ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB -I

VIVA QUESTIONS

Exp.No.1 LOAD TEST ON D.C. SHUNT MOTOR

1.Why should the field rheostat be kept in the position of minimum resistance?

2.What is the loading arrangement used in a de motor?

3.How can the direction of rotation of a DC shunt motor be reversed?

4.What are the mechanical and electrical characteristics of a DC shunt motor?

5.What are the applications of a DC shunt motor?

Exp.No.2 LOAD TEST ON D.C. SERIES MOTOR

1.Why a DC series motor should never be stared without load?

2. Why a DC series motor hasa high starting torque?

3.Compare the resistances of the field windings of DC shunt and series motor?

4.What are the applications of DC series motor?

5. Comment on the Speed- Torque characteristics of aDC series motor.

6. How does the torque vary with the armature current in a DC series motor?
 Exp.No. 3 SPEED CONTROL OF DC SHUNT MOTOR

1.How does the speed of a DC shunt motor vary with armature voltage and field current?

2. Compare the resistance of the armature and field winding.

3.What is the importance of speed control of DC motor in industrial applications?

4.Which is of the two methods of speed control is better and why?

5.Why is the speed of DC shunt motor practically constant under normal load condition?
6. What are the factors affecting the speed of a DC shunt motor?

EXP.N0.4 0CC& LOAD TEST ON SEPERATELY EXCITED DC

GENERATOR

1 What is the principle of generator?

2 What is meant by esidual magnetism?

3 What is critical field resistance?

4 What is mant by saturation?

5 What are the reasons for the drooping load characteristics?
6. What is the difference between external and intemal characteristics?

7 Write the voltage equation of a separately excited DC generator. State the difference between
generated emf and terminal voltage.
 Exp. No. 5 0CC AND LOAD TEST ON DC SHUNT GENERATOR

1 What is the difference between a separately excited de generator and dc shunt generator?
2 If a DC shunt generator fails to build up voltage, what may be the probable reasons?
3. What is SPST? What is its use in this experiment?
4 What is the reason the presence of esidual magnetism in he field poles?

5. Why does the terminal voltage decrease as the load current increases?
6 Write the voltage equation of a DC shunt generator. State the difference between generated emf
and terminal voltage.

Exp.No. 7LOAD TEST ON SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER

1 What is the principle of a transformer?

2 What are the types of transformer?

3 What are the applications of transfomer?

4 Why is the capacity ofa transfomer specified as KVA and not as KW?

5. What is the condition for maximum efticiency of a transformer From the graph, find the load at
which it occurs.

6 Why is the efficiency of a transfomer higher than that of motors?

 EXP.N0. 8 0C AND SC TESTS ON SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER

1. What is the purpose of OC and SC tests?

2. Why is the core of a transformer laminated?
3. What is meant by regulation?
4. Define the term transformation ratio?

5. What are the components of no load current?

6. What are the parameters of the equivalent circuit?

7. How are the parameters referred to the HV or LV side? Explain with an example.
EXP.N0.9 SWINBURNE'S TEST

1 What is the pupose of Swinburne's test?

2 What are the cons tant losses in a DC machine?

3 What are the assumptions made in Swinbume's test?

4 Why is the indirect mehod prefered to the direct loading test?
5. The efficiency of DC machine is generally higher when it works as a generator than when it
works as a motor. Is this statement true or false? Justify your answer with proper reasons.

VIVA QUESTIONS:

1. What is meant by voltage regulation?

2. What is meant by Synchronous Impedance?

3. What is OC test ?

4. What is SC test?

5. What is meant by mmf or field ampere turns?

 1. What is meant by ZPF Test?

2. What is Potier reactance? How is it determined by Potier triangle?

3. What is meant by armature reaction reactance?
4. What is the significance of the ASA modification of MMF method?

5. What is air gap line in Potier method?

Viva Questions-DC machines

1.Why Series motors cannot be started without load?

2. Advantages of DC motors over AC motors
3. What are the applications of DC series motors?
4. What is back emf and its significance in DC motor?
5. How speed is controlled in DC shunt motor?
6. Why starter is required in DC motor for starting?
7. What is critical resistance in DC motor?
8. What are the different losses in DC motor?
9. What is Armature Reaction in DC motor and its impact?
10. What is Commutation failure?
11. Advantages of Dummy windings in DC motors?
12. On what principle does DC motor operates?
13. What are the applications of DC Shunt motors?
14. What is the typical brush drop in DC motors?
15. Draw different characteristic curves of DC motors?
16. By carrying out brake test on DC motors what we can understand?
17. Explain Fleming's Left hand and Right hand rule and which rule applies to motor and
Generator

Electrical Engineering Lab Viva Questions

1. What is the need for starters?
2. Which is the basic protective device in any circuit?
3. Name the material used for Fuse.
4. Why is fuse rated for amperes?
5. What are the protective devices incorporated in DC starters?
6. Why is the field rheostat of de motor kept at minimum resistance position and that of generator
in maximum resistance position?
7. Why is the armature rheostat of de motor kept at maximum resistance position?
8. Write the emf equation of DC and AC machine.
9. Write the torque equation of DC motor.
10. Draw the torque-slip characteristics of 3 phase induction motor and explain.
1l.Explain the mechanical characteristics of DC shunt motor using electrical characteristics and
N/la characteristics.
12. How are the ammeters and voltmeters connected in any circuit?
13. What is the difference between MI and MC type instruments?
14. How are MI meters used for measuring both ac and dc quantities?
15. Name the different types of DCand AC starters.
16. What is back emf? Give its significance.
17. What is the difference between self excited and separately excited machines?
18. Name the types of self excitedde machine.
19. Give the applications of cach type of dc motor and de generator.
20. What are the losses in dc machine?
21. How is the eddy current loss minimized in de machine?
22. Name the parts of de machine.
23. What is the use of commutator and brushes?
24. Name the material used for armature and core of de machine.
25. Why is armature resistance less than field resistance of de shunt machine?
26. Why is armature resistance more than field resistance of de series machine?
27. Why is series motor best suited for traction applications?
28. Why shouldn't dc series motor started at no load?
29. Define transformer.
30. What is the secondary side frequency of transformer?
31. What are the various types of transformer?
32. What are the methods of speed control of de motors?
33. What do you mean by transformation coefficient?
34. What is the difference between two winding transformer and auto transformer?
35. Why transformers and alternators are rated with kVA?
36. What is the operating power factor of de machine?
37. What is meant by power factor? Explain.
38. What do you mean by complex power?
39. What will happen if de supply is connected to transformer?"
40. What are the parts of transfomer?
41.What is regulation with respect to i)transformer iijalternator
42. Why are synchronous motors not self starting? What are the methods of starting?
43. Why are single phase induction motors not self starting? Classify them according to the
starting methods.
44. What are the types of alternators?
45. Why is regulation so important for transformers and alternators?
46. What are the parts of synchronous machine? Name the material used in various parts.
47. Why is synchronous motor referred as doubly excited machine?
48. What is the result of varying the excitation of synchronous motor?
49. What is slip of an induction motor?
50. Why is always the induction motor running with less than the speed of rotating magnetic field?
51. What is slip frequency?
52. What will happen when the slip is 100% and zero?
53. What are the types of 3 phase induction motors?
54. How is the starting torque improved in slip ring induction motor? Justify mathematically.
55. Why is 3 phase induction motor referred as rotating transformer with short-circuited
secondary?
S6. What is the use of end rings in squirel cage induction motor?
57. Why transformers have highest efficiency than any other electrical machine?
58. What is mutual inductance?
59.What is the principle of motor, generator and transformer?
60. How will you find the direction of induced emf in generator and the direction of motion of the
conductor in motor?
61.How will you reverse the direction of rotation of i) dc motor ii) ac motor?
62. What is the difference between rheostat and potentiometer?
63. What is L, F, A, N in dc starters?
64. What is M, L,C, and V in wattmeter?
65. What is LPF, UPF and ZPF?
66. What is E andC in autotransformer?
67. What do you mean by power frequency?
68. What are the advantages and disadvantages of autotransformer?
69, What are the disadvantages of low power factor?
70. What are the methods of speed control of ac motors?
71.Why are electrical loads used for generators and motors whereas mechanical loads for motors?
72. What do you mean by stray losses in de machine?
73. Given transformers A and B with following details:
A: n=96% & reg: 5.8%
B: n= 94% & reg: 5.2%
Which transformer will you select? Justify your answer.
74.Given4 terminals without indication. How will you manage to find the field and armature
terminals of i) dc shunt machine ii) de series machine.
75. What is the advantage of equivalent circuit?
76. What is meant by magnetizing current and working component of current with respect to
transformer?
77. Give the relation between line and phase values of i) star connected network ii) delta connected
network.
78.When can the squirrel cage machine be loaded to its fullest capacity? i) Star connection of stator
ii) delta connection of stator.
79. How can the hysteresis loss of any machine be minimized?
80.What are the methods of electrical braking?