Unit 1

1.Nuclear accidents _______ global temperature.

Answer: - Option B Explanation:- Nuclear accidents can cause a decrease in temperature

due to atmospheric effects.

a) Increase b) Decrease c) Multiply d) None

Answer: - Option A Explanation:-Nuclear accidents causes decrease in temperature.

2.Environmental education is important only at

a) Primary school stage b) Secondary school stage c) Collage stage d) All of the above

Answer: - Option D Explanation:-Environmental education is important at all stage.

3.The 5Rs principle is applicable for…

a) Public awareness b) Environmental protection c) Saving natural resources d) All of the

above

Answer: - Option D Explanation:-The 5Rs principle is applicable for Public awareness,

Environmental protection and Saving natural resources

4.Ozone layer is found in ....

a)Thermosphere b)Stratosphere c)Troposphere d)Mesosphere

Answer: - Option B Explanation:-Ozone layer is found in Stratosphere.

5.Which one of the following is an abiotic component of the ecosystem?

a) Bacteria b) plants c) humus d) Fungi

Answer: - Option C Explanation:-Humus is an abiotic component of the ecosystem

6.Major cause of increment in population growth is...…

Answer: - Option B Explanation:- Decrease in mortality rate is a major cause of population

growth, not 'None of the above'.

a) decrease in birth rate b) decrease in mortality rate c) Illiteracy d) none of the

above

Answer: - Option D Explanation:-decrease in mortality rate is a Major cause of increment in

population growth.

7.Zone consisting air, water and soil is known as....

a) Atmosphere b) Hydrosphere c) Biosphere d) Lithosphere

Answer: - Option C Explanation:-Zone consisting air, water and soil is known asBiosphere.
8.Abiotic environment does not include

a)Air b)Water c)Soil d)Plants

Answer: - Option D Explanation:-Abiotic environment means non-living things.

9. Physical environment is also called as…

a) Abiotic environment b) Biotic environment c) Man made environment d) Psychological

environment

Answer: - Option A Explanation:-Physical environment is also called asAbiotic environment

10.The production of biogas from the waste is includes in...…

a)Reduce b) Reuse c) Recycle d) Recover

Answer: - Option D Explanation:-The production of biogas from the waste is includes

inRecover

11.___% of the Earth's surface is covered with water.

a) 20 b) 80 c) 71 d) 100

Answer: - Option C Explanation:-71 % of the Earth's surface is covered with water.

12.Formation of Ozone is?

a) Oxidation Reaction b) Reduction Reaction c) Photochemical Reaction d) None of the

above Answer: - Option C Explanation:-Formation of Ozone is Photochemical Reaction

13.The environment which has been modified by human

a)Natural environment b)Anthropogenic environment c)Modern environment d)Urban

environment

Answer: - Option C Explanation:-The environment which has been modified by human is

Anthropogenic environment

14.One of the following is not a type of environment.

a)Physical environment b)Man made environment c)Social environment d)Hydrosphere

Answer: - Option D Explanation:-Hydrosphere is not a type of environment.

15.O3 is known as…

a)Atmosphere b)Ozone c)Oxygen d)All of these

Answer: - Option B Explanation:-O3 is known as Ozone

16. Environmental education emphasizes on _________

a)Air b) Water c) Environmental issues d) None

Answer: - Option C Explanation:-Environmental education emphasizes on Environmental

issues

17.Our natural environment has _____ and ______ values.

a)Qualitative and quantitative b)Preservation and conservation c)Utilization and recreation

d)None of the above

Answer: - Option A Explanation:-Our natural environment has Qualitative and quantitative

values.

18.Land covers up only _____% of the earth’s surface

a) 10 b) 29 c) 40 d) 30

Answer: - Option B Explanation:-.Land covers up only 29 % of the earth’s surface

19.The production of biogas from the waste is includes in...…

a)Reduce b)Reuse c)Recycle d)Recover

Answer: - Option D Explanation:-The production of biogas from the waste is includes

inRecover

20.The 4Rs principle is applicable for…

a)Public awareness b)Environmental protection c)Saving natural resources d)All of the

above Answer: - Option D Explanation:-The 4Rs principle is applicable in all areas.

21.Ozone layer is found in ....

a)Thermosphere b)Stratosphere c)Troposphere d)Mesosphere

Answer: - Option B Explanation:-Ozone layer is found in Stratosphere.

22.Which one of the following is an abiotic component of the ecosystem?

a) Bacteria b) plants c) humus d) Fungi

Answer: - Option C Explanation:-Humus is an abiotic component of the ecosystem

23.Which of the following is the example of impact of development activities on

Hydrosphere? a) Air Pollution b) Soil Pollution c) Noise Pollution d) Water Pollution

Answer: - Option D Explanation:-Water Pollution is impact of development activities on

Hydrosphere

24.Nuclear accidents _______ global temperature.

a)Increase b)Decrease c)Multiply d)None

Answer: - Option A Explanation:--Nuclear accidents causes decrease in temperature.

25.The Environmental awareness starts with

a)Country b)State c)Individual d)None of these

Answer: - Option C Explanation:-The Environmental awareness starts with Individual

26.For sustainable development _____ R are followed

a)5 b)2 c)4 d)3

Answer: - Option C Explanation:-For sustainable development 4 R are followed

27.The amount of solar radiation reaching the surface of the earth is called as

Answer: - Option A Explanation:- The correct term is 'Solar flux', not 'Reflected light'.

a) Solar flux b)Reflected light c)Minerals d)solvents

Answer: - Option B Explanation:-The amount of solar radiation reaching the surface of the
earth is called as Reflected light

28.Acid rain occurs due to dissolution of ______ in rain water

a)Gases b)Particles c)Smoke d)Soot

Answer: - Option A Explanation:-.Acid rain occurs due to dissolution of gases in rain water
29.Hydrosphere covers about _______ of the surface of earth

a)70% b)90% c)60% d)50%

Answer: - Option A Explanation:-Hydrosphere covers about 70 % of the surface of earth

30.Color of ozone molecule is

a)Pale Blue b)White c)Pale Yellow d)Pale Green

Answer: - Option A Explanation:-Color of ozone molecule is Pale Blue

31.Major cause of Ozone depletion is due to which chemical ?

a)Chlorofluorocarbons b)Polyphenols c)Dioxins d)None of the above

Answer: - Option A Explanation:-Major cause of Ozone depletion is due to

Chlorofluorocarbons

32. Acid rain contains..…

a) Sulphuric acid b) Hydrochloric acid c) Oxalic acid d) Acetic acid

Answer: - Option A Explanation:-Acid rain contains Sulphuric acid

33.Biosphere is

a) The solid shell of inorganic materials on the surface of the Earth b)The thin shell of
organic matter on the surface of earth comprising of all the living things c)The sphere
which occupies the maximum volume of all the spheres d)All of the above

Answer: - Option B Explanation:-Biosphere isThe thin shell of organic matter on the surface
of earth comprising of all the living things

34.The portion of the earth and its environment which can support life is known as

a) Crust b) exosphere c) Biosphere d) Mesosphere

Answer: - Option C Explanation:-The portion of the earth and its environment which can
support life is known as Biosphere

35. How is the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere connected ?

Answer: - Option A Explanation:- The Hydrological cycle is the key link, not the Carbon
cycle.

a) Hydrological cycle b) Nitrogen cycle c) Oxygen cycle d) Carbon cycle

Answer: - Option D Explanation:-By using Carbon cycleatmosphere, hydrosphere and

lithosphere connected

36. Exchange of outgoing and incoming radiations that keep Earth warm is known as

a) greenhouse effect b) radiation effect c) infrared effect d) ozone layer

depletion

Answer: - Option A Explanation:-Exchange of outgoing and incoming radiations that keep

Earth warm is known asgreen house effect

37. Public awareness of environment creates ----------------------

a) Environment protection b) Environment degradation c) Environmental

improvement d) Environmental cultivation

Answer: - Option A Explanation:-Public awareness of environment createsEnvironment

protection .

38. Biotic environment includes

a) producers b) Consumers c) Decomposers d) All above

Answer: - Option D Explanation:-Biotic environment includes producers ,Consumers and

Decomposers.
39.What type of radiation is trapped on the earth's surface by the green house effect?

Answer: - Option D Explanation:- Infrared (IR) rays are trapped, not UV rays.

a) UV rays b) ? -rays c) X-rays d) IR rays

Answer: - Option A Explanation:-UV radiation is trapped on the earth's surface by the green
house effect

40. The 5Rs principle is applicable in…

a)Agriculture areas b)Industrial areas c)Municipal areas d) All of the above

Answer: - Option D Explanation:-The 5Rs principle is applicable in all areas.

41. DDT is a pesticide which is

a) Not soluble in water b). More soluble in fat than water c) Less soluble in fat
than water d) Not soluble in fat

Answer : B

42. National Science Day is celebrated on

a)22 Feburary b)28 Feburary c)26 Feburary d)27 Feburary

Answer : B

43. Environmental friendly products are given ISO certification called ISO.

A.12000 B.13000 C.14000 D.15000

Answer : C

44. A sudden uncontrolled descent of a mass of earth under the force gravity is called

A. soil erosion B. mining C. earth quake D. landslide

Answer : D

45. Public awareness can be generated by

A. Campaigns B. Posters C. Mass Media D. All of the above

Answer : D

46. Along with government, _______ are also found effective to educate people regarding
environment protection.

A. Company B. School C. None of above D.NGOs

Answer : D

47. The study of living organisms with the environment is known as ____________

A. Ecosystem B. Environment C. Community D. Ecology

Answer : D

48. The word „Environment‟ is derived from

A. Greek B. French C. Spanish D. English

Answer : B

49. WWF stands for

A. World Wildlife fund for Nature B. World Wildlife found in Nature C. World Wide
fund for Nature D. World Wide fund for Wildlife

Answer : C

50. The collection of the same species within an area is called a population.

A. True B. False

Answer : A

51. World environment day is on

A.5 May B.5 June C.18 July D.16 August

Answer : B

52. Social awareness encourages people to use

A. Biomass and solar energy B. Fossil fuel C. Both A & B D.

Electricity

Answer : A

53. Rain fall is measured in........ units

A. Pounds B.mm/cms C. Kg/Tons D. Metres

Answer : B

54. Conservation of forests by planting trees is

A. Afforestation B. None of the abve C. Reforestation D. Deforestation

Answer : A
55. Environmental Studies means

A.is an interdisciplinary academic field B. includes the natural environment, built

environment, and the sets of relationships between them C. methodically studies human
interaction with the environment D. all of the above

Answer : D

56. Environmental degradation is due to

A. rapid industrialization B. deforestation C. growing urbanization D. all above

Answer : D

57. Non-Governmental Organizations

A. are located primarily in more developed countries B. have become a powerful aspect of
environmental protection C. Work for a social change D. All of the above

Answer : D

58.Addition of contaminants to atmosphere causing disturbance in natural condition

_________

A. Polluter B. Polluting C. Pollution D. Pollutant

Answer : C

59. The Unlimited exploitation of nature by human being has not resulted in

A. Health Problem B. Decrease in biodiversity C. Tsumanis D. Environmental pollution

Answer : C

60. Acid rain occurs due to dissolution of __________ in rain water

A. Smoke B. Particles C. Gases D. Soot

Answer : C.

61.The unlimited Exploitation of Nature by Human being resulted in..

A. Environmental pollution B. Health Problems C. decrease in biodiversity D. all the

given

Answer : D

62.The conservation of natural resources

A. Was not encouraged in ancient India B. was encouraged in ancient india. C. Is recently
being used in India D. None of these
Answer : B

63.The Global Action plan adopted at Earth summit held at Rio de Janeiro in June 1972 is
also known as

A. Agenda 20 B. Agenda 22 C. Agenda 23 D. Agenda 21

Answer : D

64.Environmental Issues are discussed and solved in subject

A. Sociology B. Economics C.EVS D. None of the above

Answer : C

65. As per the French word Environner means

A. Atmosphere B. Earth & Sun C. Encircle & Surround D. Earth & Energy
Answer : C

66. USCB is short form for

A. United states Census Bureau B. United states Community Bureau C.

United Society for Communist & Beaurocrates D. None of the above

Answer : B

67. Earth Day is on

A.Jan-22 B.Feb-22 C.Mar-22 D.Ape-22

Answer : D

68. Environmental Studies:

A.is an interdisciplinary academic field B. methodically studies human interaction

with the environment C. includes the natural environment, built environment, and the sets
of relationship between them D. all of the above

Answer : D

69. Environmental Studies does not involve:

A. psychology B. demography C. ethics D. literature

Answer : D

70. Which of the following global trend is of great concern for the future of our
environment?
A. degradation of fertile soils B. change in the global atmosphere C. species
extinction leading to the loss of biodiversity D. All of the above

Answer : D

71. High level radioactive waste can be managed in which of the following ways?

A. Open dumping B. Composting C. Incineration D. Dumping in sealed container

Answer : D

72.The objective of environmental education is

A.Raise consciousness about environmental education B. To teach environmentally

appropriate behaviour C.Create an environmental ethic that fosters awareness
about ecological inter-dependence of economics, social and political D.All of the above

Answer : D

73.Which of the following is an example of impact of development activities on the

Hydrosphere?

A. Air pollution B. Noise pollution C.Soil erosion D.Water pollution

Answer : D

74. Important abiotic factor in environment include which of the following?

A. Temperature B. Wind C. Water D. All of the above

Answer : D

75. Atmosphere may extents to a height of ......km above the earth surface

A) 80 B) 8000 C) 800 D) 8

Answer : C

Unit 2

1.Energy resources derived from natural organic materials are called ________.

a) geothermal energy sources b) fossil fuels c) Biomass d) All of the above

Answer:-D Explanation:-Energy resources derived from natural organic materials are called
natural resources.

2.Transfer of energy from source of plants through a series of organism is known as

______________
a) Food web b) Energy cycle c) Food chain d) Biological system

Answer:-D Explanation:-Transfer of energy from source of plants through a series of

organism is known as Biological system

3.Which of the following is a disadvantage of renewable energy?

a) High pollution b) Available only in few places c) High running cost

d) Unreliable supply

Answer: d Explanation: Renewable energy often relies on the weather for its sources of
power. Hydro generators need rain to fill dams and thereby provide electricity. Wind
turbines need wind to turn the blades. Solar collectors need clear skies and sunshine.

4.A Solar cell is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity
by the ____________

a) Photovoltaic effect b) Chemical effect c) Atmospheric effect d) Physical

effect

Answer: a Explanation: The photovoltaic effect was first discovered in 1839 by Edmond
Becquerel. The hotovoltaic effect is a process that generates voltage or electric current in a
photovoltaic cell when it is exposed to sunlight.

5.In hydroelectric power, what is necessary for the production of power throughout the
year?

a) Dams filled with water b) High amount of air c) High intense sunlight
d) Nuclear power

Answer: a Explanation: Dams are used for power generation. The reservoir water is stored
at a higher level than the turbines, which are housed in a power station. The dam feed water
directly to the turbines in the power station.

6.The main composition of biogas is _______________

a) Methane b) Carbon dioxide c) Nitrogen d) Hydrogen

Answer: a Explanation: Biogas is one of the types of bio fuel that is produced from the
decomposition of organic waste. Biogas is known as the environmentally-friendly energy
source since it is converting organic waste into energy. The composition of biogas is as
follows: – Methane 50-75%, Carbon dioxide 25-50%, Nitrogen 0-10%, Hydrogen 0-1%.

7.Which Ministry is mainly responsible for research and development in renewable energy
sources such as wind power, small hydro, biogas and solar power?

a) Human Resource Development b) Agriculture and Farmers Welfare c) Ministry of

New and Renewable Energy d) Health and Family Welfare
 Answer: c Explanation: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy is a ministry of the
Government of India. The ministry is working to develop renewable energy for
supplementing the energy requirements of India. It is headquartered in Lodhi Road, New
Delhi.

8.Which among the following have a large amount of installed grid interactive renewable
power capacity in India?

a) Wind power b) Solar power c) Biomass power d) Small Hydro power

Answer: a Explanation: Wind power having capacity 29000 MW holds 56.8%, Solar power
having capacity 9500 MW holds 18.5%, Biomass power having capacity 8200 MW holds
16%, Small Hydro power having capacity 4400 MW holds 8.5%.

9.The world‟s first 100% solar powered airport located at ____________

a) Cochin, Kerala b) Bengaluru, Karnataka c) Chennai, Tamil Nadu d)

Mumbai, Maharashtra

Answer: a Explanation: Cochin International airport, the fourth-largest airport in India in

terms of international traffic, now runs entirely on solar power. Cochin International
Airport became the world‟s first fully solar powered airport on 18 August 2015.

10.Which of the following is not under the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy?

a) Wind energy b) Solar energy c) Tidal energy d) Large hydro

Answer: d Explanation: According to a recent survey large hydro installed capacity was
44.41 GW. The large hydro is administered separately by the Ministry of Power and not
included in Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.

11.Where is the largest Wind Farm located in India?

a) Jaisalmer Wind Park, Rajasthan b) Muppandal Wind Farm, Tamil Nadu c)

Vaspet Wind Farm, Maharashtra d) Chakala Wind Farm, Maharashtra

Answer: b Explanation: Muppandal Wind Farm produces 1500 MW of current capacity.

Muppandal Wind Farm is the second largest onshore wind farm in the world. This Wind
Farm supplies power to many regions in Tamil Nadu.

12.Which Indian enterprise has the Motto “ENERGY FOREVER”?

a) Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency b) Indian Non-Renewable Energy

Development c) Indian Agricultural Development d) Indian Biotechnology Development
Answer:a Explanation: Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency established in 1987
as Non-Banking Financial Institution. It is engaged in promoting, developing and extending
financial assistance for setting up projects which are relating to new and renewable sources
of energy.

13.The primary composition of coal is _______________

a) Nitrogen b) Carbon c) Oxygen d) Hydrogen

Answer: b Explanation: Coal is a naturally found fossil fuel formed by the anaerobic decay of
plant life taking place over millions of years. It is extracted from the underground by coal
mining. The primary composition of coal is carbon while nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen
comes under secondary composition.

14.Which Ministry is mainly responsible for refining, distribution, import, export of

petroleum products and natural gas in India?

a) Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas b) Ministry of Fossil Fuel c) Ministry of

Non-Renewable Energy d) Ministry of Oil

Answer: a Explanation: Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas is a ministry of the

Government of India. The ministry is working to develop the exploration and exploitation of
petroleum resources for supplementing the energy requirements of India. At present the
ministry is headed by the Cabinet Minister Dharmendra Pradhan (2014-Incumbent).

15.Where is the first oil well drilled in Asia?

a) Karachi, Pakistan b) Assam, India c) Tokyo, Japan d ) Kandy, Sri Lanka

Answer: b Explanation: Oil deposits were first discovered in Assam-Arrakan Basin at Digboi
in 1889. In 1901, Asia‟s first oil refinery was set at Digboi in Assam. Digboi is the oldest oil
well operating in India. In order to look after the oil business in this area, Assam Oil
Company was formed in 1899.

16.The most abundantly available fossil fuel in India is _____________

a) Coal b) Natural Gas c) Petroleum d) Oil

Answer: a Explanation: Coal is the most abundantly available fossil fuel in India. There are
different forms of coal available they are, 1) Peat: Peat is produced by the decaying of plants
in swamps. 2) Bituminous: It derives its name after liquid called bitumen. 3) Lignite: This
form is used to produce electricity. 4) Anthracite: It has more than 90% carbon content per
kg and it is the best quality coal.

17.What is Palar pani?

a) Spring b) Milk c) River water d) Rain water

Answer: d Explanation: Palar Pani is the commonly used name for rain water. This term is
mainly used in Rajasthan. In Rajasthan Palar Pani means “Meetha Panni” which mainly
stored and used for household works like working and drinking.

18.Which of the following is the major source of fresh water which is available in India?

a) Ocean water b) River water c) Pond water d) Ground water

Answer: d Explanation: Ground water is the major source of fresh water in India. Ground
water can‟t see or can‟t access easily. The important role of ground water sources play in
the water cycle is that they are the primary sources for human consumption.

19.At what time usually rainfall is recorded in India?

a) 4 P.M. b) 6 P.M. c) 8 P.M. d) 10 P.M.

Answer: c Explanation: We can record the amount of rainfall by the device called as a rain
gauge. The usual time of recording for rainfall is 8 A.M in Indian time. Different countries
have different rainfall recording timings. The some total of all the measurements during the
previous 24 hours is register at 8 A.M in the morning.

20.The total surface of water in the earth surface is_________________

a) 65% b) 69% c) 71% d) 75%

Answer: c Explanation: The total surface of the water in the earth surface is 71%, while the
other 29% consists of Continents and Islands. The oceans hold about 96.5% of all Earth‟s
water. The remaining 3.5% of water is stored in other water bodies.

21.Which planet is also known as blue planet?

a) Mercury b) Venus c) Earth d) Mars

Answer: c Explanation: About 71% of the earth‟s surface is covered in water, which
appears blue from space. Earth is known as blue planet because of its blue visibility when
we see it from outer space. No other planet is having such a large amount of water this is
also the reason for its blue color.

22.Ground water is accessed by______________

a) Drilling wells b) Drip irrigation c) Check bunds d) Constructing canals

Answer: a Explanation: Ground water is commonly accessed either through a bore or well. A
well is a vertical shaft which is dug into the ground. In order to drill a well we need to have a
permission from the government. Government provide „take and use license‟ in most cases.
23.Which Indian state is the largest producer of gold?

a) Karnataka b) Kerala c) Assam d) Goa

Answer: a Explanation: Karnataka is the largest producer of gold in India. The Kolar Gold
Fields which is located in Kolar which was one of the largest producers of gold in India was
shut down. Presently there are two main gold mines located in Karnataka they are Hutti and
Raichur gold mines which produce almost 84% of India‟s gold.

24. For the policy level guidelines for mineral sector, which policy is formed?
a) National Resources Policy b) National Mineral Policy c) National Regulation
Policy d) National Legislation Policy

Answer: b Explanation: National Mineral Policy was started in 1993. The main aim of this
policy is liberalization of the mining sector and to encouraging the flow of investment
especially in private investment and mining. In the 2008 reform it address in the areas of
mining sector. 25.Which state in India is the largest producer of diamond ores?

a) Karnataka b) West Bengal c) Rajasthan d) Madhya Pradesh

Answer: d Explanation: Madhya Pradesh is the only state in India which produce diamond.
The unit used to measure diamond is Carats. Diamond is classified under non-metallic
mineral. The largest project of diamond in India is the Bunder project which is located in
Madhya Pradesh.

26. The copper production in India to that of world‟s production is about_________%

a) 10% b) 2% c) 0.5% d) 0.2%

Answer: d Explanation: Copper production in India is just about 0.2% in the world. But still,
in the production rate it is still within the top 20 countries in the world. Copper mining
production is about 0.2% but refined copper production is 4% of word‟s production.

27. The position of India in terms of production of Aluminium is________

a) 4th b) 3rd c) 2nd d) 1st

Answer: a Explanation: India stands 4th position in the aluminium production in the world.
China stands 1st position in the aluminium production in the world. Russia in 2nd place.
Canada stands in 3rd place. The aluminium production in India is around 2750 tonnes.

28. Kudremukh hills which is known for iron ore deposit is situated in ____________

a) Kerala b) Karnataka c) Goa d) Tamil Nadu

Answer: b Explanation: Kudremukh which is known as an iron ore mining town is located
in Chikkamagaluru district in Karnataka state. The government runs an iron ore company
known as Kudremukh Iron Ore Company Ltd(KIOCL).

29. continuous are of land surrounded by ocean is called__________________

a) Seashore b) Beach c) Landmass d) Wetland

Answer: c Explanation: Landmass may be often written as one word to distinguish it from
the usage „landmass‟ which means a measure of land. Landmass includes super continents,
continents. Hence a land surrounded by oceans continuously is called as landmass.

30. How many major continuous landmass are there?

a) One b) Two c) Three d) Four

Answer: d Explanation: On earth, there are four major continuous landmasses are there.
They are, Afro-Rurasia, the Americans, Antarctica and Australia. A part from the above four
major continuous landmasses there are many minor landmasses also present.

31. Land capable of being ploughed and used to grow crops is called as________________

a) Domestic land b) Arable land c) Un arable land d) Dry land

Answer: b Explanation: Arable land is land that can be used for growing crops. Country with
the most arable land in the world is United States having the share of 10.5% of the world‟s
arable land. India stands in the second position with the production of 9.22%.

32.Out of the total land area, how many million hectares of land suffer from degradation?

a) 150 b) 175 c) 200 d) 225

Answer: b Explanation: 175 million hectares of land area suffer from degradation. Land
degradation is caused largely by soil erosion but also by water logging and excessive
salinity. The high degree of degradation will affect the existing land resources.

33.Wearing away of a field‟s topsoil by the natural physical forces of water and wind is
known as_____________

a) Wind erosion b) Soil erosion c) Water erosion d) Sand erosion

Answer: b Explanation: Along with water and wind there is one more factor that determines
the soil erosion and that is through forces associated with farming activities such as tillage,
erosion, whether it is by water or wind.

34. Estimate of the ability of soils to resist erosion, based on the physical characteristics of
each soil is known as__________________

a) Soil erodibility b) Soil erosion c) Soil potentiality d) Soil neutrality

Answer: a Explanation: Texture is the principle characteristic affecting erodibility.

Generally, soils with faster infiltration rates, higher levels of organic matter and improved
soil structure have a greater resistance to erosion.

35. Low lying tract of land enclosed by dikes that forms an artificial hydrological entity is
known as_________________

a) Polder b) Resign c) Derelict d) Catchment

Answer: a Explanation: A polder has no connection with outside water other than through
manually operated device used. There are three types of the polder. They are, Land
reclaimed, flood plains and the last one is marshes.
36. Hydroponics is a technique of growing crops without__________________

a) Water b) Air c) Soil d) Sunlight

Answer: c Explanation: Hydroponics is the technique of growing plants in a soil less

medium, or an aquatic based environment. Hydroponics is a subset of hydro culture.
Hydroponic growing uses mineral nutrient solutions to feed the plants.

37. The thin layer of grainy substance covering the surface of the earth is called as________

a) Mineral b) Soil c) Sand d) Chemical fertilizers

Answer: b Explanation: Soil is the material found on the surface of the earth that is
composed of organic and inorganic Page 26 of 95 material. Soil varies in its composition and
the structure of its particles. Soil is a vital important to the sustainability of an ecosystem.

38. Process of conversion of productive land to arid or semi arid lands is known
as________________

a) Deforestation b) Deformation c) Landform d) Desertification

Answer: d Explanation: Desertification is classified into two types, moderate desertification

in which 10 to 25% drop in productivity and one more is serious desertification in which
there is more than a 50% drop in the productivity. This desertification leads to depletion of
ground water.

39. In which forest we can see deforestation to large extent?

a) Atlantic forest b) Amazon forest c) Borneo forest d) Sumatra forest

Answer: b Explanation: According to World Wildlife report Amazon forest is the region
where we can see more number of deforestation than any other region. Amazon forest
which is the world‟s largest forest is also the site of the biggest projected loss due to
deforestation.

40. The biggest driver of deforestation is_______________

a) Agriculture b) Forest fire c) Volcanic activities d) Soil erosion

Answer: a Explanation: The biggest driver of deforestation is Agriculture. This is due to,
farmers cut forests to provide more space for planting crops. The other reason is grazing
livestock. The process of burning of trees by cutting them is known as slash agriculture.

41. Identify the uses of water

a) Domestic b) Industrial c) Agricultural d) All the above

Answer: d

42.Which metals are used for making Jewellery?

a) Sodium, Potassium b) Zinc, Tungsten c) Iron, Copper, Aluminium d) Gold, silver, platinum
Answer: d

43.Write example of Non-metallic minerals

a)Lime b)Haematite c)Cuprite d)Bauxite

Answer: a

43. Resources that can be replenished naturally in the course of time are called ________

a) cyclic resources b) Renewable Resources. c) non-renewable Resources. d) None

Answer: b

44.Solar energy is _________ form of energy

a)conventional b)nonconventional c)both a and b d)none

Answer: b

45.Productive functions of forest includesavailability of ____

a) Timber b) Bamboo c) Medicines d) all the above

Answer: d

46.nuclear fission, nuclear decay and nuclear fusion are________

a) general processes b) special processes c) nuclear processes d) none

Answer: c

47.Minerals such as Gasoline, Copper, and Zinc production are estimated to decline in the
next _____years.

a) 5 b) 10 c) 15 d) 20

Answer: d

48.About _____% of the earth‟s water is strong saline.

a) 50 b) 25 c) 97 d) 100

Answer: c

49. Private companies misuse __________ for getting more profit.

a) Natural resources b) Money Page 28 of 95 c) Manpower d) None

Answer: a
50. In 2018 the total world energy came from ___% fossil fuels

a) 64 b) 60 c) 74 d) 70

Answer: a

51. Deregulation and privatization of energy sector is a _____strategyfor sustainability.

a) Medium-term strategy b) Long – term strategy c) Immediate term strategy d) none

Answer: b

52. Dams are constructed across the river is used for generating ____

a) Thermal power b) wind power c) tidal power d) Hydro electricity

Answer: d

53.Which one among the following covers the highest percentage of forest area in the
world? a) Temperate Coniferous forests b) Temperate Deciduous forest c) Tropical
Monsoon forests d) Tropical Rain forests Answer: a

54. Plants get their nitrogen from–

a) Rain b) Soil c) Air d) bed rock

Answer: b

55.Forest is responsible for

a)water shed protection b)land erosion control c)providing economic and environmental
benefits d)All of the above

Answer: d

56.--- is the perpetual source of energy.

a) nuclear reactor b) Hydropower c) solar energy d) None of the above

Answer: c

57.which of the following is not renewable resources? a) Coal b) wind power c) Geo thermal
energy d) thermal energy

Answer: a

58.The main causes of deforestation is a)overgrazing b)Agriculture industry and other

developmental project c)Timber extraction d)all of the above

Answer: d
59.water logging and soil salinity are the outcomes of…

a) over- irrigation b) Mining c) soil erosion d) acid rain

Answer: a

59.Wind energy is harnessed as ----------------- energy with the help of windmill .

a) Mechanical b) Solar c) Electrical d) Heat

Answer: a

60. Any material that can be transform into more valuable and useful product for all service
is called as

a) Resource b) Minerals c) Product d) None of the above

Answer: a

61. Burning of fossil fuels

a) decreases green house gases b) increases green house gases c) increase level of oxygen
d) increase level of ethane

Answer: b

63.All forms of water that comes down on Earth, including rain, show, hailetc. is

a)precipitation b)Calcification c)Fixation d)None of the above

Answer: a

64.when the water is ejected from earth‟s interior in the form of hot water it is called

a)Geyser b)hot springs c)both( a) and (b) d)None of the above

Answer: b

65.Green revolution is associated with ---------------

a) Sericulture b) Agriculture c) fish culture d) None of the above

Answer: b

66.Which gas is likely to be reduced in the atmosphere by deforestation?

a) Carbon dioxide b) Nitrogen c) Oxygen d) All of the above

Answer: c

67.Which of the following enhances soil fertility ?

 a) Improved methods of agriculture b) crop rotation c) Using new seed verities d)
Irrigation Answer: b

68.Forest is an example of

a) Marine ecosystem b)Limnic ecosystem c) Artificial Ecosystem d)Terrestial Ecosystem

Answer: d

69.The resources that can be replaced by natural ecological cycle is called

a) renewable b) non renewable c) exhaustible d)natural

Answer: a

70. The amount of oil that may become available foruse is called oil ________.

a) Reserves b) Reservoir c) Resources d) Trap

Answer: c

71. A coal deposit that is not economical to mine today would be considered part of our
_______

a) coal reserves b) coal resources c) coal reservoir d) None of the above

Answer: b

72.What is the leading source of energy used in the UnitedStates today?

a) Coal b) oil resources c) natural gas d) nuclear power

Answer: b

73. Energy resources derived from natural organic materials are called ________.

a) geothermal energy sources b) fossil fuels c) Biomass d) All of the above

Answer: b

74. All oil traps contain __________

a) an impermeable layer b) an anticline c) Fault d) All of the above

Answer: a

75. The world has the least amount of which of the following fuel types.

a)oil b)coal c)urenium d)there are roughly equal amounts of each of these fuels

Answer: a