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Grammar and Texts – Módulos

17 – Interrogative Pronouns

18 – Text: Pantanal – a Brazilian ecological sanctuary

19 – Text: Counterfeit goods

20 – Text: Aveda

21 – Adverbs

22 – Text: Advertisement

23 – Text: Unlikely drug traffickers

24 – Text: French website sells math answers…

The Statue of Liberty

17 Interrogative Pronouns

Há perguntas em inglês iniciadas por pronomes Who does she love? (objeto)
interrogativos para se obter informações do tipo: “quem,
o que, como, quando, onde?...”
auxiliar sujeito verbo
principal
WHAT = (o) que, qual
Funciona como sujeito ou objeto da oração. WHOM = quem
What makes you happy? (sujeito) Funciona só como objeto de oração ou após preposições.
Whom did you talk to yesterday? (objeto)
verbo objeto
principal
verbo sujeito verbo
What did you say? (objeto) auxiliar principal
To whom did you talk?
哭
auxiliar sujeito verbo
principal
WHICH = que, qual, quais
WHO = quem
Indica escolha ou opção.
Funciona como sujeito ou objeto da oração. Which shirt do you prefer: the blue one or the red one?
Who arrived late yesterday? (sujeito)

verbo principal Which of those ladies is your mother?

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• WHAT do you call...? = como se chama...? qual é o

WHERE = onde
nome...?
Where are you going tonight? What do you call this device?
• WHAT ... FOR? = por que? para que?
WHY = por que What are you doing this for?
Why don’t you come to the movies with us? • HOW
HOW FAR = qual é a distância?
WHEN = quando HOW DEEP = qual é a profundidade?
“When were you born?” “In 1970.” HOW LONG = qual é o comprimento?, quanto tempo?
HOW WIDE = qual é a largura?
HOW = como HOW TALL = qual é a altura? (pessoas)
HOW HIGH = qual é a altura? (coisas)
“How is his sister?” “Fine.” HOW OLD = qual é a idade?
HOW MUCH = quanto(a)?
WHOSE = de quem HOW MANY = quantos(as)?
“Whose dictionary is this?” “John’s.” HOW OFTEN = com que frequência?
HOW FAST = a que velocidade?
Formas compostas de WHAT e HOW
ATENÇÃO
• WHAT + be + like? = como é How do you do? = muito prazer
“What is your boyfriend like?”
“He’s tall and slim.”
No Portal Objetivo
Para saber mais sobre o assunto, acesse o PORTAL
• WHAT about...? = que tal, o que você acha de...? OBJETIVO (www.portal.objetivo.br) e, em “localizar”,
What about having lunch now? digite ING2M301
哭

Exercícios Resolvidos

Complete the following sentences with interrogatives.

D Who
_____________ phoned me a minute ago?
A Which
_____________ was the fastest runner: John or Jim?

B Why
_____________ did you have to go and talk to him about it? E whom
To _____________ did you send those flowers?
Now, he is very sad.

F How long does it take to finish this task?” “About twenty

“_____________
C What
______________ do you mean?
minutes”.

I. Complete with the missing interrogative.

D Whose
________________ pen are you using? Is it mine?
A Who
________________ went with you to London?

E Who/Whom
______________________ is your daughter going to marry?
B Which
________________ of these books is your favorite? My neighbor’s son.

C What
________________ is wrong with that exercise? F Where
________________ did you come from? Mexico.

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III. Translate into English.

7 When
________________ do you usually go to the movies?
On Saturdays.
A Como são seus vizinhos? Eles são barulhentos e mal-
educados.

8 How
________________ does she go to her aunt’s? By car. What are your neighbors like? They are noisy and impolite.

9 Why
________________ are you so sad?

J Who
________________ is speaking? Jane is.
B Que tal tomarmos um sorvete?

What about having an ice-cream?

II. Read the statements. Then ask questions about the
underlined words.

A Father has taken the newspaper.

Who has taken the newspaper?

C Quantos dólares você tem?

B They want to go out. How many dollars do you have?

What do they want (to do)?

D Quanto você geralmente gasta em roupas?

C That house is mine.
How much do you usually spend on clothes?
Whose house is that?

D I am coming back on Friday.

E Qual é a idade de sua mãe? Ela tem 48 anos.
When are you coming back?
How old is your mother? She is 48 years old.

E Mary married a sailor.

Who/Whom did Mary marry?

F Quantos alunos há em sua sala?

F I intend to remain here for two weeks. How many students are there in your classroom?

How long do you intend to remain here?

G She is a very charming girl.

What is she like? G De quem são aquelas mochilas?

Whose backpacks are those?
H Shoes are made of leather.

What are shoes made of?

H Com quem você foi ao cinema ontem?

I They were looking at the view.
With whom did you go to the movies yesterday?
Where were they looking at?
Whom (who) did you go to the movies with yesterday?
J Henry lives about three miles away.

How far does Henry live?

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18 Text

PANTANAL: A BRAZILIAN ECOLOGICAL SANCTUARY

KARIN DAUCH

The world’s largest flood plain measures 230,000 sq. km.

An area slightly smaller than Great Britain or seven times
bigger than Holland. About 140 sq. km. of the Pantanal, a
name derived from the word “pântano” which means swamp
in Portuguese, are located on Brazilian territory.
The rest of the morass land extends into Bolivia and
Paraguay. Deep in central-west Brazil, the Pantanal is the
world’s largest wetland. Tourists all over the planet travel to the
Pantanal for a sightseeing safari. No one ever leaves the jungle
disappointed. That region is a virtually unspoiled paradise for
Arara azul: endangered 650 species of exotic birds, 230 types of fish and a variety of
mammals and reptiles.
There are more than 15,000 animal species to be observed. Partially covered by water for half a year,
the region teems with relatively docile South American alligators, 20 foot sucuris (a snake related to the
anaconda), capivaras (the world’s largest rodent, who weighs around 30 kg), pumas, wild boars and rural
deer, besides more than 600 species of exotic birds.
The Pantanal has one of the richest and most interesting ecosystems. The region’s delicate ecology is
protected by its remote position in the heart of South America. But, like the Amazon rainforest, its
preservation is endangered. Ranchers, funds and government agencies fight to save the untouched fauna
and flora of that unique natural paradise.
(www.estado.com.br)

Exercícios Resolvidos

A Give the opposites of B Translate into Portuguese:

The Pantanal is the world’s largest flood plain.
a) the largest ⇒ _________________________________________
the smallest
O Pantanal é a maior planície alagada do mundo.

b) wide ⇒ ______________________________________________
narrow _

c) paradise ⇒ ___________________________________________
hell

d) more than ⇒ ___________________________________

less than _______

e) the richest ⇒ _________________________________________

the poorest

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VII. Try to guess the meanings of the underlined expressions.

VOCABULARY
I. Translate the title of the text. A to measure → ______________________________________
medir

Pantanal: um santuário ecológico brasileiro “Will the table fit in here?” “I don’t know – I’ll measure it.”

II. Match the columns.

B slightly → __________________________________________
levemente, um pouco
1. the largest 1 d a) terra She’s slightly taller than her sister.

2. sq. km 2 f b) querer dizer, significar

3. to mean 3 b c) deixar C disappointed → ____________________________________

decepcionado

4. land 4 a She was disappointed that they hadn’t phoned.

d) a maior

5. to leave 5 c e) paraíso

6. paradise 6 e f) quilômetro quadrado D unspoiled → _______________________________________

preservado, bem tratado
The Pantanal is considered to be an unspoiled area in Brazil.

III. Fill in the blanks using the vocabulary above. E to weigh → ________________________________________
pesar
The baby was in perfect health and weighed 3.8 kilograms
A land
After weeks at sea, the sailor was glad to see _____________. at birth.

B left
I ____________________ af five and went home.
F besides → _________________________________________
além de

What other subjects are you studying besides English?

C mean
What did you _______________ by that rude remark?

VIII.Fill in the blanks with the following expressions.

D paradise
The beautiful Caribbean island seemed like ______________.

flood plain – to teem with – rainforest –

IV. Turn into Portuguese. endangered – ranchers – to fight
“Deep in Central west Brazil…”

“Bem no meio do Centro-Oeste brasileiro…”

A rancher
A ______________ is someone who owns or works on a ranch.
V. Match the columns.
1. half a year 1 c a) intocado
B teemed with
The river ________________________ fish.
2. rodent 2 d b) único, fora de série
3. untouched 3 a c) meio ano
C rainforest
A __________________ is a forest in a tropical area which
4. unique 4 b d) roedor receives a lot of rain.

VI. These are animals which have appeared in the text. Which D fought in the fifties.
He’s a famous American boxer who _________
are they in Portuguese?

A alligator → __________________________________
jacaré
E Endangered
________________ species are animals that are in danger of
B 20 foot sucuris → ___________________________
sucuris de 20 pés _ dying out completely, often because of exploitation by
humans.
C wild boar → _________________________________
capivara

F flood plain
A ____________________ is an area of flat land beside a river
D deer → _____________________________________
veado
that is frequently flooded when the river becomes too full.

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IX. SWAMP, MORASS and WETLAND have the same X. Answer in English.
translation in Portuguese.

Translate:
A Is the Pantanal larger than Great Britain?

A Ancient plants like these are now found only in the No, it isn’t. It is smaller than Great Britain.
wetlands of Brazil.
B Where does the word “pantanal” come from?
Plantas antigas como estas agora só são encontradas nos pânta-
It comes from the word “pântano”.
nos do Brasil.

C Which countries does the Pantanal extend into?

B The ground is like a swamp after all that rain. It extends into Bolivia and Paraguay.

O solo está como um pântano após toda aquela chuva.

D How many animals species are there in the Pantanal?

There are more than 15,000 animal species in the Pantanal.

C The rain had turned the lane into a morass of mud. E What does the Pantanal have in common with the Amazon

A chuva tinha transformado o caminho em um pântano de lama.

rainforest, according to the text?

Both are in danger of disappearing.

ANOTAÇÕES
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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19 Text

COUNTERFEIT GOODS
Although counterfeit goods are costing companies shirt, even if it is an ugly colour and the crocodile is
around the world billions and billions of dollars in lost coming unstuck, is a sign that this person has probably
sales, most people are only too happy to take travelled far (although there are few countries now
advantage of the low-price, “imitation” goods on sale. where they are not available!).
Although they would never buy a fake watch or a fake Many major international manufacturing companies
Gucci handbag at home, people change their approach are very concerned because the counterfeit industry
when they travel abroad. They go to street markets and now makes up eight to nine per cent of all international
anywhere else where they can look for the counterfeit trade. No wonder companies and most governments in
“designer label” clothes and “Rolex” watches which the world are making serious efforts to stop it. But there
they know they can buy for a fraction of the price they are certainly quite a lot of people who hope that that
would have to pay back home. won’t happen too soon, so that they can have a bit more
In fact, bringing home a selection of fake goods is fun buying their “exclusive” perfume, their “designer”
part of the fun of travelling — “Do you like my ‘Rolex’? clothes and their “Rolex” watches first.
I got it for fifty dollars!” And the wearing of a “Lacoste” (Summertime, Mary Underwood – Book 4)

Exercícios Resolvidos

A Translate. B Write in English.

Aqueles relógios estão em liquidação naquele shopping.
a) although ⇒ ______________________________________________
embora
Those watches are on sale in that mall.

b) most people ⇒ __________________________________________

a maioria das pessoas

c) in fact ⇒ ________________________________________________
de fato

d) far ⇒ ___________________________________________________
longe

e) no wonder ⇒ ____________________________________________
não é de se espantar (de se admirar)

II. Match the columns.

VOCABULARY
1. lost sales 1 d a) sinal
I. Counterfeit goods is merchandise that is copied in order to
2. most people 2 g b) diversão
make someone believe that the copy is original.
3. low – price 3 h c) confecções
Translate the title of the passage.
4. street markets 4 e d) vendas perdidas
Produtos (mercadoria) falsificados
5. fun 5 b e) feiras
6. sign 6 a f) importantes
7. major 7 f g) a maioria das pessoas
8. manufacturing 8 c h) preço baixo
companies

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III. Match the columns (verbs).

C _________________:
On sale reduced in price.
ENGLISH PORTUGUESE

1. to travel abroad 1 e a) usar uma camisa

D _________________:
No wonder it is not surprising that...

2. to bring home 2 f b) acontecer

E Unstuck
________________: no longer attached or fixed.

3. to wear a shirt 3 a c) esperar

F Trade
________________: the activity of buying and selling, or
4. to make efforts 4 d d) fazer esforços exchanging, goods and/or services between people or
countries.
5. to hope 5 c e) viajar para o exterior
G To make up
_________________: to form, to compose, to constitute.
6. to happen 6 b f) trazer para casa

H To take advantage of
________________________: to benefit intentionally from
IV. Complete the following sentences with expressions from something.
the chart.

although – anywhere else – even if – so that I A fake object

___________________: an object which is made to look real
or valuable in order to deceive people.
A so that
Leave the keys out ________________ I remember to take
them with me.
J To be concerned
___________________: to be worried.

B Even if
______________ you take a taxi, you’ll still miss your plane.
TEXT COMPREHENSION
Read the newspaper report more carefully and write down
C Although
______________ exhausted, he insisted on coming with us. A the words in the first paragraph which tell you that people
like to buy cheap goods.

D anywhere else
I’m happier here than _________________________. “... people are only too happy to take advantage of the low-price,

‘imitation’ goods on sale.”

disponível
V. Available is a “false friend” and means ________________
Translate:
Today there are many more jobs available to women.

Hoje há muito mais empregos disponíveis para as mulheres. B the part of the second paragraph which tells you what
might be wrong with a fake Lacoste shirt.

“..., even if it is an ugly color and the crocodile is coming unstuck,…”

VI. Fill in the blanks with a word or expression from the box
below.
a fake object – label – to be concerned –
no wonder – to take advantage of – approach – C the words in the third paragraph which tell you that
to make up – on sale – unstuck – trade companies and governments are trying hard to stop the
sale of counterfeit goods

A Label
_______________: stuck to an object, telling you something
“... companies and most governments in the world are making
about it. serious efforts to stop it.”

B Approach
_________________: a new way of considering something.

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D the words in the third paragraph which tell you that many I explain the meaning of “designer clothes”.
people don’t feel that buying counterfeit goods is a serious
clothes that are made by famous designers
crime.
“..., so that they can have a bit more fun buying their...”

J a synonym for goods.

merchandise
E when people are likely to buy fakes.
when they are abroad
Write the Simple Past of

cost
cost = _____________________________________________
____

F the kinds of fakes that are popular.

paid
pay = ______________________________________________
____
Rolex watches, Gucci handbags and Lacoste shirts

take = _________________________________________________
took

brought
bring = ________________________________________________
G the translations of:
bought
buy = __________________________________________________
em liquidação
on sale: ________________ à venda
for sale: __________________
came
come = _______________________________________________

H the translation of: knew

know = ________________________________________________
“I got it for fifty dollars”.
made
make = _______________________________________________
“Eu o adquiri por 50 dólares.”

wear = ________________________________________________
wore

ANOTAÇÕES
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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20 Text

For more than a decade, Aveda has collaborated with the Yawanawa tribe in the Brazilian Amazon,
helping them to protect their cultural wisdom. We have worked together to responsibly grow and market
the red seed-pigment from the urukum palm. For centuries, this lush pigment has been used in daily life and
tribal ceremonies to decorate and protect the body and face.
Today, it’s also the natural colorant used to create Aveda’s
Uruku makeup for eyes, lips and cheeks. A ritual of pure
beauty for us – and a ritual of empowerment for the
Yawanawa. Working with Aveda has helped them live on the
land of their ancestors, keep their families intact and preserve
their ancient language in a book.
When you use Uruku makeup, you lend precious
support to a vanishing culture – and share in the
creative ritual passed down through generations of
Yawanawa people. Find Aveda at 866.814.0503 toll-
free or www.aveda.com.
(The Environmental Magazine)

Exercícios Resolvidos

According to Aztec mythology, the cacao tree was introduced to A According to the text,
mankind by the god Quetzalcoatl. The Aztec Indians learned to use the
a) the cacao beans were introduced to the Emperor Montezuma
cacao beans to make an unsweetened, bitter drink. Legend has it the for the first time in the mid-1600s.
Emperor Montezuma drank 50 golden goblets of “chocolatl” a day, b) the Aztec Indians were probably the first to turn the cacao
believing he was partaking of the spirit of the gods. In the early 1500s, beans into a drink, which was not sweet at all.

the Spanish explorer Hernando Cortez returned from conquering c) it was believed at the time of Montezuma that drinking hot
chocolate would turn human beings into gods.
Montezuma’s empire with, among other treasures, cacao beans. The
d) the Spaniards didn’t like to drink chocolate without adding
Spaniards eventually added sugar and spices and kept their recipe a some sugar to it but they didn’t have any available in the early
closely guarded secret for nearly 100 years. By the mid-1600s, the 1500s.
sweet reputation of cocoa swept through Europe and was the drink of e) Hernando Cortez introduced the cacao tree into Mexico long
before the plant was known by most Europeans.
choice of the aristocracy.
RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: B
Chocolate drinking arrived in the American colonies in 1765, when
Dr. James Baker opened the first colonial chocolate factory in B You can infer from the text that the __________________________
Massachusetts. While Americans were still drinking their chocolate, were the first to invent solid chocolate bars.
the British were inventing the processes that led to the first solid a) Americans b) Aztecs c) Mexicans
chocolate bars. d) Spaniards e) English
(The New York Times) RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: E

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IV. Match these expressions with their explanations.

VOCABULARY
1) to grow (H)
I. Translate the title of the text. 2) seed (C )
3) decade ( F )
Aveda: Arte e Ciência de Puras Essências Florais e Vegetais 4) century (A)
5) empowerment ( G )
6) ancient (D)
II. Write the Simple Past and Past Participle forms of the 7) wisdom (E )
following verbs and translate them: 8) ancestor (B )
a) one hundred years.
Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle Translation b) a person, usually no longer living, from whom a person
descends.
c) a part of a plant that a new plant will grow from if it is
1. to grow grew
____________ grown
____________ cultivar
____________
fertilized.
d) very old.
2. to preserve preserved preserved
____________ conservar
____________ e) intelligence, especially intelligence that is a result of
experience.
f) a period of ten years.
3. to share shared
____________ shared compartilhar
____________ g) power or authority to do something.
h) to cultivate and nourish plants.
marketed
4. to market ____________ marketed
____________ comercializar
____________

kept manter
V. Complete the following sentences. Use the words that
5. to keep kept ____________ ____________
appear in the chart.

6. to lend lent
____________ lent emprestar
____________ seed – toll-free – empowerment –
support – wisdom – lush

III. Match the columns. A empowerment

The _____________________ of women is a key element in
slowing population growth.
ENGLISH PORTUGUESE
B lush
They decided to stay in a ________________ hotel in Paris.
1. beauty 1 g a) maquiagem

2. decade 2 i b) ancestrais C Seeds

_________________ are the things that a plant produces
from which new plants grow.

3. together 3 c c) juntos
D support
Your __________________ is central to our survival.
4. makeup 4 a d) bochechas

5. lips 5 j e) que está desaparecendo E wisdom

He was able, with the ________________ of his years, to
take the right decision.
6. cheeks 6 d f) antiga
F If you don’t have money enough to make a call, make a
7. through 7 h g) beleza
toll-free
__________________ call.

8. ancient 8 f h) através
VI. Write in English.
9. ancestors 9 b i) década Quando você compra nossos produtos, você ajuda a proteger
nossas tribos.
10. vanishing 10 e j) lábios When you buy our products, you help to protect our tribes.

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VOCABULARY EXPANSION TEXT COMPREHENSION

Translate the underlined words and / or expressions: A According to the text,
A Fruit and vegetables are much cheaper in the market than
a) the red-seed pigment from Brazil is exported in order to be
used in the building trade.
in the supermarket.
b) the pigment from the urukum palm was discovered a
decade ago.
mercado
c) there is a kind of partnership between a Brazilian tribe and
a foreign company.
d) Aveda has been using the pigment from the urukum palm
B Under the old regime black marketeers would buy almost for centuries.
anything from western tourists and resell it at an e) Aveda has been manufacturing the red-seed pigment so
enormous profit. that the Brazilian culture may remain alive.
RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: C
cambistas

B We may infer from the text that

C She runs a stall in the open-air market as well as her shop a) the Yawanawa tribe is still living in the Brazilian Amazon
on the high street. because of the help they get from the urukum sales.
b) Aveda is an enterprise which aims at making women look
feira very pretty.
c) a book about the urukum palm was sent to Aveda on
request.
d) indigenous people in Brazil use the red-seed pigment daily,
although it is said to be harmful to their skin.
D We put our house on the market as soon as house prices e) The Yawanawa tribe sends the raw material Aveda needs
started to rise. to make its cosmetics and, in return, gets makeup for
eyes, lips and cheeks.
à venda RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: B

E I’m not in the market for another car at the moment. C In...
“We have worked together to responsibly grow...”, the
interessado em comprar underlined verb has the same meaning as
a) This plant grows best in the shade.
b) The male deer grows large branching horns called antlers.
c) He wanted to grow his hair long.
F Farmers and market gardeners have been badly affected d) One aim of psychotherapy is to enable people to grow in
by the drought. all their relationships.
e) The villagers grow coffee and maize to sell in the market.
chacareiros RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: E

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21 Adverbs

Adverb Order D. Advérbios de modo (SLOWLY, QUICKLY, GENTLY,

A. Advérbios de frequência (OFTEN, GENERALLY, SOFTLY, WELL, ...) aparecem normalmente no final da
SOMETIMES, NEVER, SELDOM, ALWAYS, ...) são oração. Alguns advérbios podem também aparecer no
colocados, de preferência, ANTES do verbo principal ou início de uma oração se quisermos enfatizá-los.
APÓS o verbo auxiliar ou o verbo be. She entered the room SLOWLY.
SLOWLY she entered the room.

They USUALLY watch TV in the evenings.

哭 • Grande parte dos advérbios de modo são formados
pelo acréscimo de LY ao adjetivo.
She SELDOM eats sweets.
哭 serious – seriousLY
She is ALWAYS late.
哭 careful – carefulLY
These curtains have NEVER been cleaned. quiet – quietLY
哭 heavy – heaviLY
• Expressões adverbiais de frequência são colocadas bad – badLY
no final ou no início de uma oração.
Porém, nem todas as palavras terminadas em LY são
They watch TV EVERY EVENING. advérbios.
ONCE A WEEK they go swimming. lonely = solitário (adjetivo)
lovely = encantador (adjetivo)
silly = tolo (adjetivo)
B. Advérbios de probabilidade (POSSIBLY, elderly = idoso (adjetivo)
PROBABLY, CERTAINLY, ...) são colocados antes do
verbo principal mas após be ou um verbo auxiliar.
E. Advérbios de lugar (HERE, THERE,
He PROBABLY knows her phone number. EVERYWHERE, ...) são usados no início ou no final de
哭
orações.
He is CERTAINLY at home now.
哭 You’ll find what you want HERE.
THERE comes the bus.
• PERHAPS e MAYBE aparecem normalmente no
começo de uma oração.
F. MODO, LUGAR, TEMPO
PERHAPS I’ll see her later. A posição normal dos advérbios numa oração é
MAYBE you’re right.
He did his job CAREFULLY AT HOME YESTERDAY.
MODO LUGAR TEMPO
C. Advérbios de tempo
(TODAY, TOMORROW,
NOW, SOON, LATELY, ...) são colocados no final ou no G. LUGAR, MODO, TEMPO
início de uma oração. Com verbos de movimento, a posição normal é
He bought a new camera YESTERDAY. She traveled TO LONDON BY PLANE LAST WEEK.
ON MONDAY I’m going to London.
LUGAR MODO TEMPO

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OBSERVAÇÕES B Atenção para as traduções de HARDLY e LATELY.

I can HARDLY move my feet. (advérbio)
↓
A FAST, HARD e LATE funcionam como adjetivos ou = mal, com dificuldade
advérbios.
John is a FAST runner. (adjetivo) I haven’t seen John, LATELY. (advérbio)
John runs very FAST. (advérbio) ↓
The train is very LATE. (adjetivo) = ultimamente
Jill arrived very LATE. (advérbio)
This is a HARD question. (adjetivo) C GOOD = bom (adjetivo) ≠ BAD = mau (adjetivo)
If you want to succeed, study HARD. (advérbio) WELL = bem (advérbio) ≠ BADLY = mal (advérbio)

Exercícios Resolvidos

Rewrite the sentences using the adverbs in brackets in their usual

position.
D The children play football. (on Mondays, at school)
RESOLUÇÃO:
A John fell off his bike. (almost) The children play football at school, on Mondays.
RESOLUÇÃO: John almost fell off his bike.

B Peter doesn’t get up before 7. (usually)

E He drives his car. (carefully)
RESOLUÇÃO: Peter doesn’t usually get up before 7.
RESOLUÇÃO: He drives his car carefully.

C Have you been to London? (ever)

RESOLUÇÃO: Have you ever been to London?

I. Put the words in brackets into the sentences in the correct E I posted your letters (early this morning / in the town
order. center).

A They watch TV in the evening (usually).

I posted your letter in the town center early this morning.

They usually watch TV in the evening.

F She played the guitar (at the concert / last night / beautifully).

B I’ve eaten Indian food (never). She played the guitar beautifully at the concert last night.

I’ve never eaten Indian food.

G John watches television (hardly ever) and reads

C I brush my teeth (always / three times a day). newspapers (rarely).

John hardly ever watches television and rarely reads newspapers.

I always brush my teeth three times a day.

D His car has been stolen (probably). H Let’s go (at 7 o’clock / tonight / to the movies).
His car has probably been stolen. Let’s go to the movies at 7 o’clock tonight.

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I The traffic isn’t as bad as it was this morning (usually). III. Complete the following sentences with HARD, HARDLY,
LATE, LATELY, BAD or BADLY.
The traffic isn’t usually as bad as it was this morning.

A hardly
Can you speak louder? I can __________________ hear you.

J It snowed (yesterday evening / heavily / in the north of

Canada).

It snowed heavily in the north of Canada yesterday evening. B late

You’ll be ____________ for your flight if you don’t hurry up.

C bad
Our holiday was spoiled by __________________ weather.
II. Choose two words (one from each box) to complete each
sentence.

reasonably – incredibly expensive – organised

unusually – totally disappointed – injured
D hard
It is _________________ to say which of them is lying.

badly – extremely easy – destroyed

bitterly – seriously fast – quiet

E hardly
He ___________________ spoke to me at the party.

A bitterly
She was ______________________ disappointed
____________________
that she failed the examination.

F lately
Have you been doing anything interesting ____________?
B badly organised
The meeting was ___________________________________.

C incredibly
Most children learn English ___________________________
G badly
She doesn’t deserve to be treated so _________________.
fast
___________________.

D seriously
The boys were ______________________________________ H hard
The ground is impossible to dig – it is as _______________
as a rock.
injured
__________________________ in the accident.

E totally
Their house was ____________________________________ I badly
These shoes are really _________________ made.

destroyed
_____________________ in the accident.

F reasonably easy
The test was _______________________________________. J late
Summer started ____________________ that year.

G extremely
I can’t afford to buy that dress. It’s _____________________

expensive
No Portal Objetivo
________________________.

Para saber mais sobre o assunto, acesse o PORTAL

H She’s a very talkative person, but today she is _______ OBJETIVO (www.portal.objetivo.br) e, em “localizar”,
digite ING2M302
unusually quiet
__________________________________________.

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22 Text

ADVERTISEMENT
Here are just three reasons why we think your
investments in Brazil have a solid foundation:
Resources: Brazil is a country of vast natural resources.
We are the world’s largest producer of sugar cane and
coffee, and our other exports include cocoa, orange juice,
and soya beans. In addition, the poultry, pork and milk
industries have undergone rapid growth in the last decade.
We are one of the world’s leading producers of
hydroelectric power, which accounts for 90% of the
country’s own electricity. Our extensive mineral resources
are iron, manganese, nickel, tin, bauxite, and copper…the
list continues. We have proven oil reserves of 15 billion
barrels and expertise in deep-water prospecting. These
resources are no longer exploited at the cost of the
environment. The government is getting serious about
sustainability. We recently adopted an Environmental
Crimes Law to combat deforestation in the Amazon.
Stability: Since 1994, the Real Plan has brought
rampant inflation under control. And the introduction of a
policy of fiscal prudence continues to this day. The
economy showed steady GDP growth of 2.2% in the
period 2001-08 Unemployment is under 10%. Trade has
doubled since 1990, as has US direct investment following a sharp reduction in import tariffs. Brazil is
now the 8th largest economy in the world.
Services: We have a diverse and sophisticated services sector. Take Financial Services, for example,
which has recently seen significant structural reform to attract foreign capital. The result has been a huge
increase in investment from the USA alone. Brazilians are as technology-hungry as anywhere in the world.
You used to wait years to have a telephone installed. Today there are 70 million mobile phones and over
25 million internet users.
Think of the future. Think Brazil…
(Adapted from http://www.britishcouncil.org)

Exercícios Resolvidos

Recently launched into the “real world” and shocked by the A A palavra que falta no 2.o parágrafo do texto é:
expenses that came with it, my brother Dustin was complaining about a) sooner b) lower c) higher
the high cost of auto insurance. d) earlier e) sadder
“If you got married,” teased my dad, “the premium would be RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: B
__________.”
Dustin smiled. “That’d be like buying an airline just to get free B “Peanuts”, na última linha do texto deve ser traduzido por
peanuts.” a) bilhetes. b) assentos. c) amendoins.
(Reader’s Digest) (UNIP) d) refeições. e) passageiros.
RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: C

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V. Read the following sentences and translate the

VOCABULARY
expressions that are underlined.
I. Brazil’s natural resources.
A
sugar cane → ______________________________
cana-de-açúcar a) The city center has undergone a transformation.
b) “Poultry, pork and milk industries have undergone rapid
coffee → _________________________________
café _ growth…” (in the text)

cocoa → __________________________
cacau _________ ⇒ to undergo = ______________________________________
passar por

B
orange juice → _____________________________
suco de laranja a) Bad weather accounts for long delays at airports.
b) “Hydroelectric power accounts for 90% of the country’s
soya beans → ______________________________
soja own electricity.” (in the text)

⇒ to account for = ___________________________________

ser responsável por
II. Brazil’s important industries.
C
a) Politicians should not exploit the poor in their campaigns.
poultry → __________________________________
aves (como alimento)
b) “These resources are no longer exploited at the cost of the
environment.” (no texto)
pork → ____________________________________
carne suína
⇒ to exploit = _______________________________________
explorar
milk → ____________________________________
leite

VI. In paragraph 2 there are three important adjectives:

III. Brazil’s mineral resources.
a) RAMPANT
Something is described as rampant when it is spreading
iron → ____________________________________
ferro _ quickly and is affecting a large number of people.
Translate
manganese → _____________________________
manganês _
corrupção desenfreada
Rampant corruption = ________________________________
nickel → ___________________________________
niquel
inflação desenfreada
Rampant inflation = __________________________________
tin → _____________________________________
zinco _
b) STEADY
If something is steady it is stable and does not go up or
bauxite → _________________________________
bauxita _ down suddenly.

copper → __________________________________
cobre Translate
preços estáveis
Steady prices = ______________________________________
oil → ______________________________________
petróleo
crescimento estável, constante
Steady growth = _____________________________________

IV. Match the columns. c) SHARP

Sharp means happening suddenly and quickly and strongly.
ENGLISH PORTUGUESE
1. foundation 1 h a) principais Translate
aumento acentuado
Sharp increase = _____________________________________
2. growth 2 d b) habilidades, perícia

3. leading 3 a c) meio-ambiente redução acentuada

Sharp reduction = ____________________________________
4. proven 4 f d) crescimento
5. expertise 5 b e) desmatamento VII. Don’t confound
Police → ___________________________________________
polícia
6. no longer 6 g f) comprovadas
I’ll call the police if you don’t stop bothering me.
7. environment 7 c g) não mais
Policy → ___________________________________________
política, atitude
8. deforestation 8 e h) base
Honesty is the best policy.

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VIII. GDP stands for Gross Domestic Product → B De acordo com o texto, com que finalidade foi adotada a
Produto Interno Bruto (PIB)
Environmental Crimes Law?
___________________________________________________.
Para combater o desmatamento na Amazônia.

IX. Match the columns.

ENGLISH PORTUGUESE
1. to show 1 f a) comércio
2. unemployment 2 h b) estrangeiro
C Cite uma grande conquista do Plano Real.

Controlar a desenfreada inflação brasileira.

3. trade 3 a c) famintos
4. foreign 4 b d) mais de
5. huge 5 e e) enorme
6. hungry 6 c f) mostrar
D Cite dois dados que mostrem o crescimento do setor de
7. anywhere 7 g g) (em) qualquer (outro) lugar serviços no Brasil.
8. over 8 d h) desemprego
Atualmente há 70 milhões de celulares e mais de 25 milhões de

usuários de internet no Brasil.

TEXT COMPREHENSION
A Cite as principais exportações do Brasil.

Cana de açúcar, café, cacau, suco de laranja e soja.

ANOTAÇÕES
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

294 INGLÊS
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23 Text

UNLIKELY DRUG TRAFFICKERS

Things were going so well. The test for the sniffer dogs was
going to plan. The customs officers at Narita Airport in Japan
had placed 142 grams of cannabis into a black suitcase
chosen at random and then the dogs were sent in to find it.
Unfortunately, they didn’t. The officials then realized that they
hadn’t made a note of which bag the drugs were hidden in,
so somebody caught a flight from Tokyo unwittingly carrying
a stash of marijuana! Are the customs officials at their
destination likely to believe the traveller’s protests of
innocence? No chance!
(Think in English)

Exercícios Resolvidos

A Assinale a opção que NÃO descreve benefícios apontados na

figura.
a) Sapatos com velcro e fáceis de fechar.
b) Calça comprida com elástico na cintura.
c) Bolso com fecho especial para guloseimas.
d) Blusa sintética e aderente a pele.
e) Jaqueta resistente ao vento.
RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: D

B Considere as seguintes afirmações:

I. As listas verticais indicadas afinam a silhueta.
II. A figura mostra sapatos que não se desgastam com o tempo.
III. Inactive Wear é apropriada para praticantes de exercícios
físicos.
Está(ão) correta(s):
a) apenas a I. b) apenas a II. c) apenas a III.
d) apenas a I e II. d) todas.
RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: A

(ITA)

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IV. Fill in with the missing verb forms.

VOCABULARY
Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle
I. LIKELY – UNLIKELY
1. to go went
________________ gone
________________
Translate the underlined expressions.

A 2. to choose chose
________________ chosen
________________
What’s the most likely cause of the explosion?
Smokers are more likely to get pneumonia.
3. to send sent
________________ sent
________________
* provável, prováveis
likely = ___________________________________
4. to find found
________________ found
________________

B It’s unlikely that she’ll come tomorrow. 5. to make made

________________ made
________________
It’s unlikely to rain this afternoon.
6. to hide hid
________________ hidden
________________
* improvável
unlikely = _________________________________
7. to catch caught
________________ caught
________________

II. BAG Now, complete the following sentences with the verbs studied
above. Not all verbs will be used
How would you say?
A to send
Don’t forget _____________________ her some flowers on
purse / wallet
_________________________________ her birthday.

B to hide
I’ve got to find somewhere _____________________ these
Christmas gifts from the children.
handbag/ purse (American English)
_________________________________
C to catch
Hurry up if you want _________________________ the bus.

shoulder bag
_________________________________
D chosen
She was one of the girls ____________________ for special
training.

paper bag
E find
You’ll ____________________ the key in the kitchen drawer.
_________________________________

V. CUSTOM (S)
backpack
_________________________________
Translate the different meanings of CUSTOM(S) in the
following sentences.

suitcase
_________________________________ A Different countries have different customs.

* costumes
customs = _________________________________

briefcase
_________________________________ B It was never my custom to question my boss’s requests.

* hábito
custom = __________________________________

III. Match the columns. C When we arrived in Miami, it took us ages to pass through
Customs.
1. plan 1 d a) então
* alfândega
Customs = _________________________________
2. cannabis = marijuana 2 b b) maconha
D You have to pay customs on imported cars.
3. unfortunately 3 e c) voo
* direitos alfandegários
customs = __________________________________
4. then 4 a d) plano
E He always wears custom-made suits.
5. flight 5 c e) infelizmente
* feitos sob medida
custom-made = _____________________________

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VI. REALIZE is a “false friend”. VIII.Write the opposites of

Translate the following sentences.

A badly
well = __________________________________________
A I realized then that he had never really loved me.

Eu percebi então que ele nunca tinha realmente me amado. B at random = on purpose
____________________________________

C somebody = ____________________________________
nobody, no one

B She suddenly realized he was trying to rob her.

De repente ela percebeu que ele estava tentando assaltá-la.

D guilt
innocence = ____________________________________

TEXT COMPREHENSION
VII. Translate the underlined words and/or expressions.
Responda em Português.

A A sniffer dog is a dog that is trained by the police to find

A A que se refere 142 grams, mencionado no texto?
hidden drugs by smelling them.

* cão farejador, cão treinado para descobrir

sniffer dog = ________________________________________ À quantidade de maconha colocada numa mala preta pelos fun-

cionários da alfândega do aeroporto Narita em Tóquio.

drogas escondidas.
________________________________________

B There are training programs for soldiers and officers.

* oficiais
officers = __________________________________________
B O que os funcionários perceberam?

Que não haviam colocado uma marca na mala em que a droga

C It seems that the houses burgled were chosen at random.
estava escondida.
* aleatoriamente
at random = ____________________
_____________________

D Customs officials were accused of theft. C O que aconteceu com a mala?

* autoridades, funcionários graduados

officials = __________________________________________
Alguém pegou um voo de Tóquio carregando, sem querer, a mala

contendo uma porção escondida de maconha.

E The airport was so crowded that he unwittingly took the

other passenger’s suitcase.

* sem querer
unwittingly = _______________________________________ D O que você acredita que acontecerá a esse passageiro
quando ele chegar a seu destino!

F A large stash of drugs had been found aboard the yacht. Certamente será preso.

* porção escondida
stash = ____________________________________________

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24 Text

FRENCH WEBSITE SELLS MATH ANSWERS…

PARIS, (Reuters) - “You can’t do it? We’re here to help,” says the
homepage of a new French website where children can pay for older
students to do homework for them.
On faismesdevoirs.com [which means ‘do my homework’],
children buy answers to simple maths problems for 5 euros ($6), while
a full end-of-year presentation complete with slides and speaking
notes costs 80 euros ($100).
The website goes live Thursday morning, founder Stephane
Boukris told Reuters.
Schoolteachers reacted with anger. “It is shocking. It defeats the
purpose of education which is that the pupils need to learn for themselves how to do the work,” said Agathe
Field, a young English teacher at a secondary school in a suburb of Paris.
“It turns them into consumers. The message is that for the right price you can get the results you want. It’s
nonsense,” she said.
Boukris defended the website, saying that the schoolchildren would still learn something if they bought
homework from the site because it would come with annotations from the students explaining how they got
to the final result.
“We're not just giving them the fish, we’re teaching them how to fish,” Boukris said in a telephone
interview.
“Of course some schoolchildren might use the system to cheat, but they’ll have to learn sooner or later
because we won’t be there on exam day,” he said.
(www.english-to-go.com)

Exercícios Resolvidos

c) a garota foi fazer uma tatuagem com o consentimento dos

B EING A TEENAGER and getting a tattoo seem to go hand in hand
these days. I wasn’t surprised when a friend of my daughter’s showed
pais.
d) a garota arrependeu-se de haver feito uma tatuagem.
me a Japanese symbol on her hip. e) o comportamento da garota não condiz com a tatuagem que
“Please don’t tell my parents,” she begged. havia feito.
____________, I promised. “By the way, what does that stand for?” RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: E
“Honesty,” she said.
LINDA SINGER.
(Reader’s Digest) (UNIP) B A expressão que falta no penúltimo parágrafo do texto é.
a) “I didn’t” b) “I shouldn’t”
A De acordo com o texto, c) “I can’t” d) “I won’t”
a) a garota tatuou um símbolo japonês em sua nuca. e) “I would”
b) a garota tatuou um símbolo japonês em suas costas. RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: D

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VOCABULARY custar
* TO COST means _____________________.
I. Translate the title of the text.
uma viagem cara
How would you translate a costly trip? = ___________________
Website francês vende respostas de matemática.

expensive
A synonym for costly is _________________ and its opposite is
II. Match the columns.
cheap
__________________.
1. homepage 1 f a) enquanto (que)

2. homework 2 i b) preço
IV. Complete the following sentences with verbs from the
3. while 3 a c) consumidor chart
to pay – to mean – to need –
4. full 4 g d) sem dúvida, claro
to learn – to turn into
5. founder 5 h e) entrevista

6. shocking 6 j f) página inicial A need

Grandparents ________________ to feel useful.

7. consumer 7 c g) total
B turn into
It’s too late for me – I ____________________ a pumpkin (=
8. price 8 b h) fundador abóbora) at midnight.

9. interview 9 e i) lição de casa C paid for

He went over to the bar and ________________ the drinks.

10. of course 10 d j) revoltante

D learn
Everybody should ________________ what to do in certain
emergencies.
* DO NOT CONFOUND
E means
Do you know what this word _______________ in English?
preço
1. price = ___________________

prêmio
2. prize = ___________________ V. LIVE
Translate the underlined expressions.

III. Write the Simple Past and the Past Participle of the
A They live on the other side of the town.
following irregular verbs.

Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle viver

* to live = _________________________

1. to say said
_______________ said
_______________ B The kidnapped girl was found alive and well.

2. to pay paid
_______________ paid
_______________ vivo(a)
* alive = __________________________

3. to mean meant
_______________ meant
_______________ C This evening there will be a live debate on T.V.

4. to buy bought
_______________ bought
_______________ ao vivo
* live = __________________________

5. to cost cost
_______________ cost
_______________
Write the opposites of
6. to speak spoke
_______________ spoken
_______________
A to die
to live≠ ___________________________
7. to give gave
_______________ given
_______________
B alive ≠ ___________________________
dead

8. to teach taught
_______________ taught
_______________
C life ≠ ___________________________
death

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VI. Translate the underlined expressions in the following C Ele concordará com você mais cedo ou mais tarde.
sentences.
A Anger is a strong feeling against someone or a situation He will agree with you sooner or later.

which makes you want to hurt someone or shout at

someone.
raiva
* anger = _________________________
TEXT COMPREHENSION
B Napoleon was defeated by the Duke of Wellington at the
battle of Waterloo. A O que o novo site oferece aos estudantes franceses?
derrotar
* to defeat = ______________________ A possibilidade de pagar a alunos mais velhos para que façam sua

C The purpose of this organization is to help homeless lição de casa.

people.
propósito, objetivo
* purpose = _______________________
D It’s nonsense to say that he is too old for the job.
bobagem, tolice
* nonsense = _________________________
B A que se refere 5 euros mencionado no texto?
E It wasn’t the first time he had cheated in an exam.
É o valor a ser pago pelos alunos na compra de problemas sim-
colar
* to cheat = __________________________
_
ples de matemática.

F Don’t worry, sooner or later he’ll come home.

mais cedo ou mais tarde
* sooner or later = __________________________________

* DO NOT CONFOUND
C Qual foi a reação dos professores?
raiva, irritação
anger = __________________ irritado, zangado
angry = __________________
Eles reagiram com irritação pois acreditam que os próprios alu-
fome
hunger = ________________ faminto
hungry = _________________
nos precisam aprender como fazer suas lições.

VII. Write in English.

A Se você colar no exame, será punido.

If you cheat in the exam, you will be punished. D O que disse Stephane Boukris em defesa de seu site?

Ele afirmou que, embora os alunos possam usar o sistema para

colar, eles terão de aprender mais cedo ou mais tarde pois o

B O fundador do site disse que eles estão ensinando os
alunos a pescar. site não estará à mão no dia do exame.

The founder of the site said (that) they are teaching the students

how to fish.

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Módulos 17 e 18 – Interrogative Pronouns / Text rest of us. Should they crush terrorists who threaten their regimes,
I. Complete the sentences using the Interrogative Pronouns or co-opt them with covert support? Are their regular armies
below. enough to defend their borders, or do they want nukes to deter
their enemies? And how do they deal with Washington’s
How / How many / How much / How deep / aggressive new mission to democratize their countries? As pliant
How old / How long / How tall / How high /
friends? Defiant enemies? Or a bit of both?
How often / How far
In an extraordinary set of interviews at last week’s World
A _______________________ do you see your parents? I see
Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, Newsweek’s Lally
Weymouth grilled three key leaders – from Pakistan, Iran and
them about once a month, but not as often as I’d like to. Turkey – about the war on terror, the secrets of nuclear
proliferation, regional peacemaking and the chances for
B _________________________ coins do you have at home? democratic change.
About 200 coins. (Newsweek)
C ______________________ are you going to stay in New
III. Find in the text the equivalent in English for these wods
York? Two or three days.
and expressions.
D ______________________ are you doing today, Peter? I’m
M três principais líderes = ______________________________
fine, thanks.
E _____________________ did you pay for the house? I paid N os segredos da proliferação nuclear = _________________

a big amount of money. ____________________________________________________

F _____________________ is your grandmother? She is 72 O mudança democrática = ______________________________

years old. P ameaçar = _________________________________________
G _____________________ is your nephew? I don’t know, but
he is very tall.
Q exércitos regulares = ________________________________

H ______________________ is that building? I don’t know R defender suas fronteiras = ___________________________

exactly, but it’s very high. S lidar com = _________________________________________
I ______________________ is this river? It’s very, very deep. T países muçulmanos = _______________________________
Be careful.
J ______________________ is it from here to your school?
U
21 deveria = __________________________________________
It’s only two miles. U
22 vidas perigosas = ___________________________________
U
23 querer a paz = _____________________________________
II. Make questions.
K Paul went to Chicago by plane last year.
U
24 algumas boas notícias = _____________________________
a b c d U
25 parecer pronto = ____________________________________
a) _________________________________________________?
U
26 tomar decisões = ___________________________________
b) _________________________________________________?
c) _________________________________________________?
U
27 arriscar, pôr em perigo = _____________________________

d) _________________________________________________?
U
28 aniquilar = __________________________________________
U
29 interrogar severamente = ____________________________
L Mary did the exercises at home last Friday.
U
30 deter, dissuadir = ___________________________________
a b c d
a) _________________________________________________? U
31 amigos condescendentes = __________________________

b) _________________________________________________? U
32 inimigos desafiadores = ______________________________

c) _________________________________________________? U
33 um pouco dos dois = ________________________________

d) _________________________________________________? U
34 entrevistas = _______________________________________
U
35 apoio secreto = _____________________________________
Interviews U
36 armas nucleares = __________________________________
Some good news: Pakistan wants peace with India, Iran seems
ready for dialogue with the United States and Turkey wants to U
37 admitir = ___________________________________________
mediate between Syria and Israel U
38 suficientes = _______________________________________
TOUGH TALK ABOUT TERROR
U
39 pacificação = _______________________________________
Presidents and prime ministers in Muslim countries can lead
perilous lives, and they sometimes make decisions that imperil the U
40 levar = _____________________________________________

INGLÊS 301
C3_2A_Soroc_Ingles_2012_Lu 22/11/12 15:33 Página 302

Módulo 19 – Texts Freedom from this constraint is the dream of every transplant
surgeon. So far attempts to make artificial organs have been
A BAD BROTHER disappointing: nature is hard to mimic. Hence the renewed
“Twelve years ago, Miranda” – said Prospero, “I was the interest in trying to use organs from animals.
duke of Milan. You were a princess and my only child. I had a (UFRJ)
brother, Antonio. I trusted him in everything. Later I discovered
that he was my false brother. Translate into Portuguese.
Little by little he began to think himself the duke indeed. He
was very ambitious. There was in his bad nature a proud desire P transplant surgeons = _______________________________
to rob me of my dukedom. He soon did it with the aid of the prince Q to work = __________________________________________
of Naples, a powerful kingdom. That prince was my enemy.
Antonio carried us on board a ship. When we were some R miracles = _________________________________________
miles out at sea, he forced us into a small boat. The vessel had no
sails, no oars, and no ropes. There he left us, as he thought, to die. S to take = __________________________________________
But a kind lord, one Gonzalo, loved me and you. He had privately T body = ____________________________________________
placed in the boat water, food, clothing, and some books.
We arrived here by chance. The island had been enchanted U
21 to integrate into = __________________________________
by a witch called Sycorax. As I had some secret wisdom of
magic, I gave freedom to many spirits that Sycorax had shut up U
22 another = __________________________________________
in the bodies of large trees. These gentle spirits were ever after U
23 to grant = __________________________________________
obedient to my will. They have helped us all these years.”
(Adapted from The Tempest, by William Shakespeare.) U
24 lucky recipient = ____________________________________
U
25 a longer better life = _________________________________
I. Match the columns.
A to trust 1 a) liberty
U
26 sadly = ____________________________________________

B little by little 2 b) good, generous U

27 to be less fortunate = _______________________________
C indeed 3 c) to believe U
28 to die-dying = ______________________________________
D aid 4 d) vessel, ship
U
29 while = ____________________________________________
E boat 5 e) step by step
F kind 6 f) a woman with evil magic powers U
30 to wait for = _______________________________________
G by chance 7 g) accidentally U
31 suitable organs = ___________________________________
H witch 8 h) help
U
32 to be found = ______________________________________
I freedom 9 i) really
J ever after 10 j) forever U
33 constraint = ________________________________________
U
34 to depend on = _____________________________________
II. Answer in English.
U
35 death = ____________________________________________
K What was Antonio like?
U
36 someone = _________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
U
37 young enough = ____________________________________
L Who helped Antonio to rob Prospero of his dukedom?
_______________________________________________________ U
38 healthy enough = ___________________________________

M What had Gonzalo done? U

39 to have organs worth transplanting = __________________

_______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________

N How did Prospero and Miranda arrive in the island? U

40 such donors = ______________________________________
_______________________________________________________ U
41 waiting lists = ______________________________________
O Where had Sycorax imprisoned the spirits? U
42 getting longer = ____________________________________
_______________________________________________________
U
43 freedom = _________________________________________

TRANSPLANTS U
44 dream = ___________________________________________
Transplant surgeons work miracles. They take organs from U
45 so far = ____________________________________________
one body and integrate them into another, granting the lucky
recipient a longer, better life. Sadly, every year thousands of U
46 attempts = _________________________________________
other people are less fortunate, dying while they wait for U
47 to mimic = _________________________________________
suitable organs to be found. The terrible constraint on organ
transplantation is that every life extended depends on the death U
48 hence = ___________________________________________
of someome young enough and healthy enough to have organs U
49 renewed interest = __________________________________
worth transplanting.Such donors are few. The waiting lists are
long, and getting longer. U
50 to try = ____________________________________________

302 INGLÊS
C3_2A_Soroc_Ingles_2012_Lu 22/11/12 15:33 Página 303

Módulo 20 – Texts N encorajar = ________________________________________

SORE THROAT O vapor = ___________________________________________
Most sore throats are caused by an infection which P piorar = ___________________________________________
treatment with antibiotics cannot cure. But with simple remedies
the patient normally gets better in 4 or 5 days. Q queixar-se de = ____________________________________
Tonsillitis, however, usually starts with a sore throat which R dor de ouvido = ____________________________________
causes pain on swallowing. With children – and some adults –
S aumentar = ________________________________________
there may be a fever and the patient is obviously not feeling
well. It may be possible to see white spots on the back of the T preocupado = ______________________________________
throat. The neck may also swell, both of which are the normal U
21 inchar = ___________________________________________
response to infection. U
22 secura = ___________________________________________
Sometimes a sore throat may occur with the common cold,
and with influenza there may be dryness of the throat, pain on U
23 aliviar = ____________________________________________
coughing and loss of voice. U
24 febre = ____________________________________________
TREATMENT: U
25 muito = ____________________________________________
Aspirin: To help relieve the pain on swallowing and (if there is
one) the fever. Use aspirin tablets dissolved in water so that the BILLBOARDS CHANGING THEIR TUNE
patient can gargle before swallowing. Repeat the treatment Cigarette billboards across the nation are coming down this
every 4 hours. week as part of the national settlement with the tobacco industry.
Drink: Encourage the patient to drink plenty. Under the $206 billion agreement with 46 states over the costs
Food: Food should not be forced on a patient who does not of treating smoking-related illnesses, all cigarette billboards must
want to eat. be removed by Friday.
Steam: If there is pain in the throat on coughing, breathing in The deal allows states to take over billboard leases that had
steam may help. been held by tobacco companies and put anti-smoking ads on
CHILDREN: them at the companies’ expense until the leases expire.
Young children, who may not be able to gargle, should be given
Health activists said they welcome the removal of the
aspirin dissolved in water every 4 hours in the right dose for
their age. Marlboro Man, Joe Camel and other attention – grabbing signs.
But John F. Banzhaf III, head of the non-profit group Action on
At one year: A single junior aspirin.
Smoking and Health, said the demise of tobacco billboards is
At five years: Half an adult aspirin.
mostly a symbolic victory.
At eight years: One whole adult aspirin.
Increasing cigarette taxes and imposing more restrictions
WHEN TO SEE THE DOCTOR: on public smoking would have greater practical effect, Banzhaf
If the sore throat is still getting worse after 2 days. said.
If the patient complains of earache. (USA Today)
If the patient’s fever increases.
If the patient or parent is very worried. Match the columns. English / English.
(Cambridge First Certificate)
U
26 billboards 1 a) to come to an end
Find in the text the equivalent in English for these words and U
27 agreement 2 b) announcements
expressions.
U
28 illnesses 3 c) to be favourable to
A dores de garganta = _________________________________
U
29 must 4 d) cost
B remédios simples = _________________________________
U
30 to allow 5 e) mainly
C melhorar = _________________________________________
U
31 to take over 6 f) dissolution, ending
D amigdalite = ________________________________________
E contudo = _________________________________________
U
32 leases 7 g) decision

F dor = ______________________________________________
U
33 ads 8 h) street advertisements

G engolir = ___________________________________________
U
34 to welcome 9 i) to take control of

H gripe = ____________________________________________ U
35 demise 10 j) diseases

I simples resfriado = _________________________________ U

36 mostly 11 k) contracts

J tossir = ____________________________________________ U
37 to come down 12 l) to permit

K respirar = __________________________________________
U
38 settlement 13 m) to be removed

L fazer gargarejo = ___________________________________

U
39 expanse 14 n) accord, deal

M manchas brancas = _________________________________

U
40 to expire 15 o) have to

INGLÊS 303
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Módulo 21 e 22 – Adverbs / Text S was – extremely – last – year – cold – the – weather
I. Complete the sentences with the words from the box below. ___________________________________________________
now / lately / tomorrow / fast / twice / far / ___________________________________________________.
often / just / slowly / there / always / hardly
/ yesterday / carefully / never T can – he – walk – hardly
___________________________________________________.
A I’ve seen that film ___________________________________
___________________________________________________.
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF PERCEPTION
B Our grandparents will arrive __________________________ The brain transforms sensory message into conscious
perceptions almost instantly. Chaotic, collective activity
___________________________________________________. involving countless neurons is essential for such rapid
recognition.
C What are the kids doing ______________________________ When a person glimpses the face of a famous actor, sniffs
___________________________________________________. a favorite food or hears the voice of a friend, recognition is
instant. Within a fraction of a second after the eyes, nose, ears,
D He had a terrible accident because he was driving too tongue or skin is stimulated, we know the object is familiar and
if it is desirable or dangerous. How does such recognition,
___________________________________________________. which psychologists call preattentive perception, happen so
accurately and quickly, even when the stimuli are complex and
E What have you been doing ___________________________ the context in which they arise varies?
_________________________________________________.” Much is known about the way the cerebral cortex, the outer
rind of the brain, initially analyzes sensory messages. Yet
F I ___________________________ go to school on Sundays. investigations are only now beginning to suggest how the brain
moves beyond the mere extraction of features – how it combines
G I can’t understand you. Can you speak _________________ sensory messages with past experience and with expectation to
identify both the stimulus and its particular meaning to the individual.
_________________________________? (Scientific American)

H I’d like to visit her but she lives very ___________________

III. VOCABULARY. Match the columns.

_________________________________.
U
21 to transform 1 a) confused
U
22 almost 2 b) to smell making a sound
I I’m going to the museum this afternoon. U
23 chaotic 3 c) to occur
Can you tell me how to get ___________________________
U
24 countless 4 d) precisely, exactly
_________________________________?
U
25 to glimpse 5 e) external layer
J We ___________________ go to the club on weekends. U
26 to sniff 6 f) to appear
U
27 within 7 g) characteristics
K Your friends have ____________________________ arrived.
U
28 to happen 8 h) to change
L We _________________ have lunch at 12 o’clock. U
29 accurately 9 i) to unite

M The officer _____________ asked the boy to sit down. U

30 to arise 10 j) but, however
U
31 outer rind 11 k) in addition to
N She was so anxious she could _________________ speak. U
32 yet 12 l) innumerable
O They received your message ________________________. U
33 beyond 13 m) nearly
U
34 features 14 n) in less than

II. Write sentences using all the given words. U

35 to combine 15 o) to look quickly

P went – to – yesterday – they – the – movies

___________________________________________________ IV. Rewrite the following sentences using the correct
synonyms of the underlined words.
___________________________________________________.

Q wrote – invitations – carefully – she – last night – the – at

U
36 Hurry up, Jack! It’s starting to rain.
home _______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________.
U
37 It’s very perilous to go out in S. Paulo at night.
_______________________________________________________
R to London – went – he – last year – by plane
___________________________________________________ U
38 Drive fast, will you?
___________________________________________________. _______________________________________________________

304 INGLÊS
C3_2A_Soroc_Ingles_2012_Lu 22/11/12 15:33 Página 305

Módulo 23 – Texts U
25 adolescente =_______________________________________
DON’T DRINK AND RIDE U
26 babá =_____________________________________________
Alcohol can increase your risk of being hurt in a car U
27 sair = ______________________________________________
accident, even if you aren’t behind the wheel. A new University U
28 afazeres domésticos = _______________________________
of Michigan study reports that men who’ve been drinking are 50
percent more likely to experience a serious injury during a car
U
29 pessoas ocupadas = _________________________________
accident than sober passengers. Even worse, those injuries tend U
30 tomar um banho relaxante = __________________________
to be up to 30 percent more severe than in accidents in which U
31 ler um livro = _______________________________________
alcohol isn’t involved. And the increased risk isn’t just from poor U
32 lavar o carro = ______________________________________
judgment. Researchers believe alcohol may temporarily weaken U
33 cortar (aparar) a grama = _____________________________
cell membranes, making them more likely to rupture during a crash.
U
34 divertir-se = ________________________________________
Translate into Portuguese. U
35 planejar = __________________________________________
A to increase = _______________________________________ U
36 atividade divertida = _________________________________
B to be hurt = ________________________________________ U
37 pelo menos =_______________________________________
C even if = ___________________________________________ U
38 sugerir =___________________________________________
D behind the wheel = _________________________________
II. Increase your vocabulary
E to report = _________________________________________ Translate these expressions.
F to drink = __________________________________________ U
39 It’s a matter of time = ________________________________
G more likely = _______________________________________ U
40 to save time = ______________________________________
H to experience = _____________________________________
U
41 to waste time = ____________________________________
I a serious injury = ___________________________________
U
42 Take your time! = ___________________________________
J sober passengers = _________________________________
U
43 Lose no time = _____________________________________
K even worse = ______________________________________
U
44 to work against time = _______________________________
L those injuries = _____________________________________
U
45 on time = __________________________________________
M up to = ____________________________________________
N poor judgment = ____________________________________
U
46 standard time = _____________________________________

O researchers = ______________________________________
U
47 time-limit = _________________________________________

P to believe = ________________________________________
U
48 time-clock = ________________________________________

Q can - could = _______________________________________ U

49 to have a good time = _______________________________

R may - might = ______________________________________ U

50 out of time =________________________________________

S to weaken = _______________________________________
T to make = _________________________________________ Módulo 24 – Text / Vocabulary
U
21 to rupture = ________________________________________ A FUNNY STORY
U
22 crash = ____________________________________________ Mrs. Grey is now living in Glasgow. But she was my
neighbor. She lived half a block away from my house. My
SET ASIDE THE TIME husband hated her because she was a liar and a gossiper.
Experts suggest several ways in which busy people can find One day, I guess it was on a Saturday, my husband looked
more time for fun: out of the window of the bedroom and Mrs. Grey was in the
❑ Make having fun a priority. Try to plan at least 20 street. She walked to my house and knocked at the door. He
minutes each day when you do something just for yourself – take stayed upstairs, in the bedroom.
a relaxing bath, exercise, read a book. I opened the door, greeted Mrs. Grey and invited her to
❑ Keep a time diary for the family. Look at which come in. She entered the living room and started to tell me a
household chores could be done less often, and in that time plan story. I prepared some tea. She talked all the time.
some fun activity. After half an hour, my husband opened the door of the
❑ Hire a teenager to do such jobs as washing the car or bedroom and shouted to me, “Is that stupid old woman still with
mowing the lawn so you have more free time. you?” Mrs. Grey was still there with me. I had to find a way out.
❑ One evening in the middle of the week, hire a baby Then, I waited a few seconds and replied in a loud voice, “No,
sitter, go out with your spouse, and have fun. Do not talk about dear. She’s not here anymore, Mrs. Grey is here now.”
problems, just enjoy each other. (Adapted from Funny Stories, by L. A. Hill.)
(USA Today)
I. Find in the text the equivalent for these expressions. I. Find in the text a correct synonym for
U
23 especialistas = ______________________________________ A at present = ________________________________________
U
24 contratar = _________________________________________ B to yell = ____________________________________________

INGLÊS 305
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C to suppose = _______________________________________ U
29 The teacher _________________ them the answer to the
D to detest = _________________________________________ question.
E a person who talks about other people’s private lives =
a) explained b) told c) said

___________________________________________________
F darling = ___________________________________________ U
30 The station clock is not as ____________ as it should be;
G distant = ___________________________________________ it’s usually between one, and two minutes fast.
a) certain b) true c) accurate
H a person who habitually doesn’t tell the truth =
___________________________________________________
I to answer = ________________________________________ U
31 One ________________ of their new house is that it has no
J to welcome = ______________________________________ garden.
a) disadvantage b) dislike c) pity
II. Find in the text the equivalent to
K entrar = ____________________________________________
L uma saída = ________________________________________
U
32 They tell me he is _____________ a lot of money in his new
job.
M vizinha = ___________________________________________ a) gaining b) profiting c) earning
N sala de estar = ______________________________________
O meia hora = ________________________________________
U
33 I have never __________ any experience of living in the
P meio quarteirão = ___________________________________
country.
Q ainda = ____________________________________________ a) had b) made c) wished
R esperar = __________________________________________
S em voz alta = _______________________________________
T então = ____________________________________________
U
34 The child was told to ___________ for being rude to his
uncle.
U
21 no andar de cima = __________________________________ a) excuse b) apologize c) forgive
U
22 bater à porta = ______________________________________
U
23 o tempo todo = _____________________________________
U
35 She walked to the ___________________ of the swimming
U
24 ficar, permanecer = __________________________________ pool and jumped in.
a) start b) side c) border
Choose the letter that best completes each sentence.

U
36 When we visited the zoo on Sunday afternoon it was very
U
25 Her parents were very ______________ because she was crowded but on a weekend it’s practically ______________.
out so late that night. a) full b) uncrowded c) empty
a) responsible b) sorry c) worried

U
37 The purpose of the examination was to _____________ the
U
26 After a lot of difficulty, he ____________ to open the door. students’ knowledge of the subject.
a) managed b) succeeded c) obtained a) prove b) test c) inspect

U
38 There’s _______________________ to be frightened of the
U
27 I have been looking for this book for months, and
dog; he’s quite harmless.
______________________ I have found it.
a) a fear b) no need c) any reason
a) in time b) at last c) at present

U
39 Sheila heated the chocolate until it ___________________,
U
28 I’ll have to _______________ to you, otherwise he will hear. then poured it over the cake.
a) shout b) say c) whisper a) melted b) formed c) flooded

306 INGLÊS
C3_2A_Soroc_Ingles_2012_Lu 22/11/12 15:33 Página 307

S pegar T corpo
Inglês U
21 recolocar em U
22 um outro
Módulos 17 e 18 – Interrogative Pronouns/ U
23 propiciar U
24 receptor de sorte
Text U
25 uma vida melhor e mais longa
A How often B How many C How long
U
26 tristemente, infelizmente
D How E How much F How old
U
27 ter menos sorte U
28 morrer – morrendo
G How tall H How high I How deep
U
29 enquanto U
30 esperar por
J How far
U
31 órgãos compatíveis U
32 ser encontrado
K a) Who went to Chicago by plane last year.
U
33 restrição U
34 depender de
b) Where did Paul go by plane last year.
c) How did Paul go to Chicago last year.
U
35 morte U
36 alguém
d) When did Paul go to Chicago by plane. U
37 jovem o suficiente

L a) Who did the exercises at home last Friday. U

38 com saúde suficiente, saudável o suficiente
b) What did Mary do at home last Friday. U
39 possuir órgãos que mereçam ser transplantados
c) Where did Mary do the exercises last Friday. U
40 tais doadores U
41 listas de espera
d) When did Mary do the exercises at home.
U
42 ficando cada vez maiores U
43 liberdade
M three key leaders U
44 sonho U
45 até agora
N the secrets of nuclear proliferation U
46 tentativas U
47 imitar
O democratic change P to threaten U
48 daí U
49 interesse renovado
Q regular armies R to defend their borders U
50 tentar
S to deal with T Muslim countries
U
21 should U
22 perilous lives Módulo 20 – Texts
U
23 to want peace U
24 some good news A sore throats B simple remedies

U
25 to seem ready U
26 to make decisions C to get better D tonsillitis
U
27 to imperil U
28 to crush E however F pain
U
29 to grill U
30 to deter G to swallow H influenza (flu)
U
31 pliant friends U
32 defiant enemies I common cold J to cough
U
33 a bit of two U
34 interviews K to breathe L to gargle
U
35 covert support U
36 nukes
M white spots N to encourage
U
37 to co-opt U
38 enough
O steam P to get worse
U
39 peacemaking U
40 to lead
Q to complain of R earache

Módulo 19 – Texts S to increase T worried

A C B E C I D H ED U
21 to swell U
22 dryness

F B G G H F I A JJ U
23 to relieve U
24 fever

K He was very ambitious. U

25 plenty U
26 H
L The Prince of Naples did. U
27 N U
28 J
M He had privately placed in the boat water, food, clothing U
29 O U
30 L
and some books.
U
31 I U
32 K
N They arrived in the island by chance.
O Sycorax had imprisoned the spirits in the bodies of large
U
33 B U
34 C

trees. U
35 F U
36 E
P cirurgiões que fazem transplantes. U
37 M U
38 G
Q realizar R milagres U
39 D U
40 A

INGLÊS 307
C3_2A_Soroc_Ingles_2012_Lu 22/11/12 15:33 Página 308

Módulos 21 e 22 – Adverbs / Text U

33 to mow the lawn U
34 to have fun
A twice B tomorrow C now D fast
E lately F never G slowly H far U
35 to plan U
36 fun activity

I there J often K just L always U

37 at least U
38 to suggest

M carefully N hardly O yesterday U

39 É questão de tempo U
40 poupar tempo
P They went to the movies yesterday.
U
41 desperdiçar tempo U
42 Calma!
Q She wrote the invitations carefully at home last night.
R He went to London by plane last year. U
43 Não perca tempo U
44 trabalhar contra o relógio

S The weather was extremely cold last year. U

45 na hora U
46 hora local
T He can hardly walk.
U
21 H U22 M U23 A U24 L U25 O
U
47 prazo U
48 relógio de ponto

U
26 B U27 N U28 C U29 D U30 F U
49 divertir-se U
50 fora de época
U
31 E U32 J U33 K U34 G U35 I
U
36 Hurry up, Jack! It’s beginning to rain.
U
37 It’s very dangerous to go out in S. Paulo at night. Módulo 24 – Text / Vocabulary
U
38 Drive quickly, will you?
A now B to shout

Módulo 23 – Texts C to guess D to hate

A aumentar B ficar ferido E a gossiper F dear

C mesmo que D atrás da direção G away H a liar

E relatar, reportar F beber I to reply J to greet

G mais provável H to suffer = sofrer K to come in, to enter L a way out

I um ferimento grave J passageiros sóbrios M neighbor N living room

K ainda pior, para piorar L esses ferimentos O half an hour P half a block

M até N má avaliação Q still R to wait

O pesquisadores P acreditar
S in a loud voice T then

U
21 upstairs U
22 to knock at the door
Q poder (capacidade) R poder (probabilidade)
U
23 all the time U
24 to stay
S enfraquecer T tornar
U
25 Resposta: C U
26 Resposta: A
U
21 romper U
22 batida (de carro), colisão U
27 Resposta: B U
28 Resposta: C

U
23 experts U
24 to hire U
29 Resposta: B U
30 Resposta: C

U
25 teenager U
26 baby sitter U
31 Resposta: A U
32 Resposta: C

U
33 Resposta: A U
34 Resposta: B
U
27 to go out U
28 household chores
U
35 Resposta: B U
36 Resposta: C
U
29 busy people U
30 to take a relaxing bath
U
37 Resposta: B U
38 Resposta: B
U
31 to read a book U
32 to wash the car
U
39 Resposta: A

308 INGLÊS