Scribd
Upload
2 views

Algebra

Algebra is a branch of mathematics focused on symbols and the rules for manipulating them, essential for solving equations and understanding variable relationships. Key concepts include variables, expressions, equations, operations, types of equations, factoring, functions, inequalities, and polynomials. These concepts form the foundation for more advanced mathematical studies and real-world applications.

Uploaded by

lupedesor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

Algebra

Algebra is a branch of mathematics focused on symbols and the rules for manipulating them, essential for solving equations and understanding variable relationships. Key concepts include variables, expressions, equations, operations, types of equations, factoring, functions, inequalities, and polynomials. These concepts form the foundation for more advanced mathematical studies and real-world applications.

Uploaded by

lupedesor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Algebra is a branch of mathematics that deals with symbols and the rules for manipulating those

symbols. It's a foundational area of mathematics and is used to solve equations and understand
relationships between variables. Here's an overview of key concepts in algebra:

1. Variables and Constants

 Variables are symbols (often letters like x, y, z) that represent unknown values or values
that can change.
 Constants are fixed values (like numbers 1, 2, 3, etc.) that don’t change.

2. Expressions

 An algebraic expression consists of numbers, variables, and operations (such as


addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division). For example:
o 2x+32x + 32x+3
o 5y−45y - 45y−4
o 3a+7b3a + 7b3a+7b

3. Equations

 An equation is a mathematical statement that two expressions are equal. For example:
o 2x+3=72x + 3 = 72x+3=7
 The goal is to solve the equation by finding the value(s) of the variable that makes the
equation true.

4. Operations

Algebra follows basic arithmetic operations and additional rules:

 Addition and subtraction of like terms (e.g., 3x+2x=5x3x + 2x = 5x3x+2x=5x).


 Multiplication and division (e.g., 3x⋅2=6x3x \cdot 2 = 6x3x⋅2=6x or 6x2=3x\frac{6x}
{2} = 3x26x=3x).
 Distributive property: a(b+c)=ab+aca(b + c) = ab + aca(b+c)=ab+ac.
 Exponentiation: Powers and roots (e.g., x2x^2x2, x\sqrt{x}x).

5. Solving Equations

Solving algebraic equations involves isolating the variable. Steps often include:

 Simplifying both sides.


 Using inverse operations to eliminate terms (e.g., subtracting, dividing).
 Solving for the variable.

Example:
2x+3=72x + 3 = 72x+3=7
Subtract 3 from both sides:
2x=42x = 42x=4
Divide both sides by 2:
x=2x = 2x=2

6. Types of Equations

 Linear equations: Equations of the form ax+b=0ax + b = 0ax+b=0, where aaa and bbb
are constants. The solution is usually a single value for xxx.
 Quadratic equations: Equations of the form ax2+bx+c=0ax^2 + bx + c = 0ax2+bx+c=0.
Solutions can be found using factoring, completing the square, or the quadratic formula.
 Exponential equations: Equations where variables appear as exponents (e.g., 2x=162^x
= 162x=16).
 Systems of equations: A set of two or more equations with multiple variables (e.g.,
solving x+y=5x + y = 5x+y=5 and x−y=1x - y = 1x−y=1 simultaneously).

7. Factoring

Factoring involves breaking down an expression into simpler terms. It's useful in solving
equations, especially quadratic ones. For example:

 Factoring x2+5x+6x^2 + 5x + 6x2+5x+6 gives (x+2)(x+3)(x + 2)(x + 3)(x+2)(x+3).

8. Functions

 A function is a relationship where each input has exactly one output. It’s often written as
f(x)=x2+3xf(x) = x^2 + 3xf(x)=x2+3x, where f(x)f(x)f(x) is the function and xxx is the
variable.
 Functions are central in algebra, calculus, and beyond, representing various real-world
phenomena.

9. Inequalities

Inequalities express relationships where two expressions are not necessarily equal, but one is
greater than or less than the other:

 x>3x > 3x>3


 x≤5x \leq 5x≤5
 Solving inequalities often involves similar steps to solving equations, but you need to
reverse the inequality sign when multiplying or dividing by a negative number.

10. Polynomials

A polynomial is an expression that involves terms with variables raised to whole number
powers. Examples include:
 3x2+2x+13x^2 + 2x + 13x2+2x+1
 x3−5x2+4xx^3 - 5x^2 + 4xx3−5x2+4x
 Polynomials can be factored, expanded, or used in functions.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy