which
is within budget)
5. Vendor credibility(work with a web analytics vendor that has been in business
for several years and is sound financially.)
6. Test, test, test (Don’t buy any web analytics software without testing it)
❖ Measuring the Success of a Website (E-commerce website)
• Conversion rate (number of customers that complete a sale after visiting your site and viewing a product.)
• Gross margin(Profit)
• Average order value
• Cost per acquisition (How much is cost to gain new customer)
• Cart abandonment rate (interested in products but don’t proceed to buy)
• Checkout abandonment rate
• Customer lifetime value
• Revenue on advertising spent
• Device type
• Site speed
• Customer Engagement
• Bounce rate (abruptly leave your site after visiting only one page.)
• Customer product reviews on your site and online
• Average ticket resolution time
• Traffic volume
• Blog views and shares
❖ WEB 3.0 AND SEMANTIC WEB
• Web 3.0 was originally called the Semantic Web by World Wide Web inventor Tim
Berners-Lee
• Data will be interconnected in a decentralized way
• Users and machines will be able to interact with data
Characteristics of Web 3.0:
▪ Semantic Web (improves web technologies to generate ,share and connect the
content through search and analysis)
▪ Artificial Intelligence (become more intelligent to satisfy the needs of users)
▪ 3D Graphics (Museum guides, computer games, ecommerce, geospatial contexts,
etc)
▪ Connectivity
▪ Ubiquity (Every device connected to the web; services can be used everywhere)
❖ Semantic Web Stack
and its Component

• The Semantic Web Stack, also

known as Semantic Web Cake
or Semantic Web Layer Cake
❖ Resource Description Framework (RDF)
• RDF stands for Resource Description Framework.
• RDF is a framework for describing resources on the web.
• RDF provides a model for data, and a syntax so that independent parties can exchange and use it.
• RDF is designed to be read and understood by computers.
• RDF is not designed for being displayed to people.
• RDF is written in XML.
• RDF is a part of the W3C's Semantic Web Activity.
• RDF is a W3C Recommendation
RDF Example
❖ Web Ontology Language (OWL)
• It is a Semantic Web language that is designed to process and integrate information over the web,
making sense of it in a manner similar to human reasoning.

• Web Ontology Languages are built upon a standard of the World Wide Web Consortium called
Resource Description Framework (RDF).

• OWL adds more vocabulary for describing properties and classes: among others, relations between
classes (e.g. disjointness), cardinality (e.g. "exactly one"), equality, richer typing of properties,
characteristics of properties (e.g. symmetry), and enumerated classes.
❖ SPARQL (Simple Protocol and RDF Query Language)
• It is the SQL like query language we use to shape and return linked data from a triple store.
• SPARQL queries contain triple patterns, much like the data itself, which utilize the relationships to
quickly navigate any linked data.
• This language is common for all linked data, so queries can traverse across multiple RDF databases
at once.
❖ N-Triples

• The N-Triples is a textual expression of RDF graph. A line in N-Triples represents one triple of
subject/predicate/object.
• These may be separated by white space. This sequence is terminated by a '.' and a new line
(optional at the end of a document).
• An N-Triples document contains no parsing directives.
• The RDF graph represented by an N-Triples document contains exactly each triple matching the
N-Triples triple production.
 ❖ Turtle
• Turtle, the Terse RDF Triple Language, is an extension of N-Triples.
• Turtle is a file format or syntax that is used to express the data in an RDF data model.
• An RDF graph is made up of triples consisting of a subject, predicate and object.
• Comments may be given after a '#' that is not part of another lexical token and continue to the end of
the line.
• All RDF written in Turtle should be usable inside the query language part of the SPARQL.
• SPARQL uses Turtle/N3 style syntax for the Triple patterns and for RDF triples in the
CONSTRUCT clause.
 University Questions
Dec-22 Explain semantic web stack 5
Dec-22 Explain Evolution of web. 10
Define clickstream Analysis and state its applications. 10