E XERCISE

REVIEW SHEET
7 Overview of the Skeleton

Name
LabTime/Date

Bone Markings
1. Match the terms in
column B with the appropriate description in
column A:
ColumnA Column B
1. sharp, slender process condyle
Tubexcie 2. small rounded projection foramen

iube.o
Head
sit 3. large rounded

4.
projection
structure supported on neck
fossa

head

Ramur 5. armlike projection meatus

Condijie 6. rounded, convex projection ramuS

7. canal-like structure
sinus

Tote men 8. round or oval opening through a bone spine

9. shallow depression trochanter

Siuws 10. air-filled cavity

tubercle
Irochaute 11. large, irregularly shaped projection
tuberosity

Classification of Bones
2. The four major anatomical classifications of bones are long, short, flat, and irregular.Which category has the least
amount of spongy bone relative to its total volume? na bone
3. Classify each of the bones in the following chart into one of the four major
categories by checking the appropriate
column. Use appropriate references as necessary.

Long Short Flat Irregular

Humerus
Phalanx
Parietal (skull bone)
Calcaneus (tarsal bone)
Rib
Vertebra

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Review Sheet 7
Gross Anatomy of the
4. Use the
terms
used more thanbelow to
Typical Long Bone
identify the
the
bracketsin the
diagrams.
(Some terms are
statements following the
once.) After labelingstructures lines and characterize
marked by leader
diagrams. the diagrams, use the Msted terms
to
red marrow
Key: articular cartilage spongybone
spongy bone
compact bone epiphyseal line trabeculae of
yellow marrow
,diaphysis epiphysis
medullary cavity /
endosteum periosteum

oum
Red of yarro
(type Enaring)
Compact one
marrow)
Epiphyseal
Prosimal /n:: yellouy Matrow
bpiehycic
perioxteun)

Co mpacA
Bone

(b) Artiwlar
Diapnyeis Curilage

Mecular auity Trabeeu at

bone
Sonoy bone

Distal Articular aihilage

(a) (c)

Diaghusic 1. made almost entirely of compact

bone izighacis 4. scientific term for bone end

Red Marrow 2. site of blood cell formation Mellaw Manuw 5. contains fat in adult bones
Periocteum. 3. fibrous membrane that covers
the bone izipseal hae 6. growth plate remnant
5. What differences between compact and spongy Done calo oo ne naked eye?_ NIh e okce ae

bune loo
 Review Sheet 7 75

Chemical Composition of Bone

6. What is the function of the organic matrix in bone? ratices ¢levAt,4eriieucirelg tn haEraulework r
mineralinato" allowing bon tr to relist benaingtretcniag
7 Name the important organic bone component.Callaaen Eoes,Cal
8. Calcium salts form the bulk of the inorganic material in bone. What is the function of the calcium salts?

9. Which is responsible for bone structure? (circle the appropriate response)

inorganic portion (bone salts) organic portion both contribute

Microscopic Structure of Compact Bone

Toace tne route that nutrients take through a bone, starting with the periosteum and ending with an
osteocyte in a lacuna.
Periosteum
ertoraknq Canals Central Canalk
Canaliculuc Lanuaat osteocyte
11. On the photomicrograph of bone below (480x), identify all structures listed in the key to the left.
Key: canaliculi
central canal
lamellae
lacuna
bone matrix \ane llae
Canaieui
Lacurq
Central cara