UNIT 2

QUANTITATIVE ABILITY – APPLIED MATHEMATICS

1. PROFIT AND LOSS

1. A man buys an article for Rs 27.50 and sells it for Rs.28.50. Find his gain %.
2. If the radio is bought for Rs 490 and sold for Rs 465.50. Find loss%.
3. Find S.P when
(i) CP = Rs 56.25, GAIN =20%.
(ii)CP= Rs 80.40, LOSS=5%

4. Find CP when:
(i) SP = Rs 40.60 : GAIN=16%
(ii) SP = Rs51.70 : LOSS=12%

5. A person incures 5% loss for by selling a watch for Rs1140. At what price should the
watch be sold to earn a 5% profit ?

6. A book was sold for Rs 27.50 with a profit of 10%. if it were sold for Rs25.75, then what
would be % of profit or loss?

7. If the cost price is 96% of SP then what is the profit %

8. The CP of 21 articles is equal to SP of 18 articles. Find gain or loss %

9. By selling 33 metres of cloth, one gains the selling price of 11 metres Find the gain
percent.
10. A vendor bought bananas at 6 for Rs.10 and sold them at 4 for Rs.6 .Find his gain or loss
percent.

11. A man brought toffees at 3 for a rupee. How many for a rupee must he sell togain 50%?

12. A grocer purchased 80 kg of sugar at Rs.13.50 per kg and mixed it with120kg sugar at
Rs.16per kg. At what rate should he sell the mixer to gain 16%?

13. Pure ghee cost Rs.100 per kg. After adulterating it with vegetable oil costing Rs.50 per
kg, A shopkeeper sells the mixture at the rate of Rs.96 per kg, there by making a profit of
20%.In What ratio does he mix the two?

14. A dishonest dealer professes to sell his goods at cost price but uses a weight of 960 gms
for a kg weight . Find his gain percent.

15. If the manufacturer gains 10%,the wholesale dealer 15% and the retailer25% ,then find
the cost of production of a table ,the retail price of which is Rs.1265?
16. Monika purchased a pressure cooker at 9/10th of its selling price and sold it at 8% more
than its S.P .find her gain percent.

17. An article is sold at certain price. By selling it at 2/3 of that price one losses 10%, find the
gain at original price ?

18. A tradesman sold an article at a loss of 20%. If the selling price has been increased by
Rs100, there would have been a gain of 5%.what was the cost price of the article?

19. A man sells an article at a profit of 25%if he had bought it 20% less and sold it for Rs
10.50 less, he would have gained 30%find the cost price of the article.

20. The price of the jewel, passing through three hands, rises on the whole by 65%. If the
first and the second sellers 20%and25% profit respectively find the percentage profit
earned by the third seller.

21. A man 2 flats for Rs 675958 each. On one he gains 16% while on the other helosses
16%. How much does his gain/loss in the whole transaction?

22. A dealer sold three-fourth of his article at a gain of 20% and remaining at a cost price.
Find the gain earned by him at the two transactions.

23. A man bought a horse and a carriage for Rs 3000.he sold the horse at a gain of 20% and
the carriage at a loss of 10%, thereby gaining 2% on the whole. Find the cost of the horse.

24. Find the single discount equivalent to a series discount of 20% ,10% and 5%’

25. After getting 2 successive discounts, a shirt with a list price of Rs 150 is available at Rs
105. If the second discount is 12.5%, find the first discount.

26. An uneducated retailer marks all its goods at 50% above the cost price andthinking that
he will still make 25% profit, offers a discount of 25% on the markedprice.what is the
actual profit on the sales?

27. A retailer buys 40 pens at the market price of 36 pens from a wholesaler, if he sells these
pens giving a discount of 1% ,what is the profit % ?

28. At what % above C.P must an article be marked so as to gain 33% after allowing a
customer a discount of 5%?

29. When a producer allows 36% commission on retail price of his product, heearns a profit
of 8.8%. What would be his profit % if the commission is reduced by24%?
2. SIMPLE INTEREST

Ex. 1. Find the simple interest on Rs. 68,000 at 16 2/3% per annum for 9 months.

Ex. 2. Find the simple interest on Rs. 3000 at 6 1/4% per annum for the period from 4th Feb.,
2005 to 18th April, 2005.

Ex. 3. A sum at simple interests at 13 ½ % per annum amounts to Rs.2502.50 after 4 years find
the sum.

Ex. 4. A sum of Rs. 800 amounts to Rs. 920 in 8 years at simple interest rate is increased by 8%,
it would amount to how much ?

Ex. 5. Adam borrowed some money at the rate of 6% p.a. for the first two years , at the rate of
9% p.a. for the next three years , and at the rate of 14% p.a. for the period beyond five years. 1£
he pays a total interest of Rs. 11, 400 at the end of nine years how much money did he borrow?

.Ex. 6. A certain sum of money amounts to Rs. 1008 in 2 years and to Rs.1164 in 3 ½ years. Find
the sum and rate of interests.

Ex. 7. At what rate percent per annum will a sum of money double in 16 years.

Ex. 8. The simple interest on a sum of money is 4/9 of the principal .Find the rate percent and
time, if both are numerically equal.

Ex. 9. The simple interest on a certain sum of money for 2 l/2 years at 12% per annum is Rs. 40
less than the simple interest on the same sum for 3 ½ years at 10% per annum. Find the sum.

Ex. 10. A sum was put at simple interest at a certain rate for 3 years. Had it been put at 2%
higher rate, it would have fetched Rs. 360 more. Find the sum.

Ex. 11. What annual instalment will discharge a debt of Rs. 1092 due in 3 years at 12% simple
interest?
.
Ex. 12. A sum of Rs. 1550 is lent out into two parts, one at 8% and another one at 6%. If the total
annual income is Rs. 106, find the money lent at each rate.
3. TIME, SPEED AND DISTANCE

Ex. 1. How many minutes does Aditya take to cover a distance of 400 m, if he runs at a speed of
20 km/hr?

Ex. 2. A cyclist covers a distance of 750 m in 2 min 30 sec. What is the speed in km/hr of the
cyclist?

Ex. 3. A dog takes 4 leaps for every 5 leaps of a hare but 3 leaps of a dog are equal to 4 leaps of
the hare. Compare their speeds.

Ex. 4.While covering a distance of 24 km, a man noticed that after walking for 1 hour and 40
minutes, the distance covered by him was 5/7 of the remaining distance. What was his speed in
metres per second?

Ex. 5.Peter can cover a certain distance in 1 hr. 24 min. by covering two-third of the distance at 4
kmph and the rest at 5 kmph. Find the total distance.

Ex. 6.A man travelled from the village to the post-office at the rate of 25 kmph and walked back
at the rate of 4 kmph. If the whole journey took 5 hours 48 minutes, find the distance of the post-
office from the village.

Ex. 7. An aeroplane files along the four sides of a square at the speeds of 200,400,600 and
800km/hr. Find the average speed of the plane around the field.

Ex. 8.Walking at 5 of its usual speed, a train is 10 minutes too late. Find its usual time to cover
the journey.

Ex. 9.If a man walks at the rate of 5 kmph, he misses a train by 7 minutes. However, if he walks
at the rate of 6 kmph, he reaches the station 5 minutes before the arrival of the train. Find the
distance covered by him to reach the station.

Ex. 10.A and B are two stations 390 km apart. A train starts from A at 10 a.m. and travels
towards B at 65 kmph. Another train starts from B at 11 a.m. and travels towards A at 35 kmph.
At what time do they meet?

Ex. 11. A goods train leaves a station at a certain time and at a fixed speed. After ^hours, an
express train leaves the same station and moves in the same direction at a uniform speed of 90
kmph. This train catches up the goods train in 4 hours. Find the speed of the goods train.

Ex. 12. A thief is spotted by a policeman from a distance of 100 metres. When the policeman
starts the chase, the thief also starts running. If the speed of the thief be 8km/hr and that of the
policeman 10 km/hr, how far the thief will have run before he is overtaken?

Ex.13. I walk a certain distance and ride back taking a total time of 37 minutes. I could walk both
ways in 55 minutes. How long would it take me to ride both ways?
PROBLEMS ON TRAINS

Ex.I. A train 100 m long is running at the speed of 30 km / hr. Find the time taken by it to pass a
man standing near the railway line.

Ex. 2. A train is moving at a speed of 132 km/br. If the length of the train is 110 metres, how
long will it take to cross a railway platform 165 metres long?

Ex. 3. A man is standing on a railway bridge which is 180 m long. He finds that a train crosses
the bridge in 20 seconds but himself in 8 seconds. Find the length of the train and its speed?

Ex. 4. A train 150 m long is running with a speed of 68 kmph. In what time will it pass a man
who is running at 8 kmph in the same direction in which the train is going?

Ex. 5. A train 220 m long is running with a speed of 59 kmph.. In what will it pass a man who is
running at 7 kmph in the direction opposite to that in which the train is going?

Ex. 6. Two trains 137 metres and 163 metres in length are running towards each other on parallel
lines, one at the rate of 42 kmph and another at 48 kmpb. In what time will they be clear of each
other from the moment they meet?

Ex. 7. Two trains 100 metres and 120 metres long are running in the same direction with speeds
of 72 km/hr, and 72 km/hr .In how much time will the first train cross the second?

Ex. 8. A train 100 metres long takes 6 seconds to cross a man walking at 5 kmph in the direction
opposite to that of the train. Find the speed of the train.?

Ex9. A train running at 54 kmph takes 20 seconds to pass a platform. Next it takes.12 sec to pass
a man walking at 6 kmph in the same direction in which the train is going . Find the length of the
train and the length of the platform.

Ex10. A man sitting in a train which is travelling at 50 kmph observes that a goods train,
traveling in opposite direction, takes 9 seconds to pass him. If the goods train is 280 m long, find
its speed.?
4.TIME AND WORK

Ex. 1. Worker A takes 8 hours to do a job. Worker B takes 10 hours to do the same Job. How
long should it take both A and B, working together but independently, to do the same job?

Ex. 2. A and B together can complete a piece of work in 4 days. If A alone can complete the
same work in 12 days, in how many days can B alone complete that work?

Ex. 3. A can do a piece of work in 7 days of 9 hours each and B can do it in 6 days of 7 hours
each. How long will they take to do it, working together 8 2/5 hours a day?

Ex. 4. A and B can do a piece of work in 18 days; Band C can do it in 24 days A and C can do it
in 36 days. In how many days will A, Band C finish it together and separately?

Ex. 6. A is twice as good a workman as B and together they finish a piece of work in 18 days. In
how many days will A alone finish the work?

Ex. 6. A can do a certain job in 12 days. B is 60% more efficient than A. How many days does B
alone take to do the same job?
.
Ex. 7. A can do a piece of work in 80 days. He works at it for 10 days B alone finishes the
remaining work in 42 days. In how much time will A and B working together, finish the
work?

Ex. 8.A and B undertake to do a piece of work for Rs. 600.A alone can do it in 6 days while B
alone can do it in 8 days. With the help of C, they finish it in 3 days. Find the share of each.

Ex. 9. A and B working separately can do a piece of work in 9 and 12 days respectively, If
they work for a day alternately, A beginning, in how many days, the work will be completed?
.
Ex 10 .45 men can complete a work in 16 days. Six days after they started working, 30 more men
joined them. How many days will they now take to complete the remaining work?

Ex:11. 2 men and 3 boys can do a piece of work in 10 days while 3 men and 2 boys can do the
same work in 8 days. In how many days can 2 men and 1 boy do the work?
5. ALLIGATION OR MIXTURE

Ex. 1. In what ratio must rice at Rs. 9.30 per kg be mixed with rice at Rs. 10.80 per kg so that the
mixture be worth Rs. 10 per kg ?

Ex. 2. How much water must be added to 60 litres of milk at 1 ½ litres for Rs. 2 so as to have a
mixture worth Rs.10 2/3 a litre ?

Ex. 3. In what ratio must water be mixed with milk to gain 20 % by selling the mixture at cost
price?

Ex. 4..How many kgs. of wheat costing Rs. 8 per kg must be mixed with 86 kg of rice costing
Rs.5.40 per kg so that 20% gain may be obtained by selling the mixture at Rs. 7.20 per kg ?

Ex. 5. The milk and water in two vessels A and B are in the ratio 4 : 3 and 2: 3 respectively. In
what ratio, the liquids in both the vessels be mixed to obtain a new mixture in vessel containing
half milk and half water?

6. BLOOD RELATIONS

1. If A is the brother of B; B is the sister of C; C is the father of D, how D is related to A?

A. Niece B. Sister C. Nephew D. Nephew or Niece

2. If A is the son of C; C and Q are sisters; Z is the mother of Q; P is the son of Z.

Which of the following statements is true?
A) P and A are cousins
B) P is the maternal uncle of A
C) Q is the maternal grandfather of A
D) C and P are sisters

3.Kavi is the daughter of sanju. Abhi is the brother of sanju. Akshaya is the sister of abhi.
Deny is the brother of kavi. Who is the uncle of deny?
a) Sanju c) Abhi b) Deny d) Kavi

4. R is the sister of S. S is married to B. B is the son of A. R is the mother of E.

G is the father of H. G has only one son and only one daughter. H is the daughter of R.
K is the son of S. If A is the wife of C, then how is K related to C?

a) Son-in-law b) Nephew c) Grandson d) Son

5. There are seven members in a family i.e. B, C, D, E, F, G and H. Among them only two are
married couple and only three are males. B who is unmarried, and G are siblings. C’s husband
has two children. E is father of G. H is niece of B, who is not a male member. C is mother of D,
who is unmarried. F is not married to G or H.
i). Who among the following is aunt of D?
a)B b)E c)F d)G e)None

ii). Who among the following is grandmother of H?

a)G b)F c)C d)D e)None

iii). How C related to B?

a)Mother in law b)Sister c)Sister in law
d)Cannot be determined e)None

6.. A family of eight persons has three married couples. Amelie is the grandmother of Charles
and is the mother-in-law of Flody. Helen is the daughter of Bob, who is the brother of George.
Diana is the only child of George and is the mother of Charles. Emma is the wife of Bob. How
is George related to Helen ?

A. Paternal Uncle B. Father C. Brother D. Cousin

7. In a family of three generations, there are eight members, M and N are brothers,
R is the grandson of Q. T is the only niece of M,P is the sister-in-law of N.
O is the mother-in-law of S. There are three married couples in the family.
T is the daughter of S .How is R related to T ?

A. Cousin B. Uncle C. Brother D. Cannot be determined

8. Pointing to a photograph, Ramu said, "She is the daughter of my grandfather's only son."
How is Ramu related to the girl in the photographer?

A. Father B. Brother
C. Cousin D. Uncle

9. Pointing to a photograph of a boy Suresh said, "He is the son of the only son of my
mother.“ How is Suresh related to that boy?

(a) Brother (b) Uncle

(c) Cousin (d) Father

10. Pointing to a photograph Arun said, ‘She is the mother of my son’s wife’s daughter.’
How is Arun related to the lady?

(a) Uncle (b) Father in law (c) Cousin (d) None

11. Rahul went to his mother’s mother-in-law’s only son’s daughter’s husband’s
son’s maternal uncle and asked for some money. How is this person related to Rahul ?

a) Brother b) Father c) Cousin d) Uncle