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Geography_Chapter6_Final_Notes

The document discusses India's population, highlighting its status as the second most populous country and the uneven distribution of its population across states. It covers key aspects such as population growth rates, density, and the National Population Policy aimed at stabilizing growth. Additionally, it addresses the adolescent population and various factors influencing population composition, including age, sex ratio, and literacy.

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24 views

Geography_Chapter6_Final_Notes

The document discusses India's population, highlighting its status as the second most populous country and the uneven distribution of its population across states. It covers key aspects such as population growth rates, density, and the National Population Policy aimed at stabilizing growth. Additionally, it addresses the adolescent population and various factors influencing population composition, including age, sex ratio, and literacy.

Uploaded by

pi8534yk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Geography - Chapter 6: Population (Final Notes)

1. Introduction

- Population refers to the total number of people living in a particular area.


- India is the second most populous country in the world after China.
- The study of population is called Demography.

2. Population Size and Distribution

- India's population is unevenly distributed due to geographical and social factors.


- Uttar Pradesh is the most populated state, while Sikkim has the least population.
- Population is measured using the Census, conducted every 10 years.

3. Population Growth and Trends

- Population Growth Rate: The increase in the number of people over time.
- India's population has grown rapidly, but the rate of growth is declining.
- Growth depends on:
- - Birth Rate: Number of births per 1,000 people per year.
- - Death Rate: Number of deaths per 1,000 people per year.
- - Migration: Movement of people from one place to another.

4. Population Distribution by Density

- Population density is the number of people living per square kilometer.


- India's population density in 2011 was 382 persons per sq. km.
- Bihar has the highest population density, while Arunachal Pradesh has the lowest.

5. 2011 Population Density Map

- The 2011 Census provides a detailed population density map of India.


- Densely populated states: Bihar, West Bengal, Kerala, Uttar Pradesh.
- Sparsely populated states: Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Sikkim.

6. National Population Policy (NPP)

- The National Population Policy (NPP) 2000 aims to achieve stable population growth.
- Goals: Reduce infant mortality rate, promote family planning, increase literacy.
- It focuses on improving maternal and child healthcare.

7. Adolescent Population
- Adolescents (ages 10-19) form about 21% of India's population.
- Challenges: Malnutrition, early marriage, lack of education.
- Government initiatives focus on health, education, and skill development.

8. Population Composition

- Population Composition refers to characteristics like age, sex, literacy, and occupation.
- Important factors:
- - Age Composition: Number of children, working-age, and elderly population.
- - Sex Ratio: Number of females per 1,000 males (India's sex ratio is improving).
- - Literacy Rate: Percentage of educated people in a population.
- - Occupation: Primary (agriculture), Secondary (industry), and Tertiary (services).

9. Population Density Trends

- Population Density = Total population ÷ Land area.


- Bihar has the highest population density, while Arunachal Pradesh has the lowest.
- High density is found in plains and coastal areas, while mountains and deserts have low
density.

10. Population Growth and Density Graphs

- The graphs below show India's population growth and density trends over time.

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