ONELINER FACTS

GENERAL SCIENCE
n Physics
l What are physical quantities that are independent of each other? Fundamental quantities
l What is a fixed quantity arbitrarily chosen to measure a physical quantity? Unit
l Which is a derived unit among metre, kilogram, second and joule? Joule
l In which system, length is measured in cm? In CGS system
l What is the unit of force? Newton or kg-m/s 2
l Joule is the unit of which physical quantity? Work and energy
l What is the unit of area in the SI system? Metre 2
3
l kg/ metre is the unit of which physical quantity? Density
l What is the unit of magnetic intensity? Gauss
l How many metres are there in 1 light year? 9.46 × 10 15 m
l How many watts are there in one horse power? 746 watts
l What is measured in cusecs? Water flow
l How many litres are there in a barrel? 158.987 litres
l What is the minimum measurement that can be accurately detected by an instrument? Least count
l What will be the number of significant figures in the number 2.0032? Five
l Who defined motion firstly? Newton
l What is the total length travelled by a moving particle or object on a path? Distance
l What is the minimum distance between the initial and final positions of moving object called?
Displacement
l If the speed of an object moving along a straight line keeps changing, then what is called the speed
of that object? Non-uniform speed
l If an object is displaced uniformly in a certain direction in equal intervals of time, then what is the
velocity of the object called? Uniform velocity
l If the change in velocity of the object is zero at any time interval, what will be the value of average
acceleration? Zero
l What is the first equation of motion? v = u + at
l Which quantity remains constant in an object falling from a height? Acceleration
l What will be the third equation of motion? v² = u² + 2as
l What is the tendency of an object to oppose the state of rest or the state of motion called?
Inertia (SSC CGL (T-1) 2022)
l What is reason for fruits breaking and falling down when tree branch is shaken? Inertia of rest
l What does Newton's first law define? Inertia (CGPSC 2020)
l A cricket player pulling his hand back while taking a catch, is an example of which law of motion?
Second law of motion

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l On which principle does a jet engine work? Principle of conservation of linear momentum
l What is called the force opposing the relative motion between a moving object and a surface?
Friction force
l What is the product of force and displacement applied on an object called? Work
l What is the rate of doing work called? Power
l What type of energy does a moving object contain? Kinetic energy
l Energy can neither be destroyed nor created, but energy can be changed from one form to another.
What is this rule called? Law of conservation of energy
l What is the fuel obtained from plant remains buried deep in the earth’s surface for millions of years
called? Fossil fuel
l The point in an object at which its entire magnitude is concentrated. What is it called?Centre of mass
l What is called parallel force acting on an object in two equal but opposite directions? Couple of force
l What is the motion as a rigid body called in which a fixed line of motion remains constant, but the
angular position of the particle of the body changes with time? Rotational motion
l Why are spokes used in bicycle wheels? To increase moment of inertia
l Which of the following scissors, hammer, pliers, lemon squeezer is not a first class lever?
Lemon squeezing machine
l Which simple machine is used in See-Saw? Lever
l What is called that force in which earth attracts all objects towards its centre?
Gravity (Gravitational force)
l If the distance between the Earth and the Sun was doubled, what would be the gravity of the Sun
on the Earth? 1/4th of present
l What is the effect of gravity when going above the surface of the earth?
Acceleration due to gravity decreases
l What is the weight of the object at the center of the earth? Zero
l What are the celestial bodies revolving around the planets called? satellite
l If an apple is released from a revolving spacecraft, what will be its speed?
will move along with the spacecraft at its speed
l What is the property of an object due to which the object does not try to return to its previous state
after the deforming force is removed? Plasticity
l Within the elastic limit, stress is always proportional to the produced strain. Who gave this law?
Robert Hooke-Hooke’s law
l What is the inverse of the volumetric elastic coefficient of a substance? Compressibility
l What is the force acting on a unit area of a surface called? Pressure (SSC CHSL (T-1) 2023)
l What will be the effect on pressure by making the wheel towers of vehicles wider?
Pressure will reduce
l What is the reason for clouds floating in the atmosphere?
The density of clouds is less than the density of air
l What is the common unit for measuring air pressure in India? Milli Bar (NDA 2023)
l What effect happens to the density of water, when it freezes? Density decreases
l What is the density of ice? 0.9 g/cm 3

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l Which scientist defined buoyancy? Archimedes
l Which principle is used to determine the purity of metal? Archimedes’ principle
l What depends on whether a body floats or sinks in a liquid? On the density of bodies and liquids
l Why are raindrops spherical? due to the surface tension of water
l Why does water mixed with soap clean clothes better than pure water?
Because soap reduces the surface tension of water
l On what principle does a fountain pen work? on the principle of capillarity
l What type of flow does it represent when all particles of a fluid pass through a path at the same
velocity? Streamline flow
l How will the flow of liquid, If the value of Reynolds number is between 0 and 2000? Streamline flow
l Bernoulli’s principle is based on the conservation of which physical quantity? On energy conservation
l On what principle does the sprinkler work? On the principle of Bernoulli
l What is the energy transferred due to temperature difference called? Heat
l What is called the physical factor that determines the direction of flow of thermal energy from one
object to another? Temperature
l What is the temperature of the outer surface of the Sun? 6000 kelvin
l What is the temperature below which heat cannot be obtained? – 273.15°C
l What is the relationship between Centigrate and Fahrenheit temperatures? F = 1.8C+32
l What is the water equivalent of a substance equal to?
The product of mass and specific heat capacity of the object
l Which among steel, quartz, iron and aluminum has the higher coefficient of linear expansion?
Aluminum (MPPSC (Pre) 2022)
l What is the reason for leaving an empty space between two railway tracks while joining them?
Expansion of tracks in summer
l When water is heated from 0°C to 10°C, what will be the effect on its volume?
Volume will first decrease then increase
l What is it called the process of change of substance from vapor state to liquid state?
Liquefication or Condensation
l What does the air conditioner installed in the room control? air velocity, humidity and temperature
l Why is ice cream colder than ice water? latent heat of ice is greater
l Whose law states that good emitters are also good absorbers? On Kirchhoff’s law
l Who gave this rule, emitted per second per unit area of an ideal black body the amount of
radiation is proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature? Stefan
l What is called that motion which repeated motion again and again on the same fixed path in a
fixed time interval? Periodic Motion
l What is called the periodic motion that occurs to and fro some point or point of equilibrium?
Simpe Harmonic Motion
l What type of motion perform by object when it inserted in an imaginary tunnel across the Earth?
Simple harmonic motion
l What will be the value of acceleration of a particle performing simple harmonic motion in
equilibrium position? Zero

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l Why does pendulum clock become sluggish(lazy) in summer?
Due to increase in the length of the pendulum
l What are the oscillations of an object which oscillates with a frequency other than its natural
frequency under external pressure called? Forced Oscillations
l What is required for mechanical wave propagation? Elasticity and inertia of the medium
l When a longitudinal wave passes through a certain medium, what is the quantity that is
transmitted from start to end in the medium? Energy
l What is the velocity of electromagnetic waves? 3 × 10 8 m/s
l Which of the following – microwave, infrared, visible light and X-ray – has the shortest
wavelength? X-ray
l What does called a form of mechanical energy that produces the sensation of hearing? Sound
l Whose voice has higher pitch among the male and female voices? female voice
l What does the loudness of sound depend on? Amplitude
l What is the frequency of Audible waves by humans? From 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz
l Which wave of sound is used to clean dust, grease and dirt particles due to its high frequency?
Ultrasonic waves
l What is the device used for find out the community of fishes inside the water and the depth of
the sea? Sonar
l What event causes this sound, if there is any obstacle, the sound gets bent from it and reaches our
ears? Causes of Diffraction of Sound
l What is the radiation that our eyes senses? Light
8
l What is the speed of light in vacuum? 3 ´ 10 m/s
l Who was firstly discovered the speed of light? Romer
l What is called the phenomenon of light returning after hitting the surface of an object?
Reflection of light
l What is a transparent medium surrounded by two surfaces of which one or both surfaces are spherical
called? Lens
l How is the image formed by a convex lens ,when the object is situated at infinity? Real and inverted
l Which color has the longest wavelength? red light
l Why does the Sun appear red while rising and setting? Due to scattering of light
l What is the reason for sea water turning blue? Scattering of blue light by molecules
l What is the image formed by a simple microscope? Virtual, erect and magnifying
l Who discovered the law of conservation of electric charge? Benjamin Franklin
l Why does the rod become negatively charged ,If a stick of abonite is rubbed on fur?
Due to increase of electrons
l How many electrons will combine to form one coulomb? 6.25 ´ 10 18
l Which metal is lightning conductor made of? Copper
l What will be the effect on the force of attraction and repulsion between them,If the distance
between charges increases? Decreased
l What is the unit of electric field intensity? Newton per Coulomb

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l How does the flow of charge flow between high potential and low potential?
From high to low potential
l What is the unit of electrical capacitance? Farad or coulomb/volt
l What is the device called which stores sufficient amount of charge? Capacitor
l What is the rate of charge flow in a conductor called? Electric Current
l What does electric current flow through in metals? Electrons
l Which instrument is used to measuring electric current? Ammeter
l What is the resistance of a superconductor? Almost zero
l What is the reciprocal of electrical resistance called? Electrical conductivity
l Which substance among lac, lead, charcol and ebonite is not an electrical insulator? Charcol
l What is the unit of specific resistance? Ohm-meter
l What is a combination of resistances in which equal current flows in each resistance called?
Series circuit
l In which combination of resistances, the potential on each resistance remains the same?
Parallel circuit
l What is the potential of a dry cell? 1.5 volt
l What is the combination of two or more electrochemical cells called? Battery
l Who invented the battery? Volta
l What Kirchhoff’s voltage law is a result of the conservation of? Energy conservation
l Which is the formula of heat generated is given by, if current I is in amperes, resistance R is in
ohms and time is in second? H = I 2 Rt
l What is the melting point of tungsten? 3422°C
l What is percentage of tubelight electrical energy is converted into light energy? 80% to 85%
l Which metal filaments are used in electric iron, heater, electric kettle etc.? of nichrome
l How many Joules is equal to one kilowatt hour? 3.6 × 10 6 joules
l What is the relationship between voltage V and resistance R and power P of an electric circuit?
P = V 2 /R
l From which coated thin layer on iron protects from rust is called Galvanization? Zinc
l What is the effect of placing a soft iron rod inside a current carrying solenoid?
The intensity of the magnetic field will increase
l How is the magnetic lines of force at the axis on current carrying solenoid? Parallel to the axis
l What is that wire called, which has a black covering in the domestic electrical circuit? Neutral Wire
l What is the area around the magnet in which the magnetic effect is experienced called?
Magnetic field
l Which ore is called a natural magnet? Magnetite
l Which lines emerge from the north pole of the bar magnet and merge at the south pole and do not
intersect with each other? Magnetic field lines
l What is the net force acting on a bar magnet placed in a uniform magnetic field? Zero
l What is it called, the temperature above which ferromagnetic material changes into paramagnetic
material? Curie temperature

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l Which materials among copper, soft iron, rubber, cobalt and steel make permanent magnets?
Cobalt and steel
l At which place is the Earth's magnetic field horizontal? Magnetic Equator
l Who gave that rule, the direction of the induced current always opposes the cause that caused It
arises by itself? Lenz
l What is Lenz’s law based on conservation of? Conservation of energy
l What principle does the microphone work on? Electromagnetic induction
l What produces AC current? dynamo
l Why is choke coil used in alternating current circuit? To control the current
l Which element in a direct current generator is different from that in an alternating current
generator? Commutator
l What is called the minimum frequency below which no photoelectric emission is possible?
Threshold frequency
l Who discovered the phenomenon of photoelectric effect? Heinrich Rudolph Haj
l According to quantum theory, light moves in the form of small bundles of energy, what are these
bundles called? Photon
l What will be the effect on de Brogley wavelength as the velocity increases? Wavelength will decrease
l Which nature of the electron does the Davison and Germer experiment confirm? Wave nature
l Which phenomenon is used to detect the presence of invisible light? Phenomenon of Fluorescen
l What is enabling technology called in seeing an object in complete darkness or low light
conditions? Night vision
l In which reaction a heavy nucleus is formed by the combination of two light nuclei? Nuclear fusion
l On whose principle is the hydrogen bomb based? Uncontrolled fusion reaction
l On whose principle is the atomic bomb based? Uncontrolled Fission Reaction
l Which substances are used as moderator in nuclear reactors? Heavy water, graphite, beryllium
l What are the pure or intrinsic semiconductors found in nature? Germanium and silicon
l What type of semiconductor is the semiconductor obtained by adding pentavalent impurity (like
arsenic) to pure semiconductor germanium called? n-type
l At what temperature does a semiconductor behave like an insulator? Absolute zero temperature
l What is silicon dopped with to get more holes? Boron
l What is the process of mixing impurities in a semiconductor called? Doping
l In which junction does the width of the depletion layer decrease? In forward biased junction
l What is the device called that converts electrical energy of the battery into radiant energy?
Light emitting diode
l Which terminal is the least doped among the three terminals of the transistor? Base
l By which numbers are the signals of digital circuits represented? 0 and 1
l If one of the inputs is HIGH (or 1) and the output is also HIGH (or 1), then what will be the name
of the gate? OR gate
l Why is amplification required in communication system?
To compensate for attenuation in the communication system

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l What is this electric device called in the communication system, using which the prevalence of low
current is increased? Amplifier
l How many the frequency of waves in ground transmission? 10 kHz to 30 kHz
l In sky wave propagation, radio waves are reflected from which part of the earth? Ionosphere
l Which floating satellite is used for communication? Geostationary Satellite
l Which of the following is parameter, frequency and phase n frequency modulation? Frequency

n Chemistry
l An object which has weight, occupies volume, physical resistance and the property of inertia and
is experienced by sense organs, what is it called? Matter
l Which is the smallest unit of a chemical compound? Molecule
l What is called freezing fluid? Amorphous solid
l What is the compressibility of gases compared to solids and liquids? More
l Or which state of matter is formed in stars due to high temperature? Plasma state
l What is the melting point of ice on the Celsius (°C) scale of temperature? 0°C (zero degree Celsius)
l What is the effect on the volume of ice when it melts? Volume decreases
l The method used to separate mixtures depends on what does? On the nature of the components
l Which method is used to separate colours from dyes? Chromatography
l Which types of substances are separated using the technique of steam distillation?
Steam Volatile Substances (SSC CHSL (T-1) 2022)
l What is the molecular mass of phosphorus? 124 u
l What is the formula unit mass for sodium chloride? 58.5 u
l What is the change in which there is a change in the composition of the substance called?
Or flow of electric wave in water and its disintegration into hydrogen and oxygen gases, is an
example of what kind of change? Chemical change
l Example of physical change is Melting of ice (CAPF AC 2024)
l What is the value of Avogadro’s constant? 6.022 ´ 10 23 mol -1
l What name did Dalton give to the molecule? Compound atom
l What basic particles are present in the nucleus of an atom? Proton and Neutron
l When an electron passes through a magnetic field, what is the effect on it?
Its energy and velocity increase
l Which particle has zero charge? Neutron
l What type of particle is neutrino? Unstable
l Electron, proton and neutron are Sub-atomic particle (CDS 2024 I)
l Which experiment was conducted by Rutherford to know the structure of the atom?
Alpha (a-) particle scattering
l Which model is foundation the cornerstone of modern physics? Niels Bohr’s model
l Rutherford’s Scattering experiment proves the presence of wheat? Presence of nucleus in atom
l What can Bohr’s model of the atom explain? The spectrum of an atom or ion containing one electron
l Atomic number of an atom tells the number of? Electron and proton

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l Which is the only element whose isotopes have different names?
Hydrogen (Protium, Deuterium, Tritium)
239 235
l How are 94 Pu and 92 U related to each other? As isodiaphers
l How many types of isotopes are there in scandium? 13
l Which scientist gave the rule that all four quantum numbers of two electrons in the same atom of
an element cannot be the same? Pauli
l The principle of which law states that the distribution of electrons is in the increasing order of
energy of the orbital or sub-orbital? Aufbau’s Principle
l What is the magnetic quantum number related to in the context of an atom of a chemical element?
From configuration
l What will be the total value of magnetic quantum numbers for principal quantum number three
(n = 3)? 9
l By what is radioactivity measured? By Geiger Muller Counter
l Which is the positively charged particle emitted by a radioactive element? a-Ray
l What does a radioactive substance emit? Alpha, beta and gamma particles
l What is called the combining power of an element? Valency
l What is the number of valence electrons in sodium? One
l What is the chemical bond formed by the transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal called?
Ionic bond
l The conductivity of metals decreases with increase in temperature, whereas how does the
conductivity of ionic compounds changes? Conductivity increases
l In which molecule is the bond angle maximum? CO 2
l Who has propounded the electronic theory of valence?
Cossel and Lewis (year 1916)
l Which is the element despite having covalent bonds in the molecules it a good conductor of
electricity? Graphite An allotrope of carbon
l Why is sucrose soluble in water? Due to hydrogen bonding
l What type of bond is found in H 2 O 2 ? Non-polar covalent bonds
l What type of bond is found in H 3 O+ ion? Coordination bond
l What is the shape of methane molecule? Tetrahedral
l What is the formula of ammonium sulphate? (NH4 )2 SO4
l By which formula of a compound can the correct number of different types of atoms present in a
molecule be shown? By molecular formula
l What is the formula of hydrogen chloride gas? HCl
l What will be the formula of chloride of a divalent element M? MCl 2
l The reaction of calcium oxide (CaO) with water (H 2 O) is an example of which reaction?
Or combustion of coal is an example of which reaction? Combination reaction
l Which chemical reaction of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) is used in cement manufacturing?
Dissociation reaction
l What is produced by thermal decomposition of lime stone? Quick lime

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l State whether the reaction between sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) is
irreversible or reversible. Irreversible
l What function does chlorophyll perform in photosynthesis? Photosensitive
l What type of reaction is the conversion of copper into copper oxide? Oxidation reaction
l What is produced by corrosion of copper? CuCO 3 × Cu(OH) 2
l What is the conversion of milk into curd by lactobacillus called? Fermentation
l What are those substances called which have sour taste and which contain one or more displaceable
hydrogen atoms? Acid
l What are the acids in which only hydrogen is found called? Hydra acid
l The chemical nature of drinking soda is? Acidic
l An acid in which oxygen is absent? Hydrochloric Acid (HCI)
l Which is the most acid releasing element in soil? Ammonium sulphate
l Which acid destroys the bacteria entering the stomach? Hydrochloric acid
l Salt and water are obtained as a result of the mutual reaction of acid and base, what is this reaction
called? Neutralisation reaction
l What is the reason for the sour and spicy taste of coca cola soft drinks? Due to phosphoric acid
l Which acid is used in batteries used in automatic vehicles? Sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 )
l Which acid is used as acid in chemical industry? Sulphuric acid
l Which acid is used in the production of nitrocellulose? OR Which acid is used in storage batteries?
Sulphuric acid
l Which organic acid is used in preserving food items? Benzoic acid
l According to Bronsted, which substances are bases? Which accept protons from the solution
l What is present in the common salt that we eat every day? Sodium (Na) and Chloride (Cl)
l What are those metallic compound or radicals called which react with acid and neutralise them?
Base
l What is the aqueous solution that turns red litmus to blue called? Alkaline solution
l Oxides and hydroxides of which metals dissolve with acids and also in hot concentrated NaOH
and KOH solutions? Zinc, Aluminium, Tin etc.
l Which is the correct order of basicity CsOH > KOH > NaOH > LiOH (SSC CGL 2024)
l Which base is used to join broken bones? Calcium sulphate hemihydrate
l What is the chemical formula of potash alum? K2 (SO4 )Al2 (SO4 )3 × 24H2 O
l Which solution is used in the manufacture of NaOH by electrolysis method? Salt water
l Which chemical acts as alkaline soil improver? Calcium sulphate (CaSO 4 )
l The pH value was measured by? Sorensen scale
l What is the concentration of hydrogen ions (H + ) present in pure water? 10 -7
l What is the effect on teeth when the pH value of mouth is less than 5.5? Decay starts
l If the pH value of a substance is equal to 7, then what will it be considered?
Or What is the nature of aqueous solutions of salts of strong acid and strong base? Neutral
l What is the pH of aqueous solution of sodium acetate? More than 7
l What is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances called? Solution

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l What is the dielectric constant of water? 80
l What makes only soluble or insoluble substances? Real solution
l What is the number called in grams formula weights of ionic solution present per liter of solution?
Formality
l What is the size of colloidal particles? 1 nanometer to 1000 nanometers
l What type of colloid is hair cream? Emulsion
l What is the continuous zig-zag movement of colloidal particles called? Brownian motion
l How many types of emulsions are there? Two types
l What is the size of the particles in suspension? 10 -5 cm
l What is the process of spontaneous mixing of different gases called? Diffusion
l Inflating of hydrogen balloon and rising of bread are the applications of which law? Charles’s law
l Which rule is applied in Ansol’s marsh gas indicator?
Or which rule is used to determine the vapour density of gases Is the application done?
Grahms diffusion law
l Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure have the same number of molecules.
Which scientist propounded this rule? Avogadro
l According to which law, the volume of a gas at constant temperature is inversely proportional to
the pressure? Boyle’s law
l What is the value of universal gas constant? 8.314 joule mol -1 kelvin -1
l Who first gave the explanation of the behavior of gases? J. Bernille
l What is that branch of chemistry called in which the rate of reaction, the factors affecting the rate
of reaction and the mechanism of reaction are studied? Chemical kinetics
l What is the amount of heat released or absorbed in a reaction called? Heat of reaction
l Who first observed the phenomenon of catalysis? Berzelius
l What happens to the speed of forward and backward reactions at chemical equilibrium? Similar
l What is the process of decomposition of a substance called when electric current is passed in its
molten state or its aqueous solution? Electrolysis
l What is the exact value of the charge on 1 mole of electrons? 96487 coulomb mole -1
l Which is the best conductor of heat? Silver (Ag)
l Which metal is the filament of electric bulb made of? Tungsten (W)
l What is the series obtained by arranging the standard electrode potential of electrical electrodes in
increasing order? Electrochemical series
l What energy does the dry cell convert chemical energy into? In electrical energy
l What produces electricity in a dry cell? From chemical energy
l Which is the first element in the periodic table? Hydrogen (H)
l Only how many elements were known till the time of Mendeleev? 63 (SSC GD Constable 2024 Shift I)
l In which group of the periodic table are the noble or nobel gases placed? Group 18
l Which is the element with highest density? Osmium
l How does the number of valence electrons increase while moving from left to right in a period?
From 1 to 8

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l What do the elements of the second (2nd) period (Li, Be, B) indicate due to their higher potential
than the elements (Mg, Al, Si) of the third (3rd) period? Diagonal relationship
l What is the atomic number of the last inert gas element? 86
l What is group (1A) of the periodic table collectively called? Alkali metal
l What is group-2 (IIA) of the periodic table collectively called? Alkaline earth metal
l Heavy elements of which block show inert pair effect? of p-block
l How does the valency of elements with hydrogen generally change in a period? From 1 to7
l What is the energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from an isolated gaseous
atom to its ground state? Ionisation potential
l Which element has the highest electron affinity? Chlorine (Cl)
l The worst insulator of electricity is? Diamond
l Which gas do metals release when reacting with water? Hydrogen
l What is obtained when sodium chloride is mixed with ice at low pressure and average
temperature? Ice mixture
l What is the chemical formula of marble, slack, lime? CaCO 3
l What is the formula of plaster of Paris? CaSO4 × ½H2 O (CGPSC 2020)
l What is borax prepared from? Sodium carbonate (UPSC CAPF 2022)
l Which chemical compound is used in the manufacturing of ink applied to the voter’s finger?
Silver nitrate
l Which is the hardest metal? Platinum
l How many carats is pure gold? 24 carat
l In what form is liquid sodium used in nuclear reactors? As a coolant
l What is the formula of Mohr’s salt? (NH 4 ) 2 Fe(SO 4 ) 2 × 6H 2 O
l Which chemical is used in photocopy? AgBr (Silver bromide)
l What is corrosive sublimate? Mercuric chloride
l What is called adam catalyst? Platinum
l What is the metal atom present in super phosphate? Calcium (Ca)
l Which metal is present as a common component in brass, bronze and German silver? Copper
l What is the magnetic separation method is based on The importance of magnetic properties
l What remains in the calcination process? Metal oxide
l What is the process of heating ores by mixing them with coke and flux at a temperature above
their melting point called? Smelting
l By which metal the oxides of metals are reduced like chromium, manganese etc. By aluminuium
l Which non-metal is found in liquid state? Bromine
l Which form of diamond found in nature? In kimberlite stone
l What substance is lead pencil made of? Graphite
l What is brown coal? Lignite
l What is used as reducing agent in metal extraction? Carbon monoxide
l Approximately what percentage is nitrogen in the atmosphere? 78%

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l Which category of substance is teflon? Fluorocarbon
l Which is the most reactive element among halogens? Fluorine
l Which gas is filled at low pressure in tube light? Neon and mercury vapour
l Fullerene is an allotrope of which element? Carbon (RRB NTPC 2021)
l How many carbon atoms are in fullerene? 60 (RRB Group-D 2022)
l Atoms of which element combine with hydrogen to provide water? Oxygen (SSC CGL (T-1) 2021)
l Which gas is found in soda water? Carbon dioxide (RRB NTPC
l Which gas is used in flushing gas? Hydrogen
l Which is the gas used in cryogenic technology? Liquid nitrogen hellium
l Nitrogenation of aqueous solution of ammonium chloride with sodium nitrite. Which gas is
obtained by the reaction? Nitrogen
l Which disease occurs in people working with phosphorus? Phossy jaw
l Which type of sulphur is used in medicines? Milky sulphur
l Which oxide of iodine is used in the estimation of carbon monoxide? Iodine pentaoxide
l Nascent hydrogen released immediately from a compound as a result of a chemical reaction
hydrogen gas is called? Nascent hydrogen
l What type of method is zeolite/permutit method? Ion exchange method
l In what form is coke used in the extraction of metals? Reducing agent
l Butane (CH), iso-butane (C, H11 ) and propane (C, H, What is a mixture called?
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)
l Formed when fuel burns in inadequate supply of oxygen. Carbon monoxide
l To detect gas leakage in domestic gas (LPG) cylinders. Which substance is mixed in gas?
Ethyl mercaptan or thio ethanol
l Syngas is mainly a mixture of what? Carbon monoxide and hydrogen
l Bhopal gas tragedy was caused by leakage of which gas? Methyl isocyanate
l Which chemical compound is called of mirbane? Nitrobenzene
l Which gas is produced in paddy fields? Methane gas
l The molar mass of ethyne (C 2 H 2 ) is. 26 grams/mol
l What is the chemical name of the refrigerant freon? Dichlorodifluoro methane
l What is the difference between the molecular formulas of consecutive members of a homologous
series? — CH 2 unit
l Which of the fuels is used in gas-welding? Acetylene
l Aniline a derivative of? Amine’s
l Pharmamint is used in the treatment of which organ? Thyrox
l Urotropin is used in the treatment of? Urine diseases
l Which sugar’s cannot be hydrolysed into small molecules? Monosaccharides
l What type of saccharide is triose? Monosaccharide
l What is used as finishing agent in vehicles? Gelatin
l What are carbohydrates which are sweet in taste called? Sugars

12 NCERT OneLiner General Knowledge

l What is the range of concentration of glucose (dextrose) in the blood it happens? 70-115mg/100ml
l What is called Levulos? Natural fructose
l Which protein is present in hair, wool and silk? Keratin
l How is the solubility of fat in water? Nonsolubale
l What is the main component of carnauba wax? Mirisil Serotate
l What is the spherical cluster of soap molecutes in water called? Micelle
l What is added to shaving soap to produce more lather? Sodium rosinate
l How is the molecular weight of a fatty acid determined? Saponification value
l What is added to washing powder to keep it dry? Sodium sulphate
l For direct dyeing of wool, silk and nylon which once are used? Acidic dyes
l Silk is an example of which polymer? Natural polymer
l Which type of thermoplastic is used in making toys as an insulator? Polystyrene
l What type of rubber is neoprene? Synthetic (UPPSC (Pre) Exam 2017)
l Which type of medicine phenacetin used?
Or Which medicine is used to reduce body pain and fever. Antipyretic
l Which is the main component in water glass? Sodium silicate
l What is chemical formula of cement? Calcium aluminium silicate
l What is the formula of microcosmic salt? Na(NH 2 )HPO 4 × 4H 2 O
l What is the active ingredient of superphosphate of lime fertiliser? Calcium dihydrogen phosphate
l Nowadays, what is used in place of nitroglycerin in making dynamite? Ammonium nutrate

n Biology
l Under which branch is soil-less cultivation of plants is done? Hydroponics
l Under which branch is the scientific study of fungi is done? Mycology
l Who is known as the father of Bacteriology? Louis Pasteur
l Who discovered Taxonomy? Carolus Linnaeus
l The three kingdom classification, in which Protista was included along with Animalia and Plantae,
was given by whom? Haeckel
l In how many kingdoms did Cavalier-Smith classify organisms? Six
l What is found in the genome of bacteria? Histone-free circular DNA
l Which type of asexual reproduction is usually found in bacteria? Binary fission
l Which bacteria is found in the root nodules of legume plants? Rhizobium
l What kind of cell wall is found in the organisms of Kingdom-Protista? Cellulose
l Give example of dinoflagellate producing bioluminescence. Noctiluca
l To which kingdom does Chlamydomonas belong? Kingdom-Protista
l Which organism keeps changing its shape and position continuously? Amoeba (SSC MTS 2022)
l From which fungi, the first antibiotic penicillin was produced? Penicillium notatum
l Who classified the plant kingdom on the basis of presence and absence of seeds? Eichler
l Absence of vascular tissues is found under which division? Thallophyta and Bryophyta

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l Who first coined the term algae? Carolus Linnaeus (1755)
l Which plant group has a simple type of physiological structure?
Or Which class of plants does not have its body divided into roots, stem and leaves?
Thallophyta (SSC CGL (T-2) 2023)
l Which pigment is found in all algae? Chlorophyll-a
l Smooth substances used in ice cream, chocolate, toothpaste, cosmetics etc; are obtained from which
algae? Red algae
l Sea algae are important sources of Iodine (IAS (Pre) 2023)
l Which lichen is used in tanning? Lobaria pulmonaria
l Algae component of lichen is mostly found in the form of Phycobiont (CAPF AC 2024)
l Which bryophyte is that, which is found in the form of thin horn-like or needle-like capsules?
Hornworts (SSC MTS 2023)
l Which bryophyte is also used as fuel? Sphaganum or Peat Moss
l Which plants have hidden reproductive organs? Marsilea
l Who is known as the botanical snake of the plant world? Pteridophytes
l Which is the tallest tree in the world? Sequoia semperkirens (115 m)
l Which is the smallest gymnosperm plant? Zamia pygmaea (25cm)
l ‘Chilgoza’ is a gymnosperm seed, which is eaten like a dry fruit, it is produced by whom?
Pinus gerardiana
l Under which subkingdom is division of labor found in animals? Metazoa
l Sponges come under which phylum?
Or Leucosolenia, Sycon and Euplectella are members of which phylum? Porifera
l Through which hole/pore does the water stream coming in from the ostia exit, in the canal system?
Osculum
l What are two life forms found in members of the phylum Coelenterata?
Cylindrical polyp and saucer shaped medusa
l In animals of phylum-Coelenterata, which cells carry out self-defense, clinging to an object or
hunting? Nematoblast or Sting cells
l Jellyfish is an organism of which group? Cnidaria
l In which phylum are the bilateral and three-layered parasitic worms of organ system level
included? Nematoda
l In which part of the human body is round worm found? Small intestine
l What type of segmentation is found in animals of Annelida phylum? Real or Metameric
l Where is hemoglobin blood pigment found in annelids? In plasma
l What is the meaning of the word Arthropoda? Jointed appendages (RRB NTPC 2021)
l What is the body cavity of cockroach called? Haemocoel
l What is the function of ctenidia in Pila? Aquatic respiration
l What is the main function of radula in the digestive system of molluscs? Chewing food
l Snails are creatures of which phylum of animal kingdom? Mollusca (SSC MTS 2023)
l Which larva is found in the animals of Mollusca phylum? Glochidium and Trochophore larvae

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l What is the sieve like plate, found in the water transport system in animals of the phylum
Echinodermata called? Madreporite
l What is the characterstic of the skin of animals of phylum Echinodermata?
Spiny skin (SSC CGL (T-2) 2023)
l Which organ of starfish is involved in function like catching prey, locomotion and respiration?
Tubefeet
l How does respiration occurs place in the members of phylum Hemichordata? Through gill clefts
l Who founded phylum-chordata? Balfour
l What are found in the form of paired pores for respiration in the front lateral walls of the
alimentary canal of chordates? Pharyngeal fissure
l What is considered as the connecting link between vertebrates and invertebrates?
Or Herdmania and Amphioxus belongs to which group of animals? Protochordata
l Retrogressive metamorphosis is found in which animal? Herdmania
l Those animals which do not change their temperature according to the temperature of the
environment are called? Homeothermic
l Jawless and sucker-like mouth is found in which parasitic fish? Petromyzonn or lamprey
l What type of heart is there in class-Pisces? Two chambered (SSC MTS 2023)
l What is the transformation of a tadpole into an Adult called? Metamorphosis
l What type of heart do amphibians have? Three chambered
l Under which class are terrestrial crawling animals included? Reptiles
l That class of the animals which, like the mammals, can maintain their body temperature stable?
Class-Aves
l Name the smallest living bird. Bee Humming bird
l Who first saw the living cell? Antonie von Leeuwenhoek (SSC CGL (T-1) 2023)
l Which cell does not have a fixed shape? White blood cell and Amoeba (SSC CHSL (T-1) 2022)
l What is the name of the substance present in the primary and secondary cell walls in the
membrane of plants? Which is accumulated in the early stages of development during cell
expansion? Pectin (SSC CGL (T-1) 2023)
l What provides structural stability or strength in plants? Cell wall
l Fluid mosaic model related to Cell membrane
l Cell wall is found in Bacteria, diatom and mushroom (CDS 2023 II)
l Who first used the word protoplasm? Purkinje (1839)
l Who first discovered the nucleus? Robert Brown
l Who is responsible for the hereditary characteristics of an organism? DNA
l Which organelle plays an important role in detoxification of poisons and medicines in the liver?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
l By what name Golgi apparatus is known in plant cell? Dictyosome
l What function do lysosomes perform in the cell? Intracellular digestion
l Cell of human body in which nucleus is not found Red blood cell (CDS 2024 I, CAPF AC 2024)
l The cell does not divide when it enters into which stage of the cell cycle? G0 or quiescent phase
l Chromatin get unwinded during Replication (NDA 2024 I)

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l Who discovered mitosis in plant cells? Walther flemming
l In which phase does the division of centromere take place in mitosis? Anaphase
l What is a group of cells of similar origin and structure performing a special function called? Tissue
l Which meristem is found at the base of leaves and nodes of the twig? Intercalary meristem
l Where are food and water normally stored in plants? In the parenchyma
l What is the importance of aerenchyma in aquatic plants? In floating and exchange of gases
l In which tissue are companion cells found?
Through phloem tissue
l The age of trees is determined on the basis of whose number? Based on the number of annual rings
l What specific properties complex plants need to maintain their existence in the terrestrial
environment? Vascular/conducting tissue
l Protein-tissue-organ-organism, is a sequence of Increasing complexity (NDA 2024 I)
l Secretion of hormones, enzymes and mucus and formation of glands are done by which epithelial
cells? Glandular epithelium
l What is the germinal epithelium of the gonads made of? Simple cuboidal epithelium
l Which part of the human body is not lined with squamous epithelium?
Renal tubules (RRB Group D 2022)
l By which tissue are muscles attached to bones? By tendon
l What is the organic part of the bone matrix called? Ossein
l What is the Haversian tubule system related to? Bone
l Cardiac muscle is an example of what type of muscle? Involuntary muscle
l What are the cells of nervous tissue called? Neuron
l What is the study of external physical structure and shape of an organism called? Morphology
l In which plants adventitious roots are found?
In monocotyledons
l What type of roots are found in Rhizophora? Pneumatophore
l What is the importance of the buds present on the stem? Aids in vegetative reproduction
l What is the arrangement of veins on the lamina of leaf called? Venation
l What is the arrangement of flowers on the floral axis in plants called? Inflorescence (CAPF AC 2024)
l What are those flowers called, in which both male and female reproductive organs are present?
Bisexual flower
l What type of aestivation is found in pea flowers? Vexillary
l From what does the true fruit develop? From ovary
l What is the flow of water molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration across a SPM
called? Osmosis
l What is the solution called whose concentration is higher than the concentration of another
solution or cytoplasm? Hypertonic solution
l In what form is energy used in active transport?
In the form of ATP
l What are the nutrients that are needed in larger quantities called? Macronutrients

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l What type of nutrients are zinc, copper, manganese, boron, chlorine and molybdenum?
Micronutrients
l Which symptom is displayed by the absence of Mg in plant tissue culture? Chlorosis
l After carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which element is required the most by plants? Nitrogen
l What is the response of plants to the length of day and night called Photoperiodism
l What is used to measure growth rate in plants?
Auxanometer
l By using which hormone can genetically dwarf plants be made taller? Gibberellin
l In which part of plants is the concentration of cytokinin highest? In the meristem part
l What type of creature is human being on the basis of nutrition? Omnivore
l Which nutrient is the cellular fuel for energy production in the body? Carbohydrates
l Which vitamin plays an important role in the ability to see? Vitamin-A
l Beri-Beri disease is caused by the deficiency of? Vitamin B 1 (SSC CHSL (T-1) 2023)
l Which vitamin is synthesized when our skin is exposed to sunlight? Vitamin-D (HSSC 2023)
l What is the dental formula of an adult person? 2123
´2
2123
l Which acid is secreted in the stomach? HCl
l What functions to increase the absorptive surface of the intestine? Microvilli
l In which part of the cell does aerobic respiration take place? In mitochondria
l How much is a Respiratory Quotient (RQ) for Carbohydrates? 1.00
l What is the connecting link between glycolysis and Krebs cycle? Acetyl coenzyme-A
l The red color of blood is due to the presence of? Haemoglobin
l What is called the graveyard of RBC? Spleen
l Blood clotting factors are formed from Platelets (CDS 2024 I)
l Which part of the human body is related to the purification of blood? Kidney
l What is the structural unit of kidney called? Nephron
l The yellow color of urine is due to the presence of which pigment? Urochrome
l Who provides protection and support to the internal organs of the body? Skeleton
l Which is the longest and heaviest bone of the human body? Femur (Thigh bone)
l Who conducts the impulse from the receptor to the central nervous system? Sensory nerve cell
l What is the long protruding part of the neuron called? Axon
l What is the average weight of the human brain? 1.36 kg
l Which structure is present only in the brain of mammals? Corpus callosum
l Which part of the body will not experience pain when pricked with a needle? Brain
l Which part of the human brain is responsible for memory and reasoning? Cerebrum
l Which part of the human brain is responsible for walking in a straight line?
Cerebellum (SSC CHSL (T-1) 2023)
l Where are the control centers for the movements of the eyeballs and pupils etc. located?
In the midbrain
l Where is the respiratory center located in the brain? In the medulla oblongata and pons

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l Which part of the human brain regulates swallowing and spitting? Medulla oblongata
l Pancreas is an example of what type of gland? Mixed gland
l By which endocrine gland prolactin hormone is produced? By the pituitary gland
l Which gland regulates the daily rhythm of our body? Pineal gland
l Which hormone increases the excretion of calcium in urine? Calcitonin
l Who first used the word genetics? Bateson(1905)
l The process by which traits of parents are passed on to their offspring is called? Heredity
l What is the unit of heredity in our body called? Gene
l What is the hybridization of F-1 generation with a recessive parent is called? Test cross
l In pea, a pure tall plant (TT) is hybridized with a dwarf plant (tt). What will be the ratio of pure
tall plants and dwarf plants in F2 generation? 3:1
l Who gave the chromosomal theory of linkage? TH Morgan
l How is the complete chromosome pattern displayed in females? 44 + XX
l What is the full form of DNA? Deoxyribonucleic acid
l What type of bases are cytosine, thymine and uracil? Pyrimidine
l When is the considered to be the origin of the universe? 13.5-14 billion years ago
l Who proposed biochemical evolution? Oparin
l What type of wings do insects and birds have? Analogous organ
l Which principle is related to more or less use of organs? Lamarckism
l Who gave the idea of ‘Survival of the fittest’? Herbert spencer
l What are those diseases called, which arise in the body after birth? Acquired diseases
l Which types of hepatitis can be prevented by vaccination? Hepatitis-B
l Which part of the body does tuberculosis mainly affect? Lungs
l What is the disease related to prolonged muscle contraction, which is caused by Clostridium tetani
bacteria, called? Tetanus
l What is the name of the pathogen of benign tertiary malaria? Plasmodium vivax
l What is the scientific name of the causative organism of filariasis? Wuchereria bancroftii
l What type of non-infectious diseases cancer, heart attack, diabetes, arthritis etc. are?
Degenerative diseases
l By what name is blood cancer commonly known? Leukemia
l Antibodies passed to the baby through the mother’s placenta, is an example of what type of
immunity? Passive acquired immunity
l Which antibody is present in mother’s milk? IgA
l What are the plants grown as food items in fields through a human-controlled process on a large
scale called? Crop
l What is the crop grown in India between November and April called? Or What type of crops are
wheat, gram, pea, mustard, sesame, linseed etc? Rabi crops
l How were major reasons for Green Revolution; High Yield Variety (HYV) seeds developed?
By hybridization
l Which natural nutrient improves the soil structure? Manure

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l What is the process of supplying water to crops through various methods; like canals, reservoirs,
wells, tube wells called? Irrigation
l Which plant is considered a noxious weed, which posses chemical defense mechanism to avoid
predators? Calotropis
l What is that crop, which is used both as food and fodder? Maize
l Which pathogen cause crown gall disease in plants? Agrobacterium tumefaciens
l Which fungi causes Early Blight disease in potatoes? Alternaria solani
l What is India's position in the world in wheat production? Second
l What percentage of starch is there in wheat grain? 60-70%
l What is the scientific name of Indian maize? Zea mays
l After grains, which is the main source of carbohydrates? Vegetables (tubers)
l Which is a major vegetable providing carbohydrates? Potato
l Which is the edible part of sweet potato? Tuber
l Which is the edible part in ladyfinger? Fruits and seeds
l Quinine medicine is obtained from the bark of which tree? From Cinchona
l Which Himalayan flower has antiseptic properties? Brahma Kamal
l What is the botanical name of beetroot? Beta vulgaris
l What percentage of tannin is found in tea? 13-18%
l Bast fibers are obtained from which plant? Corchorus
l What is the process of separating cotton fibers from seeds called? Ginning
l Which oil is used to increase good cholesterol and reduce bad cholesterol? Olive or oil
l What is mustard oil used for? Cooking and massage
l Whose breed are Sahiwal and Sindhi? Milch cow’s
l What types of breeds are Amritmahal, Kangayam and Nagauri?
For ploughing or carrying heavy loads
l What is the milk capacity of a Brown Swiss cow? 5200 litre/year
l What is the milk yielding capacity of Nagpuri buffalo? 1000-1200 litre
l Which hybrid breed is produced by hybridisation of Murrah and Surti buffalo breeds? Mehsana
l What is the scientific name of Indian honey bee? Apis indica
l What types of fish are Rohu, Katla, Mrigal, Kalabans etc? Fresh water

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