TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY

Thakur Ram Multiple Campus

Lab Report
of
Net Centric Computing
(BIT 351)

Submitted By: Bicky Patel

BIT 6th Sem.
Reg. no.:5-2-15-11-2021
Symbol no.: 767/078

Submitted to : Mr. Shyam Gupta Sir

Tribhuvan University
Institute of Science and Technology (Bachelor in Information Technology (BIT) Program)
1) Write a program to convert input strings from lower to upper and upper to lower
case.

using System;
namespace lab
{
internal class text_transform
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter a string to convert to uppercase:");
string inputUpper = Console.ReadLine();
string upperCase = inputUpper.ToUpper();
Console.WriteLine("Uppercase: " + upperCase);

Console.WriteLine("Enter a string to convert to lowercase:");

string inputLower = Console.ReadLine();
string lowerCase = inputLower.ToLower();
Console.WriteLine("Lowercase: " + lowerCase);
}
}
}
2) Write a program to create a new string from a given string where first and last
characters will be interchanged.

using System;
namespace lab
{
internal class _2_changestring
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter a string:");
string input = Console.ReadLine();
string result = SwapFirstAndLastCharacters(input);
Console.WriteLine("Modified string: " + result);
}

static string SwapFirstAndLastCharacters(string input)

{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(input) || input.Length == 1)
return input;

char[] charArray = input.ToCharArray();

char firstChar = charArray[0];
char lastChar = charArray[input.Length - 1];
charArray[0] = lastChar;
charArray[input.Length - 1] = firstChar;
return new string(charArray);
}
}
}
3) Write a program to demonstrate the basics of class and object.

using System;
namespace lab
{
internal class _3_classobj
{
class Person
{
public string? Name { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
public void DisplayInfo()
{
Console.WriteLine($"Name: {Name}, Age: {Age}");
}
}

class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Person person1 = new Person();
person1.Name = "Alice";
person1.Age = 25;
Person person2 = new Person();
person2.Name = "Bob";
person2.Age = 30;
Console.WriteLine("Person 1:");
person1.DisplayInfo();
Console.WriteLine("\nPerson 2:");
person2.DisplayInfo();
}
}
}
}
4) Write a program to illustrate encapsulation with properties and indexers.

using System;
namespace lab
{
internal class encapsulation
{
class Student
{
private string[] subjects = new string[5];
public string this[int index]
{
get { return subjects[index]; }
set { subjects[index] = value; }
}
public int TotalSubjects
{
get { return subjects.Length; }
}
}

class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Student student = new Student();
student[0] = "Math";
student[1] = "Science";
student[2] = "History";
student[3] = "English";
student[4] = "Computer Science";
Console.WriteLine("Subjects:");
for (int i = 0; i < student.TotalSubjects; i++)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Subject {i + 1}: {student[i]}");
}
 }
}
}
}

5) Write a program that reflects the overloading and overriding of constructor and
function.

using System;
namespace lab
{
internal class _5_overloading
{
class Shape
{
public string Name { get; }
public Shape(string name)
{
Name = name;
}
public virtual void Display()
{
Console.WriteLine($"This is a {Name}");
}
}
class Rectangle : Shape
{
public double Width { get; }
public double Height { get; }
public Rectangle(string name, double width, double height) : base(name)
{
Width = width;
Height = height;
}
public override void Display()
 {
base.Display();
Console.WriteLine($"It has width: {Width} and height: {Height}");
}
}

class Circle : Shape

{
public double Radius { get; }
public Circle(string name, double radius) : base(name)
{
Radius = radius;
}
public void Display(double area)
{
Console.WriteLine($"This is a {Name} with radius {Radius}");
Console.WriteLine($"Area: {area}");
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle("Rectangle", 5, 10);
rectangle.Display();
Circle circle = new Circle("Circle", 7);
double circleArea = CalculateCircleArea(circle.Radius);
circle.Display(circleArea);
}
static double CalculateCircleArea(double radius)
{
return Math.PI * Math.Pow(radius, 2);
}
}
}
}
6) Write a program to implement multiple inheritance with the use of interfaces.

using System;
namespace lab
{
internal class _6_mul_inheritance
{
interface IShape
{
double CalculateArea();
}
interface IColor
{
string GetColor();
}

class Circle : IShape, IColor

{
private double Radius { get; }
private string Color { get; }

public Circle(double radius, string color)

{
Radius = radius;
Color = color;
}
public double CalculateArea()
{
return Math.PI * Math.Pow(Radius, 2);
}
public string GetColor()
{
return Color;
 }
}

class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Circle redCircle = new Circle(5, "Red");

double area = redCircle.CalculateArea();

string color = redCircle.GetColor();
Console.WriteLine($"Circle Area: {area}");
Console.WriteLine($"Circle Color: {color}");
}
}
}
}

7) Write a program to show how to handle exception in C#

using System;
namespace lab
{
internal class _7_exception
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
try
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter a number:");
int num = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());

int result = 10 / num;

Console.WriteLine($"Result: {result}");
}
 catch (FormatException)
{
Console.WriteLine("Invalid input. Please enter a valid number.");
}
catch (DivideByZeroException)
{
Console.WriteLine("Division by zero is not allowed.");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine($"An error occurred: {ex.Message}");
}
finally
{
Console.WriteLine("Program execution completed.");
}
}
}
}
8) Write a program to demonstrate use of Delegate and Events.

using System;
namespace lab
{
internal class _8_delegate
{
public delegate void EventHandler(string message);
class Publisher
{
public event EventHandler Notify;
public void DoSomething()
{
Console.WriteLine("Doing something...");
Notify?.Invoke("Something was done.");
}
}
class Subscriber
{
public void Subscribe(Publisher publisher)
{
publisher.Notify += HandleEvent;
}
public void Unsubscribe(Publisher publisher)
{
publisher.Notify -= HandleEvent;
}
private void HandleEvent(string message)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Event handled: {message}");
}
}
 class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Publisher publisher = new Publisher();
Subscriber subscriber = new Subscriber();

subscriber.Subscribe(publisher);
publisher.DoSomething();
subscriber.Unsubscribe(publisher);
publisher.DoSomething();
}
}
}
}

9) Write a program to show the use of generic classes and methods.

using System;
namespace lab
{
internal class _9_generic
{
class Box<T>
{
private T contents;
public Box(T item)
{
contents = item;
}
public T GetContents()
 {
return contents;
}
}
class MathHelper
{
public static T Max<T>(T a, T b) where T : IComparable<T>
{
return a.CompareTo(b) > 0 ? a : b;
}
}

class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Box<int> intBox = new Box<int>(42);
int intContents = intBox.GetContents();
Console.WriteLine($"Integer Contents: {intContents}");

Box<string> stringBox = new Box<string>("Hello, Generics!");

string stringContents = stringBox.GetContents();
Console.WriteLine($"String Contents: {stringContents}");

int maxInt = MathHelper.Max(10, 20);

Console.WriteLine($"Max Integer: {maxInt}");

double maxDouble = MathHelper.Max(3.14, 2.71);

Console.WriteLine($"Max Double: {maxDouble}");
}
}
}
}
10) Write a program to demonstrate the use of the method as a condition in the LINQ.

using System;
using System.Linq;
namespace lab
{
internal class _10_linq
{
class Person
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
List<Person> people = new List<Person>
{
new Person { Name = "Alice", Age = 25 },
new Person { Name = "Bob", Age = 30 },
new Person { Name = "Charlie", Age = 22 }
};
var result = from person in people
where IsAdult(person.Age)
select person;

Console.WriteLine("Adults:");
foreach (var person in result)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Name: {person.Name}, Age: {person.Age}");
}
}
static bool IsAdult(int age)
{
return age >= 18;
}
}
}
}
11) Demonstrate Asynchronous programming with async, await, Task in C#.

using System;
namespace lab2
{
internal class program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Method1();
Method2();
Console.ReadKey();
}

public static async Task Method1()

{
await Task.Run(() =>
{
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
Console.WriteLine(" Method 1");
// Do something
Task.Delay(100).Wait();
}
});
}

public static void Method2()

{
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
Console.WriteLine(" Method 2");
 // Do something
Task.Delay(100).Wait();
}
}
}
}

12) Write a program to demonstrate dependency injection in asp.net core.

Controllers/WeatherController.cs

using dependency2.Services;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
namespace dependency2.Controllers
{
public class WeatherController : Controller
{
private readonly IWeatherService _weatherService;
public WeatherController(IWeatherService weatherService)
{
_weatherService = weatherService;
}
public IActionResult Index()
{
string forecast = _weatherService.GetForecast();
return View((object)forecast);
}
}
}
Services/WeatherService.cs
namespace dependency2.Services
{
public class WeatherService : IWeatherService
{
public string GetForecast()
{
return "Today's weather is sunny!";
}
}
}

Services/IWeatherService.cs
namespace dependency2.Services
{
public interface IWeatherService
{
string GetForecast();
}
}

Index.cshtml
@model string

<h1>Weather Forecast</h1>
<p>@Model</p>

Program.cs
using dependency2.Services;
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
builder.Services.AddControllersWithViews();
builder.Services.AddScoped<IWeatherService, WeatherService>();
var app = builder.Build();
if (!app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
}
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
 app.UseAuthorization();
app.MapControllerRoute(
name: "default",
pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
app.Run();

13) Create an ASP.NET Core application to perform CRUD operation using ADO.NET

Controllers/ProductController.cs
using lab13_2.Models;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
namespace lab13_2.Controllers
{
public class ProductController : Controller
{
private string _connectionString = "Server=DESKTOP-
OVRP8KV\\SQLEXPRESS;Database=Lab;Integrated Security=true;Encrypt=false";
public IActionResult Create()
{
return View();
}

[HttpPost]
public IActionResult Create(Product product)
{
using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(_connectionString))
{
connection.Open();
string query = "INSERT INTO Products (Name, Price, Description) VALUES
(@Name, @Price, @Description)";
using SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(query, connection);
 command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Name", product.Name);
command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Price", product.Price);
command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Description", product.Description);
command.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}

public IActionResult Index()

{
List<Product> products = new List<Product>();
using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(_connectionString))
{
connection.Open();
string query = "SELECT * FROM Products";
using SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(query, connection);
using SqlDataReader reader = command.ExecuteReader();
while (reader.Read())
{
Product product = new Product
{
Id = Convert.ToInt32(reader["Id"]),
Name = reader["Name"].ToString(),
Price = Convert.ToDecimal(reader["Price"]),
Description = reader["Description"].ToString()
};
products.Add(product);
}
}
return View(products);
}

public IActionResult Edit(int id)

{
Product product = new Product();
using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(_connectionString))
{
connection.Open();
string query = "SELECT * FROM Products WHERE Id = @Id";
using SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(query, connection);
 command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Id", id);
using SqlDataReader reader = command.ExecuteReader();
while (reader.Read())
{
product.Id = Convert.ToInt32(reader["Id"]);
product.Name = reader["Name"].ToString();
product.Price = Convert.ToDecimal(reader["Price"]);
product.Description = reader["Description"].ToString();
}
}
return View(product);
}

[HttpPost]
public IActionResult Edit(Product product)
{
using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(_connectionString))
{
connection.Open();
string query = "UPDATE Products SET Name = @Name, Price = @Price,
Description = @Description WHERE Id = @Id";
using SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(query, connection);
command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Id", product.Id);
command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Name", product.Name);
command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Price", product.Price);
command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Description", product.Description);
command.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}

public IActionResult Delete(int id)

{
using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(_connectionString))
{
connection.Open();
string query = "DELETE FROM Products WHERE Id = @Id";
using SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(query, connection);
command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Id", id);
 command.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
}
}
Models/Product.cs
namespace lab13_2.Models
{
public class Product
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string? Name { get; set; }
public decimal Price { get; set; }
public string? Description { get; set; }
}
}
Views/Product/Create.cshtml
@model lab13_2.Models.Product
<h2>Create Product</h2
<form asp-action="Create">
<div class="form-group">
<label asp-for="Name"></label>
<input asp-for="Name" class="form-control" />
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label asp-for="Price"></label>
<input asp-for="Price" class="form-control" />
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label asp-for="Description"></label>
<input asp-for="Description" class="form-control" />
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Create</button>
</form>

Views/Product/Edit.cshtml
@model lab13_2.Models.Product
<h2>Edit Product</h2>
<form asp-action="Edit">
<input type="hidden" asp-for="Id" />
<div class="form-group">
<label asp-for="Name"></label>
<input asp-for="Name" class="form-control" />
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label asp-for="Price"></label>
<input asp-for="Price" class="form-control" />
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label asp-for="Description"></label>
<input asp-for="Description" class="form-control" />
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Save Changes</button>
</form>
Views/Product/Index.cshtml
@model IEnumerable<lab13_2.Models.Product>
<h2>Product List</h2>
<p>
<a asp-action="Create" class="btn btn-primary">Create New</a>
</p>
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Id</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Price</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
@foreach (var product in Model)
{
<tr>
<td>@product.Id</td>
<td>@product.Name</td>
<td>@product.Price</td>
<td>@product.Description</td>
 <td>
<a asp-action="Details" asp-route-id="@product.Id">Details</a> |
<a asp-action="Edit" asp-route-id="@product.Id">Edit</a> |
<a asp-action="Delete" asp-route-id="@product.Id">Delete</a>
</td>
</tr>
}
</tbody>
</table>
14) Write a program to store and display employee information using DbContext.

Controllers/HomeController.cs
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using PurpleStore.Models;
namespace PurpleStore.Controllers
{
public class HomeController : Controller
{
ApplicationContext context;
private readonly ILogger<HomeController> _logger;
public HomeController(ILogger<HomeController> logger, ApplicationContext
_context)
{
_logger = logger;
context = _context;
}
//Add data
public void Add()
{
var cat1 = new Category { Name = "Toy", Description = "This is a Car Toy!" };
context.Categories.Add(cat1);
context.SaveChanges();
}
//Read data
public IActionResult Index()
{
//return context.Categories.ToList();
List<Category> categorylist = context.Categories.ToList();
return View(categorylist);
}
}
}

Models/ApplicationContext.cs
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
namespace PurpleStore.Models
{
public class ApplicationContext : DbContext
{
 private readonly IConfiguration configuration;
public ApplicationContext(IConfiguration _configuration)
{
configuration = _configuration;
}
protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
{
if(!optionsBuilder.IsConfigured)
{
optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer(configuration.GetConnectionString("test"));
}
}
protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
{
}
public DbSet<Category> Categories { get; set; }
}
}

Models/Product.cs
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
namespace PurpleStore.Models
{
public class Category
{
[Key]
public int Id { get; set; }
public string? Name { get; set; }
public string? Description { get; set; }
}
}

Views/Home/Index.cshtml
@model List<PurpleStore.Models.Category>
<h2>Categories</h2>
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
 <th>Name</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
@foreach (var category in Model)
{
<tr>
<td>@category.Id</td>
<td>@category.Name</td>
<td>@category.Description</td>
</tr>
}
</tbody>
</table>

appsettings.json
{
"ConnectionStrings": {
"test": "server=DESKTOP-OVRP8KV\\SQLEXPRESS; database=Sharad; Integrated
Security=True; encrypt=False;"
}
}

Program.cs
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using PurpleStore.Models;
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
builder.Services.AddControllersWithViews();
builder.Services.AddDbContext<ApplicationContext>(options =>
{
options.UseSqlServer(
builder.Configuration.GetConnectionString("test"));
}
);
builder.Services.AddSession(options => { options.IdleTimeout =
TimeSpan.FromMinutes(10); });
var app = builder.Build();

// Configure the HTTP request pipeline.

if (!app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
app.UseHsts();
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseSession();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.MapControllerRoute(
name: "default",
pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
app.Run();
15) Write a program to demonstrate state management server-side in asp.net core
application.

Controller/StateController.cs
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
namespace lab15.Controllers
{
public class StateController : Controller
{
public IActionResult Add()
{
return View();
}

[HttpPost]
public IActionResult SetUserData(string username, string message)
{
// Session state example
HttpContext.Session.SetString("Username", username);
// TempData example
TempData["Message"] = message;
return RedirectToAction("Display");
}

public IActionResult Display()

{
// Retrieve session state
string username = HttpContext.Session.GetString("Username");
// Retrieve TempData
string message = TempData["Message"] as string;
ViewBag.Username = username;
ViewBag.Message = message;
return View();
}
}
}
Views/State/Add.cshtml
@model lab15.Controllers.StateController
<form method="post" asp-action="SetUserData">
<label for="username">Username:</label>
<input type="text" id="username" name="username" required><br>
<label for="message">Message:</label>
<input type="text" id="message" name="message" required><br>
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>
Views/State/Display.cshtml
@{
ViewData["Title"] = "Display";
}
<h2>Display</h2>
<div>
<p>Username from Session State: @ViewBag.Username</p>
<p>Message from TempData: @ViewBag.Message</p>
</div>
Program.cs
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
builder.Services.AddControllersWithViews();
// Add session services
builder.Services.AddDistributedMemoryCache(); // For session state
builder.Services.AddSession(options =>
{
options.Cookie.Name = "MySessionCookie";
options.IdleTimeout = System.TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30);
options.Cookie.IsEssential = true;
});
var app = builder.Build();
if (!app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
}
app.UseStaticFiles();
// Use session middleware
app.UseSession();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.MapControllerRoute(
name: "default",
pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
app.Run();
16) Write a program to demonstrate state management client-side in asp.net core
application.

Controllers/StateController.cs

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
namespace lab16.Controllers
{
public class StateController : Controller
{
public IActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}

[HttpPost]
public IActionResult SetCookie(string data)
{
// Set a cookie with the user-provided data
CookieOptions option = new CookieOptions();
option.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(30); // Cookie expiration time
Response.Cookies.Append("UserData", data, option);
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}

public IActionResult GetCookie()

{
// Retrieve the user data from the cookie
string userData = Request.Cookies["UserData"];
ViewBag.UserData = userData;
return View();
}
}
}

Views/State/Index.cshtml
@page
@model lab16.Controllers.StateController
<form method="post" asp-action="SetCookie">
<label for="data">Enter data:</label>
 <input type="text" name="data" required />
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>
Views/State/GetCookie.cshtml
@page
@model lab16.Controllers.StateController
<h2>Stored User Data:</h2>
<p>@ViewBag.UserData</p>