Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS)

1. Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) primarily focus on:

a) Western scientific principles
b) Traditional knowledge systems and practices passed down through generations
c) Only modern scientific techniques
d) Mathematical theories of the West

Answer: b) Traditional knowledge systems and practices passed down through generations

2. Indian Knowledge Systems are essential for preserving:

a) Scientific progress
b) Cultural heritage and sustainable practices
c) Only religious texts
d) Globalization

Answer: b) Cultural heritage and sustainable practices

3. Which of the following is an example of Indian Knowledge Systems?

a) Yoga and Ayurveda
b) European philosophy
c) The scientific method
d) Industrial production

Answer: a) Yoga and Ayurveda

4. The primary aim of Indian Knowledge Systems is to:

a) Focus only on material progress
b) Provide practical solutions based on ancient knowledge and wisdom
c) Focus only on spiritual practices
d) Reject any foreign influences

Answer: b) Provide practical solutions based on ancient knowledge and wisdom

5. The Vedic corpus is considered to be the oldest body of texts in which religion?
a) Buddhism
b) Hinduism
c) Jainism
d) Christianity

Answer: b) Hinduism

6. Which of the following is NOT a Vedic text?

a) Rigveda
b) Upanishads
 c) Mahabharata
d) Yajurveda

Answer: c) Mahabharata

7. Which Veda contains hymns and praises to various deities?

a) Yajurveda
b) Rigveda
c) Atharvaveda
d) Samaveda

Answer: b) Rigveda

8. What is considered the main form of Indian knowledge in its verbal form?
a) Upanishads
b) Puranas
c) Vedas
d) Shastras

Answer: c) Vedas

9. How many main Vedas are there?

a) Two
b) Three
c) Four
d) Six

Answer: c) Four

10. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a component needed to understand the
Vedas?
a) Shiksha
b) Kalpa
c) Tantra
d) Jyotisha

Answer: c) Tantra

11. Which of the following statements about Indian philosophical schools is most accurate?
a) All six astika philosophies reject Vedic authority
b) Charvaka, Jain, and Buddhist philosophies are considered astika
c) MimamsaShastra primarily focuses on refuting arguments
d) Vedanta encompasses diverse theories explaining concepts like soul, world, and God
Answer: d) Vedanta encompasses diverse theories explaining concepts like soul, world, and God
 12. The Upanishads are primarily associated with which Vedic text?
a) Atharvaveda
b) Yajurveda
c) Rigveda
d) The Vedanta

Answer: d) The Vedanta

13. Which of the following Vedic texts is considered the 'Veda of rituals'?
a) Yajurveda
b) Rigveda
c) Samaveda
d) Atharvaveda

Answer: a) Yajurveda

14. The main focus of Sankhya philosophy is:

a) The nature of the soul and its liberation
b) Logical reasoning and debate
c) The existence of one supreme god
d) The analysis of the material world through the concept of Purusha and Prakriti

Answer: d) The analysis of the material world through the concept of Purusha and Prakriti

15. The ultimate goal in the philosophy of Vedanta is:

a) The acquisition of material wealth
b) The realization of one's unity with Brahman
c) The defeat of one's enemies
d) The creation of more philosophical schools

Answer: b) The realization of one's unity with Brahman

16. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of the Nyaya school of Indian
philosophy?
a) Focus on yoga and meditation
b) Emphasis on logic and reasoning
c) Belief in a formless god
d) Emphasis on emotional expression

Answer: b) Emphasis on logic and reasoning

17. The concept of 'Karma' in Indian philosophy primarily refers to:

a) The universal soul
b) Actions that lead to future consequences
c) The nature of ultimate reality
d) The power of divine beings
Answer: b) Actions that lead to future consequences

18. The Bhagavad Gita is a philosophical dialogue between:

a) Buddha and his disciples
b) Arjuna and Krishna
c) Shankaracharya and his followers
d) King Janaka and Ashtavakra

Answer: b) Arjuna and Krishna

19. Indian Knowledge Systems have contributed to:

a) Western technological advancements
b) Sustainable agriculture practices and environmental care
c) Political governance systems in Europe
d) Industrial growth in Asia

Answer: b) Sustainable agriculture practices and environmental care

20. The importance of preserving Indian Knowledge Systems lies in:

a) Proving superiority over Western systems
b) The practical, age-old wisdom for contemporary challenges
c) Teaching only traditional forms of knowledge
d) Emphasizing materialism over spirituality

Answer: b) The practical, age-old wisdom for contemporary challenges

21. Which of the following is a characteristic of Indian Knowledge Systems?

a) Focus on personal material growth
b) Emphasis on holistic development of mind, body, and environment
c) Rejection of all scientific progress
d) Exclusivity to religious practices

Answer: b) Emphasis on holistic development of mind, body, and environment

22. How many shlokas does the Mahabharata contain?

a) 24,000
b) 50,000
c) 75,000
d) 100,000

Answer: d) 100,000

23. Which of the following is NOT one of the six astika (orthodox) philosophies?
a) Sankhya
b) Yoga
c) Charvaka
d) Nyaya
Answer: c) Charvaka

24. What is the primary purpose of NyayaShastra?

a) Understanding Vedic sentences
b) Describing the nature of deities
c) Refuting arguments and establishing truth
d) Explaining soul and world

Answer: c) Refuting arguments and establishing truth

25. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a part of Tantra-Agama?

a) Shaivagama
b) Shaktagama
c) Vaishnavagama
d) Buddhagama

Answer: d) Buddhagama

26. How many main Puranas are mentioned in the text?

a) 6
b) 12
c) 18
d) 24

Answer: c) 18

27. Which branch of Indian literature includes both predictive and mathematical aspects?
a) Ayurveda
b) Jyotisha Shastra
c) Dharma Shastra
d) Mimamsa Shastra

Answer: b) Jyotisha Shastra

28. Which of the following combinations correctly matches the components of Indian literature with
their primary functions or characteristics?
I. Shiksha - Sound and word knowledge of Vedas
II. Grihya-sutras - Expansion of Vedic mantras
III. Dharma-sutras - Rules and prohibitions according to Vedic dharma
IV. Jyotisha - Only predictive aspects of astrology
V. Ayurveda - Both ancient and modern medical principles

a) I, II, and III only

b) I, III, and V only
c) II, III, and IV only
d) I, III, IV, and V only

Answer: b) I, III, and V only

 29. Which of the following best distinguishes traditional knowledge from indigenous
knowledge?
a) Traditional knowledge is universal, while indigenous knowledge is specific to a
particular community
b) Traditional knowledge is purely religious, while indigenous knowledge is scientific
c) Indigenous knowledge rejects all modern technology
d) There is no difference between them

Answer: a) Traditional knowledge is universal, while indigenous knowledge is specific to a

particular community

30. Indigenous knowledge is often passed down through:

a) Formal educational institutions
b) Written books and research papers
c) Oral traditions, customs, and practices
d) Scientific journals

Answer: c) Oral traditions, customs, and practices

31. Which of the following is NOT an example of indigenous knowledge?

a) The sustainable farming techniques of indigenous communities
b) Knowledge about the local ecosystem and plant life
c) Modern scientific research published in journals
d) Traditional medicinal practices based on local herbs

Answer: c) Modern scientific research published in journals

32. What is the total number of mantras in Samaveda according to the text?
a) 650
b) 1225
c) 1875
d) 5987

Answer: c) 1875

33. Which Veda is described as an encyclopedia of knowledge encompassing Vedic-era civilization,

culture, knowledge, and science?
a) Rigveda
b) Yajurveda
c) Samaveda
d) Atharvaveda

Answer: d) Atharvaveda
 34. How many types of Vedangas are there?
a) Four
b) Five
c) Six
d) Eight

Answer: c) Six

35. Which Vedanga is considered the "mouth of the Veda Purusha"?

a) Shiksha
b) Vyakarana
c) Nirukta
d) Chhanda

Answer: b) Vyakarana

36. How many types of Kalpa are mentioned in the text?

a) Two
b) Three
c) Four
d) Five

Answer: c) Four

37. .According to the text, how many Puranas are there?

a) 12
b) 16
c) 18
d) 24

Answer: c) 18

38. Who is credited with composing the Puranas?

a) Yaska Acharya
b) Maharishi Vyasa
c) Maharishi Gautama
d) Rishi Jaimini

Answer: b) Maharishi Vyasa

39. Which philosophy is divided into Purva and Uttara?

a) Nyaya
b) Mimamsa
c) Vedanta
d) Sankhya

Answer: b) Mimamsa
 40. What is the primary aim of Indian Vedic culture according to the text?
a) To expound the dharma
b) To teach rituals
c) To explain creation
d) To promote astrology

Answer: a) To expound dharma

41. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a Dharmashastra in the text?

a) Manu Smriti
b) YajnavalkyaSmriti
c) HaritaSmriti
d) Bhagavad Gita

Answer: d) Bhagavad Gita

42. According to Shukraniti, of which Veda is Dhanurveda an Upaveda?

a) Rigveda
b) Yajurveda
c) Samaveda
d) Atharvaveda

Answer: c) Samaveda

43. Who is considered the founder of Vastu in North India?

a) Mayan
b) Vishwakarma
c) Kautilya
d) Bharatamuni
Answer: b) Vishwakarma

44. Which Vedanga is described as the "eyes of the Veda Purusha"?

a) Shiksha
b) Kalpa
c) Nirukta
d) Jyotisha
Answer: d) Jyotisha

45. Traditional knowledge systems emphasize:

a) Universal truths applicable to all cultures
b) Spirituality, harmony with nature, and sustainability
c) Immediate, short-term practical benefits
d) Strict adherence to written documentation

Answer: b) Spirituality, harmony with nature, and sustainability

46. Western knowledge systems are often characterized by:

a) A focus on empirical evidence and rational thinking
b) Mysticism and spiritual practices
 c) Strong emphasis on oral transmission
d) A rejection of scientific methods

Answer: a) A focus on empirical evidence and rational thinking

47. In contrast to traditional knowledge, Western knowledge often:

a) Focuses on practical solutions based on historical practices
b) Relies more on abstract reasoning and experimentation
c) Prioritizes harmony with nature
d) Ignores technological advances

Answer: b) Relies more on abstract reasoning and experimentation

48. Which of the following is a characteristic of traditional knowledge systems?

a) They focus solely on abstract theories and ideas
b) They involve a hands-on, experiential learning approach
c) They reject technological advances
d) They emphasize theoretical knowledge over practical application

Answer: b) They involve a hands-on, experiential learning approach

49. Which of the following is a potential benefit of integrating traditional knowledge with
modern Western knowledge?
a) The ability to blend sustainable practices with technological advancements
b) The creation of only traditional knowledge without any scientific basis
c) Rejecting scientific methods entirely
d) Dismissing the importance of indigenous practices

Answer: a) The ability to blend sustainable practices with technological advancements

50. One of the major challenges in the modern world that IKS can address is:
a) The depletion of natural resources and environmental degradation
b) The increasing influence of Western philosophies
c) The development of digital technologies
d) The promotion of global consumerism

Answer: a) The depletion of natural resources and environmental degradation

51. IKS has been instrumental in promoting:

a) Industrial revolution-style manufacturing techniques
b) Holistic approaches to healthcare such as Ayurveda and Yoga
c) Unquestioned adoption of Western educational practices
d) Complete reliance on digital technologies

Answer: b) Holistic approaches to healthcare such as Ayurveda and Yoga

 52. The concept of 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam' in Indian philosophy refers to:
a) The belief in one universal soul
b) The idea that the entire world is one family
c) The importance of family and community in individual life
d) The rejection of modern technological progress

Answer: b) The idea that the entire world is one family

53. Which of the following is an example of IKS integration with modern science?
a) The application of Ayurveda in treating modern health conditions
b) The rejection of all modern scientific techniques
c) The use of only traditional farming methods without technological aid
d) Complete reliance on Western medical practices

Answer: a) The application of Ayurveda in treating modern health conditions

54. Indian Knowledge Systems are increasingly seen as valuable for:

a) Their ability to offer practical solutions for contemporary challenges
b) Their rejection of Western thought and methodologies
c) Their focus on material progress without regard to sustainability
d) Their exclusive focus on religious texts and practices

Answer: a) Their ability to offer practical solutions for contemporary challenges

55. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the five special characteristics of Puranas?
a) Description of creation process
b) Description of four types of destructions
c) Description of 14 Manvantaras
d) Description of philosophical debates

Answer: d) Description of philosophical debates

56. In Ayurveda, who are considered the original teachers of this science?
a) Indra and Dhanvantari
b) Chyavana and Janaka
c) The Ashvini Kumars
d) Sushruta and Charaka

Answer: c) TheAshvini Kumars

57. What is the primary characteristic of oral tradition or oral culture?

a) It transmits knowledge through written texts
b) It passes knowledge from one generation to another orally
c) It is limited to a specific time period
d) It is attributed to a single person's knowledge

Answer: b) It passes knowledge from one generation to another orally

 58. Which texts in Indian literature are considered the most ancient and are called Shruti texts?
a) Puranas
b) Vedas
c) Upanishads
d) Epics

Answer: b) Vedas

59. What does "Shruti" mean in the context of Vedic texts?

a) That which is written
b) That which is seen
c) That which is heard
d) That which is memorized

Answer: c) That which is heard

60. How many arts are mentioned in Indian culture?

a) 16
b) 32
c) 64
d) 108

Answer: c) 64