Phone: 8900735134

PMA Class Practice

▶ The boundary value problem

x 2 y ′′ − 2xy ′ + 2y = 0, 1 ≤ x ≤ 2,
′
y (1) − y (1) = 1,
y (2) − ky ′ (2) = 4,

has infinitely many distinct solutions when k is equal to

(round off to TWO decimal places).
[GATE 2024]

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PMA Class Practice
▶ Which of the following is/are eigenvalue(s) of the
Sturm-Liouville problem

y ′′ + λy = 0, 0 ≤ x ≤ π,
′
y (0) = y (0),
y (π ) = y ′ (π )?

(A) λ =1
(B) λ =2
(C) λ =3
(D) λ =4 [GATE 2024]

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PMA Class Practice
▶ Let A be a 2 × 2 non-diagonalizable real matrix with a real
eigenvalue λ and v be an eigenvector of A corresponding to λ.
Which one of the following is the general solution of the
system y ′ = Ay of first-order linear differential equations?
(A) c1 e λt v + c2 te λt v, where c1 , c2 ∈ R
(B) c1 e λt v + c2 t 2 e λt v, where c1 , c2 ∈ R
(C) c1 e λt v + c2 e λt (tv + u), where c1 , c2 ∈ R and u is a 2 × 1
real column vector such that (A − λI2 )u = v
(D) c1 e λt v + c2 te λt (v + u), where c1 , c2 ∈ R and u is a 2 × 1 real
column vector such that (A − λI2 )u = v [GATE 2024]

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PMA Class Practice
▶ If y1 and y2 are two different solutions of the ordinary
differential equation

y ′ + sin(e x )y = cos(e x +1 ), 0 ≤ x ≤ 1,

then which one of the following is its general solution on [0, 1]

?
(A) c1 y1 + c2 y2 , where c1 , c2 ∈ R
(B) y1 + c (y1 − y2 ), where c ∈ R
(C) cy1 + (y1 − y2 ), where c ∈ R
(D) c1 (y1 + y2 ) + c2 (y1 − y2 ), where c1 , c2 ∈ R [GATE 2024]

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PMA Class Practice
▶ Consider the ordinary differential equation (ODE)

4(ln x )y ′′ + 3y ′ + y = 0, x > 1.

If r1 and r2 are the roots of the indicial equation of the

above ODE at the regular singular point x = 1, then
|r1 − r2 | is equal to (rounded off to 2
decimal places). [GATE 2023]

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PMA Class Practice
▶ Let x (t ), y (t ), t ∈ R be two functions satisfying the following
system of differential equations:

x ′ (t ) = y (t ),
y ′ (t ) = x (t ),

with initial conditions x (0) = α, y (0) = β, where α, β are real

numbers. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
(A) If α = 1, β = −1, then |x (t )| + |y (t )| → 0 as t → ∞.
(B) If α = 1, β = 1, then |x (t )| + |y (t )| → 0 as t → ∞.
(C) If α = 1.01, β = −1, then |x (t )| + |y (t )| → 0 as t → ∞.
(D) If α = 1, β = 1.01, then |x (t )| + |y (t )| → 0 as t → ∞.
[GATE 2023]

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PMA Class Practice
▶ If the ordinary differential equation

d 2ϕ dϕ
x2 2
+x + x 2 ϕ = 0, x > 0,
dx dx
∞
has a solution of the form ϕ(x ) = x r ∑ an x n , where an are
n =0
constants and a0 ̸= 0, then the value of r 2 + 1 is
(rounded off to the nearest integer). [GATE 2022]

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PMA Class Practice
▶ If the eigenfunction corresponding to distinct eigenvalues λ of
the Sturm-Liouville problem

d 2y dy
2
−3 = λy , 0 < x < π, y (0) = y (π ) = 0,
dx dx
are orthogonal with respect to the weight function w (x ), then
w (x ) is:
(A) e −3x
(B) e −2x
(C) e 2x
(D) e 3x [GATE 2022]

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PMA Class Practice
▶ The initial value problem

dy
= cos(xy ), x ∈ R, y (0) = y0 ,
dx
where y0 is a real constant, has:
(A) a unique solution
(B) exactly two solutions
(C) infinitely many solutions
(D) no solution [GATE 2022]

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PMA Class Practice
▶ The eigenvalues of the boundary value problem

d 2y
+ λy = 0, x ∈ (0, π ), λ > 0,
dx 2
dy
y (0) = 0, y (π ) − (π ) = 0,
dx
are given by:
(A) λ = kn2 , where kn , n = 1, 2, 3, . . . are the roots of
k − tan(kπ ) = 0
(B) λ = (nπ )2 , n = 1, 2, 3, . . .
(C) λ = n2 , n = 1, 2, 3, . . .
(D) λ = kn2 , where kn , n = 1, 2, 3, . . . are the roots of
k + tan(kπ ) = 0 [GATE 2021]

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PMA Class Practice
▶ Let y (x ) be the solution of the following initial value problem:

d 2y dy dy
x2 2
− 4x + 6y = 0, x > 0, y (2) = 0, (2) = 4.
dx dx dx
Then y (4) = [GATE 2021]

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PMA Class Practice
▶ Let y (t ) be the solution of the initial value problem

d 2y dy
+ a + by = f (t ), a > 0, b > 0, a ̸= b, a2 − 4b = 0,
dt 2 dt
obtained by the method of Laplace transform. Then:
Z t
aτ
(A) y (t ) = e − 2 f (t − τ ) d τ
0
Z t
aτ
(B) y (t ) = τe − 2 f (t − τ ) d τ
0
Z t
bτ
(C) y (t ) = τe − 2 f (t − τ ) d τ
0
Z t
bτ
(D) y (t ) = e − 2 f (t − τ ) d τ [GATE 2021]
0

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PMA Class Practice
▶ The critical point of the differential equation

d 2y dy
2
+ 2α + β2 y = 0, α>β>0
dt dt
is:
(A) spiral point and is asymptotically stable
(B) saddle point and is unstable
(C) node and is asymptotically stable
(D) node and is unstable [GATE 2021]

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3
▶ The initial value problem y ′ = y 5 , y (0) = b has:
(A) a unique solution if b = 0
(B) no solution if b = 1
(C) infinitely many solutions if b = 2
(D) a unique solution if b = 1 [GATE 2020]

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PMA Class Practice
▶ Let u be a solution of the differential equation y ′ + xy = 0
and let ϕ = uψ be a solution of the differential equation

y ′′ + 2xy ′ + x 2 + 2 y = 0

satisfying ϕ(0) = 1 and ϕ′ (0) = 0. Then ϕ(x ) is:

x2
(A) cos2 x e − 2
x2
(B) (cos x )e − 2

x2
(C) 1 + x 2 e − 2
2
(D) (cos x )e −x [GATE 2020]

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Phone: 8900735134
PMA Class Practice
▶ For n ∈ N ∪ {0}, let yn be a solution of the differential
equation
xy ′′ + (1 − x )y ′ + ny = 0
satisfying yn (0) = 1. For which of the following functions
w (x ), the integral
Z ∞
yp (x )yq (x )w (x ) dx, (p ̸ = q )
0

is equal to zero?
2
(A) e −x
(B) e −x
2
(C) xe −x
(D) xe −x [GATE 2020]

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PMA Class Practice
▶ Suppose that ϕ1 and ϕ2 are linearly independent solutions of
the differential equation

2x 2 y ′′ − (x + x 2 )y ′ + (x 2 − 2)y = 0

and ϕ1 (0) = 0. Then the smallest positive integer n such that

ϕ2 (x )
lim x n =0
x →0 ϕ1 (x )

is:
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4 [GATE 2020]

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 ANSWER KEY
Q. SL. No. Answer
1 2
2 A, D
3 C
4 B
5 0.24 to 0.26
6 A
7 1
8 A
9 A
10 A
11 32
12 B
13 C
14 D
15 B
16 B
17 3

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