4.

​ Magnetic tapes and computer hard disks use magnetism for:​

a) Generating power​
b) Storing information (data storage)​
c) Mechanical movement​
d) Cooling the system​
Answer: b) Storing information (data storage)
5.​ Large, powerful electromagnets are used in scrapyards for:​
a) Sorting non-metals​
b) Lifting and moving heavy iron and steel objects​
c) Generating electricity​
d) Compressing waste​
Answer: b) Lifting and moving heavy iron and steel objects
6.​ Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in medicine uses strong magnetic fields to:​
a) Sterilize equipment​
b) Generate X-rays​
c) Create detailed images of organs and tissues​
d) Measure blood pressure​
Answer: c) Create detailed images of organs and tissues
7.​ Small magnets are often used in:​
a) Clothing fasteners​
b) Toys​
c) Cabinet latches​
d) All of the above​
Answer: d) All of the above
8.​ To protect a magnet from losing its magnetism (demagnetization), one should avoid:​
a) Keeping it cool​
b) Storing it properly with keepers​
c) Dropping or hammering it​
d) Keeping it away from non-magnetic materials​
Answer: c) Dropping or hammering it
9.​ Storing bar magnets in pairs with opposite poles adjacent and soft iron pieces across the
ends helps prevent:​
a) Self-demagnetization​
b) Over-magnetization​
c) Attraction of dust​
d) Rusting​
Answer: a) Self-demagnetization
10.​The soft iron pieces used for storing magnets are called:​
a) Insulators​
b) Conductors​
c) Keepers​
d) Spacers​
Answer: c) Keepers
11.​How should a single horseshoe magnet be stored to protect its magnetism?​
a) Hung freely in the air​
b) Placed in water​
c) With a piece of soft iron (keeper) across its poles​
d) Wrapped in aluminum foil​
Answer: c) With a piece of soft iron (keeper) across its poles
12.​Exposing a magnet to high temperatures can cause:​
a) Increase in its strength​
b) Reversal of its poles​
c) Demagnetization (especially near or above the Curie temperature)​
d) No effect on its magnetism​
Answer: c) Demagnetization (especially near or above the Curie temperature)
13.​Storing magnets near devices producing strong alternating magnetic fields (like
transformers) can lead to:​
a) Strengthening of the magnet​
b) Demagnetization​
c) Change in the magnet's shape​
d) Induction of electric charge​
Answer: b) Demagnetization
14.​The Earth behaves like a giant magnet with its magnetic poles located near the:​
a) Geographic North and South poles​
b) Geographic Equator​
c) Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn​
d) International Date Line​
Answer: a) Geographic North and South poles
15.​The magnetic North pole of the Earth is actually a:​
a) Magnetic North pole​
b) Magnetic South pole (as it attracts the North pole of a compass)​
c) Geographic North pole​
d) Point of zero magnetism​
Answer: b) Magnetic South pole (as it attracts the North pole of a compass)
16.​The source of the Earth's magnetic field is believed to be:​
a) Large deposits of lodestone in the core​
b) The Sun's magnetic field​
c) Electric currents flowing in the molten outer core (Dynamo effect)​
d) Magnetism retained from the Earth's formation​
Answer: c) Electric currents flowing in the molten outer core (Dynamo effect)
17.​The angle between the geographic meridian and the magnetic meridian at a place is
called:​
a) Angle of dip (Inclination)​
b) Angle of declination (Variation)​
c) Magnetic latitude​
d) Magnetic moment​
Answer: b) Angle of declination (Variation)
18.​The angle that the Earth's magnetic field lines make with the horizontal at a place is
called:​
a) Angle of dip (Inclination)​
b) Angle of declination (Variation)​
c) Azimuth​
d) Longitude​
Answer: a) Angle of dip (Inclination)
19.​At the magnetic equator, the angle of dip is approximately:​
a) 90 degrees​
b) 45 degrees​
c) 0 degrees​
d) 180 degrees​
Answer: c) 0 degrees (Magnetic field is horizontal)
20.​At the magnetic poles, the angle of dip is approximately:​
a) 90 degrees​
b) 45 degrees​
c) 0 degrees​
d) 30 degrees​
Answer: a) 90 degrees (Magnetic field is vertical)
21.​The Earth's magnetic field protects the planet from:​
a) Asteroid impacts​
b) Solar flares​
c) Harmful solar wind and cosmic radiation​
d) Gravitational pull of other planets​
Answer: c) Harmful solar wind and cosmic radiation (By deflecting charged particles)
22.​Do the Earth's magnetic poles coincide exactly with its geographic poles?​
a) Yes, precisely​
b) No, they are offset and slowly wander over time​
c) Yes, but only the North poles coincide​
d) No, they are located at the equator​
Answer: b) No, they are offset and slowly wander over time
23.​Magnetic declination is important for:​
a) Predicting earthquakes​
b) Accurate navigation using a compass​
c) Measuring temperature​
d) Generating electricity​
Answer: b) Accurate navigation using a compass
24.​What are magnetic storms?​
a) Thunderstorms with magnetic lightning​
b) Temporary disturbances of the Earth's magnetosphere caused by solar activity​
c) Periods when the Earth's field reverses​
d) Earthquakes caused by magnetic forces​
Answer: b) Temporary disturbances of the Earth's magnetosphere caused by solar
activity
 25.​The horizontal component of Earth's magnetic field is maximum at the:​
a) Magnetic poles​
b) Magnetic equator​
c) Geographic poles​
d) Tropic of Cancer​
Answer: b) Magnetic equator
26.​The vertical component of Earth's magnetic field is maximum at the:​
a) Magnetic poles​
b) Magnetic equator​
c) Geographic poles​
d) Tropic of Capricorn​
Answer: a) Magnetic poles
27.​Auroras (Northern and Southern Lights) are caused by:​
a) Moonlight reflecting off ice crystals​
b) Charged particles from the solar wind interacting with the Earth's atmosphere along
magnetic field lines​
c) Volcanic eruptions near the poles​
d) Weather phenomena in the upper atmosphere​
Answer: b) Charged particles from the solar wind interacting with the Earth's
atmosphere along magnetic field lines
28.​Magnetic shielding involves using a material to:​
a) Strengthen an external magnetic field​
b) Block or redirect magnetic field lines around a region​
c) Convert magnetic energy to electrical energy​
d) Store magnetic energy​
Answer: b) Block or redirect magnetic field lines around a region
29.​Which type of material is best for magnetic shielding?​
a) Copper​
b) Aluminum​
c) High permeability materials like soft iron (mu-metal)​
d) Glass​
Answer: c) High permeability materials like soft iron (mu-metal)

1.7 Magnetic lines of force around a bar magnet

1.​ Magnetic lines of force are used to represent:​

a) The direction and strength of a magnetic field​
b) The flow of electric current​
c) The path of magnetic monopoles​
d) The temperature distribution around a magnet​
Answer: a) The direction and strength of a magnetic field
2.​ By convention, magnetic field lines originate from the:​
a) South pole and end at the North pole outside the magnet​
b) North pole and end at the South pole outside the magnet​
c) Center of the magnet and go outwards​
 d) Surface of the magnet perpendicularly​
Answer: b) North pole and end at the South pole outside the magnet
3.​ Inside the material of a bar magnet, magnetic field lines run from:​
a) North pole to South pole​
b) South pole to North pole​
c) Center to poles​
d) They do not exist inside the magnet​
Answer: b) South pole to North pole (Forming closed loops)
4.​ Magnetic field lines form:​
a) Open loops starting at North and ending at South​
b) Closed continuous loops​
c) Spirals ending at the poles​
d) Straight lines radiating outwards​
Answer: b) Closed continuous loops
5.​ The density (closeness) of magnetic field lines in a region indicates the:​
a) Direction of the field​
b) Temperature of the magnet​
c) Strength of the magnetic field​
d) Polarity of the magnet​
Answer: c) Strength of the magnetic field (Closer lines mean stronger field)
6.​ Can two magnetic field lines intersect each other?​
a) Yes, at the poles​
b) Yes, at the neutral points​
c) No, never​
d) Yes, if the magnet is strong enough​
Answer: c) No, never
7.​ Why do two magnetic field lines never intersect?​
a) They repel each other​
b) If they intersected, the compass needle at that point would point in two directions
simultaneously, which is impossible​
c) They are parallel lines​
d) Intersection would mean the field is zero​
Answer: b) If they intersected, the compass needle at that point would point in two
directions simultaneously, which is impossible
8.​ The tangent drawn at any point on a magnetic field line gives the:​
a) Magnitude of the magnetic field at that point​
b) Direction of the magnetic force on a North pole at that point​
c) Potential energy at that point​
d) Electric field direction at that point​
Answer: b) Direction of the magnetic force on a North pole at that point
9.​ Where are the magnetic field lines most crowded around a bar magnet?​
a) At the center of the magnet​
b) Near the poles of the magnet​
c) Far away from the magnet​
 d) Uniformly distributed around the magnet​
Answer: b) Near the poles of the magnet
10.​The pattern of magnetic field lines around a bar magnet can be traced using:​
a) An ammeter​
b) A voltmeter​
c) A small plotting compass or iron filings​
d) A thermometer​
Answer: c) A small plotting compass or iron filings
11.​Magnetic field lines tend to contract ______ and exert ______ pressure.​
a) Radially, inward​
b) Longitudinally (lengthwise), lateral (sideways)​
c) Laterally, longitudinal​
d) Uniformly, no​
Answer: b) Longitudinally (lengthwise), lateral (sideways) (Explains attraction and
repulsion)
12.​The property of magnetic field lines exerting lateral pressure explains:​
a) Attraction between unlike poles​
b) Repulsion between like poles​
c) The existence of poles​
d) The closed-loop nature​
Answer: b) Repulsion between like poles (Lines push each other sideways)
13.​The property of magnetic field lines tending to contract longitudinally explains:​
a) Attraction between unlike poles​
b) Repulsion between like poles​
c) Why poles exist in pairs​
d) The direction N to S outside the magnet​
Answer: a) Attraction between unlike poles (Lines act like stretched rubber bands
pulling poles together)
14.​In a uniform magnetic field, the field lines are:​
a) Curved and diverging​
b) Curved and converging​
c) Parallel, equidistant straight lines​
d) Concentric circles​
Answer: c) Parallel, equidistant straight lines
15.​The space inside a current-carrying solenoid, far from the ends, has a magnetic field that
is approximately:​
a) Zero​
b) Radially outward​
c) Non-uniform​
d) Strong and uniform​
Answer: d) Strong and uniform
16.​A neutral point (null point) near a bar magnet placed in the Earth's magnetic field is a
location where:​
a) The magnet's field is zero​
 b) The Earth's field is zero​
c) The magnet's field and the Earth's field cancel each other out​
d) Only the vertical component of Earth's field exists​
Answer: c) The magnet's field and the Earth's field cancel each other out
17.​The direction of magnetic field lines shows the path a hypothetical ______ would take if
free to move.​
a) Isolated North pole​
b) Isolated South pole​
c) Electron​
d) Proton​
Answer: a) Isolated North pole
18.​Magnetic flux is a measure of:​
a) The number of magnetic field lines passing through a given area​
b) The strength of a magnetic pole​
c) The force between two magnets​
d) The energy stored in a magnetic field​
Answer: a) The number of magnetic field lines passing through a given area
19.​The SI unit of magnetic flux is:​
a) Tesla (T)​
b) Weber (Wb)​
c) Henry (H)​
d) Ampere (A)​
Answer: b) Weber (Wb)
20.​Magnetic Flux Density (B) is defined as:​
a) Total flux​
b) Flux per unit area perpendicular to the field​
c) Force per unit pole strength​
d) Energy per unit volume​
Answer: b) Flux per unit area perpendicular to the field (B = Φ/A)

1.8 Electro magnetism

1.​ Electromagnetism deals with the relationship between:​

a) Magnetism and gravity​
b) Electricity and gravity​
c) Electricity and magnetism​
d) Magnetism and light only​
Answer: c) Electricity and magnetism
2.​ Who discovered that an electric current flowing through a wire produces a magnetic field
around it?​
a) Michael Faraday​
b) Andre-Marie Ampere​
c) Hans Christian Oersted​
d) James Clerk Maxwell​
Answer: c) Hans Christian Oersted
3.​ Oersted's discovery showed that a compass needle deflects when brought near a wire
carrying:​
a) Static charge​
b) An electric current​
c) High voltage but no current​
d) Heat​
Answer: b) An electric current
4.​ The pattern of magnetic field lines around a long straight wire carrying current is:​
a) Radial lines pointing outwards​
b) Radial lines pointing inwards​
c) Concentric circles centered on the wire​
d) Parallel lines parallel to the wire​
Answer: c) Concentric circles centered on the wire
5.​ The direction of the magnetic field around a straight current-carrying wire can be found
using the:​
a) Left-Hand Grip Rule​
b) Right-Hand Grip Rule (or Maxwell's Corkscrew Rule)​
c) Fleming's Left-Hand Rule​
d) Fleming's Right-Hand Rule​
Answer: b) Right-Hand Grip Rule (or Maxwell's Corkscrew Rule)
6.​ According to the Right-Hand Grip Rule, if you grip the wire with your right hand such that
the thumb points in the direction of the current, the curling fingers indicate the direction
of the:​
a) Electric field​
b) Force on the wire​
c) Magnetic field lines​
d) Electron flow​
Answer: c) Magnetic field lines
7.​ The strength of the magnetic field produced by a straight current-carrying wire is:​
a) Directly proportional to the current and inversely proportional to the distance from the
wire​
b) Inversely proportional to the current and directly proportional to the distance from the
wire​
c) Directly proportional to both current and distance​
d) Independent of the current​
Answer: a) Directly proportional to the current and inversely proportional to the
distance from the wire (B ∝ I/r)
8.​ The magnetic field at the center of a circular loop carrying current is:​
a) Zero​
b) Parallel to the plane of the loop​
c) Perpendicular to the plane of the loop​
d) In the direction of the current flow​
Answer: c) Perpendicular to the plane of the loop
9.​ The direction of the magnetic field at the center of a current loop can be found using the:​
a) Fleming's Left-Hand Rule​
b) Right-Hand Grip Rule (applied to the loop) or Clock Rule​
c) Lenz's Law​
d) Faraday's Law​
Answer: b) Right-Hand Grip Rule (applied to the loop) or Clock Rule
10.​A solenoid is a coil of wire wound in the shape of a:​
a) Flat spiral​
b) Helix (cylinder)​
c) Toroid (donut)​
d) Sphere​
Answer: b) Helix (cylinder)
11.​The magnetic field inside a long solenoid carrying current is:​
a) Weak and non-uniform​
b) Strong and nearly uniform, parallel to the axis​
c) Radially outwards​
d) Zero​
Answer: b) Strong and nearly uniform, parallel to the axis
12.​An electromagnet is typically made by winding a coil of wire around a core of:​
a) Wood​
b) Soft iron​
c) Steel​
d) Copper​
Answer: b) Soft iron
13.​Why is soft iron preferred as the core for electromagnets?​
a) It is a permanent magnet​
b) It magnetizes strongly but loses its magnetism easily when the current is switched off​
c) It has high electrical resistance​
d) It is diamagnetic​
Answer: b) It magnetizes strongly but loses its magnetism easily when the current
is switched off (Low retentivity)
14.​The strength of an electromagnet can be increased by:​
a) Decreasing the current​
b) Decreasing the number of turns in the coil​
c) Increasing the current and/or the number of turns per unit length​
d) Using a core material with low permeability​
Answer: c) Increasing the current and/or the number of turns per unit length
15.​A current-carrying conductor placed in an external magnetic field experiences a:​
a) Change in resistance​
b) Change in temperature​
c) Force (Magnetic Lorentz force)​
d) Change in capacitance​
Answer: c) Force (Magnetic Lorentz force)
16.​The direction of the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field is given by:​
a) Right-Hand Grip Rule​
b) Fleming's Left-Hand Rule​
c) Fleming's Right-Hand Rule​
d) Lenz's Law​
Answer: b) Fleming's Left-Hand Rule
17.​According to Fleming's Left-Hand Rule, if the forefinger points in the direction of the
magnetic field and the center finger points in the direction of the current, then the thumb
points in the direction of the:​
a) Induced EMF​
b) Electric field​
c) Motion/Force on the conductor​
d) Magnetic flux​
Answer: c) Motion/Force on the conductor
18.​The force on a current-carrying conductor is maximum when the conductor is placed
______ to the magnetic field lines.​
a) Parallel​
b) Perpendicular​
c) At 45 degrees​
d) At 30 degrees​
Answer: b) Perpendicular (Force F = BILsinθ, sin90° = 1)
19.​The force on a current-carrying conductor is zero when the conductor is placed ______
to the magnetic field lines.​
a) Parallel​
b) Perpendicular​
c) At 45 degrees​
d) At 60 degrees​
Answer: a) Parallel (Force F = BILsinθ, sin0° = 0)
20.​The phenomenon of generating an electric current in a conductor when it is exposed to a
changing magnetic field is called:​
a) Thermoelectric effect​
b) Piezoelectric effect​
c) Electromagnetic induction​
d) Photoelectric effect​
Answer: c) Electromagnetic induction
21.​Electromagnetic induction was discovered by:​
a) Oersted​
b) Ampere​
c) Maxwell​
d) Michael Faraday​
Answer: d) Michael Faraday
22.​An EMF (and hence current, if the circuit is closed) is induced in a coil when:​
a) The magnetic flux through the coil is constant​
b) The magnetic flux through the coil changes with time​
 c) The coil is placed in a uniform magnetic field​
d) The coil carries a steady DC current​
Answer: b) The magnetic flux through the coil changes with time (Faraday's Law of
Induction)
23.​Faraday's First Law of Electromagnetic Induction states that:​
a) Like poles repel, unlike poles attract​
b) An EMF is induced when magnetic flux changes​
c) Current produces a magnetic field​
d) Induced current opposes the change causing it​
Answer: b) An EMF is induced when magnetic flux changes
24.​Faraday's Second Law of Electromagnetic Induction states that the magnitude of the
induced EMF is proportional to the:​
a) Strength of the magnetic field​
b) Resistance of the coil​
c) Rate of change of magnetic flux linkage​
d) Current flowing in the coil​
Answer: c) Rate of change of magnetic flux linkage (EMF ∝ dΦ/dt)
25.​The direction of the induced current in a circuit due to electromagnetic induction is given
by:​
a) Fleming's Left-Hand Rule​
b) Right-Hand Grip Rule​
c) Lenz's Law (or Fleming's Right-Hand Rule)​
d) Ampere's Law​
Answer: c) Lenz's Law (or Fleming's Right-Hand Rule)
26.​Lenz's Law states that the direction of the induced current is such that it ______ the
change in magnetic flux that produces it.​
a) Assists​
b) Opposes​
c) Has no effect on​
d) Enhances​
Answer: b) Opposes (Conservation of energy)
27.​Fleming's Right-Hand Rule is used to determine the direction of:​
a) Force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field​
b) Magnetic field due to a current​
c) Induced current when a conductor moves in a magnetic field​
d) Force between two parallel currents​
Answer: c) Induced current when a conductor moves in a magnetic field
28.​According to Fleming's Right-Hand Rule, if the thumb points in the direction of motion of
the conductor and the forefinger points in the direction of the magnetic field, then the
center finger points in the direction of the:​
a) Force on the conductor​
b) External electric field​
c) Induced current​