HELLO DEAR STUDENTS

I AM RAVI SHANKAR ,

SOLVE THESE MCQ FOR YOUR QICK REVISION OF EMT- VOLUME 1

CHAPTER -1

Here are 500 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) based on the provided text,
covering various aspects of mining geology, minerals, rocks, and rock structures.

Chapter 1: Mining Geology, Minerals, Rocks & Rock Structures

1. What is mining?
A) The process of growing crops
B) The process of excavating minerals of economic value from the earth's crust
for the benefit of mankind
C) The process of building houses
D) The process of generating electricity
Answer: B
2. Approximately how deep does the earth's crust extend?
A) 1 to 5 km
B) 100 to 200 km
C) 30 to 50 km
D) 1000 km
Answer: C
3. What does the word "Geology" mean?
A) Science of the stars
B) Science of the earth
C) Science of animals
D) Science of plants
Answer: B
4. For mining operations, what depth of the earth's crust is of primary concern?
A) Maximum 1 km
B) Maximum 5 km
C) 10 to 20 km
D) 50 km
Answer: B

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5. What is a mineral?
A) A homogeneous and naturally occurring substance having definite physical
properties and a composition that may be expressed by a chemical formula
B) A heterogeneous mixture of substances
C) A liquid substance
D) An artificially prepared substance
Answer: A
6. Which of the following is an example of a mineral that occurs as a single
element?
A) Quartz
B) Hematite
C) Native gold
D) Galena
Answer: C
7. What is the chemical formula for quartz?
A) Fe2O3
B) PbS
C) SiO2
D) NaCl
Answer: C
8. What is the chemical formula for hematite?
A) SiO2
B) Fe2O3
C) PbS
D) NaCl
Answer: B
9. What is a rock?
A) A chemical element
B) A homogeneous substance
C) A mechanical mixture or aggregate of two or more minerals
D) A liquid substance
Answer: C
10. Which of the following is a rock composed of three separate minerals: quartz,
feldspar, and mica?
A) Quartz
B) Granite
C) Mica

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 D) Feldspar
Answer: B
11. What is bed rock?
A) Broken up rock
B) Rock lying in the position in which it was formed
C) Rock found on the surface of the earth
D) Rock used for construction
Answer: B
12. What is country rock?
A) Rock containing orebody
B) Rock used for building
C) Broken rock
D) Rock found in the river
Answer: A
13. What is a seam?
A) A mineral deposit limited by two more or less parallel planes
B) A rock formation
C) A type of igneous rock
D) A type of metamorphic rock
Answer: A
14. Which of the following terms is used for uneconomic rock or mineral associated
with a useful mineral in coal mining practice?
A) Gangue
B) Ore
C) Rejection
D) Mineral deposit
Answer: C
15. What is gangue?
A) Economic rock
B) Uneconomic rock in metal mining practice
C) Useful mineral
D) A type of ore
Answer: B
16. What is an ore?
A) A rock which contains mineral and which can be used for economical
extraction of metal after processing to separate mineral from gangue
B) A mineral deposit

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 C) A type of gangue
D) A type of vein
Answer: A
17. What is a straight ore?
A) An ore that yields multiple metals
B) An ore that yields only one metal
C) An uneconomic rock
D) A type of gangue
Answer: B
18. What is a mineral deposit?
A) A rock or mineral that is of economic value and repays it extraction from the
earth
B) A type of gangue
C) An uneconomic rock
D) A type of vein
Answer: A
19. What is a vein (or lode)?
A) A crack in the earth's crust filled with mineral
B) A type of ore
C) A type of gangue
D) A type of rock
Answer: A
20. What are compound lodes?
A) Single veins
B) A number of nearly parallel veins
C) Uneconomic rocks
D) Types of ores
Answer: B
21. What is an orebody?
A) The part of a vein that carries the ore
B) The country rock
C) The gangue
D) The mineral
Answer: A
22. What is the relationship between country rock, vein, orebody, ore, and mineral?
A) Country rock contains vein, vein contains orebody, orebody contains ore, ore
contains minerals

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 B) Vein contains country rock, ore contains orebody, mineral contains ore
C) Ore contains orebody, orebody contains vein, vein contains country rock
D) Mineral contains ore, ore contains orebody, orebody contains vein
Answer: A
23. What are the definite physical properties that minerals possess?
A) Colour, specific gravity, lustre, taste, smell, streak, crystalline, cleavage,
fracture, hardness
B) Only colour and hardness
C) Only lustre and cleavage
D) Only taste and smell
Answer: A
24. Which of the following is an example of a mineral with a characteristic colour?
A) Quartz
B) Galena
C) Mica
D) Feldspar
Answer: B
25. What type of lustre does galena have?
A) Pearly
B) Silky
C) Metallic
D) Glassy
Answer: C
26. What is streak in minerals?
A) The colour of the mineral
B) The coloured mark a mineral leaves when drawn over paper or an unglazed
porcelain plate
C) The lustre of the mineral
D) The taste of the mineral
Answer: B
27. What type of streak does graphite leave?
A) Red
B) White
C) Black
D) Yellow
Answer: C
28. What is a crystal?

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 A) A liquid substance
B) A gas
C) A geometrical solid bounded by smooth plain surfaces called faces
D) A type of rock
Answer: C
29. What is the process by which crystals can be formed?
A) Deposition from solution
B) Slow cooling from the molten state
C) Direct change from a vapour to a solid
D) All of the above
Answer: D
30. What is cleavage in minerals?
A) The colour of the mineral
B) The tendency of crystals to split along one or more directions parallel to an
actual or possible crystal face
C) The hardness of the mineral
D) The lustre of the mineral
Answer: B
31. How many cleavage planes does mica have?
A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four
Answer: A
32. In how many planes does galena cleave?
A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four
Answer: C
33. What is fracture in minerals?
A) The tendency to split along cleavage planes
B) The colour of the mineral
C) The way a crystal breaks independently of the cleavage plane
D) The hardness of the mineral
Answer: C
34. What does hardness in minerals refer to?

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 A) The colour of the mineral
B) The relative ease with which minerals can be scratched
C) The lustre of the mineral
D) The density of the mineral
Answer: B
35. What is Moh's scale of hardness?
A) A scale of mineral colours
B) A scale of mineral densities
C) A scale of relative hardness of minerals
D) A scale of mineral lustre
Answer: C
36. Which mineral is at the top of Moh's scale of hardness?
A) Talc
B) Diamond
C) Quartz
D) Gypsum
Answer: B
37. Which mineral has a hardness of 1 on Moh's scale?
A) Diamond
B) Quartz
C) Talc
D) Gypsum
Answer: C
38. What is the hardness of a mineral that can be scratched by a fingernail?
A) 2.5 or less
B) 4
C) 6.5
D) 8
Answer: A
39. What can be used as a substitute for apatite when testing the hardness of a
mineral?
A) Diamond
B) Window glass
C) Talc
D) Gypsum
Answer: B
40. What is Protodyakonov strength number used for?

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 A) Measuring the colour of a rock
B) Expressing the hardness of a rock
C) Measuring the lustre of a rock
D) Determining the chemical composition of a rock
Answer: B
41. What is the Protodyakonov strength number for strong lignites and weak clay
shales?
A) 20-25
B) 2
C) 1.5 to 2
D) 10
Answer: C
42. What is the Protodyakonov strength number for exceedingly strong quartzites
and gabbro-diorites?
A) 1.5 to 2
B) 2
C) 10
D) 20-25
Answer: D
43. How many elements have been isolated and recognized in the laboratory?
A) About 10
B) About 50
C) About 107
D) About 2000
Answer: C
44. Approximately how many elements make up the earth's observable crust?
A) 10
B) 50
C) 8
D) 107
Answer: C
45. Which element is the most abundant in the earth's crust?
A) Silicon
B) Iron
C) Aluminium
D) Oxygen
Answer: D

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46. Which element is the second most abundant in the earth's crust?
A) Oxygen
B) Silicon
C) Aluminium
D) Iron
Answer: B
47. What percentage of the earth's crust do the eight most abundant elements make
up?
A) 50%
B) 75%
C) 98%
D) 100%
Answer: C
48. Which of the following is NOT one of the eight most abundant elements in the
earth's crust?
A) Calcium
B) Sodium
C) Copper
D) Potassium
Answer: C
49. Which of the following is a common rock-forming mineral?
A) Gold
B) Silver
C) Quartz
D) Lead
Answer: C
50. How many catalogued mineral specimens are there?
A) About 100
B) About 500
C) About 1000
D) About 2000
Answer: D
51. What is the approximate number of minerals that are the real economic targets
of mining activity?
A) 10
B) 50
C) 100

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 D) 500
Answer: C
52. Which of the following is NOT considered an essential mineral?
A) Feldspars
B) Quartz
C) Mica
D) Gold
Answer: D
53. What is the general composition of essential minerals?
A) Oxides
B) Chlorides
C) Silicates
D) Carbonates
Answer: C
54. What distinguishes essential minerals from accessory minerals?
A) Their colour
B) Their hardness
C) Their presence in small quantities
D) Their presence in large quantities
Answer: D
55. How are secondary minerals derived?
A) Directly from magma
B) From the breakdown of other minerals
C) From chemical solutions
D) From volcanic eruptions
Answer: B
56. Which of the following is NOT a category of economic minerals?
A) Metallic minerals
B) Non-metallic minerals
C) Fuel minerals
D) Rare minerals
Answer: D
57. Which of the following is a precious metal?
A) Copper
B) Lead
C) Gold
D) Aluminium

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 Answer: C
58. Which of the following is a base metal?
A) Silver
B) Platinum
C) Copper
D) Gold
Answer: C
59. Which of the following is a steel industry metal?
A) Aluminium
B) Magnesium
C) Iron
D) Titanium
Answer: C
60. Which of the following is a light metal?
A) Iron
B) Nickel
C) Aluminium
D) Chromium
Answer: C
61. Which of the following is an electronic industry metal?
A) Uranium
B) Radium
C) Cadmium
D) Thorium
Answer: C
62. Which of the following is a radioactive metal?
A) Beryllium
B) Mercury
C) Selenium
D) Caesium
Answer: D
63. Which of the following is used as an insulating material?
A) Silica
B) Alumina
C) Mica
D) Zircon
Answer: C

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64. Which of the following is a refractory material?
A) Corundum
B) Emery
C) Silica
D) Garnet
Answer: C
65. Which of the following is an abrasive?
A) Graphite
B) Corundum
C) Limestone
D) Baryte
Answer: B
66. Which of the following is a gem?
A) Rock salt
B) Borates
C) Diamond
D) Felspars
Answer: C
67. Which of the following is a general industrial mineral?
A) Anthracite
B) Coal
C) Phosphate rock
D) Oil shale
Answer: C
68. Which of the following is a solid fuel?
A) Petroleum oil
B) Natural gas
C) Anthracite
D) Liquid fuels
Answer: C
69. Which of the following is a liquid fuel?
A) Coal
B) Lignite
C) Oil shale
D) Petroleum oil
Answer: D
70. What type of minerals are feldspars?

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 A) Oxides
B) Carbonates
C) Silicates
D) Sulphides
Answer: C
71. What are feldspars composed of?
A) Aluminium with potash, soda, or lime
B) Iron and magnesium
C) Calcium and iron
D) Sodium and potassium
Answer: A
72. Which is the most common type of potash feldspar?
A) Plagioclase
B) Orthoclase
C) Muscovite
D) Biotite
Answer: B
73. What is the color of orthoclase?
A) Always black
B) White, grey, or pink
C) Always green
D) Always blue
Answer: B
74. What does orthoclase weather into?
A) Iron oxide
B) Hydrated silicate of aluminium (kaolin or china clay)
C) Magnesium oxide
D) Calcium carbonate
Answer: B
75. What are soda and lime feldspars known as?
A) Orthoclase
B) Plagioclase
C) Muscovite
D) Biotite
Answer: B
76. In which type of rocks do plagioclase feldspars commonly occur?
A) Sedimentary rocks

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 B) Metamorphic rocks
C) Igneous rocks, especially darker varieties rich in lime
D) All types of rocks
Answer: C
77. What is the specific gravity of plagioclase feldspars?
A) 2.0 to 2.2
B) 2.3 to 2.5
C) 2.6 to 2.7
D) 3.0 to 3.2
Answer: C
78. What is the hardness of feldspars?
A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8
Answer: C
79. What are the two main varieties of mica?
A) Orthoclase and Plagioclase
B) Muscovite and Biotite
C) Hornblende and Augite
D) Olivine and Quartz
Answer: B
80. What is the color of muscovite mica?
A) Black
B) White
C) Green
D) Brown
Answer: B
81. What is the composition of muscovite mica?
A) Silicate of aluminium and iron
B) Silicate of calcium and magnesium
C) Silicate of aluminium and potassium
D) Silicate of sodium and calcium
Answer: C
82. What is the color of biotite mica?
A) White
B) Black

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 C) Green
D) Pink
Answer: B
83. What is the composition of biotite mica?
A) Silicate of aluminium and potassium
B) Silicate of calcium and magnesium
C) Silicate of aluminium, iron, and magnesium
D) Silicate of sodium and calcium
Answer: C
84. What is the hardness of mica?
A) 2.5
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8
Answer: A
85. How many cleavage planes does mica have?
A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four
Answer: A
86. In which type of rocks is mica a common constituent?
A) Sedimentary rocks
B) Igneous rocks and crystalline schists
C) All types of rocks
D) Only volcanic rocks
Answer: B
87. What is the specific gravity of mica?
A) 2.0 to 2.5
B) 2.5 to 3.1
C) 3.1 to 3.5
D) 3.5 to 4.0
Answer: B
88. What are hornblende and augite?
A) Varieties of mica
B) Complex silicates of calcium, magnesium, and iron
C) Types of feldspars

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 D) Oxide minerals
Answer: B
89. What is another name for hornblende?
A) Augite
B) Amphibole
C) Pyroxene
D) Olivine
Answer: B
90. What is the general color of hornblende and augite?
A) White
B) Greenish black
C) Pink
D) Yellow
Answer: B
91. What is the crystal shape of hornblende?
A) Cubic
B) Hexagonal
C) Monoclinic
D) Tetragonal
Answer: B
92. In which type of rocks is hornblende found?
A) Sedimentary rocks
B) Most igneous rocks
C) Only metamorphic rocks
D) Only volcanic rocks
Answer: B
93. What is the specific gravity of hornblende?
A) 2.5
B) 3.0
C) 3.5
D) 4.0
Answer: B
94. What is the hardness of hornblende?
A) 2 to 3
B) 3 to 4
C) 5 to 6
D) 7 to 8

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 Answer: C
95. What is another name for augite?
A) Hornblende
B) Amphibole
C) Pyroxene
D) Olivine
Answer: C
96. How does augite differ in appearance from hornblende?
A) Augite is duller.
B) Augite is more brilliant.
C) Augite is lighter in color.
D) Augite has a different crystal shape.
Answer: B
97. What is the crystal shape of augite?
A) Hexagonal
B) Cubic
C) Monoclinic
D) Tetragonal
Answer: C
98. In which type of rocks is augite found?
A) Acid igneous rocks
B) Most basic igneous rocks
C) Sedimentary rocks
D) Metamorphic rocks
Answer: B
99. What does augite often alter to?
A) Quartz
B) Chlorite
C) Mica
D) Feldspar
Answer: B
100. What is the specific gravity of augite?

A) 2.5 to 3.0

B) 3.0 to 3.5

C) 3.5 to 4.0

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D) 4.0 to 4.5

Answer: B

101. What is the hardness of augite?

A) 2 to 3

B) 3 to 4

C) 5 to 6

D) 7 to 8

Answer: C

102. What is another name for olivine?

A) Hornblende

B) Peridot

C) Pyroxene

D) Augite

Answer: B

103. What is the composition of olivine?

A) Silicate of aluminium and potassium

B) Silicate of calcium and magnesium

C) Silicate of magnesium and iron

D) Silicate of sodium and calcium

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Answer: C

104. In which type of rocks is olivine found?

A) Acid igneous rocks

B) Basic igneous rocks

C) Sedimentary rocks

D) Metamorphic rocks

Answer: B

105. What is the typical color of olivine?

A) White

B) Black

C) Greenish

D) Brown

Answer: C

106. What mineral does olivine resemble in appearance?

A) Mica

B) Feldspar

C) Quartz

D) Hornblende

Answer: C

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 107. What is the specific gravity of olivine?

A) 2.0 to 2.5

B) 2.5 to 3.0

C) 3.2 to 4.0

D) 4.0 to 4.5

Answer: C

108. What is the hardness of olivine?

A) 2 to 3

B) 4 to 5

C) 6 to 7

D) 8 to 9

Answer: C

109. What are the minerals containing iron and magnesium collectively known as?

A) Alkali minerals

B) Ferro-magnesium minerals

C) Silicates

D) Carbonates

Answer: B

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 110. In which type of igneous rocks are ferro-magnesium minerals generally found
in abundance?
A) Acid igneous rocks

B) Basic igneous rocks

C) All igneous rocks

D) Only volcanic rocks

Answer: B

111. Which of the following is NOT a basic igneous rock?

A) Basalt

B) Dolerite

C) Granite

D) Peridotite

Answer: C

112. What is the chemical composition of quartz?

A) $Fe_2O_3$

B) $CaCO_3$

C) $SiO_2$

D) $Al_2O_3$

Answer: C

113. In which type of igneous rock is quartz an important constituent?

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A) Basic igneous rocks

B) Acid igneous rocks like granite

C) All igneous rocks

D) Only volcanic rocks

Answer: B

114. In which other rock type is quartz a chief constituent?

A) Shale

B) Sandstones

C) Limestone

D) Marble

Answer: B

115. What is the specific gravity of quartz?

A) 2.0

B) 2.6

C) 3.2

D) 4.0

Answer: B

116. What is the hardness of quartz?

A) 5

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B) 6

C) 7

D) 8

Answer: C

117. What is the chemical composition of magnetite?

A) $Fe_2O_3$

B) $Fe_3O_4$

C) $SiO_2$

D) $Al_2O_3$

Answer: B

118. What is the color of magnetite?

A) Brown

B) Bluish black

C) Red

D) White

Answer: B

119. What are earthy varieties of magnetite known as?

A) Limonite

B) Bauxite

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C) Red ochre

D) Hematite

Answer: C

120. What is the streak color of magnetite?

A) Brown

B) Yellowish brown

C) Cherry red

D) Black

Answer: C

121. What is the specific gravity of magnetite?

A) 2.5 to 3.5

B) 3.5 to 4.5

C) 4.5 to 5.3

D) 5.3 to 6.0

Answer: C

122. What is the hardness of magnetite?

A) 4

B) 5

C) 6

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D) 7

Answer: C

123. What is the chemical composition of limonite?

A) $Fe_2O_3$

B) $Fe_3O_4$

C) $2Fe_2O_3 \cdot 3H_2O$

D) $Al_2O_3 \cdot H_2O$

Answer: C

124. What is the color of limonite?

A) Bluish black

B) Brown or nearly black

C) Cherry red

D) White

Answer: B

125. What is the streak color of limonite?

A) Cherry red

B) Greenish black

C) Yellowish brown

D) White

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Answer: C

126. What is the specific gravity of limonite?

A) 2.0 to 2.5

B) 2.5 to 3.0

C) 3.6 to 4.0

D) 4.0 to 4.5

Answer: C

127. What is the hardness of limonite?

A) 3

B) 4

C) 5

D) 6

Answer: C

128. What is the essential composition of bauxite?

A) Iron oxide

B) Hydrated aluminium oxide

C) Silicon dioxide

D) Calcium carbonate

Answer: B

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 129. What is the color of bauxite?

A) Red

B) Brown

C) Dry white

D) Black

Answer: C

130. How does bauxite form?

A) From volcanic eruptions

B) From the decay and weathering of aluminium rocks

C) From the deposition of sediments

D) From metamorphic processes

Answer: B

131. Under what conditions does bauxite typically form?

A) Arctic conditions

B) Temperate conditions

C) Tropical conditions

D) Desert conditions

Answer: C

132. What is the specific gravity of bauxite?

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A) 2.0

B) 2.5

C) 3.0

D) 3.5

Answer: D

133. What is the hardness of bauxite?

A) 2.5

B) 4

C) 6

D) 8

Answer: A

134. What is a common characteristic of all carbonates?

A) They are magnetic.

B) They effervesce when treated with dilute hydrochloric acid.

C) They are very hard.

D) They are always black in color.

Answer: B

135. What is the chemical composition of calcite?

A) $FeCO_3$

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B) $CaCO_3$

C) $CaMg(CO_3)_2$

D) $SiO_2$

Answer: B

136. What is calcite an essential constituent of?

A) Granite

B) Sandstone

C) Marble, chalk, or limestone

D) Shale

Answer: C

137. What is the color of calcite?

A) Always brown

B) White or colorless

C) Always black

D) Always green

Answer: B

138. What is the streak color of calcite?

A) Brown

B) Red

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C) White

D) Black

Answer: C

139. What is the specific gravity of calcite?

A) 2.0

B) 2.3

C) 2.6

D) 2.9

Answer: D

140. What is the hardness of calcite?

A) 2

B) 3

C) 4

D) 5

Answer: B

141. What is the chemical composition of siderite?

A) $CaCO_3$

B) $FeCO_3$

C) $CaMg(CO_3)_2$

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D) $SiO_2$

Answer: B

142. What is the color of siderite?

A) White

B) Brown in various shades

C) Black

D) Green

Answer: B

143. What is the streak color of siderite?

A) Brown

B) Red

C) White

D) Black

Answer: C

144. What is the specific gravity of siderite?

A) 2.5 to 3.0

B) 3.0 to 3.5

C) 3.7 to 3.9

D) 4.0 to 4.5

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Answer: C

145. What is the hardness of siderite?

A) 2

B) 3

C) 4

D) 5

Answer: C

146. What is the chemical composition of dolomite?

A) $CaCO_3$

B) $FeCO_3$

C) $CaMg(CO_3)_2$

D) $SiO_2$

Answer: C

147. What type of mineral is dolomite?

A) A silicate of calcium and magnesium

B) A carbonate of calcium and magnesium

C) An oxide of calcium and magnesium

D) A sulphide of calcium and magnesium

Answer: B

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 148. Which minerals constitute the larger bulk of limestones?

A) Calcite and siderite

B) Siderite and dolomite

C) Calcite and dolomite

D) Quartz and calcite

Answer: C

149. Where else can calcite and dolomite be found, besides in limestones?

A) In igneous rocks as primary minerals

B) In igneous rocks as secondary minerals

C) Only in sedimentary rocks

D) Only in metamorphic rocks

Answer: B

150. What is the specific gravity of dolomite?

A) 2.0

B) 2.5

C) 3.0

D) 3.5

Answer: C

151. What is the hardness of dolomite?

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A) 2

B) 3

C) 4

D) 5

Answer: C

152. Which of the following is a common sulphide mineral?

A) Calcite

B) Siderite

C) Iron pyrite

D) Dolomite

Answer: C

153. What is the chemical composition of iron pyrite?

A) $FeCO_3$

B) $CaMg(CO_3)_2$

C) $FeS_2$

D) $PbS$

Answer: C

154. What is the color of iron pyrite?

A) Grey

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B) Brass yellow

C) Brown

D) Black

Answer: B

155. Where can iron pyrite sometimes be found?

A) In limestone

B) In sandstone

C) Interspersed in a coal seam

D) In granite

Answer: C

156. What is the streak color of iron pyrite?

A) Black

B) Reddish brown

C) Greenish or brownish black

D) White

Answer: C

157. What is a characteristic of coal containing iron pyrite?

A) It is less liable to spontaneous heating.

B) It is more liable to spontaneous heating.

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C) It burns with a blue flame.

D) It is of very high quality.

Answer: B

158. What is the specific gravity of iron pyrite?

A) 2.0 to 3.0

B) 3.0 to 4.0

C) 4.8 to 5.1

D) 5.1 to 6.0

Answer: C

159. What is the hardness of iron pyrite?

A) 2 to 3

B) 3 to 4

C) 4.5 to 5.5

D) 6 to 6.5

Answer: D

160. What is the chemical composition of galena?

A) $FeS_2$

B) $ZnS$

C) $PbS$

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D) $Cu_2S \cdot Fe_2S_3$

Answer: C

161. What is the color of galena?

A) Yellow

B) Grey

C) Brown

D) Black

Answer: B

162. What is the streak color of galena?

A) Yellow

B) Grey

C) Brown

D) Black

Answer: B

163. What is the specific gravity of galena?

A) 2.5 to 3.5

B) 4.0 to 5.0

C) 5.0 to 6.0

D) 7.2 to 7.7

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Answer: D

164. What is the hardness of galena?

A) 2.5

B) 3.5

C) 4.5

D) 5.5

Answer: A

165. What is another name for sphalerite?

A) Galena

B) Blende

C) Chalcopyrite

D) Iron pyrite

Answer: B

166. What is the chemical composition of sphalerite?

A) $PbS$

B) $ZnS$

C) $FeS_2$

D) $Cu_2S \cdot Fe_2S_3$

Answer: B

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 167. What is the usual color of sphalerite?

A) Grey

B) Yellow

C) Brown or black

D) Green

Answer: C

168. What is the streak color of sphalerite?

A) Grey

B) Yellow

C) Reddish brown

D) Greenish black

Answer: C

169. What is the specific gravity of sphalerite?

A) 2.0 to 3.0

B) 3.0 to 4.0

C) 3.9 to 4.2

D) 4.2 to 5.0

Answer: C

170. What is the hardness of sphalerite?

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A) 2.5

B) 3.5

C) 4.5

D) 5.5

Answer: B

171. What is another name for chalcopyrite?

A) Galena

B) Blende

C) Copper pyrite

D) Iron pyrite

Answer: C

172. What is the chemical composition of chalcopyrite?

A) $PbS$

B) $ZnS$

C) $FeS_2$

D) $Cu_2S \cdot Fe_2S_3$

Answer: D

173. What is the color of chalcopyrite?

A) Grey

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B) Golden yellow

C) Brown

D) Black

Answer: B

174. What is the streak color of chalcopyrite?

A) Grey

B) Yellow

C) Reddish brown

D) Greenish black

Answer: D

175. What is the specific gravity of chalcopyrite?

A) 2.0 to 3.0

B) 3.0 to 4.0

C) 4.1 to 4.3

D) 4.3 to 5.0

Answer: C

176. What is the hardness of chalcopyrite?

A) 2.5 to 3

B) 3 to 4

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C) 3.5 to 4

D) 4 to 5

Answer: B

177. What is the chemical composition of gypsum?

A) $CaCO_3$

B) $CaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2O$

C) $NaCl$

D) $Al_2O_3 \cdot 2SiO_2 \cdot 2H_2O$

Answer: B

178. What type of mineral is gypsum?

A) Sulphide

B) Sulphate

C) Carbonate

D) Oxide

Answer: B

179. What is the color of gypsum crystals?

A) Always black

B) Colorless

C) Always green

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D) Always yellow

Answer: B

180. What are some other possible colors of gypsum?

A) White or grey

B) Red or blue

C) Green or yellow

D) Brown or black

Answer: A

181. What is made from gypsum?

A) Glass

B) Cement

C) Plaster of Paris

D) Steel

Answer: C

182. How is Plaster of Paris made from gypsum?

A) By adding water

B) By heating it to expel some of its water of crystallization and then grinding it

C) By cooling it rapidly

D) By mixing it with sand

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Answer: B

183. What is the specific gravity of gypsum?

A) 1.8

B) 2.0

C) 2.3

D) 2.7

Answer: C

184. What is the hardness of gypsum?

A) 1

B) 2

C) 3

D) 4

Answer: B

185. What is the chemical composition of rock salt?

A) $CaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2O$

B) $CaCO_3$

C) $NaCl$

D) $Al_2O_3 \cdot 2SiO_2 \cdot 2H_2O$

Answer: C

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 186. What is another name for rock salt?

A) Gypsum

B) Common salt

C) Calcite

D) Halite

Answer: B

187. What is the color of pure rock salt?

A) Always red

B) Colorless or white

C) Always black

D) Always yellow

Answer: B

188. What is the specific gravity of rock salt?

A) 1.8

B) 2.0

C) 2.2

D) 2.5

Answer: C

189. What is the hardness of rock salt?

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A) 1

B) 2

C) 3

D) 4

Answer: B

190. What is the chemical composition of kaolin?

A) $CaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2O$

B) $CaCO_3$

C) $NaCl$

D) $Al_2O_3 \cdot 2SiO_2 \cdot 2H_2O$

Answer: D

191. What is another name for kaolin?

A) Gypsum

B) China clay

C) Calcite

D) Rock salt

Answer: B

192. How can kaolin be described?

A) As a hard, black mineral

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B) As a soft, white, clayey material

C) As a crystalline solid

D) As a type of rock

Answer: B

193. What happens to kaolin when pressed between the fingers?

A) It becomes harder.

B) It melts.

C) It crumbles to powder.

D) It becomes sticky.

Answer: C

194. What do feldspars decompose

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