Solution

ANNUAL WXAMINATION

Class 10 - Mathematics
Section A
1.
(b) (n + 1) : n
Explanation:
Let a and d be the first term and common difference respectively of the given A.P.
Now, S1 = Sum of odd terms
⇒ S1 = a1 + a3 + a5 + ... + a2n+1
n+1
⇒ S1 = 2
{a1 + a2n+1}
n+1
⇒ S1 = 2
{a + a +(2n + 1 - 1)d}
⇒ S1 = (n + 1)(a + nd)
and, S2 = Sum of even terms
⇒ S2 = a2 + a4 + a6 + ... + a2n ⇒ S2 = n

2
[a2 + an2]
⇒ S2 = n

2
[(a + d) + {a + (2n - 1)d}]
⇒ S2 = n(a + nd)
∴ S1 : S2 = (n + 1) (a + nd) : n(a + nd) = (n + 1) : n

2.
(c) 24.4
Explanation:
Maximum frequency = 25
Hence, modal class is 22 - 26
(f −f )

Now, Mode
k k−1
= xk + h { }
(2f −f −f )
k k−1 k+1

(25−16)
= 22 + 4 { }
(2(25)−16−19)

9
= 22 + 4 ×
15

= 22 + 2.4
= 24.4

3.
−−
(d) √39 cm
Explanation:
−−
√39 cm

4.
– – 2
(c) (√2x + √3) 2
+ x = 3x
2
− 5x

Explanation:
– – 2
In equation (√2x + √3) + x
2
= 3x
2
− 5x

2 – 2 2
⇒2x + 3 + 2√6x + x = 3x − 5x

2 2 –
⇒3x − 3x + 5x + 2√6x + 3 = 0
–
⇒(5 + 2√6) x + 3 = 0

It is not the quadratic equation because its degree is not 2.

5.
(d) 21.65 m

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 Explanation:
Let the height of the tree be h.
In △PAT, tan 60o =
– –
h

x
⇒ √3 = h

x
⇒ h = √3 x
In △QAT, tan 30o = 50−x
h
⇒
1
= h

50−x
√3

– 50√3
⇒ √3 h = 50 - h
⇒ h= 4
= 21.65 m [∵ x = h
]
√3 √3

⇒ The height of the tree is 21.65 m

6.
(c) 128
Explanation:
Largest number that divides each one of 1152 and 1664 = HCF (1152, 1664)
We know, 1152 = 27 × 32
1164 = 27 × 13
∴ HCF = 27 = 128

7. (a) 2 : 3
Explanation:
Let the point (4, 5) divides the line segment joining the points (2, 3) and (7, 8) in the ratio m: n
m x2 +n x1 m×7+n×2
∴ 4 = =
m+n m+n

⇒ 4(m + n) = 7m + 2n ⇒ 4m + 4n = 7m + 2n
4n - 2n = 7m - 4m
m
⇒ 2n = 3m ⇒
2
=
n 3

∴ m:n=2:3
8.
(b) (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv)
Explanation:
(a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv)

9.
(b) 1

Explanation:
Number of composite numbers on a dice = {4, 6} = 2
Number of possible outcomes = 2
Number of Total outcomes = 6
∴ Required Probability =
2 1
=
6 3

10.
(d) 7

Explanation:
cos θ

2
= cos θ

2
...(∵ sin2θ + cos2θ = 1)
1− sin θ co s θ

= cosθ
1

= 1

3
( )
7

= 7

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11.
(c) 10
Explanation:
Let 3x + 2y = 25 ...(i)
2x + 3y = 15 ...(ii)
eq. (i) - eq. (ii)
x - y = 10

x
12. (a) 2√π

Explanation:
Let V1 be the volume of the cylinder with radius r and height h, then
V1 = πr h .... (i)
2

Now, let V2 be the volume of the box, then

V2 = x2h
It is given that V1 = 1/4 V2. Therefore,
2 1 2
πr h = x h
4
2
2 x x
⇒ r = ⇒ r =
4π 2√π

13.
(b) x2 + 3x - 40
Explanation:
Let α and β , zeroes of the quadratic polynomials where, α = 5 and β = -8
α + β = 5 + (-8)

= -3
αβ = 5 × (-8)

= -40
For quadratic polynomials,
p(x) = k(x2 - (α +β )x + αβ)
= k(x2 - (-3)x + (-40))
= k(x2 + 3x - 40)
for k =1,
p(x) = x2 + 3x - 40

14.
(c) 40882.8 m2
Explanation:
∘

The area of the sector = x

∘
2
× πr
360
∘
123 22 2
= ∘
× × 138
360 7

= 20441.4 m2
Area covered by the man of the walking track in a day = 20441.4 + 20441.4
= 40882.8 m2

15. (a) 100

Explanation:
Three-digit numbers divisible by 9 are 108, 117, 126,..., 999.
Let Tn = 999. Then, 108 + (n - 1) × 9 = 999.
∴ (n -1) × 9 = 891 ⇒ (n -1) = 99 ⇒ n = 100.
16.
(b) 315

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 Explanation:
Class having maximum frequency is the modal class.
hence, modal class : 150-155
∴ Lower limit of the modal class = 150
Also, N = 60 ⇒ = 30 N

The cumulative frequency just greater than 30 is 37.

Hence, the median class is 160-165.
∴ Upper limit of the median class = 165

Required sum = 150 + 165 = 315

17.
(b) 50o
Explanation:
In △APB,
AP = BP [∵ tangents are equal from an external point to the circle]
∴ ∠P AB = ∠P BA [∵ Angles opp. to equal sides of a triangle are equal]

And
∘
∠A + ∠P AB + ∠P BA = 180

∘ ∘
80 + ∠P BA + ∠P BA = 180

∘ ∘
2. ∠P BA = 180 − 80
100
∠P BA =
2

∘
∠P BA = 50

∘
∴ ∠P AB = 50

18. (a) x2 - 5x + 6 = 0
Explanation:
since 3 is the root of the equation, x = 3 must satisfy the equation.
Applying x = 3 in the equation x2 - 5x + 6 = 0
gives, (3)2 - 5(3) + 6 = 0
⇒ 9 - 15 + 6 =0
⇒ 15 - 15 = 0
⇒ 0 = 0

⇒ L.H.S. = R.H.S.

Hence, x2 - 5x + 6 = 0 is a required equation which has 3 as root.

19.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
In △ABC
ta30o = P

B
=
AB

DC

1 AB
=
√3 20

20
AB =
√3

AB = 11.56
hence, Assertion is incorrect.

20. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
380 is not divisible by 18.
Section B
21. Since (2, 1) and (1, -2) are equidistant from (x, y), therefore,
Distance of (2, 1) from (x, y) = Distance of (1, -2) from (x, y)

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 −−−−−−−−−−−−−− − −−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
√(x − 2)2 + (y − 1)2 = √(x − 1)2 + (y + 2)2

(x - 2)2 + (y - 1)2 = (x - 1)2 + (y + 2)2

x2 + 4 - 4x + y2 + 1 - 2y = x2 + 1 - 2x + y2 + 4 + 4y
4 - 4x + 1 - 2y = 1 - 2x + 4 + 4y
2x + 6y = 0
x + 3y = 0
OR
The median from A meets BC at D
∴ D is the mid-point of BC

6+1 5+4
∴ D→ (
2
,
2
) [Using mid-point formula]
7 9
⇒ D→ ( , )
2 2

22. Given that,

In the figure the triangle ABC
XZ||BC and the length of AZ = 3 cm, ZC = 2 cm, BM = 3 cm and MC = 5 cm.
From △ABC and △AXZ
∠ AXZ = ∠ ABC [by corresponding angles]

∠AZX = ∠ ACB [by corresponding angles]

By basic proportionality theorem △ABC and △AXZ are similar.
So,
YZ AZ
=
MC ZC
YZ 3
=
5 2

YZ = 15

Then,
XZ AZ
=
BC ZC
XY +Y Z AZ
=
BM+MC ZC
15
XY +
2 3
=
3+5 2

XY + 15

2
=
24

XY = 9

2
= 4.5 cm
OR
In triangle ABC and DEF, we have
AB = 2.5, BC = 3
∘
∠A = 80

EF = 6
DF = 5
∘
∠F = 80
AB 2.5 1
= =
DF 5 2

And, BC

EF
=
3

6
=
1

∠A = ∠F

Hence, △ ABC ∼△ DEF (by SAS Rule ).

23. Total number of outcomes = 80
i. Favourable outcomes are 1 2 2 2 2 2
,2 ,3 ,4 ,5 ,6 ,7 ,8
2 2 2

Number of favourable outcomes = 8

8
P(perfect square number) = =
80
1

10

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 ii. Favourable outcomes are 6,12,18,24,30,36,42,48,54,60,66,72,78.
Number of favourable outcomes = 13
P(number divisible by 2 and 3) = 13

80

24. sin θ + cos θ = 1 − 3 sin

6 6 2
θ cos
2
θ

L.H.S. = sin θ + cos θ 6 6

3 3
2 2
= (sin θ) + (cos θ)

2 2 4 4 2 2 3 3 2 2
= (sin θ + cos θ) (sin θ + cos θ − sin θ cos θ) [∵ a + b = (a + b) (a + b − ab)]

= 1 (sin
4
θ + cos
4
θ + 2 sin
2
θ ⋅ cos
2
θ − 2 sin
2
θ cos
2
θ − sin
2
θ cos
2
θ] since, sin
2
A + cos
2
A= 1
2
2 2 2 2
= (sin θ + cos θ) − 3 sin θ cos θ

2 2
= 1 − 3 sin θ cos θ

= R.H.S. proved.
25. The given equations are
4x + 6y = 18
So, 4x + 6y - 18 =0 .......... (i)
And 2x + 3y = 9
So, 2x + 3y - 9 = 0 ........... (ii)
The given equations are in the form of
a1x + b1 y + c1 = 0
and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0
After comparing, we get
a1 = 4, b1 = 6, c1 = -18
a2 = 2, b2 = 3, c2 = -9
It can be observed that:
a1 4
= = 2
a2 2

b1 6
= = 2
b2 3
c1 −18
= = 2
c2 −9

a1 b1 c1
∴ = =
a2 b2 c2

Thus, the given system of equations has infinitely many solutions and thus is consistent.
Section C
26. We have,
Radius of the sphere = 3 cm
Volume of the sphere = 4

3
π × (3)3 cm3 = 36 π cm3
Radius of the cylindrical vessel = 6 cm
Suppose water level rises by h cm in the cylindrical vessel. Then,
Vol. of the cylinder of height h cm and radius 6 cm = (π × 62× h) cm3 = 36π h cm3
Clearly, volume of the water displaced by the sphere is equal to the volume of the sphere.
∴ 36π h = 36π ⇒ h = 1 cm
Hence, water level rises by 1 cm.
OR
Volume of the toy = Volume of cone + Volume of hemisphere

Volume of cone
Height of cone = OA = h = 2 cm
Diameter of cone = BC = 4 cm
Diameter
So, radius = r = 2
=
4

2
= 2 cm

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 Volume of cone = 1

3
πr h
2

1 2
= π × (2) × (2)
3

= 8π

3
cm3
Volume of hemisphere
Diameter of hemisphere = BC = 4 cm
So, radius = r = = = 2 cm Diameter

2
4

Volume of hemisphere = 2

3
πr
3

2 3
= × π × (2)
3
2
= π × 2 × 2 × 2
3

cm3
16π
=
3

Volume of the toy = Volume of cone + Volume of hemisphere

8π 16π
= +
3 3
8π+16π
=
3
24π
=
3
24×3.14
=
3

= 8 × 3.14
= 25.12 cm3
27. We know that, if x = a is a zero of a polynomial then x - a is a factor of quadratic polynomials.
−1
Since and 1 are zeros of polynomial.
4

Therefore (x + 1

4
) (x - 1)
2 1 1
= x + x − x −
4 4

2 1 4 1
= x + x − x −
4 4 4

2 1−4 1
= x + x −
4 4

2 3 1
= x − x −
4 4

3 1
Hence, the family of quadratic polynomials is f(x) = k (x 2
−
4
x −
4
) , where k is any non-zero real number.
28. Radius of the sector of the circle = r cm
and angle at the centre = θ
Area of sector OAB = A cm2
and perimeter of sector OAB = 50 cm
Area of the sector = πr × 2 θ
∘
360

2 θ
⇒ A = πr × ( ∘ )
360

i. Perimeter = 2OA + arc AB

θ
⇒ 50 = 2r + 2πr × ( ∘
)
360

θ
⇒ 50 − 2r = 2πr ( ∘
)
360

θ 50−2r 50 2r
⇒ ∘
= = −
360 2πr 2πr 2πr

⇒
360
θ
∘
=
25

πr
−
1

π
........(i)
∘
25 1 360 25
⇒ θ = 360 ( − ) = ( − 1)
πr π π r

ii. A = πr 2
× (
25

πr
−
1

π
) = πr
2
×
1

π
(
25

r
− 1)

2 25 25 2 2
= r ( − 1) = × r − r
r r

= 25r - r2
Hence Proved.
n
29. The general term of an AP is given by an=a+(n-1)d and Sn= [2a+(n-1)d]. 2

Given that a2=14 and a3=18

So, d=a3-a2=18-14=4
Now, a2=14 ⇒ a+4=14 ⇒ a=10
Also, S51= 51

2
[2(10)+(50)4]

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 ⇒ S51= 51

2
[20+200]
⇒ S51= 51

2
[220]
⇒ S51=51× 110
⇒ S51=5610
30. Calculation of mean:
xi −50
Class Mid-values (xi) Frequency (fi) di = xi -50 ui = fiui
20

0-20 10 7 -40 -2 -14

20-40 30 p -20 -1 -p

40-60 50 10 0 0 0

60-80 70 9 20 1 9

80-100 90 13 40 2 26

N = ∑ f = 39 + p
i ∑ fi ui = 21 - p
According to the question, mean of the given data is 54.
From table,
A = 50,​​N = 39 + p, h = 20, Σf u = 21 - p i i

We know that, Mean = A + h { 1

N
Σfi ui }

21−p
⇒ 54 = 50 + 20 × { 39+p
} ​​​​​​​

21−p
⇒ 4 = 20 × { 39+p
} ​​​​​​​

21−p
⇒ 1=5( 39+p
)

⇒ 39 + p = 105 - 5p
⇒ 6p = 66

⇒ p = 11

OR
Class Interval Frequency Cumulative Frequency

0 - 10 8 8

10 - 20 16 24

20 - 30 36 60

30 - 40 34 94

40 - 50 6 100
Here, N = 100 ⇒ N

2
= 50

The cumulative frequency just greater than 50 is 60.

Hence, median class is 20 - 30.
∴ l = 20, h = 10, f = 36, cf = cf of preceding class is 24
N
( −cf )

Now, Median = l + {h ×
2
}
f

(50−24)
= 20 + {10 × }
36

26
= 20 + {10 × }
36

= 20 + 7.22
= 27.2
Thus, the median of the data is 27.2.

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31. Given,

Let ,
AD = x cm,

BD = AB − AD

= (12 − x)cm

AD = AF [tangents from point A]

AF = x cm

Now, C F = AC − AF = (10 − x)cm

CE = CF

C E = (10 − x)cm

BD = BE

BE = (12 − x)cm

Now, BC = C E + BE
⇒ 8 = (10 − x) + (12 − x)

⇒ 8 = 22 − 2x ⇒ 2x = 14

⇒ x = 7 cm
⇒ AD = 7 cm.
BE = 12 − x

= 12 − 7 = 5cm.

⇒ C F = 10 − x

= 10 − 7 = 3cm

Section D
32. Let the present age of father be x years.
Son's present age = (45 - x) years.
Five years ago:
Father's age = (x - 5) years
Son's age = (45 - x - 5) years = (40 - x) years.
According to question,
∴ (x - 5) (40 - x) = 124

⇒ 40x - x2 - 200 + 5x = 124

⇒ x2 - 45x + 324 = 0
Spilting the middle term,
⇒ x2 - 36x - 9 x + 324 = 0
⇒ x(x - 36) - 9(x - 36) = 0

⇒ (x - 9)(x - 36) = 0

⇒ x = 9, or 36

We can't take father age as 9 years

So, x = 36, we have
Father's present age = 36 years
Son's present age = 9 years
Hence, Father's present age = 36 years and Son's present age = 9 years.
OR
Since (-5) is a root of given quadratic equation 2x2 + px + 15 =0,then,
2
2(−5) + p(−5) − 15 = 0

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 50 − 5p − 15 = 0

5p = 35 ⇒ p = 7

Now p (x 2
+ x) + k = 0 has equal roots
2
px + px + k = 0

So (b) 2
− 4ac = 0

2
(p) − 4p × k = 0

2
(7) − 4 × 7 × k = 0

28k = 49
49 7
k = =
28 4

hence p = 7 and k = 7

33.

In △ABD
tan 60o = AB

DB
–
√3 = h

x
–
h = x √3 ...(1)
Now, In △ABC
tan 30o = 50+x
h
​
1
= 50+x
h

√3
–
50 + x = h√3
– –
50 + x = x √3 × √3
[from eqn (1)]
50 + x = 3x
2x = 50
x = 25
Putting in eqn (1)
–
h = 25 × √3 = 25 × 1.73
h = 43.25 m
34. Let √–
p + √q is rational number
A rational number can be written in the form of a

–
√p + √q = a

Squaring on both side, we get

2
−− a
p + q + 2√pq = ( )
b

2
−− 1 a
√pq = [( ) − p − q]
2 b

Now p and q are prime positive number.

So,√–p and ​√q ​is irrational number .

Also √–pq is irrational number .

Since a rational number cannot be equal to an irrational number . Our assumption that √–
p + √q is rational
wrong .
So, √–
p + √q is an irrational number.
35. i. Position of the pole C(5, 4)

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 ii. B(6, 6)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−− − −−−−−− −− –
2 2
∴ BO = √(6 − 0) + (6 − 0) = √36 + 36 = √72 or 6√2
iii. a. A(2, 7), B(6, 6), C(5, 4)
Let D(x, y)
ABCD forms a parallelogram
∴ Mid-point of AC = Mid-point of BD

2+5 7+4 6+x 6+y

( , ) = ( , )
2 2 2 2

7 6+x
= ⇒ x= 1
2 2
2
11 6 +y
= ⇒ y = 5
2 2

Position of the fourth pole D is (1, 5)

OR
−−−−−−−−−−−−−− − −−−−
b. AC = √(5 − 2) 2 2
+ (4 − 7) = √9 + 9
−− –
= √18 or 3√2
OR
According to the question, A(0, - 1),D(1, 0) and E(0,1).

Let coordinates of B and C are (x2, y2) and (x3, y3) respectively.
D is mid-point of AB,
0+x2
∴ 1= 2

⇒ x2 = 2
−1+y
and 0 = 2
2

⇒ y2 = 1
∴ Coordinates of B are (2, 1)
E is mid-point of AC
0+x3
∴ 0= 2

⇒ x3 = 0
−1+y
and 1 = 2
3

⇒ y3 = 3
∴ Coordinates of C are (0, 3)
Area of △ABC
1
= [0(1 − 3) + 2(3 + 1) + 0(−1 + −1)]
2

=
1

2
× 8 = 4 sq. units
F is mid-point of BC
2+0 1+3
∴ Coordiantes F are ( 2
,
2
) , i.w, (1, 2).
Area △DEF
1
= [1(2 − 1) + (1 − 0) + 0(0 − 2)]
2
1
=
2
[1 + 1] = 1 sq. units
Section E

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36. i.

△ ABD ∼ △CED (by AA criteria)

30 40
=
a x
x 40
=
a 30

a= 30

40
x

Again

40−x a
=
40 50
40−x 30×x
=
40 40×50

8000 - 200x = 120x

8000 = 320x
∴ x = 25 feet

ii.

x a
=
40 30
25 a
=
40 30
25×30
= a
40
75

4
=a
a = 18.75 feet

iii.

−−−−−−−−
2
AD = √30 2
+ 40

−−−−−− −−−
= √900 + 1600
−−−−
= √2500

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 AD = 50 feet
In △CED
−−−−−−−−−−
CD = √18.75 2
+ 25
2

−−−−−−−
= √976.5625

= 31.25 feet
AC = AD - CD
= 50 - 31.25
= 18.75 feet
OR
−−−−−−−−
√402 + 202

−−−−−−− −−
= √1600 + 400
−−−−
= √2000
–
= 20√5 feet

37. i.

favourable event
P(Smoker with rider plan = total possible outcomes

15
= 100

ii.

42
P(non-smoker without rider plan) = 100

= 21

50

iii.

P(smoker without rider plan) = 15

100

OR

28
P(non-smoker with rider plan) = 100
7
= 25

38. i. cos 60o = 10

a
1 10
=
2 a

a = 20 m

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ii. tan 60o = b

10
–
√3 = b

10
–
b = 10√3
b = 17.32 m
iii. Sin 30o = b

d
1 17.32
=
2 d

d = 34.64 m
OR
Cos 30o = c

√3 c
=
2 34.64

34.64× √3
c= 2

c = 29.99
c ≈ 30 m

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