BAKU-2023

Book of abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern

Trends in Physics, dedicated to the 100th anniversary of National Leader
Heydar Aliyev, November 30 – December 01, 2023. Baku State University,
Baku, Azerbaijan. 184 p.

ISBN: 978-9952-546-49-1

©Baku State University, 2023

 ORGANIZING COMMITTEE:

Chairman:
Huseyn Mammadov Vice Rector for Science and Innovations,
Baku State University (BSU), Azerbaijan

Deputy chairman:
Bakhtiyar Pashaev Dean of Physics Faculty, BSU, Azerbaijan

Members:
Sadiyar Rahimov Director of Institute for Physical Problems,
BSU, Azerbaijan
Vusal Mammadov Deputy Dean for Academic Affairs of the
Physics Faculty, BSU, Azerbaijan
Shahla Hajiyeva Deputy Dean for Scientific Affairs of the
Physics Faculty, BSU, Azerbaijan
Yegana Aliyeva Scientific secretary, BSU, Azerbaijan
Mahir Pirguliyev Head of the Rector’s Secretariat, BSU, Azerbaijan
Mustafa Muradov Deputy Director for Education, Programs and
Cooperation of Excellence Center for Research,
Development and Innovations, BSU, Azerbaijan
Zohrab Aghamaliyev Deputy Director for R&D and Innovations of
Excellence Center for Research, Development
and Innovations, BSU, Azerbaijan
Ilyas Nasibov Director of Student Scientific-Technical Creativity
Center, BSU, Azerbaijan
Mirnamik Bashirov Head of the Department of Doctorate,
BSU, Azerbaijan

3
 Majid Gojayev Associate Professor, Theoretical Physics Department,
BSU, Azerbaijan
Goncha Eyvazova Leading researcher, EC Nano Research Lab,
BSU, Azerbaijan
Lala Gahramanli Leading researcher, EC Nano Research Lab,
BSU, Azerbaijan
Sara Rahimzade Specialist of Physics faculty, BSU, Azerbaijan

4
 PROGRAM COMMITTEE:

Chairman:
Aydin Kazimzade Rector’s advisor for Science and Education,
BSU, Azerbaijan

Members:
Oktay Gasimov Director of Institute of Biophysics, Ministry of
Science and Education, Azerbaijan
Sajid Qamar Rector of COMSATS University, Pakistan
Mais Suleymanov Director of the Centre for Organization of Scientific
Activity and Innovations, BSU, Azerbaijan
Eldar Masimov Head of the Department of Matter Structure,
BSU, Azerbaijan
Ahmad Abdinov Head of the Department of Physical Electronics,
BSU, Azerbaijan
Vagif Salmanov Head of the Department of Semiconductor
Physics, BSU, Azerbaijan
Rena Gasimova Head of the Department of Optics and Molecular
Physics, BSU, Azerbaijan
Maarif Jafarov Head of the Department of Chemical Physics of
Nanomaterials, BSU, Azerbaijan
Kamala Alisheva Head of the Department of Astrophysics,
BSU, Azerbaijan
Mammad Rajabov Head of the Department of Theoretical Physics,
BSU, Azerbaijan
Mehdi Mahmudov Head of the Department of Solid State Physics,
BSU, Azerbaijan

5
 Ulviyya Hasanova  Head of ICESCO Biomedical Materials department,
BSU, Azerbaijan
Stefano Bellucci  Professor, Enrico Fermi Institute of Nuclear
Physics, Italy
Farhad Rustamov  Head of Condensed Matter department, Institute
for Physical Problems, BSU, Azerbaijan
Namig Ahmedov  Head of Biophysics department, Institute for
Physical Problems, BSU, Azerbaijan
Nizami Hasanli  Professor, Middle East Technical University,
Türkiye
Ali Gencer  Professor, Ankara University, Türkiye
Syed Ismat Shah  Professor, Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, University of Delaware, United States
Luka Di Palma  Professor, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
Tahmasib Aliyev  Professor, Middle East Technical University,
Türkiye
Amrulla Mammadov  Professor, Bilkent University, Türkiye
Iman Askerzade  Professor, Ankara University, Türkiye
Nazim Mammadov  Professor, Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and
Education, Azerbaijan
Bahadir Irqaziyev  Professor, National University of Uzbekistan,
Uzbekistan
Suleyman Ozcelik  Professor, Gazi University, Türkiye
Serkan Akkoyun  Professor, Department of Physics, Sivas
Cumhuriyet University, Türkiye

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

CONTENT

INNOVATIVE APPLICATIONS OF ADVANCED 2D MATERIALS

Bellucci S. ....................................................................................................... 19
PHYSICS OF DOUBLY HEAVY BARYONS
Aliyev T........................................................................................................... 20
FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED PHYSICS WITH REACTOR NEUTRINOS
Yakushev E. .................................................................................................... 21
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MEMBRANE PROPERTIES OF HUMAN LUNG
CARCINOMA AND NORMAL CELLS: RELEVANCE FOR DRUG DELIVERY
1*
Gasymov O.K., 2Aliyev J.A. ........................................................................... 22
MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITIES OF SUPERSONIC
SHEAR LAYERS WITH FINITE INTERFACE THICKNESS AND HEAT FLUX IN
ANISOTROPIC SPACE PLASMAS
1*
Dzhalilov N.S., 2Ismayilli R. ........................................................................... 23
THERMODYNAMIC SIGNATURES AND PHASE TRANSITIONS IN HIGH-ENERGY
HADRONIC AND NUCLEAR COLLISIONS
1*
Ajaz M., 2Waqas M., 3Alrebdi H.I., 1Badshah M. .......................................... 24
TRAVELLING OF SINE-GORDON SOLITONS IN NETWORK OF JOSEPHSON
JUNCTION ARRAYS
1,3*
Askerzade I.N., 2Matrasulov D., 1Salati M. ................................................. 25
EXTENDED LINEAR-SIGMA MODEL: MASS SPECTRUM OF CHARMED MESONS
1*
Tawfik A., 2Ahmadov A. ............................................................................... 25
THE SEARCH FOR A RARE PROCESS FOR HIGGS BOSON PRODUCTION BY
APPLYING A NEW EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHM WHICH CONSTRUCT A
OPTIMIZED NEURAL NETWORK IN AN IRREGULAR HYPERPARAMETER SPACE
1,2*
Huseynov N.A., 2Boyko I.R., 2Yeletskikh I.V., 2Didenko A.R., 2Koval O.A........ 26
GEOGRAPHY OF OBSERVATION OF THE OWN REFLECTED RADIATION
Rustamov R.B. ................................................................................................ 26
EXPLORING THE CROSS SECTIONS OF DIRECT REACTIONS IN THE SU(5)
REPRESENTATION
1*
Abdulvahabova S.G., 2Afandiyeva I.G., 2Ahmedov R.A................................. 27
SEARCH FOR THE EXPERIMENTAL SIGNATURE OF THE STRINGS AT THE LHC
Suleymanov M.K. ........................................................................................... 28
FREQUENCY OF TRANSVERSE AND LONGITUDINAL THERMOMAGNETIC WAVES
IN CERTAIN ANISOTROPIC CONDUCTING MEDIA

7
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

*
Maharramova A.A., Hasanov E.R. ................................................................. 30
SPECTRAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE ALGOL-TYPE BINARY STAR U SAGITTAE
1,2
Rustamov B.N., 1Mikailov Kh.M., 1Alisheva K.I., 2Mammadova S.O., 2*Aliyeva
V.I. .................................................................................................................. 31
AXIAL-VECTOR CHARGE RADIUS OF NUCLEONS IN THE SOFT-WALL MODEL OF
HOLOGRAPHIC QCD AT FINITE TEMPERATURE
1*
Nasibova N., 2Mamedov Sh. ........................................................................ 32
METALLICITY OF THE STAR HR 4294(A5III)
1,2
Samedov Z.A., 1Rajabova S.Sh., 2Rustem U.R., 2*Hajiyeva G.M. .................. 34
INVESTIGATING THE STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF CuxCo3-xO4
NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY SONOCHEMICAL METHOD
*
Mammadyarova S.J., Muradov M.B., Eyvazova G.M., Balayeva O.O. ........... 35
DOUBLE QUADRATIC PHOTODETECTION BASED GAAS/ALGAAS STEPPED
QUANTUM WELL IN A TERAHERTZ AND FAR INFRARED RANGE
1*
Salhi W., 1Rajira A., 1Samyh A., 2Akabli H., 1Abounadi A., 1Almaggoussi A. .. 36
DLTS SPECTROSCOPY OF RADIATION DEFECTS
IN SILICON WITH PLATINUM IMPURITY
Utamuradova Sh., *Rakhmanov D. ................................................................ 37
TWO-DIMENSIONAL ENERGY STRUCTURE OF SCHOTTKY DIODES
*
Mamedov R.K., Aslanova A.R. ....................................................................... 38
SELF-POWERED TRANSMISSION LINE MONITORING SENSORS BASED ON
TRIBOELECTRIC NANOGENERATORS WITH MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES /NYLON
NANOCOMPOSITE FILMS
*
Gulahmadov O.G., Muradov M.B., Mamedov H.M., Qahramanli L.R., Jiseok K.
....................................................................................................................... 40
ACOUSTIC WEYL METAMATERIALS BASED SPACE-TIME CRYSTALS
WITH TOPOLOGICAL STATES
1
Ozer Z., 2,3*Mamedov A.M., 2Ozbay E. ........................................................... 41
CONTROLLING THE UNCONTROLLABLE: QUANTUM CONTROL OF OPEN SYSTEM
DYNAMICS
1,2*
Kallush Sh., 1Dann R., 1Kosloff R................................................................. 43
SYNTHESIS OF AgNWs/PVA NANOCOMPOSITE AND EXAMINATION
OF THE IMPACT OF SULFIDATION ON ITS STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS
*Addayeva Z.R., Muradov M.B., Eyvazova G.M., Mammadyarova S.J.,
Baghirov M.A. ................................................................................................ 43
THE USE OF MULTI-QUANTUM ABSORPTION FOR THE STUDY OF
SEMICONDUCTOR MULTILAYER STRUCTURES

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

*Salmanov V.M., Huseynov A.G., Mamedov R.M., Hasanova L.G.,

Mahammadov A.Z., Ahmadova F.Sh., Mammadova T.A. ............................... 45
ELECTRONIC BAND STRUCTURE OF Cd1-xFexSe
1,2*
Mehrabova M.A., 3,4Allahyarov E.A., 5Hasanov N.H., 6Gasimova N.R. ........ 46
CdS NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY LASER ABLATION
Jafarov M.A., *Salmanov V.M., Huseynov A.G., Mamedov R.M., Abasova A.Z.,
Jahangirova S.A., Ahmadova F.Sh., Mammadova T.A. ................................... 47
STATE OF THE ART IN CANCER THERAPY: COMBINED THERAPY AND THE MAIN
FACTORS LIMITING OR ENHANCING THE EFFICACY OF PROTON THERAPY
1
*Chirakadze A., 1Mitagvaria N., 1Chubinidze G., 1Dvali N., 1Khuskivadze N.,
2
Shanidze R., 2Abuladze M., 3Palavandishvili G. ............................................. 48
ALKALI METAL SALT SOLUTION BASED SYNERGISTIC CANCER THERAPY
COMBINED
WITH ANTICANCER METAL OXIDE NANOPARTICLES: ACUTE TOXICITY STUDY
1*
Chubinidze G., 1Mitagvaria N., 1Chirakadze A., 1Dvali N., 1Khuskivadze N.,
1
Chichua T., 2Chikadze N., 3Khomeriki I., 3Buachidze Z., 4Abuladze M............ 50
BAND STRUCTURE, DIELECTRIC FUNCTION AND REFLECTION COEFFICIENT OF
CHAIN TlGaTe2
1
Abdullayev A.P., 1*Gafarova D.M., 1Musazade I.V., 2Ismayılov T.I. ................ 51
ELECTRONIC AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF AG-DOPED (6,0) SINGLE-WALLED
ZnO NANOTUBES
1*
Jafarova V.N., 2Mamedov N.T. ..................................................................... 52
DEVELOPMENT OF SELECTIVE INHIBITORS FOR THE TUMOR-ASSOCIATED
CARBONIC ANHYDRASES
1*
Akdemir A., 2Demir-Yazıcı K., 2Trawally M., 2Guzel-Akdemir O. ................... 53
ACOUSTIC METAMATERIALS FOR AERONAUTIC APPLICATIONS: A REVIEW
1,2*
Mamedov A.M., 1Ekmel Ozbay .................................................................. 54
JANUS MATERIALS: INDIRECT (Λ-Γ)-TO-INDIRECT (K-Γ) CROSSOVER IN FEW
MONOLAYER MoS2
1,2
Mamedov N.T. ............................................................................................ 56
REPULSION DRIVEN METALLIC PHASE IN THE GROUND STATE OF THE HALF-
FILLED T-T’ IONIC HUBBARD CHAIN
1
Rossini G.L., 2Japaridze G.I. ............................................................................ 56
MONTE CARLO PREDICTIONS FOR AND ࣘ(1020)q and K* (892)q MESONS
PRODUCTION AT LHC ENERGIES IN HADRON-HADRON AND HEAVY ION
COLLISIONS
Yasir A.S. ........................................................................................................ 57

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

IR LASER-INDUCED ABLATIVE DEPOSITION OF POLYMER BASED COMPOSITES

Gilev J.B.......................................................................................................... 58
EARTH-ABUNDANT COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS FOR SOLAR
ENERGY CONVERSION
1,2*
Schorr S. .................................................................................................... 59
KNOCKING OUT OF NEUTRON BY THE PROTON FROM NUCLEUS
*
Abdulvahabova S.G., Bayramova T.O............................................................ 60
SPECTRAL OBSERVATIONS OF THE SYMBIOTIC STAR AG PEGASI
1
Mikailov Kh.M., 2*Rustamova A.B., 1,2Rustamov B.N., 2Alekberov I.A............ 61
STUDY OF THE ASSOCIATIVE PRODUCTION OF THE HIGGS BOSON
WITH THE Z-BOSON USING MVA METHODS
Ahmadov F.N. ................................................................................................ 63
TEMPERATURES OF THE CENTRAL STARS OF PLANETARY NEBULAE
NGC 2392, NGC 1535, NGC 3242, IC 418
*Alili A.H., Alisheva K.I., Mikailov Kh.M. ......................................................... 64
PROMPT PHOTON PRODUCTION IN BREMSSTRAHLUNG AT NICA ENERGIES
1*
Alizada M.R., 1Ahmadov A.I., 2Arbuzov A.B.................................................. 65
f2(1270) TENSOR MESON COUPLING CONSTANT FROM THE HARD-WALL
AdS/QCD
1*
Hashimli Z.I., 1,2,3Mamedov S.A. ................................................................... 66
ON THE DIRECT CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN THE TRIGONOMETRIC PÖSCHL-
TELLER POTENTIAL WALL AND THE QUANTUM SINGULAR OSCILLATOR WITH
THE POSITION-DEPENDENT MASS
Nagiyev Sh.M., *Jafarov E.I. ............................................................................ 67
COULD QUARK STARS BE A SOURCE OF ULTRA-HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS?
Suleymanov M.K. ........................................................................................... 68
࣊ MESON-઱ BARYON COUPLING CONSTANT IN THE HARD-WALL AdS/QCD
MODEL
1,2*
Taghiyeva Sh.I., 1,3Mamedov Sh.A. ............................................................ 69
SINGULARITY ATTENUATION IN GENERAL RELATIVITY
WITH QUANTIZED FUNDAMENTAL METRIC
1*
Tawfik A., 2Dabash T., 3Alshehri A................................................................ 70
APPLICATION OF THE DISTORED-WAVE APPROXIMATION TO THE ELECTRON’S
SCATTERING ON THE ATOMS
Mirabutalibov M.M., *Aliyeva M.B. ................................................................ 71
SYNTHESIS OF NICKEL NANOPARTICLES WITH MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
USING THE CARBOTHERMY METHOD

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

1*
Bohatyrenko V.A., 2Kamenskyh D.S., 2Tkachenko T.V., 2Khimach N.Y.......... 72
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF VSi2-SiC NANOCOMPOSITE POWDERS
Dondash D.O. ................................................................................................. 73
PREPARATION OF GO/AGNWS NANOCOMPOSITE AND INVESTIGATION OF THE
EFFECT OF SULFIDATION AND ITS STRUCTURE AND OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS
*Baghirov M.A., Muradov M.B., Eyvazova G.M., Mammadyarova S.J., Ahmadov
X.I. .................................................................................................................. 74
NANOPARTICLE FABRICATION OF GEBİ2TE4 VAN DER WAALS COMPOUND VIA
THE BALL-MILLING METHOD
1*
Mehtiyeva Kh. Z., 1,2 Amiraslanov I. R., 1,2Aliev Z. S. ..................................... 75
GRAPHENE OXIDE-POLYVINYL ALCOHOL NANOFIBROUS COMPOSITES:
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
1
Khanmamadova E.A., 1Abaszade R.G., 2Jafarov M.A., 3*Safarov R.Y.............. 77
EFFECTS OF Se/(Sn+Zn+Sn) RATIO ON THE PROPERTIES OF SINGLE-STEP
ELECTRODEPOSITED Cu2ZnSnSe4 THIN FILMS
1,2*
El Otmani R., 4El Khouja O., 1El Manouni A., 4Galca A.C., 2,3Almaggoussi A. ..... 77
INTERACTION OF α-In2Se3 CRYSTALS WITH 4-AMINOPYRIDINE
1
Rahimli A.B., 1.2Aliev Z.S., 1.2*Amiraslanov I.R. ............................................... 78
MICRO-PIXEL HIGH Z SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS AS IMAGING DETECTORS
*
Guliyev E., Hamzayeva R. .............................................................................. 80
COMPARATIVE ACOUSTIC ANALYSIS OF FIVE RENOWNED OPERATIC TENORS
Bruseldorff A.S. .............................................................................................. 80
INFLUENCE OF GAMMA RADIATION ON THE CRYSTALLISATION OF PVS/CdS
NANOCOMPOSITES
Gasimova A.I., Nuriyev M.A. .......................................................................... 82
BAND GAP AND WAVE PROPAGATION ON PVDF BASED TOPOLOGICAL
HAUSDORFF AND SERPINSKI DIMENSION OF QUASI-FRACTAL PHONONIC
CRYSTALS: FINITE ELEMENTS ANALYSIS
1
Palaz S., 2Ozer Z., 3,4Mamedov A.M., 3Ozbay E. ............................................. 83
COMPARISON OF THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CDXZN1-XS-BASED
NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS PRODUCED VIA SONOCHEMICAL AND SILAR
APPROACHES
1
*Gahramanli L.R., 1Muradov M.B., 1Eyvazova G.M., 2Ákos Kukovecz ........... 84
PROMISING CARBONS FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC RAW MATERIALS AND THEIR
PROCESSING WASTE
1
Doroshenko S.O., 1*Tkachenko T.V., 2Tamarkina Y.V., 2Kucherenko V.O.,
3
Jafarov M.A., 1,4Kamenskyh D.S., 1Povazhny V.A., 1Yevdokymenko V.O. ....... 85

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

LASER ABLATION ZnCdO THIN FILMS

Jafarov M.A., Mammadov H.M., *Mammadov V.U., Nasirov E.F.................... 86
THE EFFECT OF CHARACTERISTIC LENGTHS ON THE NONSTATIONARY
CONVERSION OF FREQUENCIES OF ULTRA SHORT LIGHT PULSES
Amirov Sh.Sh. ................................................................................................. 87
SOLUTION OF REDUCED EQUATIONS FOR THE PROPAGATION OF AN
ULTRASHORT LASER PULSE IN A METAMATERIAL
*
Ahmadova A.R., Kasumova R.J., Safarova G.A............................................... 88
INFLUENCE OF RARE EARTH METALS ON ELECTROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF GES
LAYERED MONOCRYSTALLINE
Dashdemirov A.O., *Alekperov A.S. ................................................................ 90
MODIFICATION OF SLC-0111 AS NOVEL CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS
*
Guliyeva L., Trawally M., Demir-Yazıcı K., Guzel-Akdemir O. ........................ 90
RADIOBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AT JINR ACCELERATORS
Bugay A.N....................................................................................................... 91
INTERACTION MECHANISM OF GLYCYRRHIZIN FOR THE COVID-19 TREATMENT
*
Galandarli L.E., Akverdieva G.A. .................................................................... 92
DARK-INDUCED CHLOROFILL DEGRADATION IN COTTON PLANTS SEEDLINGS
*Ahmadov I.S., Eyvazova G.M., Hasanova F.V., Babanlı S.T. .......................... 93
STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF LACTOFERROXINE C
*Agayeva L.N., Abdinova A.A., Akhmedova S.R., Akhmedov N.F. .................. 94
ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ACCUMULATION OF IRON
NANOPARTICLES IN INTESTINE AND LIVER OF COMMON CARP (CYPRINUS
CARPIO LINNAEUS, 1758)
*
Mammadov Ch.A., Hajiyeva A.D., Khalilov R.I. .............................................. 95
TEMPERATURE-INDUCED PHASE TRANSITIONS OF LIPIDS EXTRACTED FROM
HUMAN LUNG CARCINOMA AND NORMAL CELLS
1*
Aydemirova A.H., 1Bakhishova M.J., 1Aslanov R.B., 1,2Melikova L.A., 1Gasymov
O.K.................................................................................................................. 96
MOLECULAR MODELING APPLIED TO THE NEW CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
*
Akverdieva G.A, Demukhamedova S.D. ........................................................ 97
REFRACTOMETRIC INVESTIGATION OF THE HYDRATION PROCESS IN
ELECTROLYTES
Masimov E.A., Pashayev B.G., Shahbazova G.M., *Teymurova J.Z. ................ 99
NON-LETHAL TESTING OF THE ACUTE TOXICITY OF NEWLY DEVELOPED
COMBINED CANCER TREATMENT MODALITIES AGAINST CHICK EMBRYOS AND
WARM BLOODED MAMMALS

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

1
*Mitagvaria N., 1Chirakadze A., 1Chubinidze G., 1Dvali N., 1Khuskivadze N.,
2
Shanidze R., 2Abuladze M., 3Khomeriki I., 3Tserodze K. .............................. 100
ALKALI METAL SALT SOLUTION BASED COMBINED CANCER THERAPY AND THE
“HIGH PH THERAPY” CONCEPT
1*
Khuskivadze N., 1Chubinidze G., 1Mitagvaria N., 1Chirakadze A., 1Dvali N.,
1
Chichua T., 2Abuladze M., 3Khomeriki I., 3Buachidze Z. .............................. 102
ISOTOPIC ENRICHED BORON AND BORON NITRIDE NANOMATERIALS FOR
PROTON-BORON CAPTURE AND BORON NEUTRON CAPTURE THERAPY OF
CANCER
1*
Dvali N., 1Khuskivadze N., 1Chubinidze G., 1Mitagvaria N., 1Chirakadze A.,
1
Chichua T., 2Chikadze N., 3Khomeriki I., 3Buachidze Z................................. 103
VISIBLE LIGHT AND INFRARED OVOSCOPIC STUDY, PLETHYSMOGRAPHY AND
SONOGRAPHY OF BIRD EMBRYOS AND LONG TERM MONITORING OF
BEHAVIORAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETER OF WHITE RATS IN TESTING OF
ACUTE TOXICITY OF DRUGS
1*
Chichua,T., 1Dvali N., 1Khuskivadze N., 1Chubinidze G., 1Mitagvaria N.,
1
Chirakadze A., 2Chikadze N., 3Khomeriki I., 3Buachidze Z............................ 104
THE PRODUCTION OF ࡭࡭࡭-BOSONS IN ࢋ െ ࢋ ൅-ANNIHILATION
Abdullayev S.K., *Gojayev M.Sh. .................................................................. 105
CURRENT OSCILLATIONS IN SEMICONDUCTORS
*Rzayeva U., Hasanov E. .............................................................................. 107
ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF THE DIRAC EQUATION FOR THE LINEAR
COMBINATION OF THE MANNING-ROSEN AND YUKAWA POTENTIAL IN THE
CASE OF EXACT SPIN SYMMETRY
*Ahmadov A.I., Aslanova S.M. ..................................................................... 108
PAIRED SPIN CORRELATIONS OF ELECTRONS, POSITRONS AND γ - QUANTA IN
THE PROCESS OF PHOTOLOGY OF ࢋ ൅ ࢋ െ-PAIRS ON NUCLEI WITH ACCOUNT
OF RECOIL EFFECTS AND NUCLEI STRUCTURE
Rajabov M.R. ................................................................................................ 110
OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF PBMOO4 CRYSTALS DETERMINED BY SPECTROSCOPIC
ELLIPSOMETRY
1*
Darvishov N.H., 1Rustamov F.A., 1Mamedov M.Z., 1,2Gasanly N.M. ........... 110
THE TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT DIELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF PtSi/nSi
SCHOTTKY DIODES
1*
Afandiyeva I.M., 1Lebedeva N.N., 1Akhundov Ch.G., 1Bagirova S.E., 2Babayeva
R.F. ............................................................................................................... 111
ACTIVATION ENERGY OF GAMMA-IRRADIATED HDPE+ %Α-AL2O3
NANOCOMPOSITES

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Nabieva A.N. ................................................................................................ 112

DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF POLYPROPYLENE/ZnO BASED NANOCOMPOSITES
*
Nuriyeva S.G., Gasimova J.N., Shirinova H.A., Karimova A.H., Gahramanli L.R.
..................................................................................................................... 114
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF FEGA0.4IN1.6SE4 CRYSTAL
IN ALTERNATING ELECTRIC FIELD
1*
Niftiyev N.N., 1,2Mammadov F.M., 1Аghаyevа R.М., 3Muradov M.B.......... 114
NICKEL-CONTAINING THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMER NANOCOMPOSITES BASED
ON POLYPROPYLENE
*Guliyeva T.M., Kurbanova N.I..................................................................... 116
OBTAINING AND STUDYING THE PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON
A MIXTURE OF POLYETHYLENES OF HIGH AND LOW PRESSURE WITH METAL-
CONTAINING NANO FILLERS
1*
Mamedova G.H., 2Kurbanova N.I............................................................... 117
PHOTOLUMINESCENCE SPECTRA OF POLYCRYSTALLINE CVD ZnSe WHEN
CHANGING THE WAVELENGTH OF EXCITATION LIGHT
1*
Musayev M.A., 2Huseynov J.I., 1Askerov D.J., 1Abbasov I.I., 1Hadiyeva A.A.,
3
Mammadova A.J., 1Hasimova N.N. ............................................................. 118
ELECTRONIC RAMAN SCATTERING IN Hg₁₋ₓCdₓTe
1*
Ismayilov T., 1,2Zeynalova S. ....................................................................... 119
THERMOELECTRIC EFFECTS IN SUPERLATTICES DUE TO ELECTRON SCATTERING
BY SHORT-RANGE POTENTIAL
1*
Figarova S.R., 2Huseynov H.I. ..................................................................... 120
TO THE TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY IN GeS
LAYERED MONOCRYSTALLINE OF ER ADDITIVE ATOMS EFFECT
1*
Alekperov A.S., 2Ilyasova T.I., 3Ismailov M.I. .............................................. 121
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE of the KINETIC COEFFICIENTS of Bi0.97 Sb0.03 ALLOY
1*
Musayev A.A., 2Yuzbashov E.R................................................................... 122
COMPARATIVE ADSORPTION STUDY OF Fe(III) IONS ONTO ODIFIED
ADSORBENTS
*
Eyyubova E.E.., Nagiyev Kh.J., Chyragov F.M. ............................................. 123
SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF THE HUMEN β-CASOMORPHIN-7 MOLECULE
*Akhmedov N.A., Agayeva L.N., Ismailova L.I. ............................................. 124
STRUCTURE OF THE IRON OXIDE FexOy COMPLEXES WITH GLUCOSE
AND DI-GLUCOSE
Abbasova G.C., *Hajiyeva L.S. ....................................................................... 125
EPR AND TEM STUDIES OF BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS

14
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

*
Nasibova A.N., Khalilov R.I. ......................................................................... 126
UREA-ETHANOL-WATER SYSTEMS RESEARCH BY VISCOSIMETRY METHOD
1*
Hajiyeva Sh.N., 1*Ahmedova A.B., 2Orucova N.F., 1Babayeva F.Kh. ............ 127
STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF Kl IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Pashayev B.G................................................................................................ 128
STRUCTURE AND CONFORMATION OF MACROMOLECULAR CHAIN IN WATER-
PEG-KI SYSTEMS
Masimov E.A., Pashayev B.G., *Hajiyeva Sh.N. ............................................. 130
SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF CHITOSAN AND CROSS-LINKED
CHITOSAN COATED MAGNETITE NANOPARTICLES FOR ANTICANCER
APPLICATIONS
1*
Karimova A.H., 1Mehdiyeva A.R., 2Yagublu V., 1Nuriyeva S.G., 2Shirinova
H.A., 1Gahramanli L.R. .................................................................................. 132
THE ROLE OF SPECTRAL TRAJECTORY CORRESPONDING TO VOICE ENERGY
MAXIMA IN PERSON IDENTIFICATION
1
Aliyev L.P., 2Gaziyeva N.G., 1*Guliyeva S.K................................................... 133
LASER ABLATION Si THIN FILMS
Mammadov V.U. .......................................................................................... 134
SYNTHESIS OF NEW COMPLEXES OF 1 PHENYL-2,3-DIMETHYLPYROZALON-5-
AZO-4 PYROGALLOL REAGENT AND CETYLTRIMETHYLAMMONIUM BROMIDE
WITH SILVER NANOPARTICLES
¹*Imamaliyeva A., ²Hajiyeva F., ³Ciraqov F. .................................................. 135
SPECTRAL TRAJECTORY REFLECTION OF THE INFLUENCE OF NEIGHBORING
SOUNDS ON THE ENERGY MAXIMUM F2 OF A VOWEL SOUND
1
Aliyev L.P., 2*Gaziyeva N.G., 1Guliyeva I. I., 1Aghamaliyeva A.V. .................. 137
MoS2 THIN FILM: PREPARATION TECHNOLOGY AND CHARACTERIZATION
Bagiyev E.A................................................................................................... 138
THE EFFECT OF NICKEL OXIDE NANOPARTICLES ON THE STRUCTURE AND
PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON HIGH-PRESSURE POLYETHYLENE
CONTAINING MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES
1
*Kurbanova N.I., 1Mirzoev N.A., 2Zeynalov E.B., 3Gadzhieva F.V., 3Gahramanli
L.R. ............................................................................................................... 139
p-n JUNCTIONS BASED ON PbTe FILMS DOPED WITH OXYGEN
*
Sarmasov S.N., Rahimov R.Sh. .................................................................... 140
COSMOLOGICAL MODELS
1
*Jafarzade A.F., 2Rajabov B.A...................................................................... 141
THE PRODUCTION OF ࢆ࡭࡭-BOSONS IN ࢋ െ ࢋ ൅-COLLISIONS

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Abdullayev S.K., *Gojayev M.Sh. .................................................................. 142

BOUND STATE SOLUTIONS OF THE KLEIN-FOCK-GORDON EQUATION FOR THE
DENQ-FAN POTENTIAL
1
Aliyeva T.H., 2*Dadashov E.A. ...................................................................... 144
CURRENT FLUCTUATIONS IN IMPURITY SEMICONDUCTORS
*
Aliyev S.R., Hasanov E.R. ............................................................................. 145
IKEDA WITH LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR RELATIONSHIP COMBINED
SYNCHRONIZATION BETWEEN SYSTEMS
1*
Nuriyev R.A., 2Pashayev B.G. ..................................................................... 147
ELECTROMAGNETIC SHOWER IN CRYSTALS
Rajabov M.R. ................................................................................................ 148
LITERATURE REVIEW ON INCLUSION OF SOLAR PANEL SYSTEMS, BENEFITS AND
CHALLENGES IN ALBANIA
Zeneli M. ...................................................................................................... 149
DEFINITION OF ELECTRIC PARAMETERS OF Re/n-GaAs SCHOTTKY DIODE USING
I–V MEASUREMENTS
1*
Afandiyeva I.M., 1Godjayev N.N., 3Babayeva R.F. ...................................... 150
EFFECT OF THERMAL TREATMENT METHODS ON MAGNETIC HYSTERESIS
PROPERTIES OF Fe-Ni-Si-B BASED AMORPHOUS MAGNETS
Abdullayev A.P., *Rafiyev N.M., Isayeva A.A., Asgarova G.Z. ........................ 151
DIELECTRIC FUNCTION OF MoS2 THIN FILMS
*
Jalilli J.N., Alizade E.H., Hidiyev K.H., Mammadov D.A. ............................... 152
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS FOR CONCENTRATING PALLADIUM WITH
SYNTHETIC SORBENTS BASED ON A COPOLYMER OF MALEIC ANHYDRIDE WITH
STYRENE
*
Abilova U.M., Hajiyeva S.R., Chiraqov F.M. ................................................. 154
THERMOELECTRIC CONVERTERS OF IR RADIATION BASED ON Ag3In5Te9
*
Rahimov R.Sh., Sarmasov S.N. .................................................................... 155
INFLUENCE OF ZINC-CONTAINING NANOPARTICLES ON THE PROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONS BASED ON ISOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE
CONTAINING A MIXTURE OF C60/70 FULLERENES
1*
Dunyamalieva A.I., 1Kurbanova N.I., 2Zeynalov E.B.................................... 156
INFLUENCE OF EXCHANGE INTERACTION AND BAND GAP ON THE
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTOR
FILMS
Figarova S.R., *Mahmudov M.M., Damirov R.Y. ........................................... 157

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

THERMOPOWER IN A SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM WELL WITH MODIFIED

PÖSCHL-TELLER CONFINING POTENTIAL
*
Babayev M.M., Sultanova Kh.B. .................................................................. 158
INTERBAND LIGHT ABSORPTION IN QUANTUM FILM OF Hg1-x Cdx Te
*
Ismayilov T.H., Aslanli A.F. .......................................................................... 159
DETERMINATION OF BAND GAP OF (AgSbTe2)0.8(PbTe)0.2
FROM ELECTROPHYSICAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES
1,2*
Ragımov S.S., 3Hashımova N.N. ............................................................... 160
STUDY OF PARTICLE ACCELERATION MECHANISMS
IN THE ANISOTROPIC SOLAR WIND
Bashirov M.M............................................................................................... 161
SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF HEPTAPEPTIDE MOLECULE
*
Ismailova L., Akhmedov N.A. ...................................................................... 162
CONFORMATIONAL PARTICULARITIES OF ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTICANCER AND
ANTIOXIDANT CYCLIC DIPEPTIDE CYCLO(D-TYR-D-PHE)
*Agaeva G.A., Agaeva U.T., Godjaev N.M. ................................................... 163
KINETIC AND THERMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS OF Cl‾ TRANSPORT IN PLANT
ROOTS DUE TO CHANGES IN TEMPERATURES
*Abdiyev V., Aliyeva N. ................................................................................ 165
MOLECULAR MODELING OF ILE-TRP DIPEPTIDE
*
Rahimzade S.G., Akverdieva G.A. ................................................................ 166
THE BINDING OF IRON IONS WITH MELANINS OF PLANT ORIGIN
Bagirov R.M.................................................................................................. 167
MODIFICATION OF ZINC-ALUMINIUM LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES
WITH FULLERENE AND INVESTIGATION OF PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY
OF OBTAINED NANOCOMPOSITES
*Israfilli T., Balayeva O. ................................................................................ 168
INCORPORATED TiO2 NANOPARTICLES INTO PVC POLYMER FOR ENHANCING
THE DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
Rahimli A.M.................................................................................................. 170
MWCNT/CuS NWS BASED MATERIALS FOR PHOTOVOLTAICS
1
Nuriyeva S.G., 1*Jafarova S.R., 2Aguas H...................................................... 171
SCHOTTKY DIODES BASED ON CdS SINGLE NANOBELTS
*
Mamedov R.K., Aslanova A.R. ..................................................................... 172
OPTICAL ABSORPTION AND PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY IN ࡯࢛૜ࡵ࢔૞ࡿૢ SINGLE
CRYSTAL
*Jahangirova S. A., Hasanova L.H., Mahammadov A.Z................................. 173

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

ACOUSTIC CHARACTERIZATION OF PHONEMES WITH COMPACT/ DIFFUSE

FORMANT STRUCTURE AS A MEANS OF IDENTIFICATION IN PHONOSCOPIC
RESEARCH
1*
Aliyev L.P., 2Gaziyeva N.G. ......................................................................... 174
STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF PVDF/ZnO-BASED NANOCOMPOSITES
Hacıyeva F.V., *Mehdiyeva S.Z., Eyvazova G.M. .......................................... 175
STABILIZATION OF ZnS NANOPARTICLES BASED ON MODIFIED BUTADIENE
RUBBER/EXPANDED PERLITE AND CARBON BLACK COMPOSITES: STRUCTURE,
OPTICAL AND CONDUCTIVITY PROPERTIES
1,2*
Edres N., 2Buniyatzadeh I., 2Alosmanov R., 2Eyvazova G., 2Mammadayarova
S. .................................................................................................................. 176
InN NANORIBBON MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
*
Ismayilova N.A., Jahangirli Z.A. ................................................................... 177
STUDY OF THE SPECTRUM OF NOVA SCO 2023 DURING THE OUTBURST PERIOD
1
Alisheva K.I., 1Mikailov Kh. M., 1,2Rustamov B.N., 1*Alili A.H. ...................... 178
JOINT SURFACE IONIZATION OF CsCl MOLECULES AND Ba ATOMS ON THE
SURFACE OF RHENEIUM COVERED WITH A GRAPHITE MONOLAYER
Orujov A.K. ................................................................................................... 179
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF POROUS-Si/NANO-Cd0.4Zn0.6S
HETEROJUNCTIONS
1*Mamedov H.M., 2Shah S.I., 1Mansimova F.B. ........................................ 180
RAMAN STUDIES ON SI/PS NANOCOMPOSITE
Pashayev B.G., *Surxayli.A.E., Shirinova.H.A ............................................... 181
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF ADVANCED MULTICOMPONENT BULK
METALLIC GLASSY ALLOYS FOR TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
1
* Mekhrabov A.O., 2Akdeniz M.V. .............................................................. 181

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

INNOVATIVE APPLICATIONS OF ADVANCED 2D MATERIALS

Bellucci S.
Enrico Fermi Institute of Nuclear Physics, Italy
bellucci@lnf.infn.it

We investigate electronic and plasmonic properties of Silicene

nanostrips (SiNSs) with a minimum width of 100 nm using a semi-analytical
model using the carrier velocity of silicene. Our results reveal that SiNSs
with widths ranging from 100 to 500 nm exhibit small bandgaps, ranging
from 30 to 6 meV, respectively. Furthermore, all the nanostrips analyzed
in this study exhibit a √q-like plasmon dispersion within the THz regime (≤
35 THz). By varying the experimental setup or the geometric factors of the
nanostrips, the associated plasmon THz frequency can be manipulated, re-
sulting in an increase or decrease in frequency or a shift to larger momen-
tum values. Our study serves as a fundamental starting point and a source
of inspiration for future experiments, providing a foundation for confirm-
ing the results presented here.
We then present an analysis of the electronic and plasmonic behavior
of periodic planar distributions of sufficiently wide graphene nanoribbons,
for which a thorough ab initio investigation is practically unfeasible. Our
approach is based on a semi-analytical model whose only free parameter
is the charge carrier velocity, which we estimate by density-functional the-
ory calculations on graphene. By this approach, we show that the plasmon
resonance energies of the scrutinized systems fall in the lower THz band,
relevant for optoelectronic and photonic applications. We observe that
the energies critically depend on the charge carrier concentration, ribbon
width, electron relaxation rate, and in-plane transferred momentum an-
gle, thus suggesting a tunability of the associated light-matter modes.
Several extrinsic conditions (for doped or gated nanoribbon arrays)
are simulated to characterize the propagation and interplay of the bulk
and edge plasmons, at far infrared to visible energies, and over a broad
range of momentum transfers. Particular attention is paid to the interac-
tion or overlap region of the two plasmons, explaining its sensitivity to in-
duced Fermi level shifting, transferred momentum, ribbon type, and ge-
ometry, with the inclusion of many-body, GW-like effects. The lower-THz
behavior of the bulk plasmon is explored, highlighting the limits of availa-
ble non–ab initio approaches, suitable for stripes of graphene being tens
of nanometers wide. Then, an effective model is derived from the ab initio
framework, which reasonably accounts for the two-plasmon response of
19
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

the studied, ultranarrow nanoribbon systems, at small momentum trans-

fers.
Lastly, we review the recent result of our group on the effective and
efficient removal of cationic pollutants from aqueous solutions using eco-
friendly prepared oxidized graphene. This adsorbent material has the ad-
vantage of a fast adsorption and keeps a good efficiency over a wide range
of initial cationic pollutant concentrations and a broad range of pH values.
Thus, we can propose the use of this adsorbent material, as a green adsor-
bent for wastewater decontamination.

PHYSICS OF DOUBLY HEAVY BARYONS

Aliyev T.
Middle East Technical University, Türkiye
taliev@metu.edu.tr

The study of the properties of doubly heavy baryons represents a

promising area in particle physics. It can provide us with information about
Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix elements and the low energy
dynamics of QCD. They have a very rich phenomenology. The investigation
of weak, electromagnetic, and strong decays has a vital importance for un-
derstanding the dynamics of doubly heavy baryons. The main ingredients
of such studies are the spectroscopic parameters, the strong coupling con-
stants, and the transition form factors. For calculations of these quantities,
non-perturbative methods are needed. One of these methods is the QCD
sum rules. In the present work, we review our studies on the properties of
the doubly heavy baryons within the sum rules method, focusing mainly
on the mass and strong coupling constants of the doubly heavy baryons.
In addition, the radiative decays of doubly heavy baryons are estimated
using the vector dominance model as well as weak radiative decays with
FCNC. We also make few remarks on the semileptonic decays of the dou-
bly heavy.

20
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED PHYSICS WITH REACTOR NEUTRINOS

Yakushev E.
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia
yakushev@jinr.ru

Neutrinos continue to be a source of scientific discovery in nuclear,

particle physics and cosmology. Over the last decades, various experi-
ments based on different approaches and with different neutrino sources
have led to two main conclusions: neutrinos have a non-zero mass and
there is a significant mixing between individual neutrino mass states. De-
spite these major breakthroughs, further experimental studies based on
new experimental techniques and using unexplored processes are ur-
gently needed to go beyond the Standard Model, which, as we know from
cosmology and particle physics, needs to be extended.
The neutrino physics is historically linked with nuclear reactors. It
started with confirmation the existence of neutrinos in the reactor based
experiment. Nuclear reactors are continued to be most powerful available
artificial sources of antineutrinos. Given that neutrinos are only weakly
coupled with other particles, a huge reactor antineutrino flux is often the
only way to study the properties of neutrinos.
The talk will provide a general overview of some major neutrino ex-
periments at reactors. The focus will be on experiments with the latest
types of semiconductor, cryogenic and scintillation detectors. Some re-
cent results obtained at experiments conducted with JINR (Dubna) partic-
ipation will be discussed. The unprecedented percent level precision of re-
actor monitoring was achieved with using inverse beta processes induced
by reactor antineutrinos. The fundamental task of neutrino detection at
reactors is now has the new aim: detection and study of nuclear recoils at
the almost zero energy range produced by coherent elastic neutrino nu-
cleus scattering. The aim is in search for New physics at the highest preci-
sion.

21
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MEMBRANE PROPERTIES OF HUMAN LUNG

CARCINOMA AND NORMAL CELLS: RELEVANCE FOR DRUG DELIVERY
1*
Gasymov O.K., 2Aliyev J.A.
1
Institute of Biophysics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
2
National Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health, Azerbaijan,
oktaygasimov@gmail.com

Cancer is the most challenging health problem, accounting for approxi-

mately 17% of deaths worldwide. The cancer cells in the disease progression
develop new properties, like escaping apoptosis, continuous growth signals,
tissue invasion, uncontrolled proliferation. Highly efficient methods, such as
targeted drug therapy, still are not an option for widespread applications.
Therefore, there is a need to improve the effectiveness of commonly used
treatment options (radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and their combination).
Lung cancer, particularly adenocarcinoma, is the most common type of can-
cer. The goal of the study is to reveal possible methodologies for more effi-
cient conditions for chemotherapy attributable to the membrane properties.
To resolve this aim, we studied and compared some membrane properties of
human lung carcinoma and normal cells, such as membrane partitioning for
relevant small molecules, membrane dynamics (fluidity), and interaction of
the anti-cancer peptide and its lipopeptide analog (EQRPR and C16-EQRPR).
Changes in lipid composition observed in cancer cells may influence its prop-
erties, like partitioning for small molecules and membrane dynamics. Parti-
tioning of the spin probe 2,2,6,6 tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) into
the membranes of human lung normal and carcinoma cells was assessed by
EPR spectroscopy to estimate the impact of the lipid compositions. Results
indicate that compared to the healthy cells TEMPO incorporates into mem-
branes of cancer cell more readily. Free energy changes for the transfer of
TEMPO from the aqueous phase to the membranes in healthy and cancer
cells are 3.1 ± 0.1 kcal/mol and 1.2 ± 0.1 kcal/mol, respectively.
The membrane surface probe C12SL (spin-labeled analog of lauric acid)
indicates that the increased membrane dynamics in cancer cells could be a
possible mechanism of enhanced partitioning of TEMPO. 5-doxyl stearic
acid incorporated into the membrane of the human lung carcinoma and
healthy cells reveals the existence of two lipid domains with distinct dynam-
ics. The healthy cell membranes are characterized by rotational correlation
times of 16.8 ns and 3.7 ns. In contrast, carcinoma cells show correlation
times of 8.0 ns and 2.4 ns. Temperature and pH dependence of the dynamic
parameters of the membranes of healthy and carcinoma cells can be used
to identify the most efficient condition for drug delivery.

22
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITIES OF

SUPERSONIC SHEAR LAYERS WITH FINITE INTERFACE THICKNESS
AND HEAT FLUX IN ANISOTROPIC SPACE PLASMAS
1*
Dzhalilov N.S., 2Ismayilli R.
1
Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory named after N. Tusi, Azerbaijan
2
Center for Mathematical Plasma-Astrophysics, Belgium
dnamig@gmail.com

The linear magnetohydrodynamic Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) in

an anisotropic plasma is studied. The governing equations obtained as the
16 moments of Boltzmann-Vlasov kinetic equations, including the heat
flow, are applied. In the case of tangential discontinuity between the su-
personic flows along the magnetic field, the calculated growth rates as
functions of the anisotropic plasma properties allow us to conclude that
quasi-transverse modes grow faster. Then, dispersion equations for the
KHI of quasi-transverse modes are derived, considering the finite width of
the transition zone with different velocity profiles. For these modes, when
the role of heat flow is not important, the plasma parameters are con-
trolled so that the fundamental plasma instabilities (firehose and mirror)
do not affect the KHI. The problem is solved analytically, which will be help-
ful in verifying numerical simulations. In contrast to the tangential discon-
tinuity, the finite width of the transition layer confines KHI excitation as
the wavenumber increases. In the general case of oblique propagation
(when heat flux complicates the problem), the boundary value problem is
solved to determine the spectral eigenvalues. In particular, it is observed
that the fundamental plasma instabilities that arise in the transition zone
between flows with a finite width can modify and considerably enhance
the KHI.

23
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

THERMODYNAMIC SIGNATURES AND PHASE TRANSITIONS

IN HIGH-ENERGY HADRONIC AND NUCLEAR COLLISIONS
1*
Ajaz M., 2Waqas M., 3Alrebdi H.I., 1Badshah M.
1
Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
2
Hubei University of Automotive Technology, People’s Republic of China
3
Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Saudi Arabia
ajaz@awkum.edu.pk

Facilities like the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large
Hadron Collider (LHC) have multiple scientific objectives. One of these
aims is to generate Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), a state of matter thought
to mimic conditions just after the Big Bang. While high-energy heavy-ion
collisions are a primary method for creating QGP, proton-proton collisions
also offer valuable insights. These collisions serve as a reference point for
heavy-ion studies and also help explore systems at the highest energy lev-
els we can currently achieve.
In our research, we aim to understand specific changes in the momen-
tum distributions of charged hadrons. We focus on variables such as the
multiplicity and centrality of charged particles, and the energy involved in
different types of collisions: proton-proton, proton-nucleus, and nucleus-
nucleus.
To achieve this, we employ various statistical distribution functions.
These functions effectively parameterize the pT spectra of hadrons, which
are crucial for understanding the bulk properties of nuclear matter. The
parameters we examine include temperature (T), a non-extensivity factor
(q), thermal flow velocity (β), and a fitting constant related to the system
volume.
Our data analysis strategy involves using simultaneous minimum chi-
square fits. This method will help us extract essential parameters for un-
derstanding the different phases of nuclear matter, and it allows us to ac-
count for deviations from the traditional Boltzmann–Gibbs exponential
distribution.

24
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

TRAVELLING OF SINE-GORDON SOLITONS IN NETWORK OF JOSEPHSON

JUNCTION ARRAYS
1,3*
Askerzade I.N., 2Matrasulov D., 1Salati M.
1
Ankara University, Türkiye
2
Turin Polytechnic University in Tashkent, Uzbekistan
3
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
imasker@eng.ankara.edu.tr

In this study we present soliton dynamics in Josephson junction array

networks driven by external time-periodic field. The whole is modelled in
terms of modified sine-Gordon equation containing time-periodic poten-
tial. By solving sine-Gordon equation numerically we explored soliton dy-
namics on each branch and transmission of sine-Gordon solitons through
the junction's branching point. Driven, or modified sine-Gordon equation
on a real line can be written as
߲௧ଶ ߰ሺ‫ݔ‬ǡ ‫ݐ‬ሻ െ ߲௫ଶ ߰ሺ‫ݔ‬ǡ ‫ݐ‬ሻ ൅ •‹ሾ߰ሺ‫ݔ‬ǡ ‫ݐ‬ሻሿ ൌ ߛ ൅ ߣ߲௧ ߰ሺ‫ݔ‬ǡ ‫ݐ‬ሻ ൅ ݂ ‘•ሺ߱‫ݐ‬ሻǡ
where ߛǡ ݂ǡ ߱ are constants. Eq. described phase difference in a Josephson
junction driven by external time-periodic (e.g., AC) field. Unlike to standard
(integrable) sine-Gordon equation, it does not approve analytical soliton
solutions. Therefore, one needs to solve it numerically. Current-voltage
characteristics of the device is plotted using the obtained solution of the
sine-Gordon equation.

EXTENDED LINEAR-SIGMA MODEL: MASS SPECTRUM OF CHARMED MESONS

1*
Tawfik A., 2Ahmadov A.
1
Future University in Egypt
2
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
ahmadovazar@yahoo.com

We derive analytical expressions for the masses of scalar, pseudoscalar,

vector and axial-vector meson states. The effective Lagrangian in which four
quark flavors (up, down, strange and charm) and scalar and pseudoscalar me-
son fields are integrated is constructed in the extended linear-sigma model
(eLSM). The various eLSM parameters are determined, analytically and esti-
mated, numerically. This allows for a precise calculation of the masses of
twenty-nine meson state (sixteen non-charmed and thirteen charmed). Out
calculations are compared the recent compilation of the particle data group

25
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

(PDG). We conclude that the eLSM calculations are in excellent agreement

with the PDG. This suggests that the eLSM with its parameters is a suitable
theoretical approach to determine the mass spectra of the various non-
charmed and charmed meson states, especially at vanishing temperature.

THE SEARCH FOR A RARE PROCESS FOR HIGGS BOSON PRODUCTION

BY APPLYING A NEW EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHM WHICH CONSTRUCT
A OPTIMIZED NEURAL NETWORK IN AN IRREGULAR HYPERPARAMETER
SPACE
1,2*Huseynov N.A., 2Boyko I.R., 2Yeletskikh I.V., 2Didenko A.R., 2Koval O.A.
1
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
2
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna), Russia
nguseynov@jinr.ru

The Yukawa coupling of the Higgs boson to the top quark is a key pa-
rameter of the Standard Model (SM). It can be determined from the ratio
of the top quark mass and Higgs field vacuumexpectation value, from the
cross section of ݃݃ ՜ ‫ ܪ‬production through a top quark loop, from the
cross sections of the processes ݃݃Ȁ‫ ݍݍ‬՜ ‫ܪݐݐ‬, or from the cross sections
of the processes ݃‫ ݍ‬՜ ‫ݐ‬ሺ‫ݐ‬ሻ‫ݍܪ‬, which is a tree-level process at lowest or-
der in perturbation theory. Comparison of these measurements has the
potential to identify and disambiguate new physics effects that can modify
the ‫ ݍܪݐ‬production cross section relative to the SM expectation.

GEOGRAPHY OF OBSERVATION OF THE OWN REFLECTED RADIATION

Rustamov R.B.
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
r_rustamov@hotmail.com

This is important to point out challenges of space science and tech-

nology developments in a former Soviet Union period. The number of so-
phisticated circumstances were the reason of complications of engage-
ment of Republics into space technology applications.
It has been held the 24th IAC in 1973 in Baku capital of Azerbaijan. The
Congress 1973 has created an excellent environment on establishment of
entity related to the space science and technology activities.

26
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

There is no doubt that thanks to great efforts of the National Leader

H. Aliyev Azerbaijan has become the World space science and technology
family member.
Taking into account of the capacity of country it has been decided en-
gagement of Azerbaijan for Earth study by use of advances of space tech-
nology.
This paper describes history of development of space technology in
Azerbaijan as the country involved space technology as the pioneer in the
region. It is considered obstacles and complications of space technology in
the country when Azerbaijan was one of the parts of the former Soviet
Union. There is no doubt that it was not easy to be engage into high tech-
nology application for countries of soviet empire where all significant is-
sues were strongly under control of the soviet authority.
Today is important to point out how Azerbaijan could come to be
member of space technology being part of the former Soviet Union. It is
important what required circumstances have been impacted for space
technology application in Azerbaijan.
This paper considers steps of achievements of space technology organ-
ization of Azerbaijan and development of the main space Agency of Azer-
cosmos. For the time being activities of Azercosmos are carried out in five
main directions supporting the socio-economic development of Azerbaijan;
x supporting national security;
x expanding commercial activities;
x supporting space R&D activities.
and representing the country in the international space arena.

EXPLORING THE CROSS SECTIONS OF DIRECT REACTIONS IN THE SU(5)

REPRESENTATION
1*
Abdulvahabova S.G., 2Afandiyeva I.G., 2Ahmedov R.A.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, Azerbaijan
sajida.gafar@gmail.com

On the based SU(5) subgroup cross sections of direct reactions and

characteristics 0+ excited levels: probabilities multipole transitions were
studied. This study demonstrated the sensitivity of transition probabilities
to nuclear structure. The nature of 0+ excited states is very complex; on

27
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

the one hand, they can be multiphonon, quasiparticle-phonon, and mixed

residual states. It has been shown that in direct reactions 0+ levels will be
more strongly excited in deformed nuclei. This leads to the conclusion
about the important role of the quadrupole-quadrupole interaction - this
is the part of the interaction that is not reduced to the mean field. It is
proposed to describe the collective vibrational degree of freedom by an
algebra SU(5), which is formed by five components.
For a multipole transition, an expression is obtained for the cross sec-
tion (p,t) of the direct reaction and the matrix element. The energy region
under consideration lies below the meson production threshold and the
momentum approximation is used. It is assumed that the amplitude of the
interaction of nucleons of the incident nucleus with nucleons of the target
nucleus is the same as in the case of collisionless nucleons.
The algebraic properties of collective variable lead to a quantum
member, which implies in the boson representation the maximum number
of phonons contained in the collective states. The proposed approach is
applied to the transitional nuclei where the constants are determined by
fitting the experimental spectra, the relative E2 transition probabilities and
the cross section for the (p,t) transitions to the ground and excited 0+
states. The proposed approach is applied to the 154Sm, 156Sm and 154Gd
transition nuclei, where the constants are determined by fitting the exper-
imental spectra. Analise shows the relative transition probabilities E2 and
cross sections for (p,t) transitions to the 0+ ground state. The agreement
between the experimental data and the theoretical description is good.
We expect on a qualitative basis that the application of subgroup
SU(5) will open up new physical possibilities for the study of collective
movements of the nucleus.

SEARCH FOR THE EXPERIMENTAL SIGNATURE OF THE STRINGS AT THE LHC

Suleymanov M.K.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
mais.suleymanov@bsu.edu.az

This report reviews the results published by the author. It addresses

experimental data from LHC experiments concerning the pT distributions of parti-
cles in pp and Pb-Pb collisions, highlighting several pT regions with distinct proper-
ties. These regions are characterized by the correlation length ‫ܮ‬௖௄ and two fitting
௖
parameters, ܽ௄ and ܾ௄௖ , derived from exponential fitting. Notably, the upper

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

indices c indicates the event type, while the lower indices K denote the region num-
ber.
௖
For nucleus-nucleus collisions, it was observed that the values of ܽ௄ and ܾ௄௖ Ǥ
are highly dependent on the collision characteristics (medium effect) in the re-
gion of ‫ ்݌‬൏ Ͷ െ ͸‫ܸ݁ܩ‬Ȁܿ (Region I). These dependencies diminish in the second
region, whereͶ െ ͸‫ܸ݁ܩ‬Ȁܿ ൏ ‫ ்݌‬൏ ͳ͹ െ ʹͲ‫ܸ݁ܩ‬Ȁܿ, and nearly disappear in
Region III, where ‫ ்݌‬൐ ͳ͹ െ ʹͲ‫ܸ݁ܩ‬Ȁܿ, except for centrality dependencies for
௖
the parameter ܽ௄ Ǥ
௖
In central collisions, the ratio of ܽ௄ values for Pb-Pb to those for pp collisions,
multiplied by the average number of participating nucleons, shows a minimum in
the second region and becomes less than 1 for the most central events, indicating
suppression.
The correlation lengths ‫ܮ‬௖௄ increase with pT, with the following ratios ob-
served:
‫ܮ‬௖ூூூ : ‫ܮ‬௖ூூ ؆ ͷǢ‫ܮ‬௖ூூ ǣ‫ܮ‬௖ூ ؆ ͵ሺ„ െ „ሻǢ
‫ܮ‬ଵூூூ :‫ܮ‬ଵூூ  ؆ ͷǢ ‫ܮ‬ଵூூ : ‫ܮ‬ଵூ ؆ ͷ (pp)
The study found that the ratio of correlation lengths for η-mesons to π0-
mesons produced in pp collisions at 8 TeV is approximately equal to the ratio of
their masses (mK to mS0, respectively): < LK >:< LS0 > # mK : mS0. If the lengths ‫ܮ‬௖௄
values are directly proportional to string tension, this result could be a compelling
indicator of parton/string fragmentation dynamics. This explanation is proposed
because, in string theory, the masses of elementary particles and their energies
are determined by the intensity of string vibrations and the strangeness of string
stretch, which are influenced by string tension.
ିଵ
Employing the expression ߙௌ ؆ ൣ݈݊൫‫ ݍ‬ଶ Τ/ଶ ൯൧ (with Λ = 0.2 GeV/c), we find
that ߙௌ ؆ 1 for Region I, ~ 0.25 for Region II, and ~ 0.13 for Region III. The increase
ଵ
of ߙௌ with decreasing ‫ ்݌‬mirrors the QCD quark string relationship: ௥మ ̱ܳ ଶ ൌ
െ‫ ݍ‬ଶ, where r is the distance between quarks in a string. This result, coupled with
the aforementioned ratio of lengths, suggests that fragmentation and hadroniza-
tion of partons occur through string dynamics, with ‫ܮ‬௖௄ values linked to string
tension. We may conclude that the discerned ‫ ்݌‬regions at LHC energies signify
parton fragmentation and hadronization via parton strings: Region III is the do-
main of first-generation parton/string creation during collisions, producing the
most energetic hadrons/partons/strings with the highest tension and minimal
medium modification; Region II is characterized by the highest density of strings
that have decayed from those in Region III.
The high density in Region II leads to string fusion and a collective phenom-
enon, resulting from new string formation in the most central Pb-Pb interactions.
This may explain the anomalous behavior of the Nuclear Modification Factor in
this region; Region I exhibits the maximum number of hadrons and a minimum
number of strings.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

FREQUENCY OF TRANSVERSE AND LONGITUDINAL THERMOMAGNETIC

WAVES IN CERTAIN ANISOTROPIC CONDUCTING MEDIA
*
Maharramova A.A., Hasanov E.R.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
meherremovaaysel400@gmail.com

Theoretical and experimental study of physical phenomena in solids

makes it possible to reveal the crystallographic internal structure and con-
ductive properties of solids. The study of the physical properties of solids
located in external electric and magnetic fields is based on the physical
phenomena occurring in them. If a solid body is subject to a temperature
gradient, in addition to an external electric and magnetic field, then a num-
ber of physical phenomena occur inside the solid body, which are called
thermomagnetic phenomena. Many effects occur in solids if the magnetic
field is perpendicular to both the electric field and the temperature gradi-
ent. The energy distribution of charge carriers in solids and their motion
under the conditions of classical or wave mechanics do not always make it
possible to compare theoretical studies of thermomagnetic effects with
experimental values.
It mainly consists of studying the Nernst-Ettingshausen effect: If there
is ߘ௫ ܶ a temperature gradient in semiconductors and ‫ܪ‬௭ a magnetic field
acts on it ‫ܪ‬௭ ٣ ߘ௫ ܶ, an electric field ‫ܧ‬௬ is created.
Experience shows that the magnitude of the effect varies in different
semiconductors; on metals, and the scratch-free effect disappears. This
makes a lot of sense in the case of cracks in semiconductors.
Basic equations of the problem. The total electric field in an isotropic
solid has the form
߲ܶ
‫ܧ‬ሬԦ ൌ ߫ଔԦ ൅ ߫ ᇱ ൣଔԦ‫ܪ‬
ሬԦ ൧ ൅ ߫ ᇳ ൫ଔԦ‫ܪ‬
ሬԦ ൯‫ܪ‬
ሬԦ ൅ ߓ ൅ ߓᇱ ൣߘሬԦܶ‫ܪ‬
ሬԦ ൧ ൅ ߓᇱ ൫ߘሬԦܶ‫ܪ‬
ሬԦ ൯‫ܪ‬
ሬԦ Ǥ (1)
߲‫ݔ‬
In anisotropic conducting media, all coefficients in equation (1) are
tensors.
Then the equations for anisotropic conducting media will have the form:
߲ܶ
ᇱ
‫ܧ‬ሬԦ௜ ൌ ߫௜௞ ଔԦ௞ ൅ ߫௜௞ ൣଔԦ‫ܪ‬ ᇳ
ሬԦ ൧ ൅ ߫௜௞ ሬԦ ൯‫ܪ‬
൫ଔԦ‫ܪ‬ ሬԦ௞ ൅ ߓ௜௞ ൅ ߓ௜௞ᇱ ൣߘሬԦܶ‫ܪ‬
ሬԦ ൧ ൅ߓ௜௞ᇱ ൫ߘሬԦܶ‫ܪ‬
ሬԦ ൯‫ܪ‬
ሬԦ௞ ǡ (2)
௞ ߲‫ݔ‬ ௞

ߓ௜௞ is the differential thermopower, and ߓ௜௞ᇱ is the Nernst-Ettinizhausen co-

efficients.
When ‫ܪ‬ ሬԦ଴ ൌ Ͳ in the equations, the terms containing ߫௜௞ ǡ ߫௜௞
ᇳ
ǡ ܻ௜௞ᇳ , are
equal to zero. Or

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

߱ ൌ ߱଴ ൅ ݅ߛǡ ߱଴ ൌ ሺ߱ଵଶΤͶ߫ ሻଵΤଶ ǡ ߛ ൌ ሺ߱ଵଶΤͶ߫ ሻଵΤଶ . (3)

For any orientation of the wave vector relative to the temperature
gradient, the frequency and increment of excited thermomagnetic waves
are the same
With longitudinal ݇ሬԦ ȁȁߘሬԦܶ and transverse ݇
ሬԦ ٣ ߘሬԦܶ orientation of the
wave vector relative to the temperature gradient, waves of a thermomag-
netic nature are excited with different frequencies and increments.

SPECTRAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE ALGOL-TYPE BINARY STAR U SAGITTAE

1,2
Rustamov B.N., 1Mikailov Kh.M., 1Alisheva K.I., 2Mammadova S.O., 2*Aliyeva V.I.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory named after N. Tusi, Azerbaijan
vusala.elizade@mail.ru

The results of spectral observations of the Algol-type binary star U Sa-

gittae (U Sge) are presented. Spectral observations of the star U Sge were
carried out at the Cassegrain focus of the 2-meter telescope of the Shama-
khy Astrophysical Observatory named after N.Tusi, on the fiber echelle spec-
trograph ShaFES (Shamakhy Fiber Echelle Spectrograph), using a CCD ma-
trix, with a spectral resolution R = 28000, in the wavelength region λλ 3900–
7500 Å, in the years 2022-2023. The behavior of profiles: hydrogen lines of
the Balmer series (Hα - Hδ), HeI 5876Å, as well as lines of resonance dou-
blets - DNaI and KCaII, during the orbital period of the eclipsing binary sys-
tem U Sge, is described. Radial velocities of the hydrogen lines (Hα - Hδ) and
HeI 5876Å were measured. These lines are related to the main component
of the U Sge binary system. Based on these measurements, radial velocity
curves of the main component of the U Sge system were constructed. Or-
bital phases were calculated based on the ephemeris:
JD [primary minimum] = 2442207.8444 + 3.3806205E borrowed from
[Tomkin J., 1978, Ap. J., 221, 608]. In Fig.1, the radial velocity curves of the
primary and secondary components of the U Sge binary system are shown
(see figure captions). At an orbital period, value of about 0.8 in the blue or
about 0.3 in the red part of the line profiles, Hα in the spectrum of the U
Sge system, absorption details appear. A similar picture was previously
identified by us for the Algol-type binary star δ Lib. We preliminarily as-
sume that this observational fact may indicate the presence of a third com-
ponent in the system, and it is not excluded that this effect is related to

31
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

the so-called McLaughlin-Rossiter effect, which is observed in Algol-type

binary systems.

Fig. 1. Velocity curves for the primary and secondary components of the U Sge Algol type
binary system. Primary component – full circles: dark – P12 (Tomkin J., 1978, Ap. J., 221,
608); red – Hα (this paper); blue – Hβ (this paper). Secondary component (Tomkin J.,
1978, Ap. J., 221, 608) – full rectangles: dark – DNaI; red – CaII; blue – MgI.

AXIAL-VECTOR CHARGE RADIUS OF NUCLEONS IN THE SOFT-WALL

MODEL OF HOLOGRAPHIC QCD AT FINITE TEMPERATURE
1*
Nasibova N., 2Mamedov Sh.
1
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
2
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
n.nesibli88@gmail.com, sh.mamedov62@gmail.com

We investigate the dependence of the axial-vector transition form

factor and charge radius of the nucleons on the temperature of the me-
dium, using the AdS/QCD soft-wall model which is based on AdS/CFT du-
ality. The dependencies of the axial-vector transition form factor and
charge radius of nucleons on the square of the momentum transfer and
the temperature are plotted. We observe that the value of the axial-vector
transition form factor and the charge of nucleons radius decreases with
increasing temperature.
Axial-vector transition form factor and charge radius at finite temper-
ature. To obtain the axial vector radius of the nucleon, we obtained the
axial vector transition form factor of nucleons at finite temperature. Using
the relationship between the left and right profile functions of the

32
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

nucleons in the ground state, the axial-vector form factor should be ob-
tained from the axial vector current of the nucleons. Then the axial vector
radius of the nucleon at finite temperature is found by deriving the nor-
malized axial vector form factor. Axial vector radius of nucleon at finite
temperature has the following form [3]:
െ͸݀‫ܩ‬஺ ሺܳ ଶ ǡ ܶሻ
‫ݎ‬஺ଶ ሺܶሻ ൌ െ Ǥ (1)
‫ܩ‬஺ ሺܳ ଶ ǡ Ͳሻ†ܳ ଶ
By using the Lagrangian terms for the interaction between axial-vec-
ሺ௜ሻ
tor mesons and nucleons in general action it can be obtain ‫ܩ‬஺் ሺܳǡ ܶሻ axial
ሺ௜ሻ
vector transition terms. We obtain the ‫ܩ‬஺் ሺܳଶ ǡ ܶሻ, which is the sum of
the contributions of the minimal, magnetic type and Yukawa interaction
of the transition axial form-factor of nucleons.

a) b)

c) d)
Fig. 1. a) The temperature dependencies of form factor and charge radius.

Numerical analysis shows that the axial vector transition form factor
and radius of nucleon decreases on increasing temperature. This means in
a hot medium, the β decay has less probability. This result may be used in
neutrino experiments. Our result for the nucleon radius (0.626) is consistent
with the experimental value (0.67) and other models’ results (0.647).

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

METALLICITY OF THE STAR HR 4294(A5III)

1,2
Samedov Z.A., 1Rajabova S.Sh., 2Rustem U.R., 2*Hajiyeva G.M.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory named after N. Tusi, Azerbaijan
zahir.01@mail.ru

The atmosphere of star HR 4294 (A5III) is investigated by the method

of atmospheric model. Effective temperature and surface of gravity, mi-
croturbulence, and metallicity are determined. Knowing the effective tem-
perature and surface of gravity the models of stellar atmospheres are cal-
culated, and on the basis of these models, the evolutionary parameters of
stars: masses, radii, luminosities, and ages are calculated. In astrophysics,
microturbulence is considered a mechanism for the broadening of the
spectral line. The equivalent width of the spectral line depends on micro-
turbulence and to determine the chemical composition, it is necessary to
know the microturbulent velocity. Therefore, it is necessary to know the
microturbulent velocity in determining the chemical composition of stars.
Metallicity is one of the main fundamental parameters of stars. According
to the definition of this parameter, it is determined that the star and the
Sun are formed from the same or different metallicity matter, the problem
of the correctness of the provisions of the modern theory of chemical evo-
lution of stars is solved.
The effective temperature of star HR 4294(A5III) Teff=8300±100K and
the surface of gravity logg=4.0±0.1 were determined based on a compar-
ison of the observed and theoretically calculated values of the photomet-
ric quantities [c1], Q, β, and the use of parallax method. The determina-
tion of the microturbulent velocity by the model method is based on the
study of equivalent widths in a wide range of spectral lines of FeII of star
HR 4294(A5III) and the iron abundance is determined: ξt=2.2±0.1кm/s,
logε(Fe)= 7.40±0.12. The metallicity was determined in the atmosphere
of the star HR 4294(A5III): [Fe/H]= -0.07. As is shown the metallicity of
the studied stars and the Sun is practically the same. This result is im-
portant for making corrections in the chemical evolution models of the
Galaxy.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

INVESTIGATING THE STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF

CuxCo3-xO4 NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY SONOCHEMICAL METHOD
*
Mammadyarova S.J., Muradov M.B., Eyvazova G.M., Balayeva O.O.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
sevinc.memmedyarova@inbox.ru

Among transition metal oxides, cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4

NPs) have gained much attention due to their uncommon physical and
chemical properties. They are widely used as a gas sensor, pH sensor, cat-
alyst, anode material in Li-ion rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors,
electrochemical sensors, photocatalyst, solar absorbing and electro-
chromic material. It is reported that the incorporation of metal dopants is
an effective method for improving the properties of oxide NPs such as
electrical conductivity and catalytic activity. Up to date, several metals
were used to modify the Co3O4 NPs including Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Mo, Ag,
Pd, Au and etc. In the present study, CuxCo3-xO4 (x=0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.1)
NPs have been synthesized by the sonochemical method and subsequent
calcination at different high temperatures (500°C and 600°C). The purpose
of choosing copper in our work is that the ionic radius of Cu2+ (0.71 Å) is
near to the ionic radius of Co2+ (0.72 Å) and therefore Cu2+ ions can easily
enter into the Co3O4 matrix. The synthesized NPs were further character-
ized using X-ray diffraction, UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, Ra-
man spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. According to the
XRD results, the size of Co3O4 NPs exhibits irregular changes as the con-
centration of Cu increases. No peaks associated with copper or copper ox-
ide phases were observed in the diffractograms of doped samples and it
indicates that Cu is successfully substituted in the Co3O4 lattice. The band
gap value of undoped Co3O4 NPs annealed at 500°C initially rises from 1.58
eV and 3.33 eV to 1.70 eV and 3.43 eV with a 2% Cu doping content, but
subsequently decreases with higher Cu content. The increase in the band
gap of Cu0.02Co2.98O4 NPs can be attributed to the Moss-Burstein effect and
the decrease of band gap at higher dopant concentrations can be ex-
plained with crystal defect. For samples annealed at 600°C, the band gap
value increases with decreasing of nanoparticle size according to quantum
size confinement. Based on the TEM measurements, Cu0.1Co2.9O4 NPs an-
nealed at 500°C exhibit spherical-like, hexagonal-like, rhombohedral-like
and irregularly structured morphology and the size of NPs is in the range

35
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

of 15.78 nm-78.31 nm. The characteristic peaks appeared at 662 cm–1 and
572 cm–1 in the FTIR spectra of Cu0.1Co2.9O4 NPs annealed at 500°C. So, this
result confirms the formation of Co3O4 with spinel structure. The absence
of a peak related to Cu-O bond in the spectrum of Cu-doped Co3O4 NPs
can be explained by the overlapping of Cu-O peak with Co-O peak because
their vibration wavelengths are very close. Three peaks at 184, 464 and
666 cm–1 were observed in the Raman spectra of undoped Co3O4 NPs an-
nealed at 500°C and these peaks are attributed to the F2g, Eg and A1g
modes, respectively. The strong band at 666 cm–1 (A1g mode) is assigned
to the characteristics of the octahedral sites, while F2g and Eg modes are
correspond to the combined vibrations of the tetrahedral site and octahe-
dral oxygen motions. The Raman peaks at 513.19 and 675.68 cm–1 were
observed for Cu0.02Co2.98O4 NPs and the Raman peaks at 512.13 and
674.66 cm–1 were observed for Cu0.1Co2.9O4 NPs. A slight shift of the peak
observed at A1g mode to higher wavenumbers occurred after doping.

DOUBLE QUADRATIC PHOTODETECTION BASED GAAS/ALGAAS STEPPED

QUANTUM WELL IN A TERAHERTZ AND FAR INFRARED RANGE
1*
Salhi W., 1Rajira A., 1Samyh A., 2Akabli H., 1Abounadi A., 1Almaggoussi A.
1
Cadi Ayyad University, Morocco
2
Hassan first University, Morocco
salhiwafaa95@gmail.com

We have calculated the electronic states for the GaAs/AlGaAs stepped

quantum well. The results show a singular behavior of a confined energy
versus the step width‫ܮ‬௪ଶ . As a consequence, there is at least, one crossing
between two different transitions that occurs for many geometries, which
may enhance the optical absorption in unipolar optoelectronic devices.
We have, then, evaluated the response to a electromagnetic radiation, of
a structure where a double two photon absorption (TPA) may occur in the
THz/FIR domain, through the calculation of a intersubband absorption co-
efficient.
The first TPA corresponds to the ‫ܧ‬ଵଶ and ‫ܧ‬ଶସ transitions crossing at
70meV (17THz) and the second to the crossing of ‫ܧ‬ଶଷ and ‫ܧ‬ଷସ transitions
at 35meV (8.5THz).

36
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

DLTS SPECTROSCOPY OF RADIATION DEFECTS IN SILICON WITH

PLATINUM IMPURITY

Utamuradova Sh., *Rakhmanov D.

National University of Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan
dilmurod-1991@bk.ru

It is known that complex formation processes in irradiated semicon-

ductors are determined by the concentration ratios of certain defects,
their charge state and the defect structure of the crystal as a whole. Pa-
rameters of semiconductor devices, such as speed, forward voltages and
reverse currents, quantum efficiency of LEDs and lasers, and gain of tran-
sistors are highly dependent on the presence of deep-level impurities (DL).
The purpose of this work is to study radiation defect formation in single-
crystal n-Si<Рt> using DLTS spectroscopy.
The objects under study were n-type silicon wafers measuring 1.5 x 6
x 13 mm with a resistivity of 40 Ohm cm (KEF-40). The wafers were cut
from silicon ingots grown using the Czochralski method. Doping of silicon
with platinum was carried out by the diffusion method from a layer of
metal platinum deposited on the silicon surface in evacuated quartz am-
poules at a temperature of 1200 °C for 2 hours.
The diffusion introduction of platinum atoms into n-Si leads to the for-
mation of two deep levels in the upper half of the n-Si<Pt> band gap: Ec-
0.20 eV and Ec-0.25 eV (see Fig. 1).
Analysis of the measured DLTS spectra in doped and control samples
showed that only one level, Ec-0.25 eV, is associated with platinum atoms
in silicon, and the efficiency of the formation of this deep level depends
on the technological modes of introducing Pt into n-Si - temperature and
diffusion time. The level of Ec-0.20 eV is also observed in the control heat-
treated (without Pt) samples, but its concentration is half an order of mag-
nitude higher than in the doped samples (Fig. 1, curve 2).
From a comparison of the measured DLTS spectra it follows that as a
result of irradiation both in the control n-Si samples (Fig. 2, curve 3) and in
the n-Si<Pt> samples (Fig. 2, curve 4), new levels with ionization energies
Ec-0.17 eV and Ec-0.43 eV. The values of the parameters of this deep level
refer to known radiation defects - vacancy-oxygen complexes (A-centers)
and vacancy-phosphorus complexes (E-centers).

37
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Fig. 1. Typical DLTS spectra of unirradiated Fig. 2. Typical DLTS spectra of irradiated
n-Si<Pt> samples (curve 1, peaks A and B), n-Si (curve 3, peaks C and D) and n-
control n-Si (curve 2, peak A). Si<Pt> (curve 4, peaks A, B, C and D).

From the results obtained it follows that the presence of platinum im-
purities in the silicon lattice leads to a slowdown in the formation of radia-
tion defects: the concentrations of A- and E-centers in n-Si<Pt> samples are
2-3 times lower than in control samples. Moreover, the higher the concen-
tration of platinum, the lower the concentration of radiation defects.

TWO-DIMENSIONAL ENERGY STRUCTURE OF SCHOTTKY DIODES

*
Mamedov R.K., Aslanova A.R.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
rasimaz50@yahoo.com

Metal-semiconductor contacts (MSC), which have rectifying and

ohmic properties, are important physical elements of simple and complex
discrete semiconductor devices and integrated circuits of modern elec-
tronic devices. Electronic processes occurring in ideal MSCs with an unlim-
ited homogeneous contact surface (interface) are well described by the
fundamental one-dimensional energy structure developed by Schottky.
The results of numerous experimental studies show that some features of
the electrophysical properties of real rectifying MSCs with a limited con-
tact surface (Schottky diodes (SD), created on the basis of various contact-
ing metals and semiconductors are difficult to add up within the Schottky
model. In particular, the dependence of the potential barrier height on the
applied voltage of real SD turns out to be stronger than it follows from the
Schottky model, i.e. the ideality factor of the current-voltage characteris-
tics of real SD is much greater than unity.

38
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Recently, the establishment of the phenomenon of the appearance

of an additional electric field (AEF) in the edge region of the limited con-
tact surface of real SDs shows that complex electronic processes occur-
ring in them can be described by a two-dimensional energy structure.
This report presents the features of our developed two-dimensional en-
ergy structure of the SD with the corresponding parameters, schemati-
cally shown in Fig. 1.

ФВ1 EC
l2

l1 ФВ2 EFSO
l2 EFSO
EFM x1 d1 UC
EFS
x2 d2

Fig. 1. Schematic two-dimensional energy structure of real SD

AEF in the SD, which arises due to the potential difference between
the interface surface and the adjacent free surfaces of the semiconductor
and metal, exists in almost all real MSCs. The AEF tension is directed from
the edge part of the contact surface of the metal to the free surfaces of
the contacting materials. The general contact surface of the SD consists of
an inner part with a high potential barrier height ФВ1 and an edge part with
a low potential barrier height ФВ2, where ФВ1 > ФВ2. The potential barrier
has a maximum value of ФВ1 at a distance x1 from the interface in the inner
part of the contact and decreases along the direction to the periphery in
the edge part of the contact to a minimum value of ФВ2 at a distance x2
from the interface. Under the influence of the AEF a redistribution of
charge carriers occurs in the peripheral contact area and a voltage drop (-
UC) occurs.

39
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

SELF-POWERED TRANSMISSION LINE MONITORING SENSORS BASED ON

TRIBOELECTRIC NANOGENERATORS WITH MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES
/NYLON NANOCOMPOSITE FILMS
*
Gulahmadov O.G., Muradov M.B., Mamedov H.M., Qahramanli L.R., Jiseok K.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
ogulahmadov@bsu.edu.az

A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is an energy harvesting device

that uses the triboelectric phenomenon to convert mechanical energy into
electrical energy. When two different materials come into contact and
then separate, the triboelectric effect causes the creation of electric
charges. The triboelectric material acquires or loses electrons when the
electrode and triboelectric material come into contact and are then re-
moved, generating an electric potential difference or voltage between the
two electrodes. TENGs have several advantages, such as their simple de-
sign, low weight, and potential for scalable fabrication.
Monitoring transmission lines is of utmost importance to ensure the
safe and reliable operation of the power grid. Transmission lines are the
backbone of the power grid and are responsible for transporting electricity
over long distances from power plants to distribution centers. However,
transmission lines are also susceptible to serious failures such as short-cir-
cuits, overloading, and even the occurrence of insulator damage which can
lead to issues such as blackouts or even fire hazards. Additionally, trans-
mission lines are often exposed to harsh environmental conditions that
can lead to degradation over time. Therefore, efficient monitoring systems
using innovative technologies, such as self-powered sensors based on
TENGs, play a crucial role in maintaining transmission line infrastructure
and preventing dangerous and costly failures.
In this study, we propose a novel approach for self-powered transmis-
sion line monitoring sensors based on triboelectric nanogenerators
(TENGs) with magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles/nylon nanocomposite films.
We leverage vibrations and the magnetic field generated by the transmis-
sion line to induce movement in the nanocomposite film, resulting in the
self-operation of the TENGs. The self-powered sensors not only gather val-
uable data from the transmission line but also harness the energy associ-
ated with the line's magnetic field to continuously power themselves.

40
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Our research opens up exciting possibilities for sustainable and relia-

ble self-powered transmission line monitoring. By harnessing the energy
from the transmission line's magnetic field, our TENG-based sensors offer
a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution. This approach has
immense potential to reduce maintenance costs and enhance the overall
efficiency and reliability of transmission line systems.

ACOUSTIC WEYL METAMATERIALS BASED SPACE-TIME CRYSTALS

WITH TOPOLOGICAL STATES
1
Ozer Z., 2,3*Mamedov A.M., 2Ozbay E.
1
Mersin University, Türkiye
2
Bilkent University, Türkiye
3
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
mamedov46@gmail.com

Time crystals are time-periodic self-organized structures postulated

by Frank Wilczek. While the original concept was strongly criticized, it stim-
ulated at the same time an intensive research leading to propositions and
experimental verifications of discrete (or Floquet) time crystals – the struc-
tures that appear in the time domain due to spontaneous breaking of dis-
crete time translation symmetry. The struggle to observe discrete time
crystals is reviewed here together with propositions that generalize this
concept introducing condensed matter like physics in the time domain.
We shall also revisit the original Wilczek’s idea and review strategies aimed

41
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

at spontaneous breaking of continuous time translation symmetry. On the

other hand, I t is well known that an interface created by two topologically
distinct structures could host nontrivial edge states that are immune to
defects. In this investigation, we introduce a 1- and 2D space-time phono-
nic crystal and study the associated anomalous topological edge states
when the phononic crystal’s density is modulated both in space and time.
While preserving the key topological feature of the system, the time mod-
ulation also duplicates the edge state mode across the spectrum, both in-
side and outside the band gap. It is shown that, in contrast to conventional
topological edge states which are excited by frequencies in the Bragg re-
gime, the time-modulation-induced frequency conversion can be lever-
aged to access topological edge states at a deep subwavelength scale. This
feature could open another route for designing miniature devices that are
based on topological physics. We also investigated the situation when the
breakdown this barrier by imposing both space and time modulation
(STM) on the medium properties. The STM could enable the engineering
of topological phases in the time domain which provides an extra degree
of freedom and therefore richer physics. There are two major findings in
this study: (1) the emergence of anomalous topological edge states in the
bulk band; and (2) the possibility to excite the edge state in the Bragg re-
gime using ultralow frequencies whose wavelengths could be orders of
magnitude greater than the periodicity of the PC. These features could
bring about different designs of miniature devices based on topological
phases for unconventional wave manipulation, excitation, and detection.
Although the current study focuses on 1D acoustic systems, the theory de-
veloped here can readily be extended to higher dimensions and other
wave-based systems. In conclusion, we propose to enrich the functionali-
ties of topological devices via time modulation, which gives rise to the du-
plication of topological edge states across the entire spectrum. This fea-
ture can be used to achieve deep subwavelength manipulation of the edge
state in the Bragg regime, which could be proven useful for designing min-
iature topological devices for waveguiding, sensing, and excitation, among
other intriguing functionalities.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

CONTROLLING THE UNCONTROLLABLE: QUANTUM CONTROL

OF OPEN SYSTEM DYNAMICS
1,2*
Kallush Sh., 1Dann R., 1Kosloff R.
1
Holon Academic Institute of Technology, Israel
2
Herber University of Jerusalem, Israel
ronnie@fh.huji.ac.il

Control of open quantum systems is essential for the realization of con-

temporary quantum science and technology. We demonstrate such control
by employing a thermodynamically consistent framework, taking into ac-
count the fact that the drive can modify the systems interaction with the
environment. Such an effect is incorporated within the dynamical equation,
leading to control-dependent dissipation. This relation serves as the key el-
ement for open system control. The control paradigm is displayed by ana-
lyzing entropy changing state-to-state transformations, such as heating and
cooling. The difficult task of controlling quantum gates is achieved for non-
unitary reset maps with complete memory loss. In addition, we identify a
novel mechanism for controlling unitary gates by actively removing entropy
from the system to the environment. We demonstrate a universal set of
single and double qubit unitary gates under dissipation.

SYNTHESIS OF AgNWs/PVA NANOCOMPOSITE AND EXAMINATION OF

THE IMPACT OF SULFIDATION ON ITS STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS

*Addayeva Z.R., Muradov M.B., Eyvazova G.M., Mammadyarova S.J.,

Baghirov M.A.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
zeynabramazan5399@gmail.com

In recent times, there has been growing interest in the utilization of

composites composed of Silver Nanowires (AgNWs) and polyvinyl alcohol
(PVA). Consequently, AgNWs/PVA composites have been applied in vari-
ous devices, including transparent conductive films, flexible electronics,
sensors, light-emitting devices, etc., leveraging their lightweight, flexible
electrical, and optical properties. The effect of sulfidation on the structure
of AgNWs/PVA composites has been investigated in the conducted study.

43
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

In the conducted research, AgNWs were synthesized through the

modified polyol method. AgNWs/PVA composites were then prepared by
mixing the synthesized AgNWs with PVA at a concentration of 1.5 wt%.
Samples were subjected to the influence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas ob-
tained through the reaction Na2S+2HCl→2NaCl+H2S↑. Three samples
were sulfided by varying the amount of Na2S used in obtaining H2S gas,
denoted as AgNWs/PVA-1, AgNWs/PVA-2, and AgNWs/PVA-3 according to
the Na2S quantities of 4, 6, and 8 q.
Figure 1(a) illustrates the X-ray diffraction patterns of AgNWs/PVA
samples. The characteristic peak for PVA is observed at 2θ=19.31°, corre-
sponding to the (101) index. Peaks at 2θ=38.33°, 44.51°, 64.63°, and
77.58°, corresponding to (111), (200), (220), and (311) planes, are at-
tributed to AgNWs (JCPDS card no. 04-0783). Figure 1(b), c, and d depict
the XRD peaks of AgNWs/PVA-1, AgNWs/PVA-2, and AgNWs/PVA-3, re-
spectively. As evident from the spectra, the crystallinity degree of PVA in
samples exposed to the influence of H2S gas decreases, leading to amor-
phization. Additionally, after sulfidation, a decrease in the intensity of the
peak corresponding to AgNWs (111) index is observed, and a new peak
appears at 2θ=32.34°, associated with the sulfidation of AgNWs and the
formation of Ag2S (JCPDS card no. 14-0072). However, the complete ab-
sence of shifts in the peaks attributed to AgNWs suggests that AgNWs are
only surface-sulfided and not completely sulfided. The quantity of Ag2S
formed increases with an increase in the amount of H2S gas and the dura-
tion of exposure, as evident from the spectrum.

Fig. 1. XRD diffractogram for a) AgNWs/PVA, b) AgNWs/PVA-1,

c) AgNWs/PVA-2, d) AgNWs/PVA-3

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

THE USE OF MULTI-QUANTUM ABSORPTION FOR THE STUDY

OF SEMICONDUCTOR MULTILAYER STRUCTURES
*Salmanov V.M., Huseynov A.G., Mamedov R.M., Hasanova L.G.,
Mahammadov A.Z., Ahmadova F.Sh., Mammadova T.A.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
vagif_salmanov@yahoo.com

Determination of the main parameters of multilayer semiconductor

structures is one of the urgent tasks of optoelectronics. The methods of X-
ray spectral microanalysis currently applied to such structures and the reg-
istration of photoluminescence of the layers of the structure using layer-
by-layer bleed have significant drawbacks, consisting in the violation of the
integrity of the samples, the requirement of their careful preparation and
significant time spent on measurements. In This paper proposes a method
for studying semiconductor multilayer structures based on the analysis of
absorption and photoluminescence spectra under two and three-quan-
tum excitation by laser radiation.
Multilayer structures were obtained by sequential deposition of InSe,
GaSe and GaS crystals on a glass substrate by the Modified Chemical Bath
Deposition method. A pulsed Nd:YAG laser with built-in 2nd and 3rd har-
monic generators, designed to generate radiation with a wavelength of
1064, 532 and 335 nm, was used as a radiation source. The duration of the
laser pulse was 10 ns with a maximum power of ~ 12 MW/cm2. The optical
absorption and luminescence spectra of multilayer structures were stud-
ied using an automatic monochromator M833 with double dispersion,
with computer control and a detector that registers radiation in the wave-
length range of 350-2000 nm.
GaS thin films have a band gap of Eg=2.53 eV, so the radiation of the
2nd harmonic of the Nd:YAG laser of (԰ω=2.34 eV) should lead to a two-
quantum, and the radiation of the 1st harmonic (԰ω=1.17 eV) to three-
quantum absorption. Unlike GaS, GaSe thin films have a locked band width
of 2.02 eV, excitation by the 1st harmonic of a neodymium laser can lead
to two-quantum absorption. The band gap InSe is in the near-infrared re-
gion of the spectrum of (Eg=1.10 eV), laser light with ԰ω=1.17 eV energy
can lead to single-photon absorption.
Our experimental results showed that the observed maxima in the
photoluminescence spectra (415 nm, 484 nm, 607 nm, 760 nm and 1085
nm) of the multilayer structure are due to radiative recombination at the
edge of the fundamental absorption. The estimates show that the ratio of
the two-quantum coefficient to the three-quantum absorption coefficient
45
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

is 3x104, which is in good agreement with the experimental results. In our

opinion, the results obtained by us can find a number of applications in the
manufacture of optoelectronic devices based on semiconductor layers
with a variable band gap Eg, for which knowledge of such characteristics
as the composition and, accordingly, the value of Eg, the thickness of the
layers, the concentration of deep and fine impurities is very important.

ELECTRONIC BAND STRUCTURE OF Cd1-xFexSe

1,2*
Mehrabova M.A., 3,4Allahyarov E.A., 5Hasanov N.H., 6Gasimova N.R.
1
Azerbaijan Technical University, Azerbaijan
2
Institute of Radiation Problems, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
3
Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf, Germany
4
Macromolecular Science, CWRU Cleveland, USA
5
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
6
Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction, Azerbaijan
metanet.mehrabova@aztu.edu.az

In the present paper theoretically investigated electron band struc-

ture of Cd1–xFexSe by DFT method using ab initio calculations. The calcula-
tions are based on the first-principles pseudopotential method within the
density functional theory (DFT) and the Local Spin Density Approximation
(LSDA) using the Tight Tier basis set. All calculations are performed by us-
ing Atomistix Toolkit (ATK) program.
Cd1-xFexSe supercell of 8 and 64 atoms were constructed. It was used
Hubbard U potential UFe = 2.42 eV for 3d states for Fe atoms. After the
construction of Cd1-xFexSe (x = 0; 6.25 %; 25 %) supercells, atom relaxation
and optimization of the crystal structure were carried out to eliminate
forces and minimize stresses. The equilibrium lattice parameters have
been computed by minimizing the crystal total energy calculated for dif-
ferent values of lattice constant.
Firstly, electron band structure (EBS) was calculated for CdSe semi-
conductor compound. The calculated band gap was 1.73 eV. The electron
band structure of Cd1-xFexSe SMSC is determined from the projected den-
sity of states (PDOS). The analysis of graphs shows that in the valence
band, the electron band structure of Cd1-xFexSe consists of three parts: (1)
the upper part of the valence band is mainly formed by p-orbitals of Se and
Cd atoms, s-orbitals of Cd and Fe atoms with some contribution of d-orbit-
als of Fe atoms; (2) the middle part is formed by d-orbitals of Cd atoms,
which are 7 eV lower than the valence band maximum (3) the lower part
is formed by s-orbitals of Se and Fe atoms, and p-orbitals of Fe atoms

46
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

which are located 18 eV lower than the valence band maxim.

The bottom of the conductivity band is formed by s-and p-orbitals of
Fe atoms and p-orbitals of Cd atoms, d-orbitals of Se atoms. EBS and den-
sity of states (DOS) for Cd1-xFexSe, x=0.25 were calculated, and band gap,
the total energy has been defined as Eg= 1.92 eV, Et=-6308.42730 eV re-
spectively. EBS and density of states (DOS) for Cd1-xFexSe, x=0.06 were cal-
culated and the band gap, DOS, total energy has been defined in antifer-
romagnetic (AFM) and ferromagnetic (FM) phases.
The band gap for the Cd1-xFexSe, x=0.06 in ferromagnetic phase is
equal to Eg = 1.77 eV and total energy is equal to Et = -60818.04032 eV.
The band gap for the Cd1-xFexSe, x=0.06 in antiferromagnetic phase is
equal to Eg = 1.78 eV and total energy is equal to Et = -60818.03595 eV.
The calculated band gap much closer to literature data and our exper-
imental results. It was defined that total energy in AFM phase more than
in FM phase Et (AFM) › Et (FM), therefore AFM phase considered more
stabile. Band gap in AFM more than in FM phase Eg(AFM) › Eg (FM).

CdS NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY LASER ABLATION

Jafarov M.A., *Salmanov V.M., Huseynov A.G., Mamedov R.M., Abasova A.Z.,
Jahangirova S.A., Ahmadova F.Sh., Mammadova T.A.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
vagif_salmanov@yahoo.com

Semiconductor nanoparticles have recently attracted attention due to

their unique physical and chemical properties. Cadmium sulfide (‫ )ܵ݀ܥ‬is a
technologically useful material due to its wide bandgap of ʹǤͶʹܸ݁, making
it useful in a wide range of applications such as; light-emitting diodes, sin-
gle electro- and field-effect transistors, photo sensors, window materials,
solar cells. ‫ ܵ݀ܥ‬nanoparticles were synthesized via a many methods such
as a sol-gel template, Solvo-thermal route, hydrothermal, chemical met-
hod and laser ablation.
In this work, ‫ ܵ݀ܥ‬nanoparticles were synthesized by laser ablation of
a solid target in a liquid medium. Special pure ‫( ݀ܥ‬99%) and a solution of
ሺܰ‫ܪ‬ଶ ሻଶ ‫ ܵܥ‬were used as the initial raw materials. The reaction occurred
according to the following formula:
‫ ݀ܥ‬൅ ሺܰ‫ܪ‬ଶ ሻଶ ‫ ܵܥ‬൅ ‫ܪ‬ଶ ܱ ՜ ‫ ܵ݀ܥ‬൅ ሺܰ‫ܪ‬ଶ ሻଶ ‫ ܱܥ‬൅ ‫ܪ‬ଶ
Immediately after irradiation with a laser pulse, ‫ ܵ݀ܥ‬nanoparticles
were formed. The ablation process was carried out with laser radiation

47
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

with a wavelength of ߣ ൌ ͳͲ͸Ͷ݊݉, with a pulse energy of ͳ͵ͷ݉‫ ܬ‬and

an ablation time of ̱ͳͲ݉݅݊. The emission intensity was varied using
calibrated neutral light filters. The optical absorption and luminescence
spectra of the ‫ ݁ܵܽܩ‬nanoparticle were studied using an M833 automatic
monochromator with dual dispersion (spectral resolution ̱ͲǤͲʹͶ݊݉ at
a wavelength of ͸ͲͲ݊݉), with computer control and a detector that rec-
ords radiation in the wavelength range waves ͵ͷͲ െ ʹͲͲͲ݊݉.
Based on the X-ray diffraction patterns of nanoparticles from droplets
of a ‫ ܵ݀ܥ‬colloidal solution dried on a clean glass substrate, the sizes of the
nanoparticles were calculated using the Scherer formula. Estimates show
that the average size of ‫ ܵ݀ܥ‬nanoparticles is ̱ʹ͹݊݉. XRD patterns show
that the synthesized ‫ ܵ݀ܥ‬nanoparticles are nancrystalline and have a hex-
agonal wurtzite structure.
The luminescence spectrum of ‫ ܵ݀ܥ‬nanoparticles excited by the 2nd
harmonic of an Nd:YAG laser (԰߱ ൌ ʹǤ͵Ͷܸ݁) has a maximum at a wave-
length of ͵͹ͷ݊݉ (͵Ǥ͵Ͳܸ݁). An increase in the laser light power by 1.5
times does not affect the position of the spectrum, but leads to an increase
in the radiation intensity by ̱2 times. In our opinion, the observed lumi-
nescence is due to radiative recombination of free excitons. Knowing of
the energy of free excitons in ‫ܧ( ܵ݀ܥ‬௙Ǥ௘௫ ̱ʹͻܸ݉݁), we can determine the
band gap of nanoparticles ‫ܧ‬௚ ൌ ݄ߥ ൅ ‫ܧ‬௙Ǥ௘௫ ǡ which turned out to be equal
to ͵Ǥ͵͵ܸ݁. This value turned out to be ͲǤͻͳܸ݁ greater than the band gap
of the bulk material.

STATE OF THE ART IN CANCER THERAPY: COMBINED THERAPY

AND THE MAIN FACTORS LIMITING OR ENHANCING THE EFFICACY
OF PROTON THERAPY
1
*Chirakadze A., 1Mitagvaria N., 1Chubinidze G., 1Dvali N., 1Khuskivadze N.,
2
Shanidze R., 2Abuladze M., 3Palavandishvili G.
1
Caucasus International University, Georgia
2
Kutaisi International University, Georgia
3
Georgian Technical University
achirakadze@gtu.ge, achikochirakadze@gmail.com

At the beginning of this century a kind of hierarchy of cancer treat-

ment methods had been developed:
a) the universally recognized treatments: Surgery, Chemotherapy, Ra-
diotherapy;

48
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

b) Targeted therapy, gene expression modulators, immunotherapy,

angiogenesis inhibitors, hormone therapy, etc., mainly recognized as more
specific, less common additional ancillary therapies;
c) All other modalities (hyperthermia, photodynamic therapy, pallia-
tive therapy, supportive therapy, stem cell therapy, other modalities of ad-
juvant therapy, etc.) which are are considered as less important means of
treatment.
The most advanced modern cancer treatment modality today is the
hadron (namely, proton and heavy ion therapy). Due the super-linear
growth of the number of particle (especially, proton) therapy centers,
many researchers forecasted a very high number of patients treated by
proton therapy before 2026. However, the real overall spread of hadron
therapy was much slower due to its very high cost, research intensity and
requirements for medical and engineering staff. Therefore, a significant
increase of the effectiveness and safety of proton therapy is an acute
need.
A detailed analysis of research data from the last five years have
clearly shown that the most important limiting phenomena are as follows:
the high proton irradiation doses required for the confident significant ef-
fect; the spread of proton radiation into the healthy tissues; Inaccuracy in
target positioning or target displacements; additional leakage of radiation
through the diffusers (pre-scatterers), collimators, ridge filters, modula-
tors, bolus, etc.; the secondary neutron radiation in tissues; leakage of ra-
diation scattered by the treatment part (gantry) and prompt gamma-
quants produced either in the machine and the patient tissues. The most
promising new solutions that can increase the treatment efficacy and cru-
cially reduce the side effects are proposed and discussed. The presented
research substantiates the authors’ concept of the strongly localized com-
bined multicomponent treatment of cancer (including proton radiother-
apy, chemotherapy, Curie temperature controlled magnetic hyperthermia
and boron-neutron/boron-proton capture nuclear reactions using boron
nitride nanosheets, metal, metal oxide nanoparticles and anticancer drug
mixtures) as the most promising adjunct modality for enhancing the pro-
ton therapy.

49
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

ALKALI METAL SALT SOLUTION BASED SYNERGISTIC CANCER THERAPY

COMBINED WITH ANTICANCER METAL OXIDE NANOPARTICLES: ACUTE
TOXICITY STUDY
1*
Chubinidze G., 1Mitagvaria N., 1Chirakadze A., 1Dvali N., 1Khuskivadze N.,
1
Chichua T., 2Chikadze N., 3Khomeriki I., 3Buachidze Z., 4Abuladze M.
1
Caucasus International University, Georgia
2
Tbilisi State University, Georgia
3
Georgian Technical University, Georgia
4
Kutaisi International University, Georgia
chubinidzegeorge@gmail.com

In 112 of the 183 monitored countries before the age of 70 years can-
cer currently is the first or second leading cause of death and the third or
fourth cause in the rest of the world, Cesium and Rubidium, the heaviest
alkali metals occurring in nature in stable form, are putative cancer treat-
ment compounds. Cesium chloride-based preparations are among the
most widely used alternate antitumor modalities in the United States, alt-
hough the over-the-counter use can cause undesirable, dangerous and
even lethal side effects. Many researchers, taking into account the rather
conflicting data from various studies, are of the opinion that this issue
should be studied more intensively. Special attention should be paid to the
study of acute and chronic toxicity (as one of the main characteristics of
the medical drugs) of cesium and rubidium preparations, to their interac-
tion with other antitumor modalities and to their bio-kinetics in bird em-
bryos and laboratory animals, as well as in the human body. On the other
hand, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles have proven their pronounced
anticancer activity and also are considered as promising materials for syn-
ergistic anticancer combinations. The general purpose of the reported re-
search was an in vivo study of the acute toxicity to chick embryos of the
seven putative anticancer combinations (rubidium chloride, cesium car-
bonate and rubidium carbonate water, and DMSO and standard saline so-
lutions combined with dispersed silver and copper oxide nanoparticles in
comparison to the solutions with dispersed SPIONs). The data of the pre-
sented research clearly show that chlorides are noticeably safer than car-
bonates, while rubidium salts are noticeably more toxic, than cesium salts.
DMSO dispersed zinc oxide is only 1.2-1.5 times more toxic than the saline
solution dispersed iron oxide and, taking into account the high anticancer
activity of DMSO, this dispersion can be considered as a promising syner-
gistic component for the anticancer drugs. Testing of the behavioral and

50
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

physiological characteristics confirmed the results of testing of the acute

toxicity, showing the same raking of safety of the combinations. The re-
ported study shows that all the tested combinations are highly safe at the
exposure doses lover than 0.2-0.4 mg/g. The results obtained by both
novel methods are in good correlation with each other.

BAND STRUCTURE, DIELECTRIC FUNCTION AND REFLECTION

COEFFICIENT OF CHAIN TlGaTe2
1
Abdullayev A.P., 1*Gafarova D.M., 1Musazade I.V., 2Ismayılov T.I.
1
Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction, Azerbaijan
2
Military Institute named after H. Aliyev, Azerbaijan
Dgafarova14@gmail.com

TlGaTe2 has the TlSe-type (B37) quasi-onе-dimensional chain struc-

ture and possesses a large Seebeck coefficient.
Band structure has been calculated for TlGaTe2 by pseudo-potential
method using non-local ionic pseudo-potentials built up in the scheme
suggested by Bachelet-Hamann-Schluter.
Screening and exchange-correlation effects have been treated within
Hubbard-Sham model with selected parameters of the charge distribution
around each particular ion. We have used a1800 plane waves (16 Rydberg
cut off energy) in decomposition of the wave function.
As follows from the calculated band structure the top of the va-
lence band is located in the symmetry point T(0.5; -0.5; 0.5) on the sur-
face of the Brillouin zone (BZ) and belong to the irreducible represen-
tation T3. the bottom of the conduction band is located in the symmetry
line D(k; k; 0.5-k) on the surface of the BZ between symmetry point N(0;
0; 0.5) and P(0.25; 0.25; 0.25) and belongs to the irreducible represen-
tation D1. the minimal energy gap for direct transitions which possess
T3-T4 symmetry and forbidden in dipole approximation takes place in
the T point.
Comparison with the previous band structure calculations for TlGaTe2
by the empirical pseudo-potential method and method and the liner acig-
mented plane-wave method shows that the symmetry of the electron
states at band gap is the save.
On an energetic scale the valence bands can be conditionally sorted
into three groups. Group theory study shows, that the lowest group with
four bands around -12eV is of the anion origin and results from 5s- states
51
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

of Te. Another group with four bands between –6 and –4 eV is largely

formed by 6s- states of Tl and 4s states of Ga. The main origin of the high-
est group with ten bands in the range –4 to 0 eV is p-states of the anion as
well as atoms of the third group.
Above theoretical assignment of the valence band states of TlGaTe2
agrees with experimental data on electron photoemission.
Imaginary part of the dielectric function for e__c and eAc configuration
of the incident radiation, where c is the optical axes, has been calculated
for energies up to 12 eV. Real part for the same configurations has been
obtained after extrapolations of the imaginary part to higher energies and
subsequent Kramers-Kronig transformation.
The resultant complex dielectric function has been used for determi-
nation of the reflection coefficient.
We also have been measured the reflection spectra in the energy
range 1.78-3.11 eV at 240, 200, 100, 150K temperatures. There is a satis-
factory consent between calculated and measured results.

ELECTRONIC AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF AG-DOPED (6,0)

SINGLE-WALLED ZnO NANOTUBES
1*
Jafarova V.N., 2Mamedov N.T.
1
Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Azerbaijan
2
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
vusale.cafarova@asoiu.edu.az

ZnO is one of the most significant II-VI semiconductors and has at-
tracted the research interest of many research groups because its large
exciton binding energy (60 meV) and a wide direct energy band gap (3.37
eV). ZnO has promising material for numerous applications in the fields of
optoelectronics and spin-based devices. ZnO nanocrystalline compounds
are attractive due to their fantastic physical properties, such as electronic,
optical, and magnetic. Doping with transition metal elements is one of the
most effective methods to obtain magnetic materials. The Ag-doped ZnO
system is of great interest due to its suitability for doping and the existence
of a ferromagnetic (FM) phase at room temperature. It was shown that
Ag-doped ZnO exhibited room-temperature ferromagnetism and half-me-
tallic behavior.
In this work, we studied the electronic and magnetic properties of de-
fected single-wall (6,0) chiral ZnO nanotubes using DFT method. For the
52
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Ag-doped ZnO NTs, the energy gap decreases with the impurity concen-
tration. The obtained total magnetic moment for SWZnONT systems is
equal to 1.001 μB. The main contribution to magnetization of systems
comes from 3 O atoms (̱0.77 μB), which are chemically bonded (CB) with
Ag. The insignificant positive contribution to the magnetization of systems
comes from other host oxygen atoms and the negligible negative contri-
bution from host zinc atoms. The local magnetic moment of an impurity
atom is ̱0.2 μB and ̱0.23 μB in d-states. The total energy calculations for
these systems show the stability of the ferromagnetic phase. In the case
of Ag doping and with Zn vacancy, the wide energy gap decrease and the
total magnetic moment of this system increase by ̱2 μB compared with
the free vacancy case. From first-principles calculations, show that Ag-
doped ZnO NT systems are semi-magnetic ferromagnetic materials, and it
is a promising candidate for spintronics device applications.

DEVELOPMENT OF SELECTIVE INHIBITORS FOR THE TUMOR-ASSOCIATED

CARBONIC ANHYDRASES
1*
Akdemir A., 2Demir-Yazıcı K., 2Trawally M., 2Guzel-Akdemir O.
1
Istinye University, Türkiye
2
Istanbul University, Türkiye
atilla.akdemir@istinye.edu.tr

Carbonic Anhydrases (CA) are structurally diverse metalloenzymes

that are involved in a simple but physiologically crucial chemical reaction,
which is the interconversion of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate ions. Nev-
ertheless, the enzymes play important roles in (patho)physiology, such as
the virulence of infectious agents and cancer. Especially, the human CA
isozymes IX and XII (hCA IX / hCA XII) are involved in the protection of can-
cer cells against their acidic microenvironment, which they create due to
the Warburg effect. In contract, hCA I and II are widely distributed in the
human body and are mainly involved in the maintenance of physiological
conditions. As such, the are considered off-targets.
Here we describe the development of selective inhibitors of the tu-
mor-associated hCA IX and XII isozymes, based on an unselective but po-
tent hCA enzyme inhibitor. Using in silico combinatorial chemistry, more
than 100.000 analogs were created that differ in the location of the sul-
fonamide group and contain additional functional groups at selected posi-
tion on the molecule.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Virtual screenings were performed using an ensemble docking proto-

col with subsequent rescorings to identify molecules that were expected
to bind with hCA IX and/or hCA XII. Afterwards, these identified com-
pounds were subject to a virtual screening with the same protocol, but
against hCA I and II cocrystal structures. Subsequently, all compounds ex-
pected to bind to hCA IX and/or hCA XII, but not to hCA I or hCA II were
selected for MD simulations to investigate their potential binding to hCA
IX and/or hCA XII.
Finally, the compounds expected to bind selectively and potently to
the tumor-associated hCA enzymes were synthesized and subsequently
tested in hCA I, II, IX and XII enzyme inhibition assays.
Using the described methodology, 57 compounds belonging to three
different scaffolds have been synthesized. The majority of these com-
pounds show intermediate to strong inhibition of hCA IX and/or XII com-
pared to the widely distributed off-targets hCA I and II.

ACOUSTIC METAMATERIALS FOR AERONAUTIC APPLICATIONS: A REVIEW

1,2*
Mamedov A.M., 1Ekmel Ozbay
1
Bilkent University, Türkiye
2
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
mamedov46@gmail.com

Acoustic metamaterials have emerged as a groundbreaking technol-

ogy with the potential to revolutionize the aeronautics industry. These
specially designed materials manipulate sound waves in unconventional
ways, enabling the development of lightweight, efficient, and high-perfor-
mance solutions for noise control, vibration reduction, and improved aero-
nautic systems. This investigation provides an overview of acoustic met-
amaterials and their promising applications in aeronautics. The review in-
cludes the next sections:

54
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Introduction
Acoustic metamaterials, a subset of metamaterials, offer innovative
solutions to address these issues. These materials are engineered to have
unique properties that enable precise control over sound waves.
Basics of Acoustic Metamaterials
Acoustic metamaterials are structured composites designed to ma-
nipulate sound propagation in unconventional ways. They consist of care-
fully engineered unit cells that can interact with sound waves and modify
their behavior. These unit cells are typically much smaller than the wave-
length of the acoustic waves, which allows for precise control over the
propagation of sound.
Applications in Aeronautics
Noise Control, Vibration Damping (vibrations in aircraft structures,
metamaterial-based vibration dampers can be designed to absorb and dis-
sipate energy, reducing the impact of vibrations on the airframe), Engine
Noise Reduction (Acoustic metamaterials can be incorporated into the de-
sign of engine components to minimize noise emissions without compro-
mising performance), Sonar and Radar Stealth (In addition to aeronautics,
acoustic metamaterials have applications in military aircraft. Metamateri-
als can be used to design stealth technologies that absorb or redirect in-
coming sonar or radar waves, making aircraft less detectable by enemy
systems), Challenges and Future Prospects (While acoustic metamaterials
offer promising solutions for aeronautic applications, several challenges
remain, including the development of cost-effective manufacturing tech-
niques and the integration of these materials into existing aircraft designs.
The future of aeronautics will likely involve ongoing research and develop-
ment to optimize the use of acoustic metamaterials for noise control, vi-
bration reduction, and overall system improvement).
Conclusion
Acoustic metamaterials have opened up exciting possibilities for the
aeronautics industry. These engineered materials have the potential to en-
hance passenger comfort, reduce noise pollution, and improve the effi-
ciency and environmental impact of aircraft. As research in this field con-
tinues, we can expect to see more innovative applications of acoustic met-
amaterials in the aerospace industry, leading to quieter, more efficient,
and more environmentally friendly air travel.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

JANUS MATERIALS: INDIRECT (Λ-Γ)-TO-INDIRECT (K-Γ) CROSSOVER

IN FEW MONOLAYER MoS2
1,2
Mamedov N.T.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan

The main trend in contemporary condensed ma er physics is related

to the development of quantum materials enabled to provide revolu on-
ary breakthroughs in technologies vitally important on a global scale. One
of such materials, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) exhibits tunable band gap
proper es and is considered a semiconduc ng alterna ve to metallic gra-
phene. Successful development of single- and few-layer MoS2 phototran-
sistors, photodetectors, solar cells, biosensors and many other devises
with promising parameters favors such posi oning of MoS2 and moves the
primary focus onto its ultrathin varie es.
MoS2 is o en referred to as Janus material, because of an indirect - to
- direct crossover in its one monolayer. However, li le progress is made so
far regarding the informa on about evolu on or transforma on of the in-
direct band gap in MoS2 containing more than one layer but s ll having
thickness at the nanoscale. The present work provides a new pla orm for
studying thickness-dependent band gap of such ultrathin MoS2 varie es;
theore cal considera on, together with direct experimental evidence for
indirect (Λ – Γ) - to - indirect (K - Γ) crossover upon thinning MoS2 thickness
down to a few layers is given.

REPULSION DRIVEN METALLIC PHASE IN THE GROUND STATE

OF THE HALF-FILLED T-T’ IONIC HUBBARD CHAIN
1
Rossini G.L., 2Japaridze G.I.
1
Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
2
Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia

An unusual metallic phase is argued to develop in the one dimensional

ionic Hubbard model, at half-filling and zero magnetization, at intermedi-
ate electron-electron repulsion U when second neighbors hopping is al-
lowed and tuned close to a topological Lifshitz transition (connected with
a change of the Fermi surface in the non-interacting system). The metallic
state lies between a band insulator phase at low repulsion and a correlated
(Mott-like) insulator phase at high repulsion. In approaching the later, the
56
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

model supports short range antiferromagnetic order and spontaneous di-

merization of both bond charge and nearest neighbors antiferromagnetic
correlations. A combi- nation of mean field and effective field theory
(bosonization) provides an analytical understanding of the physical pro-
cesses underlying the argued phase transitions. The ground and low en-
ergy ex- cited states of finite length chains are explored by density-matrix
renormalization-group (DMRG) calculations, providing numerical evidence
for the intermediate gapless phase. Such finite systems are attainable by
cold atoms in optical lattices for a wide range of the parameter U.

MONTE CARLO PREDICTIONS FOR AND ࣘ(1020)q and K* (892)q MESONS

PRODUCTION AT LHC ENERGIES IN HADRON-HADRON AND HEAVY ION
COLLISIONS

Yasir A.S.
COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
yasir_ali@comsats.edu.pk

In this analysis the results on the study of the K* (892)q and ߶(1020)q
mesons production in proton-proton collisions at ξ‫=ݏ‬7, 13 and 5.02 TeV,
and in heavy ion (Pb+Pb) collisions at ξ‫=ݏ‬5.02 TeV are presented. Trans-
verse momentum (pT) distributions of ߶ (1020)q and K* (892)q mesons are
reported in the ranges of of 0 < pT < 9 and 0 < pT < 6 GeV/c, respectively at
ξ‫=ݏ‬7 and 13 TeV.
The yields of K* (892)q and ߶(1020)q mesons are presented in proton-
proton and Pb–Pb collisions at ξ‫=ݏ‬5.02 TeV in the rapidity interval of |y|<
0.5 and in the transverse momentum range of 0 < pT < 20 GeV/c. EPOS-
LHC, EPOS−1.99 and PYTHIA8 simulation codes are used to produce the
required simulated distributions.
Nuclear modification factor RAA is also plotted at ξ‫=ݏ‬5.02 TeV. The
simulated distributions are compared with the ALICE experimental data.
PYTHIA8 gives good estimate of the ALICE as compared to EPOS-LHC and
EPOS 1.99. It seems that PYTHIA8 CR mode 2 best describes the ALICE both
at ξ‫=ݏ‬7 and 5.02 TeV. EPOS-LHC predictions are consistent with ALICE
data for ߶(1020)q at 5.02 TeV energy as obvious from RAA. Another good
quantitative analysis is provided by data to model rato.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

IR LASER-INDUCED ABLATIVE DEPOSITION OF POLYMER BASED

COMPOSITES

Gilev J.B.
Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Macedonia

IR laser-induced ablation of polymer composites is attracting particu-

lar attention due to the specific application of the resulting thin films. This
technique is promising in terms of the fabrication of polymers containing
polar groups that can serve as protective layers to different nano-bodies
(metals, metal chalcogenide’s, conductive polymer nanocomposites car-
bon-based nanofillers, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes and carbon
nanoribbons. This specific process occurs within a temperature jump and
is controlled by kinetic rather than thermodynamic polymer degradation.
It is feasible through multiple-photon absorption of energy-poor infrared
photons, which leads to high vibrational excitation density in the polymer
and high heating and cooling rates (respectively, ~106–11 and ~103–6Ks–1).
We have examined IR laser-induced ablative deposition with poly(vinyl ac-
etate) (PVAc), poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), poly(vinyl chloride-co-vinyl ace-
tate) P(VC/VAc), poly(vinyl acetate) loaded with Fe and Cu particles,
poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid)zinc salt (PEAZn), poly(phenylene ether-sul-
fone) (PES) to establish its specific features and differences from conven-
tional pyrolysis.
It was of interest to us to continue our previous effort on pulsed laser
ablation of polymer composites and we focused on composites from dif-
ferent type of carbon nanofillers incorporated into acrylic/methacrylic ma-
trices. Therefore, graphene nanoribbons, and mixture of graphene nano-
platelets were used. Graphene nanoribbons (GNR) are narrow strips of
graphene in one dimensional morphology with extraordinary properties,
owing to the large edges that offer numerous interfacial contact area to
the polymer phase in the composite materials. Consequently, minor
amount of GNR incorporated within polymer matrix, will not only rein-
forced mechanically and thermally the composite materials, but will sig-
nificantly expand their application potential, giving added value to the
cheap polymeric material. Herein, the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM)
gas sensing of the nanocomposites was investigated.
Polymerization in dispersed media was used as a green synthesis
method to produce for first time waterborne polymer/GNR nanocompo-
sites. The lack of aggregation during structuring of GNRs within the

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

polymer matrix and the established covalent bonding between the poly-
mer and GNRs phases were responsible for the observed strong mechani-
cal and thermal reinforcement of the nanocomposites. By exposure of the
nanocomposites to low concentrations of toxic gases (in a concentration
range of 70-1000 ppm), it was found that the sensors are characterized by
a large sensor response in short time, at room temperature and with very
good reproducibility in three investigated cycles of gas adsorption and de-
sorption. The excellent performance was attributed to the large functional
interface created between the GNRs and the polymer that offer numerous
adsorption sites, along with the composite morphology that provide avail-
ability of these sites to the gasses. The sensors have shown selectivity to-
wards NH3 rather than N2O and CO, likely, because the former interacted
with the composite materials by joint Wan der Waals forces and hydrogen
bonding, whereas the last two gasses interact exclusively by the van der
Waals interactions.

EARTH-ABUNDANT COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS FOR SOLAR

ENERGY CONVERSION
1,2*
Schorr S.
1
Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fuer Materialien und Energie, Germany
2
Freie Universitet Berlin, Institute of Geological Sciences, Germany
susan.schorr@helmholtz-berlin.de

The need of handling eco-friendly and cheap compound semiconduc-

tors in thin film photovoltaics (PV) has constantly pushed the research to-
wards more environmental friendly materials, such as Kesterite-type com-
pound semiconductors Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS), Cu2ZnSnSe4(CZTSe) and
Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)4 (CZTSSe). They present the only cri cal raw material (CRM)
free thin film PV technology with tunable band gap energy and excellent
long-term stability. The current record efficiency for CZTSSe solar cells of
14.9 % highlights the great poten al of this abundant chalcogenides to
support a sustainable energy transi on.
In record devices these absorber materials generally show a non-stoi-
chiometric composition which is possible due to a remarkable flexibility of
their crystal structure. This ability to accept deviations from stoichiometry
is correlated to the formation of intrinsic point defects. The formation of
such defects, like vacancies, ant-sites and interstitials, is driven thermo-
dynamically by minimizing the Gibbs free energy of the crystal. The key

59
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

issue for kesterite solar cells is the large open-circuit voltage deficit which
is caused by three main factors: (i) a non-homogeneous absorber compo-
sition resulting in bandgap fluctuations and formation of secondary
phases, (ii) structural disorder like Cu-Zn disorder or intrinsic point defects
causing strong band tailing and (iii) the multi-element composition and the
variable valence of Sn resulting in complicated defect properties.
The presentation will discuss the potential of point defect engineering
to optimize the key factors limiting the open circuit voltage of the potential
solar cell. Based on the off-stoichiometry type model correlating chemical
composition and occurring intrinsic point defects in these quaternary com-
pound semiconductors, a compositional region for high efficient devices
can be revealed. Changing the degree of Cu-Zn disorder varies the band
gap energy as well as the value of PLmax. The Cu-Zn disorder can be influ-
enced by a thermal annealing process nowadays technologically applied
as post-deposition treatment. Cu-Zn disorder can even be avoided by
changing the crystal structure by alloying CZTSe with Ag.
The presentation is based on our systematic experimental studies of
quaternary compound semiconductors applying advanced analytical
methods like neutron and synchrotron X-ray diffraction, photolumines-
cence and UV-Vis spectroscopy.

KNOCKING OUT OF NEUTRON BY THE PROTON FROM NUCLEUS

*
Abdulvahabova S.G., Bayramova T.O.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
sajida.gafar@gmail.com

The study of the cross sections of the knocking out nucleons provides
important information about the asymptotic behavior of the scattering
amplitude. During the interaction of the incident particle with nucleus, its
function is distorted. In this case, we are talking about those components
of the wave function for which the probability of interaction with the tar-
get is small, i.e. during the collision, only a small part of the target is excited
(an elastic collision with only one of its constituent particles). To do this, it
is necessary to use the "point" component of the wave function of the in-
cident particle.
In this paper, we consider processes knocking out of neutron by the
proton in the eikonal approximation with distorted waves. The high-en-
ergy or eikonal approximation is broad and consistent for describing

60
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

scattering in complex groups, like scattering in some optical continuum. In

this approximation, after the closure of the power, there is a closure of the
projection of the k-direction momentum: pk = const. This means that the
movement in the transverse directions is completely neglected. In addi-
tion, in this approximation, restrictions on any masses and coordinates of
particles are not collected, while both the final radius and the recoil are
calculated exactly. In the eikonal approximation, the cross section of any
process of interaction of a nucleon with a nucleus is expressed in terms of
the amplitude of the scattering of a nucleon by an individual nucleon. It is
also assumed that the scattering of a nucleon by any nucleon of the target
nucleus is not affected by the presence of other nucleons in the nucleus.
Therefore, the high-energy approximation can be used for angular distri-
butions of scattered particles.
It is assumed that the neutron is emitted at the same point where it
interacts with the proton. The need to introduce a finite interaction radius
for calculating exchange processes is more or less acceptable for calculat-
ing direct processes in reactions with the transfer of one particle. A char-
acteristic feature of the approximation used is the division of its method-
ological basis into two main parts. The first part relates to the theory of
nuclear reactions, since it consists in choosing an approximation for the
effective cross section that determines the reaction mechanism. The sec-
ond part relates to the theory of nuclear structure, which contains infor-
mation about the spectrum of the final nucleus.

SPECTRAL OBSERVATIONS OF THE SYMBIOTIC STAR AG PEGASI

1
Mikailov Kh.M., 2*Rustamova A.B., 1,2Rustamov B.N., 2Alekberov I.A.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory named after N. Tusi, Azerbaijan
aysel.rustemova@yahoo.com

The results of spectral observations of the symbiotic star AG Pegasi

(AG Peg) conducted at the Cassegrain focus of the 2-meter telescope of
the Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory named after N.Tusi by using the
Shamakhy Fiber Echelle Spectrograph (ShAFES) are presented. The spectra
of the star AG Peg were obtained with a spectral resolution of R = 28000
during the period of 2016-2019, in the wavelength range λ = 3900–7700
Å. Using the photometric database of variable stars AAVSO (American

61
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Association of Variable Star Observers), the light curve of the star AG Peg
was constructed for the period of our spectral observations. Based on the
AAVSO data for the period 1954-2022, a periodicity in the star's brightness
changes was identified, with a period of about 815 days. The behavior of
selected spectral lines in different phases of the orbital period of the AG
Peg binary system is described. For the analysis, we chose: emission lines
Hα, Hβ, HeI λ 5876 Å, and HeII λ 4686Å, as well as about 30 selected ab-
sorption lines of metals, in the spectrum region: 5000-8000 Å. Profiles of
the considered emission lines show strong variability, with a complex
structure - single-peaked, double-peaked, and intermediate between
them, and their variability, in general, does not show dependence on the
orbital period of the AG Peg binary system. The figure presents the de-
pendencies on the orbital period parameters of the AG Peg system: on the
top panel is the light curve in the R-magnitude; on the panels below are
the radial velocities of the absorption lines; on the two lower panels are
the ratios of the equivalent widths of the HeII λ 4686Å lines to Hβ, and the
temperature of the hot component of the system, calculated by the ratio
of the equivalent widths of the HeII λ 4686Å lines to Hβ. As seen from the
figure, the change in the considered parameters of the symbiotic star AG
Peg satisfactorily agrees with the period we found for the star's brightness
change.

Fig. 1. Dependencies of the orbital

period on the parameters of the
AG Peg system (see text).

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

STUDY OF THE ASSOCIATIVE PRODUCTION OF THE HIGGS BOSON WITH

THE Z-BOSON USING MVA METHODS

Ahmadov F.N.
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia
fahmadov@jinr.ru

After the discovery of the Higgs boson in experiments at the LHC, its
mass was measured to be 125 GeV. With such a mass, the probability of
its decay into bb is greater than the sum of the probabilities of all other
decay channels. Therefore, this channel makes a great contribution to the
study of the Higgs boson.
To study the Higgs boson in the bb decay channel, a more suitable
production channel is associative production with a vector boson. Since
the decay of the Higgs boson into a pair of b-quarks was observed for the
first time in this production channel. Therefore, we can say with confi-
dence that the VH(bb) (V is Z or W) process is one of the most important
channels for studying the properties of the Higgs boson.
Theoretical and experimental data can be analyzed using different
methods. Currently, a more promising method is the Multivariate Analysis
method (MVA). The MVA method itself is divided into a large number of
submethods or algorithms. Two of them that are widely used in high en-
ergy physics are Neural Networks (NN) and Boosted Decision Tree (BDT).
In the work, these methods were used to separate the signal from the
background and the results obtained from them were compared.
The list of input variables for BDT or NN is similar to those used in the
analysis in the ATLAT experiment. Up to 0.4 million signals and the same
number of background events were used for training. The settings used in
the ATLAS analysis, which has the best performance, were chosen to tune
the BDT hyperparameters. Various number of events (2K, 5K, 10K, 0.1M,
0.2M and 0.4M) are trained and different settings for NN are obtained,
providing performance that exceeds that of BDT. It turns out that for any
number of training events, it is possible to find corresponding NN settings
with better performance than BDT. The only problem with NN training is
that it is computationally intensive compared to BDT.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

TEMPERATURES OF THE CENTRAL STARS OF PLANETARY NEBULAE

NGC 2392, NGC 1535, NGC 3242, IC 418

*Alili A.H., Alisheva K.I., Mikailov Kh.M.

Baku State University, Azerbaijan
aliliaynura@bsu.edu.azı; kamalaalisheva@bsu.edu.az

Central stars of PN (CSPN) are difficult to study because of their faint-

ness in the visible (due to their high temperature) and the contamination
of their spectra by nebular emissions. CSPN undergo considerable changes
in temperature over their short lifetimes. The temperatures of the CSPN
are considered an important quantity that directly characterizes their evo-
lution. In this study, according to the HeII line calculated the Zanstra tem-
peratures of the central stars of 4 planetary nebulae. For this purpose, by
processing the spectra of these nebulae taken from the European South-
ern Observatory's archive from the observation, was determined the flux
in the He_4686 radiation line – F (4686). Then considering absorption in the
interstellar medium was calculated according to the following known
‫ܨ‬ሺͶ͸ͺ͸ሻ௧௛௘௢௥Ǥ formula
‫ܨ‬ሺͶ͸ͺ͸ሻ௧௛௘௢௥Ǥ
݈݃ ൌ ͳǡͷʹ‫ܧ‬஻ି௏ (1)
‫ܨ‬ሺͶ͸ͺ͸ሻ௢௕௦௘௥௩Ǥ
here ‫ܧ‬஻ି௏ is an excess of color. Then the temperatures of the central stars
according to the HeII line according to the Zanstra method calculated by
the following known expression:
‫ܨ‬ሺͶ͸ͺ͸ሻΤ‫ܨ‬ఒሺ௩௜௦ሻ ൌ ͺǡͶͻ‧ͳͲିଵଵ ܶ ଷ ‫ܩ‬ସ ሺܶሻൣ݁ ଶ଺଺ହ଴Τ் െ ͳ൧ൣ%൧ (2)
‫ܨ‬ఒሺହସହ଴ሻ – ݉௩ visual is a flood of radiation in the visible region of the spec-
trum determined by star size:
‫ܨ‬ఒ ൌ ͵ǡ͸ͺ‧ͳͲିଽ ‧ͳͲି௠ೡ Τଶǡହ ൣ݁‫݃ݎ‬Ȁ൫ܿ݉ଶ ‧‫‧ݏ‬%൯൧Ǥ
(2) included in the expression ‫ܩ‬ସ ሺܶሻ is calculated as following:
ஶ
‫ܩ‬ସ ሺܶሻ ൌ න ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ሺ݁ ௫ െ ͳሻିଵ ݀‫ݔ‬Ǥ (3)
௛Qర Τ௞்
ߥସ െ It is the limit of the main series of HeII, the energy of this quantum is
sufficient to ionize a single layer of ionized helium. In (3) – replaced the
integral with the sum, in (2) taking into account the temperature was de-
termined by the method of successive approximation. Archieved results
are given in table 1. In column 4 of the table has given the magnitudes of
the nebulae, in the 5 columns are given the values of the temperatures

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

that we calculated, and at the last column shows the grades received by
other authors.

Table 1.
PN ۴ሺ૝૟ૡ૟ሻǡൈ ૚૙ି૚૚ E(B--V) V ࡲሺ૝૟ૡ૟ሻ࢚ࢎࢋ࢕࢘Ǥ Ȁ۴ૃ T(HeII) T
NGC 2392 46,5 0,09 9,68 993,675 87184 78000
NGC 1535 0,48 0,02 12,82 179,529 70627 76000
NGC 3242 6,17 0,05 12,15 1252,450 90014 90000
IC 418 0,14 0,2 9,01 1,718 46356 38000

PROMPT PHOTON PRODUCTION IN BREMSSTRAHLUNG

AT NICA ENERGIES
1*
Alizada M.R., 1Ahmadov A.I., 2Arbuzov A.B.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia
mohsunalizade@gmail.com

With energy ranging from 1.5 GeV to several 1 GeV, prompt photons
from proton-proton collisions provide data on the development of the
quark-gluon phase, the distribution of partons in nucleons, and the testing
of perturbative QCD (pQCD). Prompt photons are produced by the hard
scattering of partons in protons, as well as by Compton scattering of quark-
gluon, annihilation of quark-antiquark pair, bremsstrahlung of quarks, and
other processes. At LHC energies, pQCD in leading order (LO) and next-to-
leading order (NLO), is used to characterize these processes
The differential cross-section of bremsstrahlung ‫ ݍݍ‬՜ ‫ ߛݍݍ‬has been
determined without and taking into account of longitudinal polarization of
colliding particles. The dependence of differential cross section of brems-
strahlung process on the energy of the colliding particles ξ‫ݏ‬, the trans-
verse momentum pT, the cosine of the scattering angle Cos(θ), the rapidity
y of photon and xT has been investigated. Double spin asymmetry of pro-
cess of bremsstrahlung has been studied. The contributions of Compton
quark-gluon scattering, annihilation of quark-antiquark pair, and brems-
strahlung to prompt photon production has been compared.
The dependencies of process of bremsstrahlung on on the energy of
the colliding particles ξ‫ݏ‬, the transverse momentum pT, the cosine of the
scattering angle cos(θ), the rapidity y of photon and xT less than the de-
pendencies of processes of Compton scattering of quark-gluon and

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

annihialtion of quark-antiquark pair on on the energy of the colliding par-

ticles ξ‫ݏ‬, the transverse momentum pT, the cosine of the scattering angle
Cos(θ), the rapidity y of photon and xT.
The contribution of bremsstrahlung to the total differential cross-sec-
tion of the process of production of the prompt photon is 0.03% of the
total differential cross-section. The contribution of Compton scattering
quark-gluon, and annihilation of quark-antiquark pair to the total differen-
tial cross-section of the process of production of the prompt photon is
large and make up more than 50% and 40%, correspondingly of the total
differential cross-section.
Polarization of the colliding particle little affects the bremsstrahlung
process and strong affects the annihilation of quark-antiquark pair pro-
cess. Effect of polarization to annihilation and bremsstrahlung process is
different.
The double spin asymmetry ALL of process decreases at λ1λ2<0 and in-
creases at λ1λ2>0 with increasing value of transverse momentum pT and
reaches the plateau.

f2(1270) TENSOR MESON COUPLING CONSTANT FROM

THE HARD-WALL AdS/QCD
1*
Hashimli Z.I., 1,2,3Mamedov S.A.
1
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
2
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
3
Khazar University, Azerbaijan
z.hashimli21@gmail.com

Using the AdS/QCD hard-wall model, we study the ݂ଶ ሺͳʹ͹Ͳሻ tensor

meson-nucleon-nucleon coupling (݃௙మ୒୒ ).
The extension of the Lagrangian in ͷ‫ ܦ‬space-time is the interaction
Lagrangian between the fermionic fields ܰ and the bulk tensor ݄ெே . To
achieve this, we need to build the second term in [1] in a hermitian way
and substitute the covariant derivatives of the nucleon field for the partial
derivative
‫ܮ‬௙ହ஽
మ ேே
ൌ ʹ݅߰ത൫Ȟ ெ ി
‫׏‬ே ൅ Ȟ ே ി
‫׏‬ெ ൯݄߰ெே ൅
൅Ͷሺ߰ ା Ȟ ଴ ‫׏‬ெ ‫׏‬ே ߰ ൅ ሺ߰ା Ȟ ଴ ‫׏‬ெ ‫׏‬ே ߰ሻା ሻ݄ெே Ǥ
Eventually, the following interaction Lagrangian allows us to

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

formulate the 5D action ܵ ହ஽ ൌ ‫ ݀ ׬‬ହ ‫ܮ ݔ‬௙ହ஽మ ேே

. We use the Fourier trans-
forms of the nucleon and tensor fields for expressing the action in momen-
tum space after decomposing these fields down into Kaluza-Klein modes.
ሺଵሻ ሺଶሻ
We determine the coupling constants ݃௙మேே and ݃௙మ ேே for the inter-
action between the tensor meson and the ground state nucleon by com-
paring the equation with four-dimensional action. We found the following
integral representations for these couplings in the HW model:
ሺଵሻுௐ ‫ܯ‬௡ ௭೘ ͳ ଶ ଶ
݃௙మேே ൌ න ݀‫ ݖ‬ସ ቀ൫‫ܨ‬௅ுௐ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ൯ ൅ ൫‫ܨ‬ோுௐ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ൯ ቁ ݄ுௐ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ ൌ ͳǤͲ͸
ʹ ଴ ‫ݖ‬
ሺଶሻுௐ ‫ܯ‬௡ଶ ௭೘ ͳ ଶ ଶ
݃௙మேே ൌ න ݀‫ ݖ‬ହ ቀ൫‫ܨ‬௅ுௐ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ൯ െ ൫‫ܨ‬ோுௐ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ൯ ቁ ݄ுௐ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ ൌ ͲǤʹ͵Ǥ
ʹ ଴ ‫ݖ‬
The profile functions of the tensor meson [2] and the fermion field [3]
in left- and right-chirality are represented by ݄ுௐ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻǡ ‫ܨ‬௅ுௐ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ and
‫ܨ‬ோுௐ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ.

ON THE DIRECT CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN THE TRIGONOMETRIC

PÖSCHL-TELLER POTENTIAL WALL AND THE QUANTUM SINGULAR
OSCILLATOR WITH THE POSITION-DEPENDENT MASS

Nagiyev Sh.M., *Jafarov E.I.

Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
shakir.m.nagiyev@gmail.com

The position-dependent mass concept is one of the successfully de-

veloped directions of modern quantum mechanics during the last dec-
ades. Their main attractivity is due to two important reasons: the first rea-
son is that they have a huge number of applications for an explanation of
the electronic structures of the various solid-state heterostructures thanks
to the possibility of introducing the confinement effect successfully
through the position-dependent mass; the second reason is related with
the certain analytical expressions of the mass varying with position, which
leads to the exact solutions of the corresponding Schrödinger equation. All
obtained analytical solutions of the Schrödinger equation can reproduce
correctly the known similar quantum mechanical systems if one manages
to remove the confinement effect and return the position-dependent
mass to its constant or homogeneous analogue.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Recently, we have developed the quantum singular oscillator model

with the position-dependent mass. It is well known that the singular oscil-
lator has exact solutions in the framework of non-relativistic quantum me-
chanics. Its wavefunctions of the stationary states are expressed through
the generalized Laguerre polynomials and the energy spectrum exhibits
close similarity with the non-relativistic quantum harmonic oscillator – it
is equidistant and consists of an infinite number of energy levels. At the
same time, the trigonometric Pöschl-Teller potential well is also one of the
exactly solvable problems of the one-dimensional non-relativistic quan-
tum mechanics. It also has an energy spectrum with similar behavior to
the non-relativistic quantum harmonic oscillator energy spectrum,
whereas, its wavefunctions of the stationary states are expressed through
the Jacobi polynomials. In this presentation, we are going to show that the
quantum singular oscillator with certain analytical position dependencies
on its mass and the trigonometric Pöschl-Teller potential well problem of
the non-relativistic quantum mechanics can be directly connected through
the elegant mathematical transform tool between both of their exact so-
lutions.

COULD QUARK STARS BE A SOURCE OF ULTRA-HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS?

Suleymanov M.K.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan

Cosmic rays are vital carriers of information about the creation and
evolution of the Universe. However, the origin of cosmic rays with ultra-
high energies (>1017 eV), whether galactic or extragalactic, remains a mys-
tery. In our paper, we investigate whether dense quark matter—quark-
gluon plasma, potentially formed in the centers of neutron stars or Quark
Stars (QS), could be a source of these ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. These
stars typically emerge from supernova explosions. QS, in particular, are
more likely candidates for being the source of ultra-high-energy cosmic
rays, although for a long time, they remained unobserved. Only 2-3 exper-
imental observations have been mentioned, none of which were con-
firmed. However, a recent study proposed that the low-mass companion
of the black hole in GW190814 might be a strange quark star. This hypoth-
esis fits within the 'two-families' scenario, where neutron stars and strange
quark stars coexist. In this scenario, strange QS can achieve the mass range

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

indicated by GW190814, M‫(׽‬2.5–2.67) Mٖ, due to a high adiabatic in-

dex, without requiring a velocity of sound near the causal limit. In contrast,
neutron stars (or hyperonic stars in the two-families scenario) can meet
current astrophysical and nuclear physics constraints, suggesting a softer
equation of state. This framework accommodates both the requirements
of large stellar masses and small radii with realistic, physically motivated
equations of state. It also allows for a radius of a 1.4 Mٖ star to be 11 km
or less, unachievable with a singular family of compact stars.
My talk will explore one potential source of ultra-high-energy cosmic
particles. I propose that the dense quark-gluon plasma, with a density sig-
nificantly greater than that of normal nuclear matter and formed in QS,
could generate these ultra-high-energy particles. Results from the RHIC and
LHC experiments on ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions suggest that the
matter produced in such collisions expands rapidly, displaying collective be-
havior indicative of an early parton stage in the space-time evolution of the
hot, dense matter. This behavior could lead to the formation of a coherent
group of partons. A collision between a parton and a coherent parton group,
similar to a photon colliding with a high-energy electron, could result in the
parton gaining energy through the inverse Compton effect, thereby accel-
erating without an external field. This mechanism, potentially occurring in
QS, might be a novel source of ultra-high-energy particles.

࣊ MESON-઱ BARYON COUPLING CONSTANT IN THE HARD-WALL

AdS/QCD MODEL
1,2*Taghiyeva Sh.I., 1,3Mamedov Sh.A.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory named after N. Tusi, Azerbaijan
3
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
shahnazilgarzade@gmail.com, sh.mamedov62@gmail.com

We define coupling constant between ߨ meson ȭbaryon using hard

wall in AdS/QCD model which based on AdS/CFT correspondence.
The action for the bulk interaction is defined as:

ܵ ൌ න ݀ ହ ‫ݔ‬ඥ݃ ࣦ௜௡௧ ǡ (1)

where ࣦ௜௡௧ is the Lagrangian of the interaction and is defined as below:
ࣦ௜௡௧ ൌ െ݃௒ ሾ‫ܤ‬തଵ ܺ‫ܤ‬ଶ ൅ ‫ܤ‬തଶ ܺ ା ‫ܤ‬ଵ ሿ. (2)

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

We can determine the generating function in the bulk theory in the

AdS space using (1) action expression. It is known from the holographic
principle that this generating function is identified with the generating
function of the boundary theory. Then we can find the vacuum value of
the baryon current in the QCD by taking the variation from that generating
function. We find the coupling constant between the π meson- ȭ baryon
comparing obtained current with the current in four-dimensional space as
follows:
௭ ௗ௭
݃గିஊǤ ൌ ‫׬‬଴ ೘ ௭ ఱ ‫ݒ‬ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻܲగ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ݃௒ ሺ݂ଵோ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ݂ଶ௅ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ െ ݂ଵ௅ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ݂ଶோ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻሻ. (3)
Here ܲగ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ and ݂ଵǡଶோǡ௅ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ are profile functions correspondingly for
pion and octet baryon fields, and ‫ݒ‬ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ is expressed for ȭoctet baryon as
below:
‫ݒ‬ఀ௦ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ ൌ ʹܿଶ ‫ݒ‬௨ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ ൅ ሺܿଶ െ ܿଵ ሻ‫ݒ‬௦ ሺ‫ݖ‬ሻ. (4)
The numerical value of the π meson- ȭbaryon was obtained by calcu-
lating the (3) integral expression using the “MATHEMATICA 9” package.
The obtained result was compared by light cone QCD sum rule and chiral
soliton model.

SINGULARITY ATTENUATION IN GENERAL RELATIVITY WITH QUANTIZED

FUNDAMENTAL METRIC
1*
Tawfik A., 2Dabash T., 3Alshehri A.
1
Future University in Egypt, Egypt
2
Tanta University, Egypt
3
Hafr Elbaten University, KSA
a.tawfik@fue.edu.eg

In the most reliable solutions to Einstein's field equations (EFE), the

Einstein–Gilbert–Straus (EGS) metric, the space and initial singularities are
reexamined. In discretized Finsler geometry, additional curvatures and
thereby geometric structures emerge. The resulting generalized funda-
mental tensor applies quantum-mechanically revisions to the Landau--
Raychaudhuri evolution equations. The timelike geodesic congruence in
EGS metric is then analyzed. The evolution of a family of trajectories whose
congruence is defined by flow lines generated by velocity fields is deter-
mined, analytically and numerically. We conclude that both types of sin-
gularities seem to be attenuated or even regulate.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

APPLICATION OF THE DISTORED-WAVE APPROXIMATION TO THE

ELECTRON’S SCATTERING ON THE ATOMS

Mirabutalibov M.M., *Aliyeva M.B.

Azerbaijan State University Oil and Industry, Azerbaijan
mina.aliyeva.b@asoiu.edu.az

Differential section of elastic scattering of electrons, obtained in the

distorted-wave approximation, is calculated on the basis of the proposed
mathematical method. The electron density distribution in the atom is
chosen as a function calculated in the Dirac-Hartree-Fock-Slater approxi-
mation, which is superposition of the spherically symmetric Yukawa po-
tential. The differential cross section of scattering of the electrons with the
energies 25 eV were calculated for 79Au atom. The obtained theoretical
calculations of the cross sections were compared with the experimental
data. Besides, the proposed mathematical method simplifies the calcula-
tion of integral expressions and makes it possible to obtain a convenient
and simple expression for the atomic form factor. Data on the scattering
cross sections of electrons on atoms are of considerable interest both in
the field of fundamental science for in-depth study of interaction pro-
cesses and in practical applications, and are necessary in many areas of
research, such as modeling low-temperature plasma, astrophysics phe-
nomena, laser physics, and atmospheric effects. etc. In addition to natural
phenomena, the processes of collision of electrons with matter play an
essential role in plasma technologies, such as, for example, microelectron-
ics and biomedicine. Atomic physics, plasma physics and optics – fields di-
rectly related to electron-atom make a significant contribution to the fun-
damental understanding of the world. Despite the long study of the effects
of electron scattering on atoms, and the results obtained in the physics of
atomic collisions, this area still requires theoretical and experimental re-
search, there is a significant lack of data on collision cross sections for their
subsequent use in modeling and calculations. In particular, there are no
systematized data on the cross sections for elastic scattering of high en-
ergy electrons by atom.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

SYNTHESIS OF NICKEL NANOPARTICLES WITH MAGNETIC PROPERTIES

USING THE CARBOTHERMY METHOD
1*
Bohatyrenko V.A., 2Kamenskyh D.S., 2Tkachenko T.V., 2Khimach N.Y.
1
Dragomanov Ukrainian State University, Ukraine
2
V.P.Kukhar Institute Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Ukraine
vitabog@gmail.com

Recently, there has been a significant increase in interest in the crea-

tion of simple methods for obtaining nanoparticles of Ni and some other
transition metals that are stable in an oxidizing atmosphere, which is due
to the possibility of using them in modern composite materials and, first
of all, as carriers of catalytic activity. The complexity of this task is due to
the fact, that highly dispersed metallic Ni is easily oxidized and it is neces-
sary to take additional measures to prevent the oxidation of Ni-nano-
materials. Solving the problems of the synthesis of composite materials
based on nickel, as well as its compounds (hydroxides and oxohydroxides),
may allow replacing metals of the platinum group, which are used in vari-
ous energy electrochemical processes, which, in turn, will contribute to
the viability of the corresponding technologies.
Currently, many methods of obtaining Ni-nanomaterials are known, for
example, well-known methods based on chemical and electrochemical dep-
osition, sol-gel synthesis, new methods of hydrothermal, microwave, and
sonochemical synthesis. The work used a combined method, where at the
first stage the β-modification of nickel hydroxide was precipitated from
aqueous solutions of nickel salts under the influence of magnesium. The β-
phase is structurally similar to brucite and consists of ordered columns of
oriented octahedral layers of Ni(OH)2 (Fig. 1 B), which do not contain addi-
tional particles. At the next stage, restorative thermal firing was carried out

Fig. 1. Diffractogram of the magnetic powder of nickel nanoparticles stabilized by the cotoite
phase (A); SEM image of β-Ni(OH)2 – а precursor of soft magnetic powder synthesis Ni (B)

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

using the carbothermic method under conditions of lack of oxygen and at a

temperature of 900 0C made it possible to obtain a non-pyrophoric highly
dispersed nickel powder with the properties of a soft magnetic material,
stabilized by the kotoite phase, Fig. 1 A.
The studied method of synthesis combines simplicity of execution
with the possibility of obtaining a target product with properties that allow
it to be used as a component of various functional composite materials.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF VSi2-SiC NANOCOMPOSITE

POWDERS
Dondash D.O.
Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Türkiye
didemovali@osmaniye.edu.tr

Ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTCs) are being studied to find new

materials that could be used in high-speed transportation vehicles and
power plants. This is necessary since there is a demand for materials that
can function in an environment with high levels of oxidation at tempera-
tures as extreme as 2000°C. Today, notable high-temperature structural ma-
terials include composites based on SiC and Si3N4, oxide ceramics, and SiC-
coated carbon/carbon composites. Moreover, recent research has focused
on investigating transition metal silicides as structural ceramic materials,
primarily because of their exceptional resistance to oxidation and corrosion,
as well as their impressive mechanical abilities under high temperatures.
The present investigation employed a hybrid approach of mechano-
chemical and purifying techniques to obtain VSi2-SiC nanoparticles. The
experiment uses V2O5, Si, Mg, and C powders exhibiting a high level of pu-
rity as initial materials. An investigation was conducted to grasp the reac-
tion process by varying the milling duration and starting initial powder
quantities. The X-ray diffraction technique was utilized to identify the
phases that formed during the reaction and those that were subsequently
purified. The morphological characteristics of the produced powders were
examined using scanning and transmission electron microscopy techni-
ques. The findings indicate that VSi2-SiC particles were produced along
with another stoichiometry of vanadium silicides (V3Si5). The intended re-
action instantly occurred within a milling period of 10 minutes. The aver-
age particle size of the resulting powders was less than 200 nm.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

PREPARATION OF GO/AGNWS NANOCOMPOSITE AND INVESTIGATION

OF THE EFFECT OF SULFIDATION AND ITS STRUCTURE AND OPTICAL
CHARACTERISTICS

*Baghirov M.A., Muradov M.B., Eyvazova G.M., Mammadyarova S.J., Ahmadov X.I.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
bmbaghir@gmail.com

The composite material consisting of Graphene Oxide (GO) and Silver

Nanowires (AgNWs) has garnered significant attention in recent research.
These composites exhibit noteworthy characteristics including photonic
stability, plasmonic resonance, high surface energy, and biocompatibility.
A key feature is the utilization of AgNWs, which possess a one-dimensional
structure and are enveloped by GO sheets. This arrangement acts as a
scaffold, enhancing the material's electrical conductivity and mechanical
flexibility. Additionally, the positioning of AgNWs amidst the GO sheets
prevents aggregation, and their separation eliminates issues associated
with wire contact. Consequently, these composites find application in gen-
erating thin layers with exceptional electrical conductivity, addressing
challenges encountered in solar cells and sensors.
In the conducted study, GO synthesized modified Hummer’s method
and AgNWs synthesized via the polyol approach were combined and
treated with ultrasound for 20 minutes. The resulting mixture
(GO/AgNWs) was filtered, dried at 60°C, and exposed to H2S gas.
Structural analysis was performed using an X-ray diffractometer, re-
vealing distinctive peaks at 2ϴ=11.09° and 42.06° corresponding to GO,
and peaks at 2ϴ=38.33°, 44.51°, 64.63°, and 77.58° representing AgNWs
in the composite. Following sulfidation, the peaks related to AgNWs van-
ished, and new peaks corresponding to Ag2S (2ϴ=28.92°, 32.34°, 57.59°)
emerged. Additionally, the distance between GO sheets increased from
d=80 nm to d=84 nm after sulfidation. This augmentation is attributed to
the expanded surface area of AgNWs situated between the GO sheets due
to sulfidation, leading to an increased gap between the GO sheets.
Furthermore, UV-Vis spectra of both the initial and sulfidized samples
were acquired to assess changes in the band gap. The band gap of the
GO/AgNWs composite was determined to be Eg=2.25 eV, whereas after
sulfidation, this value decreased to Eg=2.00 eV. This reduction in the band
gap is indicative of altered electronic properties in the composite material
following the sulfidation process.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Fig. 1. XRD diffractogram for a) GO, b) GO/AgNWs, c) GO/AgNWs+H2S

NANOPARTICLE FABRICATION OF GEBİ2TE4 VAN DER WAALS COMPOUND

VIA THE BALL-MILLING METHOD
1*
Mehtiyeva Kh. Z., 1,2 Amiraslanov I. R., 1,2Aliev Z. S.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
xatira.mehtiyeva@bsu.edu.az

Layered van der Waals compounds containing group 14 p-metals (Ge,

Sn, Pb) in combination with pnictogens (Sb, Bi) have attracted considera-
ble attention as quantum materials for their topological quantum states
and excellent thermoelectric properties in recent years. Topological Insu-
lators (TI) are a newly discovered topological state of quantum matter and
their surface features an odd number of relativistic Dirac fermions. There
are insulators in the bulk but show metallic conduction at the surface due
to well-defined topological surface states. Their unique spin-oriented
properties open up new opportunities for the realization of exotic devices
having potential applications in quantum computing, spintronics, topo-
tronics, etc. Manipulating TIs at the nanoscale enhances their quantum
effects, making them promising candidates for spintronics, where they can
facilitate efficient charge and spin transport, enabling advancements in
low-power consumption devices and quantum information processing.
Herein, we report the nanoparticle fabrication of GeSb2Te4 compound
via ball-milling technology based on “top-down” principle. The GeSb2Te4

75
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

single crystal used for raw materials was grown by the Bridgman method.
Prior to nanofabrication, the single crystal was checked by XRD technique
to test its quality. The typical and high-intensity diffraction peaks con-
firmed its high crystallinity and lack of any trace of the second phase. The
nanofabrication was performed in an 80-mL WC bowl with 15 mm diame-
ter balls, with milled time ranges from 1 hour up to 20h. The nanoparticle
sizes were measured for each 5h. The ball-to-material ratio was 30:1 while
the milling speed was kept at 450 rpm. In order to avoid particles over-
heating inside, the milling process was intermittently paused every 30
minutes for 10 minutes.
The crystallite size was determined by analyzing the powder XRD pat-
terns displayed in Figure 1. The comparison of the diffraction lines for the
ball-milled material with the single-crystalline one displays significant ex-
pansions. These expansions arise both from decreasing the crystalline size
and the introduction of lattice strain induced by the ball-milling process.
The average crystallite size in this study was calculated using the Scherrer
equation.

Fig. 1. XRD patterns for hand-milled and ball-milled GeSb2Te4

In conclusion, if we compare the crystallite size for the hand-milled

powder and 20h-milled one (Fig. 1) we can say that the ball-milling tech-
nique for the nanoparticle fabrication of the layered GeSb2Te4 compound
works well and this technique can be applied successfully for the other
layered quantum materials.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

GRAPHENE OXIDE-POLYVINYL ALCOHOL NANOFIBROUS COMPOSITES:

ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
1
Khanmamadova E.A., 1Abaszade R.G., 2Jafarov M.A., 3*Safarov R.Y.
1
Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Azerbaijan
2
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
3
French-Azerbaijani University, Azerbaijan
elmira.xanmammadova@asoiu.edu.az

Graphene oxide-polyvinyl alcohol (GO-PVS) nanofiber composites

represent an attractive combination of materials science and physics.
These advanced materials perfectly combine the remarkable properties of
graphene oxide (GO) with the versatile and biophysical properties of poly-
vinyl alcohol (PVA). The synergistic interaction of these components has
generated great interest in the fields of materials science and physics. This
review highlights the complex manufacturing processes, unique proper-
ties, and rigorous electrical analyzes used to explore the fascinating world
of GO-PVA nanofiber composites at the intersection of materials science
and physics.

EFFECTS OF Se/(Sn+Zn+Sn) RATIO ON THE PROPERTIES OF SINGLE-STEP

ELECTRODEPOSITED Cu2ZnSnSe4 THIN FILMS
1,2*
El Otmani R., 4El Khouja O., 1El Manouni A., 4GALCA A.C., 2,3Almaggoussi A.
1
Hassan II University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Morocco
2
Cadi Ayyad University, Morocco
3
Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Morocco
4
National Institute of Materials Physics, Romania
elotmani.rokaya@gmail.com

This study investigates the influence of the Se/(Sn+Zn+Sn) ratio on the

properties of Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) thin films synthesized via a simple and
cost-effective electrodeposition technique. The Se/(Sn+Zn+Sn) ratios were
systematically adjusted within the range of 0.01 to 0.09 without the need
for selenization. The research explores how these ratios affect the struc-
tural, morphological, and optical characteristics of the films.
X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the formation of a kesterite crystal
structure, with the degree of preferred orientation varying depending on
the Se/(Sn+Zn+Sn) ratio. Raman spectroscopy analysis confirmed the
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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

characteristic peaks of CZTSe films. Interestingly, films deposited with a

Cu/(Zn+Sn) ratio of 0.09 exhibited the presence of ZnSe as a secondary
phase. Scanning electron microscopy observations indicated changes in
grain size, uniformity, and surface morphology as the Se/(Sn+Zn+Sn) ratio
was adjusted. Furthermore, UV-visible spectroscopy measurements sho-
wed variations in the bandgap energy and absorption coefficient, signifying
changes in the optical properties with different Se/(Sn+Zn+Sn) ratios. Nota-
bly, the bandgap decreased with an increase in the Se/(Sn+Zn+Sn) ratio.
These findings offer valuable insights into the significant role played
by the Se/(Sn+Zn+Sn) ratio in shaping the properties of CZTSe thin films.
The results underscore the potential to tailor the structural, morphologi-
cal, and optical characteristics, with a ratio of 0.01 revealing well-struc-
tured morphology, nearly stoichiometric composition, and an optimal
bandgap of 1.5 eV, making it an attractive option for efficient solar cell
absorption.

INTERACTION OF α-In2Se3 CRYSTALS WITH 4-AMINOPYRIDINE

1
Rahimli A.B., 1.2Aliev Z.S., 1.2*Amiraslanov I.R.
1
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
2
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
iamiraslan@gmail.com

Indium selenide (α-In2Se3) is a compound semiconductor with a vari-

ety of applications, due to its unique electrical, optical, and structural
properties. Since 1966, a number of papers have been dedicated to the
synthesis and structural analysis of In2Se3 crystals.
This report is devoted to the synthesis of a new complex compound
formed during the intercalation attempt of α-In2Se3 crystals with 4-amino-
pyridine (4AP) molecules. 4AP molecules cause the formation of new in-
tercalation crystals as a result of their interaction with InGaS3, FePS3 and
other layered crystals. Therefore, we thought that a new intercalation
crystal would be formed from the interaction of 4AP with layered α-In2Se3
crystals. But the interaction of 4AP molecules with α-In2Se3 crystals causes
more serious changes and leads to the formation of a new yellow complex
compound (Fig. 1,a). Our research showed that this reaction occurs at a
temperature of 200~250º C, as a result of solid-liquid interaction, that is,
after the 4-AP crystals melt.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

The diffraction spectrum was studied to obtain information about the

structure of this new yellow compound (Fig. 2). It was found that YC is a
homogeneous crystalline substance and is characterized by the following
orthorhombic unit cell: s.g. C2221, a=25.008(4), b=10.414(2), c=3.907(1).
SEM EDS analysis and thermogravimetric analysis were performed to de-
termine the composition. The latter confirm the composition of In2Se3 ·
2C5H6N2 for YC (Fig. 1,b).

a) b)

Fig. 1. Original α-In2Se3 crystals (black regions) and the its interaction with 4-AP (yellow
regions) (a); EDS analysis of the yellow substance (b).

Fig. 2. The diffraction pattern of the yellow powder of interaction α-In2Se3 with 4AP.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

MICRO-PIXEL HIGH Z SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS AS IMAGING

DETECTORS
*
Guliyev E., Hamzayeva R.
Redlen Technologies Inc., Canada
elmaddin.guliyev@redlen.com

High atomic number and wide band gap semiconductor materials

have gained increasing popularity over the past decade. This surge in in-
terest can be attributed to their remarkable performance at room temper-
ature, their capacity to endure sustained exposure to high photon flux, and
their ability to facilitate the fabrication of small pixel sizes while maintain-
ing reasonable energy resolution and rapid response times.
In the realm of radiation detection, compounds utilizing Cadmium
Zinc Telluride (CZT) have emerged as favored solutions. CZT-based detec-
tors are gaining prominence due to their exceptional detection efficiency,
their capability to operate at room temperature, and their proven reliabil-
ity in compact detection systems utilized across various fields, including
medical, astrophysical, and industrial applications. This versatile material
is poised to play a pivotal role in advancing detection technology.
Synthesized adsorbents were characterized by the Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and
Ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy (Uv/Vis). Temperature stability of adsor-
bent has been investigated by thermal analysis methods (TG, DTA, DDTA).
Resulting products were applied for determination of Fe(III) ions in
fruits.

COMPARATIVE ACOUSTIC ANALYSIS OF FIVE RENOWNED

OPERATIC TENORS

Bruseldorff A.S.
Azerbaijan National Conservatory, Azerbaijan
alexandriasultan@outlook.com

The research task involves analyzing the unique acoustic characteris-

tics of the voice of the People's Artist of Azerbaijan, professional classically
trained opera tenor Samir Jafarov, singing the aria “Una furtiva lagrima”
from the Italian opera “L'elisir d'amore” by Gaetano Donizetti. The com-
parative analysis also includes the voice characteristics of renowned opera

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

singers such as Luciano Pavarotti, Placido Domingo, Roberto Alagna, and

Pene Pati singing the same aria. Samir Jafarov also has a background in
singing mugham, a traditional Azerbaijani musical genre. To discern the
unique qualities and nuances of Samir Jafarov's performance in the con-
text of both musical genres, his rendition of the Bayaty-Shiraz mugham in
a high-pitched zil range has also been included in the paper, serving as a
point of comparison alongside the operatic compositions.
The same duration was ensured by selecting the same excerpt from
the aria “Una furtiva lagrima” in each singer's rendition. The research uses
the Long-Term Average Spectrum (LTAS) to investigate acoustic parame-
ters, looking for common factors in energy distribution across frequency
spectrums. This study focuses on identifying the presence or absence of
the singer's formant and examining the spectral slope in the contour of
the acoustic spectrum in all five opera singers.
Samir Jafarov’s voice was recorded in a professional sound recording
studio of the International Mugham Center of Azerbaijan in a soundproof
environment. An audio mixing console, Behringer X32, and a NEWMANN
U87 Ai professional microphone were used for the recordings at a
48000Hz sampling rate. The microphone was calibrated and positioned at
a lip-to-mouth distance of 25 cm and 3 cm below the chin, with 0º angle
of incidence.
The samples of the other four operatic tenors were taken from com-
mercially available recordings. The first step involved isolating the instru-
mental tracks to analyze commercial recordings effectively. Then, all rec-
orded sounds were resampled to 16000Hz using Sopran software
(www.tolvan.com), a sound editor for processing and analysis of sound
files.
The LTAS data showed prominent peaks and valleys in samples of all
five singers. It was possible to identify a singer’s formant for all samples.
Although Azerbaijani vocal mugham singing is different from classical
opera, the presence of the singer’s formant was also evident in the voice
of Samir Jafarov while performing mugham. The analysis of logarithmic
trends also revealed that the average spectral slope in the 1000-2000 Hz
range varied within 10-15 decibels per octave in four opera singers, while
one singer exhibited a slope within the range of 16-17 decibels per oc-
tave.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

INFLUENCE OF GAMMA RADIATION ON THE CRYSTALLISATION OF

PVS/CdS NANOCOMPOSITES

Gasimova A.I., Nuriyev M.A.

Institute of Radiation Problems, Ministry of Sciences and Education, Azerbaijan
a.a7787@mail.ru

In recent years, obtaining new generation polymer-based nanocom-

posite materials that can be applied in various fields of industry and stud-
ying their structure and properties is one of the main priority issues of sci-
ence and technology. The properties of nanocomposites are determined
not only by the size of the filler particles, but also by the physicochemical
properties of the polymer matrix.
The thermophysical properties of initial and gamma irradiated
PVA/CdS nanocomposites obtained based on the formation of cadmium
sulphide (CdS) semiconductor nanoparticles in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
pores by layered chemical sorption method were studied by analytical
methods such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Structural
changes induced by the amount of filler and the effect of gamma radiation
are discussed.
Comparative analysis of DSC thermograms shows that the crystalliza-
tion process in pure polyvinyl alcohol proceeds at a higher speed than in
composites. Note that the crystallization time (tc) during cooling after
heating in composites was calculated with the help of the following equa-
tion:
‫ ݐ‬ൌ ሺܶ଴ െ ܶሻΤ‫ݒ‬
where To is the initial temperature of crystallization, and T – the final tem-
perature, υ=10oC/min. - the cooling rate. During the calculations, it was
found that as the amount of filler increases in the polymer matrix, the crys-
tallization time also changes. As can be seen, while the crystallization time
is low for PVA/3cyc.CdS nanocomposite, this time is increased for PVA/CdS
composites formed at 5 and 10 cycles. We assume that the reason for this
is that at low amounts of filler, the particles act as crystallization centers
and accelerate crystallization. With the increase in the amount of CdS na-
noparticles formed in the pores of the PVA matrix, they block the mobility
of polymer macromolecules and cause an increase in the crystallization
time, slowing down the crystallization process of the composite. The
gamma radiation of the samples is higher at 200 and 500kGy doses for PVA
and PVA/CdS composites formed at 3 cycles and 5 cycles of crystallization
time. In the composites that received a dose of 300 kGy, the crystallization
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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

time takes a smaller value. We believe that the reason for this is the cross-
linking processes in amorphous phase of the polymer matrix in the sam-
ples that received a dose of 200 kGy, and in amorphous-crystalline phases
of the matrix and the polymer-filler boundary in the samples treated with
the absorption dose of 500 kGy. In the samples treated with a dose of
300kGy, the destruction begins in the amorphous phase, while the cross-
linking process is not active enough in the interphase processes. This case
is also evident from the change of melting time depending on the concen-
tration of the nanoparticles and dose.
The sharp increase in the melting time with increasing filler amount in
nanocomposites treated at a dose of 500kGy is associated with a decrease
in the mobility of molecular chains as a result of crosslinking at the poly-
mer-filler boundary. We can say that the reason for this is hydrogen bonds
formed at the polymer-filler boundary and radiation crosslinking.

BAND GAP AND WAVE PROPAGATION ON PVDF BASED TOPOLOGICAL

HAUSDORFF AND SERPINSKI DIMENSION OF QUASI-FRACTAL PHONONIC
CRYSTALS: FINITE ELEMENTS ANALYSIS
1
Palaz S., 2Ozer Z., 3,4Mamedov A.M., 3Ozbay E.
1
Harran University, Türkiye
2
Mersin University, Türkiye
3
Bilkent University, Türkiye
4
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
mamedov46@gmail.com

In this study, the band structures and transmission losses of solid/solid

and fluid/solid phononic crystals with Sierpinski Carpet fractal and the digit
set of L2 Hausdorff fractal shapes have been investigated. The solid/solid
phononic crystals consist of topological insulator (TI) pillars within the or-
ganic ferroelectric (PVDF-polyvinylıdene fluoride) matrix, while the fluid
/solid phononic crystal consist of a liquid crystal (ZhK440) within the PVDF
matrix. The pillars within the Sierpinski Carpet fractal have square and cir-
cular cross-sections. Sierpinski Carpet fractal unit cells and Hausdorff frac-
tal unit cells were used to obtain fractal band structures, and these finite
structure was used to obtain conduction losses of fractal phononic crys-
tals. Solid Mechanics module in Comsol Multiphysics software was used
for solid/solid phononic crystals and Pressure Acoustics modules were
used for liquid/solid (ZhK440/PVDF) phononic crystal band structure.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Phononic band diagram ω = ω(k) for a 2- and 3D PC, in which non-

dimensional frequencies ωa/2πc (c-velocity of wave) were plotted vs. the
wavevector k along the Г–X–M–Г path in the square Brillouin zone shows
many stop bands in the wide frequency range. The ferroelectric properties
of PVDF and the unusual properties of a TI give us the ability to control the
wave propagation through the PC over a wide frequency range. TI is a dis-
crete component that allows conducting electricity on its surface but
shows insulator properties through its bulk volume. TI is considered as an
acoustic topological insulator as the extension of topological insulators
into the field of “topological phononics”.

COMPARISON OF THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CDXZN1-XS-BASED

NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS PRODUCED VIA SONOCHEMICAL AND
SILAR APPROACHES
1
*Gahramanli L.R., 1Muradov M.B., 1Eyvazova G.M., 2Ákos Kukovecz
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
University of Szeged, Hungary
qahramanli.lala@mail.ru

In the presented work, nanocomposite materials based on CdxZn1-xS

were obtained in the form of thin film and nanoparticle (powder) by two dif-
ferent approaches – sonochemical and SILAR synthesis methods. Structures
of thin films and nanoparticles are studied by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-
transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman microscopy to determine
their chemical relationships, and the morphology of nanocomposite materi-
als is determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), depending on the
synthesis method and the type of samples obtained. has been done. During
the acquisition of samples by the sonochemical method, samples were used
with 3 different stabilizers and different percentages of these stabilizers for
comparison. During the production of thin layers by the SILAR method, these
layers were obtained with different compositions (different values of x) and
at different synthesis temperatures. The aim of the study is to study the effect
of two ripening processes on the structure and physical properties of nano-
materials under the same technological conditions.
From the analysis of the samples by the XRD method, it was deter-
mined that the ternary CdxZn1-xS nanostructures obtained from the syn-
thesis by the SILAR method and the sonochemical method have the same
crystalline structure – hexagonal phase. However, the crystal structure
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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

formed in binary-CdS nanostructures changed depending on the synthesis

method. Thus, the CdS nanoparticles obtained by the SILAR method had a
cubic structure, and the CdS thin film obtained by the SILAR method had a
hexagonal structure.
In addition, depending on the synthesis method, these differences
were also observed in the value of the forbidden zone width of the sam-
ples. The Eg value of Cd0.2Zn0.8S obtained by the sonochemical method is
2.83 eV, and the Eg value of Cd0.2Zn0.8S obtained by the SILAR method is
3.05 eV. By the same rule, this difference is clearly visible in the values of
2.25 eV (sonochemical) and 2.45 eV (SILAR) observed by CdS depending
on these two synthesis methods. During the synthesis of CdS, as well as
ternary CdxZn1-xS by sonochemical and SILAR methods, the observed dif-
ferences in structure and Eg value vary depending on the synthesis
method, growth mechanism, and reaction mechanism.

PROMISING CARBONS FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC RAW MATERIALS

AND THEIR PROCESSING WASTE
1
Doroshenko S.O., 1*Tkachenko T.V., 2Tamarkina Y.V., 2Kucherenko V.O.,
3
Jafarov M.A., 1,4Kamenskyh D.S., 1Povazhny V.A., 1Yevdokymenko V.O.
1
V.P.Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, NAS of Ukraine,
Ukraine
2
L.M.Litvinenko Institute of Physical-Organic and Coal Chemistry, NAS of Ukraine,
Ukraine
3
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
4
V. Bakul Institute for Superhard Materials, NAS of Ukraine, Ukraine
ttv13ttv@gmail.com

Lignocellulosic raw materials and their waste are the most promising
renewable raw materials today. Even though the carbon materials major-
ity are still obtained from traditional fossil fuels, the transition to lignocel-
lulosic raw materials will reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. There-
fore, the purpose of our work was to investigate the influence of different
raw materials on the characteristics of the obtained carbon under the
same conditions.
Both lignocellulosic raw materials (cotton and hemp) and waste from
its processing (hydrolyzed lignin) were used to obtain carbon materials.
Carbon materials were obtained by the method of alkaline activation at
700-800 oC. The contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and other
chemical components in lignocellulosic raw materials were determined by
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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

standard chemical analysis. All chemical analysis was carried out twice al-
lowing calculating the mean values and standard deviations, which do not
exceed 5 %. The obtained carbon materials were studied by using the fol-
lowing methods: low-temperature nitrogen sorption-desorption, XRD,
XRF, FTIR-ATR, SEM, and adsorption capacity for iodine.
The SEM analysis showed that the carbon materials retained the
shape of the original raw material. The carbon material produced from hy-
drolyzed lignin has the highest specific surface area of 991 m2/g and the
largest adsorption capacity for iodine at 941±11 mg/g. It has cylindrical
pores ranging in size from 1.4 to 28 nm, which indicates the nanoporous
structure of the obtained material. At the same time, carbon materials ob-
tained from lignocellulosic raw materials have a specific surface area and
adsorption capacity for iodine that is 2-4 times lower.
Thus, under the same production conditions, hydrolyzed lignin proved
to be the best raw material for carbons obtaining.
We thank the Armed Forces of Ukraine for safety to carry out this
work. This work was only possible thanks to the resilience and courage of
the Ukrainian Army

LASER ABLATION ZnCdO THIN FILMS

Jafarov M.A., Mammadov H.M., *Mammadov V.U., Nasirov E.F.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
mammadovv@gmail.com

Over the past decades, the advancement in the field of thin films tech-
nology paved the road for development of various semiconductor-based
devices. In this context, zinc oxide (ZnCdO) thin films and nanostructures
attracted a great interest, owing to their unique properties such as large
exciton binding energy (60 meV), direct wide-bang gap of about 3.37 eV
at room temperature, high optical transparency in the visible region, low
electrical resistivity, as well as high electrochemical stability, high electron
mobility, nontoxicity, and abundance in nature, therefore being used in a
wide range of application in the UV region of optoelectronic devices.
Moreover, ZnCdO-based nanomaterials can be considered as promis-
ing candidates for solar cells, gas sensors, laser diodes, and so on. ZnCdO
films can be grown by several physical and chemical methods such as sput-
tering, chemical vapor deposition, sol–gel method, molecular beam epitaxy,
and pulsed laser deposition on a wide range of substrates. Laser ablation

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

has been a well-studied techniques since its early days and it has been show-
ing the premises to be implemented to produce n-type ZnCdO thin films.
As an initial step towards our goal, in this study we focus on the prep-
aration of highly oriented ZnCdO thin films by pulsed laser deposition at
relatively low substrate temperatures. We take advantage of the PLD tech-
nique, namely, by the possibility of controlling the elemental composition
of the deposited thin films much better than using other methods. The
structure, morphology, composition, and optical properties of the ob-
tained films are characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scan-
ning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
(EDS) UV-VIS measurements.
The ZnCdO thin films were deposited on commercially available silicon
wafers (cut 5 5 mm) using an ArF laser with a wavelength of 193 nm (Coherent
COMPex Pro 205F) by ablating a sintered Zn,Cd target in high purity NaOH
solution. The laser repetition rate can be varied from 1 to 50 Hz, and the en-
ergy per pulse can be set in the range of 10 to 400 mJ. For this study, the laser
was operated at a frequency of 10 Hz with a constant power of 300 mJ.
The dependence of the thin films structure and properties was ob-
served as a function of the substrate temperature. The crystallinity in-
creased for the thin films with the increasing temperature from room tem-
perature to 350◦C. The same behavior was observed for the band gap that
changed from 3.12 eV at room temperature, close to the ideal value for
the highest substrate temperature studied, with a value of 3.32 eV.

THE EFFECT OF CHARACTERISTIC LENGTHS ON THE NONSTATIONARY

CONVERSION OF FREQUENCIES OF ULTRA SHORT LIGHT PULSES

Amirov Sh.Sh.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan Medical University, Azerbaijan
Khazar University, Azerbaijan
phys_med@mail.ru

Conversion of frequencies of ultra short light pulses is analyzed in the

first and second order approximations of dispersion theory. Influence of
group velocity mismatch and group velocity dispersion on the spectrum as
well as energy of a light pulse is studied. Analytical expressions for both
spectrum and energy of a signal wave in the second order dispersion the-
ory are obtained. Narrowing of the spectrum of signal wave and shift of its

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

maxima toward smaller values of frequency with increase in the group ve-
locity dispersion are observed.
To convert frequencies of coherent optical radiation along with fre-
quency multiplication the processes of frequency mixing are also fre-
quently used. The frequency mixing in the pump field often requires em-
ployment theory of nonstationary interaction of light waves. An interest
to this problem is related with the realized of practical opportunity of ob-
taining of tunable ultraviolet radiation via frequency mixing.
Purpose of present paper is to study theoretically effect of group ve-
locity mismatch and group velocity dispersion on the spectrum and energy
of ultrashort light pulse. For this purpose, the theoretical dependences of
spectral density as well as energy versus the characteric lengths: ratio of
nonlinear length to the quasistatic length and the group velocity disper-
sion length. The influences of these characteristic lengths on the spectral
density and energy of ultra shor pulse are revealed via the depicted de-
pendences. Formula obtained for spectral density of a signal wave is
ሺ‫ߣ݊݅ݏ‬ᇱ ‫ ݖ‬െ ‫ߣ݃ݐ‬ᇱ ݈ ή ܿ‫ߣݏ݋‬ᇱ ‫ݖ‬ሻଶ ߱ଶ ߬ ଶ
ܵଵ ሺ߱ǡ ‫ݖ‬ሻ ൌ ‫ܦ‬ ή ‡š’ ቆെ ቇ
ᇱ ଶ ݇ଶ ଶ ᇱ ͳ ൅ ‫ܥ‬ଶ߬ସ
ߣ ൅ Ͷ ‫݈ ߣ ݊ܽݐ‬
where
‫ ܦ‬ൌ ܿ݊ଵ ߛଵଶ ‫ܫ‬ଷ଴ ‫ܫ‬ଶ଴ ߬ ଶ Ȁͳ͸ߨ ଶ ,
ଵ ଵ ௟ ௟೙Ȁ೗ ο ଶ
ߣᇱ ൌ ݈௡Ȁ௟ ିଵ ሾ ቀ ሺߙ െ ͳሻ ೙Ȁ೗ ߱ଶ ߬ ଶ ൅ ߱ߥ െ * ቁ െ ͳሿଵȀଶ ,
ସ ଶ ௟ ೏೔ೞǤ ௟ഌ య
ିଵ ଵ ௟೙Ȁ೗ ଶ ଶ ௟೙Ȁ೗ ο ௚
݇ ൌ ݈௡Ȁ௟ ሾ݅ሺସ ሺߙ െ ͳሻ ߱ ߬ ൅ ߱ߥ െ * ሻሿ, ߙ ൌ ௚మ
௟೏Ǥ ௟ഌ య భ
It was found that energy of a signal pulse has maxima as a function of
ratio of nonlinear length to the quasistatic length at various values of
phase modulation parameter.

SOLUTION OF REDUCED EQUATIONS FOR THE PROPAGATION OF AN

ULTRASHORT LASER PULSE IN A METAMATERIAL
*
Ahmadova A.R., Kasumova R.J., Safarova G.A.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
asmar.ahmadova.r@bsu.edu.az

The electromagnetic properties of metamaterials are explained by the

properties of the microstructures included in the composition of the com-
posite material. The current level of technological development has

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

already made it possible to develop materials with a negative refractive

index in the visible range.
The purpose of this work is to study the non-stationary interaction of
waves when mixing three waves in a medium with negative refraction. The
results of calculating the shape of the signal spectrum under low-fre-
quency pumping are presented as a first approximation of the dispersion
theory. We can analyze the non-stationary process of three-frequency
nonlinear parametric interacting waves. For consideration, we assume
that the medium is "left" only at the frequency of the signal wave ߱ଵ. We
hypothesize that the pump wave is a long pump pulse at a frequency ߱ଶ ,
as opposed to a short wave pulse in the difference frequency ߱ଷ ൌ ߱ଵ ൅
߱ଶ (‫ݑ‬ଵǡଶǡଷ are group velocities of the corresponding waves).
We consider that the energy flows of the pump wave and the waves
at the sum frequency ܵଶǡଷ normally fall on the left side surface of the met-
amaterial of length l and propagate along the positive direction of the axis.
That’s, in a medium with a negative refractive index, the energy transfer
of the signal wave occurs in the opposite direction. In the first approxima-
tion of the dispersion theory, we ignore the effect of dispersive propaga-
tion. Let us solve the problem in the case when a pump wave and a wave
at the frequency ߱ଷ are present at the entrance to the “left” medium,
‫ܣ‬ଵ ሺ‫ ݖ‬ൌ ݈ሻ ൌ ͲǢ‫ܣ‬ଶ ሺ‫ ݖ‬ൌ ݈ሻ ൌ ‫ܣ‬ଶ଴ Ǣ‫ܣ‬ଷ ሺ‫ ݖ‬ൌ ݈ሻ ൌ ‫ܣ‬ଷ଴ .
As a result, we get the next differential equation of the second order
:
݀ ଶ ‫ܣ‬ଵ ݀‫ܣ‬ଵ
ଶ
െ ݅ሺ߱ߥ ൅ ȟሻ െ Ȟଶଶ ‫ܣ‬ଵ ൌ Ͳǡ
݀‫ݖ‬ ݀‫ݖ‬
where
ሺ߱ߥ ൅ ȟሻଶ ͳ ͳ
ߣൌඨ െ Ȟଶଶ ǡ ߥ ൌ ൅ ǡ Ȟଶଶ ൌ ߛଵ ߛଷ ‫ܫ‬ଶ଴
Ͷ ȁ‫ݑ‬ଵ ȁ ‫ݑ‬ଷ

and ‫ܫ‬ଶ଴ ൌ ‫ܣ‬ଶ଴ ή ‫כܣ‬ଶ଴ Ǥ

The analysis of the spectrum of the signal wave, which only takes into
account the divergence of the group velocities, showed that the spectral
dependence is symmetric. In the Gaussian form of the input excitation
pulse, the energy of the side components is moved to the central maxi-
mum. Furthermore, as the group velocity mismatch increases, the spec-
trum of the excited pulse becomes narrower.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

INFLUENCE OF RARE EARTH METALS ON ELECTROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

OF GES LAYERED MONOCRYSTALLINE

Dashdemirov A.O., *Alekperov A.S.

Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University, Azerbaijan
arzu.dashdemirov@adpu.edu.az

The photoconductivity of the GeS: Er layered monocrystalline in a

wide range of temperatures has been studied. In the temperature domain
125÷250K, the activation energy was ∆E=0.20 eV, and in the temperature
domain 250 ÷ 320K, it was E=0.4 eV. And when T > 300K, the crystal loses
photosensitivity, the electrical conductivity is metallic. Complex complexes
formed by ER atoms on the surface and volume of the crystal create deep
centers of seizure and recombination. With an increase in temperature,
there is a discharge of these centers, a jump of load carriers into the con-
ductive zone. Because of this, the photosensitivity of the crystals de-
creases, the electrical conductivity is metallic. The restoration of its former
photosensitivity by recooling of the crystal makes it possible to make ther-
moachar from GeS:Er layered monocrystals.

MODIFICATION OF SLC-0111 AS NOVEL CARBONIC ANHYDRASE

INHIBITORS
*
Guliyeva L., Trawally M., Demir-Yazıcı K., Guzel-Akdemir O.
Istanbul University, Türkiye
lalagulieva.lq@gmail.com

Carbonic anhydrases, which facilitate the interconversion of CO2 and

HCO3−, are metalloenzymes that are present in numerous organisms. As of
now, a total of 16 α-CA isoenzymes have been identified, of which 13 are
catalytic and 3 are acatalytic. Human CAs (hCAs) that are catalytically ac-
tive are involved in a variety of vital physiological processes, including res-
piration, gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and ureagenesis. On the contrary,
an uncontrolled activity and aberrant (over)expression have been linked
to a variety of diseases, including oncogenesis (hCA IX and XII), retinal
edema, glaucoma (hCA I), Alzheimer's disease, and epilepsy (hCA II). As a
result, therapeutic interventions involving the development of potent
molecules capable of selectively targeting these disease-associated isoen-
zymes appear extremely promising.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

SLC-0111, a ureido substituted benzenesulfonamide compound that

is presently undergoing Phase Ib/II clinical trials against solid tumours as a
leading selective hCA IX inhibitor. SLC-0111 has Ki values of 5080, 9640,
4.5 and 45.1 nM for hCA I, II, IX, and XII, respectively. In this study, struc-
tural modification of SLC-0111 has been herein exploited as a lead mole-
cule for development of novel series of thiosemicarbazone incorporating
benzenesulfonamide. The designed compounds were synthesized, charac-
terized and tested for their carbonic anhydrase inbitory activity against
hCA I, II, IX and XII. Compounds 1, 2, 3 and 4 showed Ki values of 3.7, 0.4,
16.8 and 2.8 nM against hCA I, II, IX and XII, respectively.

Fig. 1. Structural modification of SLC-0111

RADIOBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AT JINR ACCELERATORS

Bugay A.N.
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia
bugay@jinr.r

Research infrastructure of JINR provides unique opportuni es for con-

duc ng interdisciplinary basic and applied research in life sciences. JINR's
radiobiological research program is aimed at studying the ac on of ionizing
radia ons, especially high energy heavy ion beams, at the molecular, cel-
lular, ssue, and organismal levels of biological organiza on. Special a en-
on is paid to the development of new approaches to increasing the effec-
veness of radia on therapy of cancer and research on radia on-induced
func onal disorders of the brain.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

INTERACTION MECHANISM OF GLYCYRRHIZIN FOR THE COVID-19

TREATMENT
*
Galandarli L.E., Akverdieva G.A.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
leyla_aktau@mail.ru

Identifying biological targets and studying the molecular mechanisms

of action of drug compounds is a critical task from the point of view of not
only fundamental science but is also necessary for the creation of new ef-
fective and safe drug compounds. Glycyrrhizin, a glycoside contained in
extracts of licorice roots (Radices glycyrrhiza), is the calcium and potas-
sium salt of tribasic glycyrrhizic acid, the aglycone of which is glycyrrhizic
acid. Licorice root and its extracts have been used in traditional medicine
to alleviate bronchitis, gastritis, and jaundice since ancient times. Anti-in-
flammatory, antiallergic, antiviral, mineralocorticoid, antitumor, immuno-
modulatory, antiulcer, hepatotropic, and other positive effects of glycyr-
rhizin on the human body have been shown. Recently, more and more
publications have appeared on the effectiveness of glycyrrhizin against in-
fection caused by SARS-CoV-2. The direct antiviral effect of glycyrrhizic
acid on the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus was proven by scientists from the Uni-
versity of Duisburg-Essen and the Ruhr University in Bochum (Germany).
It turned out that glycyrrhizic acid caused the death of viruses by inhibiting
the synthesis of protease, an enzyme vital for the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
In this work, molecular docking was used to examine the interactions
between the glycyrrhizin molecule and SARS-CoV-2 main protease by Au-
toDock Vina software. The 3D crystal structure of the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro pro-
tease was retrieved from the protein data bank at http: //www.rcsb.org
(PDB ID: 7ZQV). Water and ligand molecules in the receptor were re-
moved, and the receptor was made ready for docking by adding only polar
hydrogens. The structure of the glycyrrhizin compound was obtained with
ChemSpider (ID: 14263). Kollman charges of the receptor were also calcu-
lated. Partial charges of ligand were calculated using the Geistenger
method. PyMol and Discovery Studio 3.0 programs were used for 2D dia-
grams and 3D molecular visualization and analysis of receptor-ligand in-
teractions. It was shown that the title molecule binds at the active site of
the receptor and forms key interactions by nonpolar, polar, and ionic con-
tacts. The calculated binding energy and rmsd can conclude that glycyr-
rhizin can be a potential inhibitor for the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro protease and

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

may be used for COVID-19 treatment. Based on the received results the
model of pharmacophore of glycyrrhizin for its interaction with SARS-CoV-
2 proteases was proposed.

DARK-INDUCED CHLOROFILL DEGRADATION IN COTTON PLANTS

SEEDLINGS

*Ahmadov I.S., Eyvazova G.M., Hasanova F.V., Babanlı S.T.

Baku State University, Azerbaijan
ismetahmadov@mail.ru

Leaf senescence is an active process due to degradation of chlorophyll

pigment in photosynthetic cells and is a key aspect of plant life for remo-
bilization of resources. Regulation of this process is an important condition
for the normal development and productivity of plants. As a result of vari-
ous studies, it has become clear that the degradation of chlorophyll pig-
ment in the leaves of birches deprived of light is a complex process. Light
in photosynthesizing leaves, in order of importance plays an important
role in the regulation of leaf senescence. For many plant species, lack of
light, that is, strong shading of the leaves, leads to their rapid yellowing.
Until now, the mechanism of chlorophyll degradation and the factors in-
fluencing this process have not been fully studied. Degradation of chloro-
phylls in leaves occurs mainly through pheophorbide oxygenase (PAO). Re-
cently, 6 types of enzymes responsible for chlorophyll catabolism have
been identified and their functions have been clarified.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nanoparticles on
the senescence of cotton leaves by measuring the content of chlorophyll.
In the presented research, the effect of nanoparticles on the degradation
of chlorophyll and carotenoids, photosynthetic rate, Fv/Fm ratio and pro-
duction of oxidants, ie. H2O2 and superoxide radical (O2–), lipoxygenase en-
zyme activity (LOX), and antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT activity in 14-
day-old cotton seedlings under dark conditions was investigated. Metal-
based nanoparticles (ZnO, CuO, Fe2O3,TiO2) were used in the experiments.
Cotton was grown in a controlled environment plant growth chamber.
First, the compounds of chlorophyll and carotenoids were measured in the
leaves of the third tiers of 14-day-old cotton seedlings, and then the seed-
lings were kept in the dark. The kinetics of the process depends on the
composition and size of the nanoparticles. Nanoparticles do not signi-

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

ficantly affect the increase of H2O2, superoxide anion during chlorophyll

degradation, but ZnO nanoparticles do. Lipoxygenase, SOD and CAT en-
zymes activity in this process of nanoparticles is not seriously affected.
Thus, it can be concluded that nanoparticles can play an important role in
the regulation of chlorophyll degradation.

STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF LACTOFERROXINE C

*Agayeva L.N., Abdinova A.A., Akhmedova S.R., Akhmedov N.F.

Baku State University, Azerbaijan
leylanamig@mail.ru

A number of exogenous peptides derived from nutrients have opioid-

like properties. Lactoferroxine is a glycoprotein present in milk and small
amounts in exocrine fluids such as bile and tears. It consists of a single-
chain polypeptide and is relatively resistant to proteolysis. Complete DNAs
for lactoferroxine from human milk, neutrophils, and cow's milk have been
reported, and recombinant proteins have been produced. It has been hy-
pothesized that, due to its iron-binding properties, lactoferroxine plays a
role in the absorption of iron by the intestinal mucosa and acts as a bacte-
riostatic agent by retaining iron in iron-requiring bacteria. In addition, lac-
toferroxine may act in non-iron-mediated pathways as a growth factor and
bactericidal agent.
The three-dimensional structure of the lactoferroxin C molecule (H-
Lys1-Tyr2-Leu3-Gly4-Pro5-Gly6-Tyr7-OH) was studied in fragments. First,
based on the low-energy conformations of the corresponding amino acid
residues, the conformational capabilities of the N-terminal tetrapeptide
fragment Lys1-Tyr2-Leu3-Gly4 and the C-terminal tetrapeptide region Gly4-
Pro5-Gly6-Tyr7 were studied. The calculation results showed that energy
differentiation occurs between the main chain forms and conformations.
The N-terminal tetrapeptide fragment is represented by eight forms of the
main chain, the energy of which varies in the range of 0 – 8.0 kcal/mol. The
C-terminal tetrapeptide region is also represented by eight forms of the
main chain, the energy of which varies in the range of 0 – 4.0 kcal/mol.
These forms of the main chain were chosen as initial approximations when
calculating the spatial structure of the lactoferroxin C molecule.
As can be seen, these two fragments are connected by a common
amino acid residue Gly4, which has four forms of the main chain R, B, L

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

and P. Therefore, when compiling the initial approximations, all these

forms were taken into account and several hundred conformations of the
heptapeptide molecule were calculated. The calculation results showed
that a sharp energy differentiation occurs between shapes, main chain
forms and conformations. It has been shown that the spatial structure of
the lactoferroxin C molecule can be represented by eight forms of the
main chain, the relative energy of which varies in the energy range 0 - 8.0
kcal/mol. In low-energy conformations, the energy of nonvalent interac-
tions changes in the energy range (-31.4) – (-19.5) kcal/mol, the energy of
electrostatic interactions in the range (5.3) – (9.3) kcal/mol and torsion
interactions in the range (3.3) – (8.2) kcal/mol. The most stable confor-
mation for the lactoferroxin C molecule is B1222R1R21BBB311B3. It turns out
to be advantageous in terms of non-valence and electrostatic interactions.
In this structure, the Tyr2-Leu3 residues form an unfolded form of the
main chain, which allocates the first amino acid residue Lys1 and the C-
terminal tetrapeptide region -Gly4-Pro5-Gly6-Tyr7.

ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ACCUMULATION OF IRON

NANOPARTICLES IN INTESTINE AND LIVER OF COMMON CARP (CYPRINUS
CARPIO LINNAEUS, 1758)
*
Mammadov Ch.A., Hajiyeva A.D., Khalilov R.I.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
m_chingiz@yahoo.com

The penetration, bioaccumulation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, which

widely used in the industry, having magnetic features, in the intestine and
liver, its structural elements of common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus,
1758) breed in aquaculture conditions, and the ultrastructural character-
istics of possible pathomorphological changes occurring there were stud-
ied using light and electron microscopic methods.
Two different doses (10 and 100 mg per 10 g of food) of Fe3O4 nano-
particles with size 20 nm were fed to fingerlings for 7 days, then intestinal
and liver samples were taken and studied. In addition studying to the normal
ultrastructure of the small intestine of the fish, on the 7th day of the use of
nanoparticles (at a dose of 10 mg), the disintegration of the villi of the en-
terocytes of the mucosa layer and the pathology of the cytoplasmic struc-
tures of the cells was observed. Also, ultrastructure of the fish's liver in

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

norm, liver studied after the administration of a small dose (10 mg) of na-
noparticles and changes were observed in erythrocytes located in the lumen
of blood vessels, hepatocytes, intracellular canaliculi and bile ducts. On the
7th day of administration of a 100 mg dose of nanoparticles, it was deter-
mined at the ultrastructural level that destructive changes occurred in all
layers of the small intestine (serosa, muscularis, sub-mucosa and mucosa)
and its structural elements. At a high dose (100 mg) the capsule of the liver
was damaged, some of the hepatocytes were completely destroyed, the
wall of the blood vessels was damaged, and the structure of the wall of the
biliary ductule was disturbed. The sequential entry and bioaccumulation of
Fe3O4 nanoparticles consumed with food into the host organism have been
confirmed by electron microscopy, starting from microvilli located on the
apical surface of enterocytes in the intestinal villi. From there, they enter
the cytoplasm of epithelial cells, including cytoplasmic organelles such as
the nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, and microvilli. Subsequently, they
pass through the specialized lining of the small intestine and interact with
the endothelium of blood vessels and erythrocytes in the mesentery. Finally,
they reach hepatocytes, cytoplasmic organelles within them, and are fur-
ther distributed into lymphatic capillaries and lymphatic vessels.

TEMPERATURE-INDUCED PHASE TRANSITIONS OF LIPIDS EXTRACTED

FROM HUMAN LUNG CARCINOMA AND NORMAL CELLS
1*
Aydemirova A.H., 1Bakhishova M.J., 1Aslanov R.B., 1,2Melikova L.A., 1Gasymov O.K.
1
Institute of Biophysics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
2
National Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health, Azerbaijan
arzuaydemirova491@gmail.com

Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases and is a central healthcare

problem in the world. Lung cancer, also known as lung carcinoma, is the
most common and serious type of cancer. Cancer cells of various organs,
such as the lung, breast, colon, etc, experience multistep metabolic
changes in their development. The lipid re-programming of cancer cells is
a critical metabolic event. As a result, lipid compositions of the cancer cell
membranes are significantly altered. The desaturation process observed
in cancer cells significantly modifies the physicochemical properties of cell
membranes. Particularly, cis-conformation in monounsaturated fatty ac-
ids bends acyl chains and decreases packing density that, in turn, increases
the dynamics of the cell membranes.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

FTIR spectroscopy was applied to the lipids extracted from human

lung carcinoma and normal cells for structural characterizations of the li-
pids. Temperature-induced phase transitions of the lipids were evaluated
using the CH2 symmetric stretching (around 2850 cm–1) and CH2 asymmet-
ric stretching (around 2923 cm–1) frequencies. The positions of both bands
are sensitive to the order parameters of the lipid chains. The CH2 symmet-
ric stretching for ordered and disordered systems shows frequencies at
2849 cm–1 and 2854.5 cm–1, respectively. The CH2 asymmetric stretching
for ordered and disordered acyl chains display frequencies of 2917 cm–1
and 2927.0 cm–1, respectively. Temperature-induced phase transitions
were evaluated in temperature interval of 20°C- 44°C. All lipid samples
show ordered to disordered transitions upon increased temperatures.
However, there are significant differences in the phase transitions of lipids
of cancer cells compared to those of healthy cells. The CH2 symmetric
stretching frequencies show a midpoint of transition for healthy and can-
cer cells 312.4 ± 2.5°C and 307.7± 2.6°C, respectively. Very similar data
were obtained for the CH2 asymmetric stretching mode. The cooperativity
of temperature-induced transitions of lipid fractions of normal and cancer
cells are also significantly different. The lipids from normal cells show a
more cooperative transition compared to that of the carcinoma cells. Co-
operativity values for the lipids extracted from healthy and cancer cells
were determined to be 0.14± 0.09 and 0.08±0.03 (p-value= 0.022).
Thus, the temperature-induced phase transition of lipid fractions of
healthy and cancer cells show considerably different characteristics that
are consistent with our previous finding indicating more dynamic behavior
for cancer cell membranes.

MOLECULAR MODELING APPLIED TO THE NEW CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

*
Akverdieva G.A, Demukhamedova S.D.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
hagverdigulnara@gmail.com

Numerous chemical compounds are the most important objects that

play a significant role in the targeted synthesis of new advanced materi-
als including physiologically active drugs with improved properties. The
study of various important reactions is carried out based on created
models. Therefore, the search for new chemical substances with specific

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

activity is a problem that requires the use of modern molecular modeling

techniques. In this work, the role and possibilities of molecular modeling
methods in research on the two newly synthesized chemical compounds
- N-substituted thiourea and its complex with CuCl2, and also titanium
complex ligand of the ionic-liquid type (ILT) are discussed. Thiourea and
its complexes with various metals play an exceptional role in almost
every field of chemistry and can be widely used in both medicine and
industry. Phenolate complexes of transition metals with various bi- and
polydentate heteroatomic ligands have attracted the attention of re-
searchers as highly efficient precursors of catalysts for olefin oligomeri-
zation and polymerization. The DFT/B3LYP level of theory has been used
to determine the geometric, energy, and electronic parameters, frontier
molecular orbitals energies, atomic charges, HOMO-LUMO energy gap,
and chemical reactivity descriptors for these compounds. MEP has been
visualized to identify the sites of electrophilic and nucleophilic regions of
these molecules. To elucidate the electron density transfer hyperconju-
gative interactions NBO analysis has been carried out for these com-
pounds at the same level of DFT theory. The study results indicate the
formation of stable states of the investigated new chemical compounds.
The data obtained allowed us to predict the reactivity abovementioned
substituents.
The nature of the substituent in thiourea favors the formation of a
stable five-membered ring via coordinate bonding N 6-Cu25 and N17-Cu25.
In addition, the thiocarbonyl and methyl groups form a pseudo-six-mem-
bered ring via the C10H13…S5 hydrogen bond in this complex. The possible
canonical structures due to typical resonance interactions of the func-
tional groups were revealed for this compound and its complex. NBO
analysis demonstrates that the strongest delocalizations arise at the
transfer from n1(N1) and n1(N6) hydrogen-bonded N atoms into the
σ*(C4-S5) anti-bonding orbital in thiourea with the stabilization energy
of 64.54 and 74.67 kcal/mol, respectively, and into the π*(C4-S5) anti-
bonding orbital in complex with the stabilization energy of 34.24 and
17.49 kcal/mol, respectively.
The proposed model of the titanium complex forms a stable structure
that is stabilized by forming coordinate interactions Ti1-O2 and Ti1-O3. It
was found the distances H35-Cl73 and H37-Cl72 distances underwent signifi-
cant changes, leading the values of the distances N - H to 1.62Å, and H - Cl
to 1.37Å. According to the NBO analysis, we obtained rather strong

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

interactions, which are typical for the determination of the intermolecular

hydrogen bonds nN···.σ* between lone pair of nitrogen atoms N34 and N36
and antibonding orbitals Cl73-H35 and Cl72-H37 with stabilization energy of
46.80 and 48.86 kcal/mol, respectively.
It was found the optimized structures of the investigated chemical
compounds agree with the experimental data.

REFRACTOMETRIC INVESTIGATION OF THE HYDRATION PROCESS

IN ELECTROLYTES

Masimov E.A., Pashayev B.G., Shahbazova G.M., *Teymurova J.Z.

Baku State University, Azerbaijan
jalateymurova98@gmail.com

It is known that the solvation process (hydration process when the

solvent is water) in electrolyte solutions characterizes the interactions of
all components of the solution with the solvent and with each other. The
hydration process is the basis of all energetic and structural changes that
occur in such systems.
The experiences show that the translational movements (displace-
ment mobilities) of water molecules that are very close to the ion change
due to the influence of dissociated ions in the aqueous solutions of elec-
trolytes. In some cases, the mobility increases depending on the nature of
the ions, while in other cases, it decreases. It should be noted that these
changes in mobility bring about different values compared to the values in
pure water for transport phenomena such as viscosity, diffusion, heat con-
duction, and so on. Certainly, in both cases, the structure and thermody-
namic state of water change.
The direction and degree of changes in translational movements
are related to the ion's polarization ability, radius and surface charge
density. Ions with a small radius and a high surface charge density ac-
celerate the movement of water molecules around ions. Conversely,
ions with a large radius and a low surface charge density weaken them.
These processes also alter the equilibrium lifetime of water molecules
around ions (in a certain dance), the activation energy required for their
exchange with water molecules, the exchange probability, and the ex-
change rates.
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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Taking into account what has been said, it should be noted that the
hydration process is not limited by this. The electric field of the ion affects
the distribution of charges to some extent within water molecules that are
bonded to each other via hydrogen bonds, and it also changes the condi-
tions for the formation of hydrogen bonds. This leads to a change in the
overall structure of the system. However it can be challenging to deter-
mine the range over which the ion's field affects water molecules. There-
fore, we believe that evaluating these effects may be more appropriate by
investigating the structure or thermodynamic state of the solution, rather
than solely by determining the properties of hydration numbers. In the
presented work, it has been taken into consideration that determining the
sum of hydration numbers (h1 + h2) of dissociated ions in electrolytes is
more useful in studying their influence on the structure of aqueous solu-
tions. This approach has been experimentally investigated for several ions.
For this purpose, a simple refractometric method has been used.
It has been found that the values of the parameter h1 + h2 differ di-
rectly among ions with different characteristics. At the same time, the ad-
dition of certain polymers to aqueous solutions of electrolytes also alters
the h1 + h2 parameter. The obtained results indicate that the changes are
related to the interactions of polymer molecules with water molecules,
depending on the nature of the hydrophobic and hydrogen groups present
in their composition.

NON-LETHAL TESTING OF THE ACUTE TOXICITY OF NEWLY DEVELOPED

COMBINED CANCER TREATMENT MODALITIES AGAINST CHICK EMBRYOS
AND WARM BLOODED MAMMALS
1
*Mitagvaria N., 1Chirakadze A., 1Chubinidze G., 1Dvali N., 1Khuskivadze N.,
2
Shanidze R., 2Abuladze M., 3Khomeriki I., 3Tserodze K.
1
Caucasus International University, Georgia
2
Kutaisi International University, Georgia
3
Georgian Technical University, Georgia
nodmit@gmail.com

One of the most important characteristics of medical and veterinary

drugs is their acute toxicity to the warm-blooded mammals, birds and
other animals. Modern standards of humane treatment of test animals ex-
clude the death of animals, causing them severe pain, significant deterio-

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

ration of health, prolonged forced immobility, whole body anesthesia,

etc.) are becoming increasingly stringent, and the modern methods of an-
imal testing must be fitted to all modern 4 R (replace, refine, reduce, re-
sponsibility) principles of the humane treatment of laboratory animals.
Our team for several years successfully develops and applies various orig-
inal methods of the non-lethal and sub-lethal testing of acute toxicity of
the developed drugs, insecticides and other modalities against chick em-
bryos, using the so called visible (red and green) light and infrared
ovoscopy methods in combination with plethysmography, as well against
the white rats passing through the branched maze, using the so called
combined toxicity index (CTI) method, which accounts for eight dimen-
sionless values characterizing the total number of decisions, total number
of mistakes, total time of passing through the maze, the total time spent
in the lighted areas, and the relative change of blood systolic pressure,
body temperature, concentratio of reactive oxygen species in blood and
the absolute averaged value of the blood oxygen saturation during passing
through the branched maze. Acute toxicity of gemcitabine, of mixture of
gemcitabine and DMSO, and of the four newly developed anticancer com-
binations (containing cesium chloride, rubidium chloride, cesium car-
bonate, rubidium carbonate, DMSO and saline solutions) against chick em-
bryos and white Wistar rats was tested using the both above non-lethal
methods. Images derived using visible light ovoscopy of chick eggs with
normally developing Golden Wyandotte embryos provide sufficent reso-
lution during the first 8 days of incubation. After the 8th day of incubation
it is rather difficult to get high resolution red light images, and the green
light ovoscopy becomes highly preferable. After day 14 plethysmography
becomes the best one and allows to monitor the development of embryos
until they hatch. It is highly important, that the viability of embryos is more
than 90% and that all exposed rats fully restore their behavioral and phys-
iological status in 14-15 days after the exposure. The results obtained are
in good coincidence testifying in favor of the confidence and reliability of
the obtained data. Acute toxicity of gemcitabine was found to be signifi-
cantly higher, than the toxicity of newly developed anticancer drugs.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

ALKALI METAL SALT SOLUTION BASED COMBINED CANCER THERAPY

AND THE “HIGH PH THERAPY” CONCEPT
1*
Khuskivadze N., 1Chubinidze G., 1Mitagvaria N., 1Chirakadze A.,
1
Dvali N., 1Chichua T., 2Abuladze M., 3Khomeriki I., 3Buachidze Z.
1
Caucasus International University, Georgia
2
Kutaisi International University, Georgia
3
Georgian Technical University, Georgia
nanakhuskivadze53@gmail.com

The concept of multicomponent strongly localized combined therapy

of malignant tumors including various widely used and novel anticancer
treatments was first proposed at the end of the last decade. This concept
has acquired a particular importance due to Georgia and whole South Cau-
casus after founding of a modern proton therapy center in Kutaisi. One of
the modern approaches is the implementation of the so-called “high pH
hypothesis” suggesting that alkali metal salts create a highly alkaline intra-
cellular environment and can cause death of cancer cells, whereas heavier
elements can have a more pronounced effect. According to this concept,
dysregulation of cellular pH is very frequent in solid tumours and provides
potential opportunities for therapeutic intervention. This can promote mi-
gration, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells through a variety of mech-
anisms. Thus, the increase of intracellular alkalinity could be an effective
tool against the tumour proliferation In order to assess the ability of RbCl,
CsCl, Rb2Co3, Cs2Co3 to inhibit the proliferation of A549 (lung cancer cells)
and NHDF cells (normal human dermal fibroblast cell) MTT assay was per-
formed using Gemcetabine standard saline solution and Gemcitabine
DMSO solutions as as standard control samples due to their very high
apoptotic activity. The cytotoxicity (anti-proliferative efficacy) of all above
formulas in terms of LC50 and cell viability was determined, which showed
it to be quite high, although significantly lower than the efficacy of gem-
citabine solution. All of the tested compounds possess differential yet sig-
nificant cytotoxicity to A549 cancer cell lines several times lower cytotoxi-
city to the towards the normal NHDF cell line in comparison to both Gem-
cetabine solutions. Despite of our expectations, based on the so called
“high pH Therapy” concept, RbCl efficacy in inhibiting proliferation of A549
(LC50: 56.82 ± 3.51 μM) was significantly higher as compared to CsCl,
Rb2Co3 and Cs2Co3. The most important finding of the research (approved
by the Annexin V-FITC/PI staining tests showing the high apoptotic potency

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

of RbCl and other Cs and Rb based solutions mixed with DMSO), is that due
to the considerably higher toxicity to cancer cells compared with healthy
cells they can provide the increased effectiveness and safety in comparison
to the widely ised chemotherapeutic drugs (gemcitabine, cisplatin, etc.).

ISOTOPIC ENRICHED BORON AND BORON NITRIDE NANOMATERIALS

FOR PROTON-BORON CAPTURE AND BORON NEUTRON CAPTURE
THERAPY OF CANCER
1*
Dvali N., 1Khuskivadze N., 1Chubinidze G., 1Mitagvaria N., 1Chirakadze A.,
1
Chichua T., 2Chikadze N., 3Khomeriki I., 3Buachidze Z.
1
Caucasus International University, Georgia
2
Tbilisi State University, Georgia
3
Georgian Technical University, Georgia
ndvdvali@gmail.com

The first experimental proof of the capacity of 11B + p reaction to en-

hance the proton therapy effectiveness was reported by G. Cirrone et al in
2018. Along with the advantage of using a neutron-free nuclear fusion re-
action, p+11B→3α cross section becomes signifcantly high at relatively low
incident proton energy, i.e. around the Bragg peak area. Numerical simu-
lation carried out in the Institute of Physics of the National Academy of
Science of Ukraine according our request showed that an optimized distri-
bution of the highly enriched isotopic 10B, 11B nanoparticles and Li atoms,
generated as a yield of nuclear reactions p+11B → 3α and 10B + n → α + 7Li,
can also improve the spatial distribution of the proton beam and reduce
the spread of secondary neutrons in the healthy tissues. Even if a non-
negligible concentration of 11B nuclei is present in the healthy tissues sur-
rounding the tumor, the number of fusion events would be relatively low,
or completely absent, due to the non-favourable incident proton energy
spectrum away from the tumor region. Cirrone et al showed that the iso-
topically enriched boron enhanced Proton therapy could acquire the
benefts of an enhanced efciency in cancer cell killing, moving close to 12C
ion hadrontherapy, but without complications of the latter. Taking into ac-
count that lithium induces autophagy by inhibiting inositol monophospha-
tase, the potenty of lithium for increasing the biological effectiveness of
proton therapy utilizing the nuclear reactions is also of great interest. The
bioavalibility and manufacturability of boron nitride nanosheets with en-
capsulated nanoparticles are significantly higher than that of pure boron,
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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

that is why we started the development of an enhanced low-temperature

gaseous synthesis of boron nitride nanosheets with encapsulated silver
doped lanthanum manganite and nickel-copper alloy superparamagnetic
nanoparticles and the study of their morphology, crystallinity, magnetic
properties and acute toxicity of the synthesized nanomaterials. The pro-
posed paper reports the main results on the synthesis methods and prop-
erties of the nanosheets and thehighly promizing possibility of combining
boron-neutron/therapy, boron-proton capture therapy with Curie tem-
perature controlled magnetic hyperthermia based on the boron nitride
nanosheets decoreted with various superparamagnetic particles.

VISIBLE LIGHT AND INFRARED OVOSCOPIC STUDY, PLETHYSMOGRAPHY

AND SONOGRAPHY OF BIRD EMBRYOS AND LONG TERM MONITORING
OF BEHAVIORAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETER OF WHITE RATS IN
TESTING OF ACUTE TOXICITY OF DRUGS
1*
Chichua,T., 1Dvali N., 1Khuskivadze N., 1Chubinidze G., 1Mitagvaria N., 1Chi-
rakadze A., 2Chikadze N., 3Khomeriki I., 3Buachidze Z.
1
Caucasus International University, Georgia
2
Tbilisi State University, Georgia
3
Georgian Technical University, Georgia
temchi@gmail.com

Researchers are using animals to learn about the most widespread

diseases of the age, including heart disease and cancer, as well as to gain
basic knowledge in genetics, physiology, and other life sciences. Animals
are also needed to combat new diseases, of which the SARS-2 syndrome
is currently the most prominent example. According to the Nuremberg
Code adopted in 1947, any experiments carried out on human beings
should be “designed and based on the results of animal research”. The
Helsinki Declaration, adopted in 1964 also notes that medical research on
human subjects “should be based on laboratory and animal experiments
or other scientifically established facts”. In our opinion, many currently
used mandatory near-lethal methods of animal laboratory testing, apart
from ethical and humane concerns, do not meet the requirements of ad-
equacy and reliability, as they are obtained on healthy animals, but are
usually applied to seriously or even critically ill patients. That is why we
propose a novel approach that aims to achieve as much balance as

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possible between patient interests, reliable and adequate testing using la-
boratory animals, and maximal consideration of ethical values and the re-
quirements of the humane treatment of animals. The most important
component of our conceptual approach is the ovoscopic and sonographic
testing of acute toxicity of drugs on chicken embryos and testing of the
behavioral and physiological para meters of warm-blooded white rat
mammals using long-term (14-21 days) monitoring under conditions of ex-
posure and keeping that exclude death, infliction of severe pain, pro-
longed immobilization or severe restriction of mobility, prolonged anes-
thesia, prolonged forced separation or prolonged isolation of animals or
other forms of inhumane treatment. Presented paper reports all the three
newly developed methodologies for the non-lethal testing of the acute
toxicity of a wide range of the widely used chemotherapeutic drugs in
comparison withg gemcitabine and a number of their combinations. The
paper clearly shows the advantages of combining the all above methods
of the non-lethal testing.

THE PRODUCTION OF ࡭࡭࡭-BOSONS IN ࢋି ࢋା -ANNIHILATION

Abdullayev S.K., *Gojayev M.Sh.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
macidqojayev@gmail.com

The process of the generation of CP-odd ‫ܣܣܣ‬-bosons in electron-pos-

itron annihilation ݁ ି ݁ ା ՜ ‫ ܣܣܣ‬is investigated within the framework of
the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) and taking into ac-
count arbitrary polarization states of the ݁ ି ݁ ା -pair. As is known, the ver-
tices ܼ‫ܪܪ‬, ܼ݄݄, ܼ݄‫ ܪ‬and ܼ‫ ܣܣ‬are forbidden by CP-invariance in the
MSSM, where ‫ܪ‬ሺ݄ሻ and ‫ – ܣ‬CP-even and CP-odd Higgs bosons. In the
model under consideration, the allowed vertices are ܼ‫ ܣܪ‬and ܼ݄‫ܣ‬. In this
case, the process ݁ ି ݁ ା ՜ ‫ ܣܣܣ‬occurs according to the following scheme:
݁ ି ݁ ା -pair annihilates into a vector ܼ ‫ כ‬-boson, which decays into CP-odd ‫ܣ‬-
boson and CP-even ߔ‫ כ‬-boson (ߔ‫ כ‬ൌ ‫ כ ܪ‬or ݄‫) כ‬, and then the virtual ߔ ‫ כ‬-
boson decays into two ‫ܣ‬-bosons.
With the longitudinal polarization of the ݁ ି ݁ ା -pair, the expression for
the differential cross section of the reaction ݁ ି ݁ ା ՜ ‫ ܣܣܣ‬is obtained as
݀ߪሺߣଵ ǡ ߣଶ ሻ ‫ܩ‬ிଷ ‫ܯ‬௓଺ ‫ݎ‬௓
ൌ ‫ڄ‬ ൈ
݀‫ݔ‬ଵ ݀‫ݔ‬ଶ ݀ߗ ʹͶͺξʹߨ ସ ‫ݏ‬ሺͳ െ ‫ݎ‬௓ ሻଶ

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

ൈ ሾ݃௅ଶ ሺͳ െ ߣଵ ሻሺͳ ൅ ߣଶ ሻ ൅ ݃ோଶ ሺͳ ൅ ߣଵ ሻሺͳ െ ߣଶ ሻ‫ܨ‬ଵ ǡ (1)

where ‫ ݏ‬is the square of the total energy ݁ ି ݁ ା -pairs in the center of mass
system, ߣଵ and ߣଶ are the helicity of the electron and positron, ‫ݎ‬௓ ൌ
‫ܯ‬௓ଶ Τ‫ ݏ‬ǡ ‫ݔ‬௜ ൌ ʹ‫ܧ‬௜ Τξ‫ ݏ‬ሺ݅ ൌ ͳǡ ʹǡ ͵ሻ is the scaling energy of the Higgs bos-
ons, ݃௅ and ݃ோ are the left and right coupling constants of the electron
with the ܼ-boson, ‫ܨ‬ଵ is some function of the energies ‫ݔ‬ଵ ǡ ‫ݔ‬ଶ ǡ ‫ݔ‬ଷ and the
departure angles of the Higgs bosons ߠଵ ǡ ߠଶ and ߠଷ , ݀ߗ is the solid depar-
ture angle of the ‫ܣ‬-boson with 4-momentum ݇ଵ . It follows from formula
(1) that an electron and a positron must have opposite helicities ݁௅ି ݁ோା or
݁ோା ݁௅ି . Therefore, the process ݁ ି ݁ ା ՜ ‫ ܣܣܣ‬must have a right-left spin
asymmetry

݃௅ଶ െ ݃ோଶ ͳ െ Ͷ‫ݔ‬ௐ

‫ܣ‬௅ோ ൌ ଶ ଶ ൌ ଶ ǡ
(2)
݃௅ ൅ ݃ோ ͳ െ Ͷ‫ݔ‬ௐ ൅ ͺ‫ݔ‬ௐ

depending only on the Weinberg parameter ‫ݔ‬ௐ ൌ ‫݊݅ݏ‬ଶ ߠௐ . With the value
of this parameter ‫ݔ‬ௐ ൌ ͲǤʹ͵ͳͷ, the left-right spin asymmetry is
‫ܣ‬௅ோ ൌ14%.
In the case of transverse polarization of the ݁ ି ݁ ା -pair, the differential
cross-section of the process under consideration is expressed by the for-
mula

݀ߪሺߟԦଵ ǡ ߟԦଶ ሻ ‫ܩ‬ிଷ ‫ܯ‬௓଺ ‫ݎ‬௓

ൌ ‫ڄ‬ ሾሺ݃௅ଶ ൅ ݃ோଶ ሻ‫ܨ‬ଵ ൅ ʹ݃௅ ݃ோ ߟଵ ߟଶ ‫ܨ‬ଶ ሿǡ (3)
݀‫ݔ‬ଵ ݀‫ݔ‬ଶ ݀ߗ ʹͶͺξʹߨ ସ ‫ݏ‬ሺͳ െ ‫ݎ‬௓ ሻଶ
where ‫ܨ‬ଶ is a function depending on the variables ‫ݔ‬ଵ ǡ ‫ݔ‬ଶ ǡ ‫ݔ‬ଷ ǡ ߠଵ ǡ ߠଶ and
ߠଷ . From formula (3) it can be seen that the process ݁ ି ݁ ା ՜ ‫ ܣܣܣ‬must
have a transverse spin asymmetry
ʹ݃௅ ݃ோ ‫ܨ‬ଶ
‫ܣ‬ఝ ൌ ‫ ڄ‬Ǥ (4)
݃௅ଶ ൅ ݃ோଶ ‫ܨ‬ଵ
Calculations show that the value ‫ܣ‬ఝ is negative and decreases with an
increase in the departure angle ߠଵ . The experimental study of the ݁ ି ݁ ା ՜
‫ ܣܣܣ‬process is it allows us to determine the constants of the three Higgs
boson interactions ߣ௛஺஺ and ߣு஺஺ .

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

CURRENT OSCILLATIONS IN SEMICONDUCTORS

*Rzayeva U., Hasanov E.

Baku State University, Azerbaijan
Ulviyyerzayeva58@gmail.com

At availability of an electric field electronic and holes receive from

electric field energy can overcome Coulomb barrier of unitary infected
center and to be grasped. Due to thermal junction, electrons can be gen-
erated from impurity centers from deep traps in the conduction band. The
capture process decreases, and the transfer process increases the number
of electrons in the conduction band.
݊଴ ൌ ݊ା ݊ି Ǥ
The continuity equation for electrons and holes in a semiconductor
will be:
߲݊ି
൅ ݀݅‫ ି݆ݒ‬ൌ ߓି ሺͲሻ݊ଵି ݊ି െ ߓି ሺ‫ܧ‬ሻ݊ି ݊ǡ
߲‫ݐ‬

߲݊ା
൅ ݀݅‫݆ݒ‬ା ൌ ߓା ሺ‫ܧ‬ሻ݊ଵା ݊ା െ ߓା ሺͲሻ݊ା ݊ǡ
߲‫ݐ‬

߱ଵସ ൌ ߱ସ ൅ ߱ଶ ሺ‫ିݒ‬ଶ ൅ ‫ݒ‬ାଶ ሻ ൅ ‫ିݒ‬ଶ ‫ݒ‬ାଶ ,

ȁܴଵ ȁߤ ͳ Ͷȁܴଵ ȁ ߤ ͳ ‫ିݒ‬

‫ܧ‬଴ ሺ߱ሻ ൌ ‫ܧ‬ଵ ൌ ఓ ή ǡ ‫ܧ‬ଶ ൌ ή ൌ ‫ܧ‬ଶ
ܴȁTି ȁ ݁Kߜ ܴȁTି ȁ ߤି ݁Kߜ ‫ݒ‬ା
ఓ

͸ȁܴଵ ȁߤ ͳ Kି
‫ܧ‬଴ ൌ ‫ܧ‬ଷ ൌ ή
ܴȁTି ȁߤା ݁Kߜ ‫ݒ‬ା
ఓ

Waves with frequencies ߱ଵ ൏ ߱ଶ ൏ ߱ଷ are excited at electric fields

‫ܧ‬ଵ ൏ ‫ܧ‬ଶ ൏ ‫ܧ‬ଷ . expressions for the oscillation frequency of the current and
ఓ
for the electric field show that the carrier scattering constants Tേ have a
negative sign. With current oscillations in the circuit, resistance of a nega-
tive nature occurs.
If
ߤ ‫ିݒ‬
ܴ ൌ ȁܴଵ ȁǡ ൎ ͳͲǡ ̱ͳͲǡ ݁‫ିͲͳ̱ߜݒ‬ଵ
ߤା ‫ݒ‬ା

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

‫ܧ‬ଵ ̱ͳͲଷ ܸ Τ‫ ݉ݏ‬, ‫ܧ‬ଶ ̱Ͷ ή ͳͲଷ ܸ Τ‫ܧ ;݉ݏ‬ଷ ̱͸ ή ͳͲଷ ܸ Τ‫݉ݏ‬

With these estimates, the frequency of oscillation

ξͷ െ ͳ ͳ ξͷ ൅ ͳ ͳ
߱ଵ ̱͵ ή ͳͲ଻ ǡ ߱ଶ ̱ ή ͳͲଽ ǡ ߱ଷ ̱ ή ͳͲଽ
ʹ ‫ܿ݁ݏ‬ ʹ ‫ܿ݁ݏ‬
It means that microwave current oscillations occur i.e. microwave ra-
diation energy from the above semiconductor. The magnetic field is deter-
mined from the inequality ߤേ ‫ܥ ب ܪ‬. To determine the range of variation
of the electric field, and the frequency of oscillation with a further increase
in the electric field, we must construct a nonlinear theory.

ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF THE DIRAC EQUATION FOR THE LINEAR

COMBINATION OF THE MANNING-ROSEN AND YUKAWA POTENTIAL
IN THE CASE OF EXACT SPIN SYMMETRY

*Ahmadov A.I., Aslanova S.M.

Baku State University, Azerbaijan
sariyaaslanova@bsu.edu.az

The Dirac equation, which is the relativistic wave equation of fermi-

ons, can be written in the atomic unit system ሺ԰ ൌ ܿ ൌ ͳሻ for a particle of
mass ‫ܯ‬, influenced by a repulsive vector potential ܸሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ and an attractive
scalar potential ܵሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ fields:
ሾߙԦ‫݌‬Ԧ ൅ ߚሺ‫ ܯ‬൅ ܵሺ‫ݎ‬ሻሻሿ߰ሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ ൌ ሾ‫ ܧ‬െ ܸሺ‫ݎ‬ሻሿ߰ሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ (1)
The main goal of this work is to analytically solve the Dirac equation
for the sum of the Manning–Rosen and Yukawa potentials in the case of
exact spin symmetry. In the case of exact spin symmetry, accepting condi-
tion ݀߂Ȁ݀‫ ݎ‬ൌ Ͳ gives ߂ ൌ ܿ‫ݐݏ݊݋‬. Consider the case where ߑሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ is equal
to the sum of the Manning-Rosen and Yukawa potentialsߑሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ ൌ
ܸெோ ሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ ൅ ܸ௬ ሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ, then we get:

ʹߜ ଶ ߙሺߙ െ ͳሻ݁ ିସఋ௥ ʹߜ ଶ ‫ି ݁ܣ‬ଶఋ௥ ʹߜܸ଴ ݁ ିଶఋ௥

ܸெோ௒ ሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ ൌ െ ‫ڄ‬ െ Ǥ (2)
‫ܯ‬ሺͳ െ ݁ ିଶఋ௥ ሻଶ ‫ ͳ ܯ‬െ ݁ ିଶఋ௥ ͳ െ ݁ ିଶఋ௥
We consider the potential (2) in the Dirac equation.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

݀ ଶ ݇ሺ݇ ൅ ͳሻ
ቊ െ െ ሾ‫ ܯ‬൅ ‫ܧ‬௡௞ െ ‫ܥ‬ሿσሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ ൅
݀‫ ݎ‬ଶ ‫ݎ‬ଶ

ଶ
൅ሾ‫ܧ‬௡௞ െ ‫ܯ‬ଶ ൅ ‫ܥ‬ሺ‫ ܯ‬െ ‫ܧ‬௡௞ ሻሿሽ‫ܨ‬௡௞ ሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ ൌ ͲǤ (3)
Here we apply a new approximation to the centrifugal limit in equa-
tion (3) ͳΤ‫ ݎ‬ଶ ൌ ሺͶߜ ଶ ݁ ିଶఋ௥ ሻΤሺͳ െ ݁ ିଶఋ௥ ሻଶ :

݀ ଶ ‫ܨ‬௡௞ ͳ െ ‫ܨ݀ ݏ‬௡௞ ͳ

൅ ൅ ൈ
݀‫ ݏ‬ଶ ‫ݏ‬ሺͳ െ ‫ݏ‬ሻ ݀‫ݏ‬ ‫ ݏ‬ଶ ሺͳ െ ‫ݏ‬ሻଶ

ሾߙ ଶ ‫ ݏ‬ଶ െ ߚ ଶ ‫ݏ‬ሺͳ െ ‫ݏ‬ሻ െ ߛ ଶ ሺͳ െ ‫ݏ‬ሻଶ െ ݇ሺ݇ ൅ ͳሻ‫ݏ‬ሿ‫ܨ‬௡௞ ൌ Ͳ (4)

By applying the Nikiforov-Uvarov method and solving equation (4), we
can write the energy spectrum in the following form for the general case
where the vector potential is different from the scalar potential:
ଶ
‫ܯ‬ଶ െ ‫ܧ‬௡௞ ൌ ‫ܥ‬ሺ‫ ܯ‬െ ‫ܧ‬௡௞ ሻ ൈ

ଶ
ଶ
‫ ߚۍ‬ଶ െ ݇ሺ݇ ൅ ͳሻ െ ͳ െ ݊ሺ݊ ൅ ͳሻ െ ሺʹ݊ ൅ ͳሻටቀ݇ ൅ ͳቁ ൅ ߙ ଶ ‫ې‬
‫ێ‬ ʹ ʹ
‫ۑߜ ڄ‬ (5)
‫ێ‬ ଶ ‫ۑ‬
ͳ ට ͳ ଶ
‫ۏ‬ ݊ ൅ ൅ ቀ݇ ൅ ቁ ൅ ߙ ‫ے‬
ʹ ʹ
Using the relationship between the Jacobian polynomial and the hy-
pergeometric function, we can write the function ‫ܨ‬௡௞ ሺ‫ݏ‬ሻ as follows:
మ
ଵ ට ଵ మ ଵ
ି ቀ௞ା ቁ ାఈమ ሺଶఊǡଶටቀ௞ା ቁ ାఈమ ሻ (6)
ఊ ଶ
‫ܨ‬௡௞ ሺ‫ݏ‬ሻ ൌ ‫ܥ‬௡ ‫ ݏ‬ሺͳ െ ‫ݏ‬ሻଶ ଶ ‫ڄ‬ ܲ௡ ሺͳ െ ʹ‫ݏ‬ሻǡ
here, the normalization constant ‫ܥ‬௡ is found from the normalization con-
dition and is as follows:

ʹߜ ‫݊ ڄ‬Ǩ ሺ݊ ൅ ݇ ൅ ͳ ൅ ߛሻ߁ሺʹߛ ൅ ͳሻ߁ሺ݊ ൅ ʹߛ ൅ ݇

‫ܥ‬௡ ൌ ඨ Ǥ (7)
ሺ݊ ൅ ݇ ൅ ͳሻ߁ሺʹߛሻ߁ሺ݊ ൅ ʹߛ ൅ ͳሻ߁ሺ݊ ൅ ʹ݇ ൅ ʹሻ

As a result of the research, the Dirac equation was solved analytically

in the case of exact spin symmetry for the linear sum of the Manning-
Rosen and Yukawa potentials. Analytical expressions dependent on quan-
tum numbers ݊ and ݇ were obtained here for the specific value and spe-
cific function of energy.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

PAIRED SPIN CORRELATIONS OF ELECTRONS, POSITRONS AND

γ - QUANTA IN THE PROCESS OF PHOTOLOGY OF ࢋା ࢋି -PAIRS ON
NUCLEI WITH ACCOUNT OF RECOIL EFFECTS AND NUCLEI STRUCTURE

Rajabov M.R.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
m_rajabov@mail.ru

The process of photoproduction of ݁ ା ݁ ି -pairs on nuclei is not only a

source of electron and positron beams, but also a reliable tool for studying
the electromagnetic structure of nuclei.
In this work, the differential cross section of the process is integrated
over the emission angles of electrons and positrons and an analytical ex-
pression is obtained taking into account nuclear recoil and pair electron-
positron, photon-lepton and photon-antilepton spin correlations.
From the integral cross section it follows that a pair can be produced
in spin states where the electron and positron have both the same and
opposite helicity. Taking into account pair spin correlations of particles,
the energy distribution of both the relative probabilities of pair formation
and the degrees of pair polarization for the same and opposite orienta-
tions of the electron and positron spins was studied. Calculations show
that the energy distribution of the degrees of polarization of the pair and
the relative probabilities of production strongly depend on the structure
and recoil energy of the nuclei.

OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF PBMOO4 CRYSTALS DETERMINED BY

SPECTROSCOPIC ELLIPSOMETRY
1*
Darvishov N.H., 1Rustamov F.A., 1Mamedov M.Z., 1,2Gasanly N.M.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Middle East Technical University, Türkiye
n_darvishov@mail.ru

We inves gated the op cal proper es of PbMoO4 single crystals

grown by Czochralski method. PbMoO4 belongs to space group of (I41/a)
଺
and possesses ‫ܥ‬ସ௛ symmetry group and four molecular formula unit cell
(Z = 4). Tetragonal la ce structure forms for PbMoO4 with la ce con-
stants a = b = 5.4360 Å and c = 12.1106 Å. The melts prepared by hea ng
of PbO and MoO3 oxides were placed in a Pt crucible for crystal growth

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

process. The pulling, rota on and cooling rates were adjusted to 2 mm/h,
20 rpm and 30 ◦C/h, respec vely, in the growth period. The produced long
crystal was cut and both faces of the resul ng piece of the crystal was pol-
ished to obtain high quality PbMoO4 material. The dimensions of the stud-
ied sample were around 15 × 12 × 1.5 mm3. The structural proper es of
the grown crystals were explored by XRD measurement carried out by
Rigaku Miniflex diffractometer having Cu-Kα (λ = 1.54 Å) radia on source.
Room temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements were
achieved by a SOPRA GES-5E rota ng-polarizer ellipsometer operated in
the spectral region between 1.0 and 5.5 eV with steps of 0.01 eV. Incident
beam was dispatched to prepared sample at an angle of 70º.
Optical band gap of PbMoO4 crystals was found to be 3.09 eV by the
help of Tauc plot revealing an existence of indirect band gap in the crystal
band structure. Real part of the complex dielectric function and refractive
index exhibited increasing behavior up to around 4.0 eV in which they had
immediate decrease above this value. Zero frequency refractive index and
dielectric constant were found to be 2.04 and 4.15, respectively, using
Wemple and DiDomenico model. High frequency dielectric constant was
predicted as 4.36 by Spitzer-Fan model. Presence of two critical point en-
ergies was revealed with energies of 3.57 and 4.34 eV by achieving the
second-energy derivative analysis of dielectric function. It was determined
that [MoO4]2– complexes and charge transfer from Pb2+ ions into the
neighboring Mo groups were responsible for these interband transitions.
Dissipation function increased with increasing photon energy.

THE TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT DIELECTRICAL PROPERTIES

OF PtSi/nSi SCHOTTKY DIODES
1*
Afandiyeva I.M., 1Lebedeva N.N., 1Akhundov Ch.G., 1Bagirova S.E., 2Babayeva R.F.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Azerbaijan State University of Economics, Azerbaijan
afandiyeva@mail.ru

Contact structures based on the Schottky barrier play an important

role in modern electronics. These structures have some advantages over
p-n-junctions: simple technology, a wide selection of contact materials,
high conversion speed, small geometric areas.
In the presented work, a diode structure with small geometric area
(8x10–6 cm2) was fabrication by the using magnetron sputtering method.

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n-Si (111) with a resistance of 0.7 Ω·sm and a thickness of 3.5 μm was used
as a semiconductor wafer.
Al was used as an ohmic contact. However, it is known that Al has
great diffusion ability. To prevent the penetration of Al through the silicide
film, a diffusion barrier of an amorphous Ti10W90 alloy was placed between
PtSi and Al.
To study the dielectric parameters of the diode, the dependences of
capacitance and conductance on voltage were measured in the tempera-
ture range of 79K-360K. Based on the obtained data, the real and imagi-
nary parts of the dielectric constant and the loss tangent were calculated.
The dependences of the parameters on voltage and temperature were an-
alyzed.
It was revealed that with an increase in the applied voltage, ߝ ᇱ and ߝ ᇱᇱ
increase. With increasing temperature, an increase in these parameters is
also observed. However, the dependence on temperature is irregular. In
the dependence of ‫݊ܽݐ‬δ on voltage, a peak is observed at 0.74-0.82V. At
voltages greater than 1 V, ‫݊ܽݐ‬δ values do not depend on voltage. At the
same time, ‫݊ܽݐ‬δ values increase with increasing temperature.
The obtained result correlates with those previously presented in our
article. It was revealed that in the border region there are patches in which
the concentration of carriers is different and a tunneling process is ob-
served at low temperatures.

ACTIVATION ENERGY OF GAMMA-IRRADIATED HDPE+ %Α-AL2O3

NANOCOMPOSITES

Nabieva A.N.
Institute of Radiation Problems, Ministry of Sciences and Education, Azerbaijan
aysel.nabiyeva21@gmail.com

In the power industry, inorganic filler (particularly aluminum nitride

(AlN), boron nitride (BN), silicon dioxide or silica (SiO2), aluminum oxide
or alumina (Al2O3), titanium oxide or titania (TiO2), silicon carbide (SiC)
and zinc oxide (ZnO), etc.) are usually incorporated into electrical insu-
lating polymers to achieve specific electrical, mechanical, and thermal
properties. In this work, the activation energy of composite system based
on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with filler of alumina oxide (α-Al2O3)
was studied using the method of Thermally Stimulated Depolarization

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Current (TSDC) spectroscopy. HDPE+α-Al2O3 nanocomposite system (the

volume of Al2O3 was 0-10%) obtained by hot pressing method in powder
technology.
Firstly, the samples are converted into electrets by keeping them in
the corona discharge zone at 6kV voltage for 300 seconds. TSDC spectra
are recorded in the temperature range of 0-170qC by placing between two
planar electrodes. Irradiation of polymer and composite samples with
gamma quanta was carried out in the MRX-J-25 device, which works on
the basis of the 60Co isotope.
Before and after irradiation (D=0,50kGy,100kGy), the conductivity ac-
tivation energies were calculated according to the main maximum in the
TSDC spectrum of the samples by the initial growth method.
As a result of the research, it was determined that for corona electrets
obtained at a voltage of 6kV, in the case of D=0Gy, the activation energy
in HDPE+10% α-Al2O3 samples before irradiation is the highest
(Ea=0.43eV), and in HDPE+5% α-Al2O3 samples, the activation energy is the
lowest (Ea=0.189eV).
After D=50 kGy J-irradiation, the value of activation energy for pure
HDPE practically does not change (from 0.94eV to 0.92 eV). The value of
activation energy of HDPE+1% α-Al2O3 composite samples increases from
0.49 eV to 0.69 eV. After irradiation, the smallest Ea was observed in the
HDPE+10%α-Al2O3 composite sample (Ea=0.34eV).
After D=100 kGy J-irradiation, the value of activation energy for pure
HDPE is decreases from 0,92eV to 0,35 eV. As the volume fraction of the
filler increases up to 10%, the value of activation energy increases, as can
be seen from table1.

Table 1
D, kGy 0 1% 5% 10%
0 0,94 0,49 0,189 0,43
50 0,92 0,69 0,7 0,34
100 0,35 1,16 1,44 1,63

Consequently, the influnce of the volume fraction of the filler and J-

irradiation to the composite system are individual.

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DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF POLYPROPYLENE/ZnO BASED

NANOCOMPOSITES
*
Nuriyeva S.G., Gasimova J.N., Shirinova H.A., Karimova A.H., Gahramanli L.R.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
aliyeva-s@list.ru

It was discovered that the dielectric properties of polymer nanocom-

posite materials containing ZnO nanoparticles were different. This pro-
vides the way for their use in a wide range of electrical applications. The
dielectric properties of these nanocomposites are determined by the ma-
trix-particle adhesion, numerous interactions between the semiconductor
and dielectric phases, the composite's supermolecular structure, and the
manner of nanocomposite material creation.
Using solution mixing and hot pressing techniques, nanocomposite
materials are created by incorporating ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) into a pol-
ypropylene (PP) matrix. Thin films of PP/ZnO polymer nanocomposites
with various weight compositions were prepared: 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and
10%.The dielectric permitivity of PP/ZnO nanocomposites at room tem-
perature has been examined in dependence on logarithmic frequency and
temperature.It has been demonstrated that the dielectric permitivity in-
creases as the number of ZnO nanoparticles in the PP matrix increases.The
dielectric permivity of the nanocomposites decreases as the frequency of
the applied field increases. This is due to the material's dipoles being una-
ble to follow the high frequency of the applied field, resulting in a decrease
in dielectric permivity at high frequencies.

ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF FEGA0.4IN1.6SE4 CRYSTAL IN ALTERNATING

ELECTRIC FIELD
1*
Niftiyev N.N., 1,2Mammadov F.M., 1Аghаyevа R.М., 3Muradov M.B.
1
Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University, Azerbaijan
2
Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, Ministry of Sciences and Education,
Azerbaijan
3
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
namiq7@bk.ru

In this work, the electrical conductivity of FeGa0.4In1.6Se4 compound at dif-

ferent frequencies and temperatures was studied. FeGa0.4In1.6Se4 crystallizes
into trigonal syngonium with lattice parameters ܽ ൌ ͵Ǥͻͺ͵% and ܿ ൌ ͵ͺǤͺͳͳ%.

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Figure 1 shows the dependence graph of electrical conductivity on the

frequency of the electric field in the temperature range of ʹͻͶǡͷ ൊ ͵Ͷ͵‫ܭ‬
for the ‫ܽܩ݁ܨ‬଴Ǥସ ‫݊ܫ‬ଵǤ଺ ܵ݁ସ crystal. It can be seen from the figure that with
the increase in frequency, the electrical conductivity increases according
to the law V̱݂ ௌ . It is known that in crystalline and amorphous semicon-
ductors, if the change of electrical conductivity depending on the fre-
quency occurs according to the law ߪሺ߱ሻ̱߱ ௌ , ͲǤͲͳ ൑ ܵ ൑ ͳǤͲ, then it is
assumed that there is a jump mechanism in the conductivity [1].

So, this time, the frequency dependence of the conductivity is ex-

pressed as follows:
ߥ௙ ସ
ߪሺ߱ሻ̱ܶ߱ ቄ݈݊ ቀ ቁቅ ̱߱ ௌ (1)
߱
The temperature dependence of σ is expressed as follows:
ͳ ܶ
ߪሺܶሻఠ ̱ ݁‫ ݌ݔ‬൬ ൰ (2)
ܶ ܶ௢
Here – ߥ௙ is the phonon frequency, ܶ଴ is the characteristic temperature.
According to expression (2), the dependence of electrical conductivity on
temperature at temperatures ܶ ൐ ܶ଴ should give a straight line in the co-
ordinate ݈݊ሺߪ ή ܶሻ̱݂ሺܶሻ. The experimental dependence of ݈݊ሺߪ ή
ܶሻ̱݂ሺܶሻ at the frequency ߥ ൌ ͳͲ଺ ‫ ݖܪ‬in the ‫ܽܩ݁ܨ‬଴Ǥସ ‫݊ܫ‬ଵǤ଺ ܵ݁ସ crystal is
shown in Fig. 2. It can be seen from the figure that the dependence is in
the form of a straight line. This corresponds to the conductivity jump
mechanism. On the other hand, the temperature dependence of electrical
conductivity in the ‫ܽܩ݁ܨ‬଴Ǥସ ‫݊ܫ‬ଵǤ଺ ܵ݁ସ crystal has the character of activation.
Therefore, the conductivity in the ‫ܽܩ݁ܨ‬଴Ǥସ ‫݊ܫ‬ଵǤ଺ ܵ݁ସ compound is charac-
terized by the mixed zone – jump mechanism.

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NICKEL-CONTAINING THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMER NANOCOMPOSITES

BASED ON POLYPROPYLENE

*Guliyeva T.M., Kurbanova N.I.

Institute of Polymer Materials, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
turkanquliyeva30@gmail.com

Thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) are one of the major constructional

materials in modern mechanical engineering. Its products are widely ap-
plied as sealing elements in various cars and mechanisms. Despite the ob-
vious advantages of thermoplastic elastomers in their manufacture, there
are problems associated with the compatibility of the blended compo-
nents of the mixture. This problem becomes even more urgent when polar
polymers are used as blended polymers. In particular, we are talking about
non-polar polyolefins and polar synthetic elastomers. In this regard, vari-
ous methods are being adopted to improve the technological compatibil-
ity of polymer mixtures by introducing into their composition various mod-
ifiers, compatibilizers, structurants, plasticizers, etc.
In the presented work, we studied the effect of small additives of nan-
ofillers (NF) containing nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles stabilized by a pol-
ymer matrix of high-density polyethylene, the properties of mixed TPE
based on isotactic PP and NBR with 18% acrylonitrile. Ratio of composition
components (wt. %): PP/NBR/NF=50/50/ (0.5; 1.0; 2.0). The phase compo-
sition of the obtained nanocomposite was studied by X-ray diffraction
analysis. It is shown that in the studied nanocomposites reflections from
the planes of the crystal lattice of metals were observed, corresponding to
the dhkl series of nickel oxide (NiO), according to the ASTM file.
The physic-mechanical and thermophysical properties of the resulting
nanocomposites were studied. Introduction to the composition of 1.0 wt.
% NF leads to an increase in the strength index from 9.77 to 13.38 MPa,
and strain at break of the composite by 1.2 times. A study of the Vicat
softening point of the obtained compositions showed that the introduc-
tion of PP/BNR (1.0 wt. %) of the nanofiller leads to an increase in the heat
resistance index from 110 to 145°С.
SEM analysis of the resulting nanocomposites showed that when
nickel oxide nanoparticles are added to PP/NBR, a relatively compatible
consistency is formed in the interphase regions of the composite and a
smooth surface with a fine spherulite structure is formed.

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OBTAINING AND STUDYING THE PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES

BASED ON A MIXTURE OF POLYETHYLENES OF HIGH AND LOW PRESSURE
WITH METAL-CONTAINING NANO FILLERS
1*
Mamedova G.H., 2Kurbanova N.I
1
Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Azerbaijan
2
Institute Polymer Materials, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
gunay1991@bk.ru

It is known that the use of d-valence metal nanoparticles (copper,

zinc, cobalt, nickel, etc.) in polymers makes it possible to obtain fundamen-
tally new materials that are widely used in radio and optoelectronics as
magnetic, electrically conductive and optical media.
The purpose of this work was to obtain and study the structure and
properties of composites based on HDPE and LDPE with copper-containing
nanofillers (NF) stabilized by a polymer matrix. In the work used: - High-
pressure polyethylene brand 15803-020, ρ = 0.917 - 0.921, MFI 1.5 - 2.5
g·10–1min (Т=190ºС, load 2.16 kg); - Low pressure polyethylene brand
HM0349PE, ρ = 0.949, MFI 8.3 g·10–1min (Т=190ºС, load 21.6 kg). Nickel-
containing nanoparticles stabilized by a polymer matrix were used as a
nanofiller. The ratio of the components of the composition (wt %):
LDPE/HDPE/NF=50/50/(0;0.3; 0.5; 1.0). Nanocomposite polymeric materi-
als are obtained by mixing sequentially HDPE and LDPE and then with a
copper-containing nanofiller on laboratory rollers at a temperature of
150ºС for 15 minutes. To carry out mechanical tests, the obtained mix-
tures were pressed in the form of plates 1 mm thick at 190ºС and a pres-
sure of 10 MPa for 10 minutes.
Nanocomposite polymer materials based on LDPE and HDPE with cop-
per-containing nanofillers were obtained. The physical-mechanical, thermo-
physical and thermal properties of the obtained nanocomposites are stud-
ied. It has been shown that the introduction of 0.3 – 0.5 mass% of ND into
the composition leads to an increase in the strength index from 16.69 to
19.97 MPa and the deformation values at break of the composite in 1.7
times, the Vicat softening temperature leads from 155°C to 175°C, the acti-
vation energy (Ea) of the decay of the thermal-oxidative destruction of the
obtained nanocomposite is increased from 232.96 to 261.76 kJ/mol.
The obtained results indicate that small quantities of nanofiller intro-
duced into the polymer, evidently, play the role of structure-forming
agents – artificial crystallization nuclei, which favors the appearance of fine
spherulite structure in the polymer, characterized by improved physical-
mechanical and thermal properties of the obtained nanocomposite.
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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

PHOTOLUMINESCENCE SPECTRA OF POLYCRYSTALLINE CVD ZnSe

WHEN CHANGING THE WAVELENGTH OF EXCITATION LIGHT
1*
Musayev M.A., 2Huseynov J.I., 1Askerov D.J., 1Abbasov I.I., 1Hadiyeva A.A.,
3
Mammadova A.J., 1Hasimova N.N.
1
Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Azerbaijan
2
Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University, Azerbaijan
3
Institute of Biophysics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
ibrahimabbasov179 @gmail.com

Samples of polycrystalline ZnSe 3 mm thick were obtained by chemical

vapor deposition (CVD) at the Institute of Chemistry of High-Purity Sub-
stances, Russian Academy of Sciences (Nizhny Novgorod. Growth samples
specially not doped. The concentration of background impurities for the
studied sample of polycrystalline CVD ZnSe was determined by two meth-
ods: atomic emission spectroscopy and laser mass spectrometry. Total im-
purity content <1016−1017 cм–3 (Сu~1016 cм–3). The oxygen concentration is
controlled by chemical gas chromatographic analysis: O̱ 1018-1020 см–3.
The homogeneity region of CVD-zinc selenide has a two-sided charac-
ter and, unlike other zinc chalcogenides, it is characterized by a wide range
of compositions with an excess of oxygen and selenium – ZnSe(O)Se. Pho-
toluminescence spectra were obtained using a universal fluorescence
spectrometer – Fluo Time 300 Easy Tau. A xenon lamp with a power of 300
W was used as an excitation source in the spectrometer. All measure-
ments were carried out at T=300K.
When the excitation energy was changed stepwise with an interval of
5 nm close to the LO-phonon energy (~37-31 meV) in ZnSe, the PL spectra
were observed in wavelength range 451–497 nm, i.e. multi-band exciton
spectra were observed, and when excitation was from 455 nm to 515 nm
with an interval of 10 nm and 20 nm, mainly green and yellow-green spec-
tra were observed in the wavelength range 507-547 nm (Fig.). Wavelength
range 451–497 nm, i.e. multiband exciton spectra were considered and
analyzed in. Green and yellow-green spectra in the wavelength range 507-
547 nm can be attributed to impurity-defect luminescence of polycrystal-
line CVD ZnSe, which is due to oxygen centers on structural defects of the
lattice, including background copper impurities. We believe that the green
luminescence with maxima in the wavelength range 507-547 nm is due to
electron transfer from a small donor (ED ~ 10 - 20 meV) to an associative
acceptor center including oxygen and copper – {Cui Ose}.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

λe
I PL, a.u.

445 465 485 505 525 545 565 585

Wavelength nm
465 nm (2.6667 eV) 475 nm (2.6105 eV)
495 nm (2.5051 eV) 515 nm (2.4078 eV)

Fiq. 1. PL spectra of CVD ZnSe upon excitation with lengths waves: 465-515 nm.

ELECTRONIC RAMAN SCATTERING IN Hg₁₋ₓCdₓTe

1*
Ismayilov T., 1,2Zeynalova S.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
tariyel.i@gmail.com1

Solid solutions Hg1-xCdxTe have proven their advantages in practice

and there are now quite a lot of areas where they are used. Thermal im-
aging equipment based on the use of photodetectors in the infrared range
for wavelengths of 1–30 μm is used in various areas. HgCdTe is the only
common material that can detect infrared radiation in both of the acces-
sible atmospheric windows. These are from 3 to 5 μm (the mid-wave in-
frared window, MWIR) and from 10 to 12 μm (the long-wave window,
LWIR). HgCdTe can also detect in the shortwave infrared (SWIR) atmos-
pheric windows of 2.2 to 2.4 μm and 1.5 to 1.8 μm. It has many more com-
petitors today than ever before. However, none of them can compete with
HgCdTe in fundamental properties. The main advantages of HgCdTe are a
direct band gap, the ability to obtain both low and high concentrations of
charge carriers, high electron mobility and low dielectric constant. An ex-
tremely small change in the crystal lattice period with a change in

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

composition makes it possible to grow high-quality multilayer structures

and structures with a stepped bandgap.
In this paper the theory of the interband electronic Raman scattering
(IERS), for Hg1-xCdxTe with the inverted band structure within the frame-
work of the two-band Kane model is developed. The calculations of the
differential effective cross section (DECS) are made. The analytical expres-
sion for DECS in the case of XX polarizations of incident and scattered ra-
diation in dependence on the frequency shift and “band-gap” ߝ௚ is ob-
tained. A number of general features of the scattering process and the re-
sulting Raman spectrum are examined. The non-resonant and resonant
cases are considered. In both cases, the dependences of DECS on the fre-
quency shift are plotted for various values of the band gap.

THERMOELECTRIC EFFECTS IN SUPERLATTICES DUE TO ELECTRON

SCATTERING BY SHORT-RANGE POTENTIAL
1*
Figarova S.R., 2Huseynov H.I.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction, Azerbaijan
sofyafiqarova@bsu.edu.az

In this work, the anisotropy of electrical conductivity and ther-

mopower of superlattices during the scattering of current carriers by a
short-range potential are studied. It has been revealed that changing the
parameters of superlattices, namely, the period and width of the miniband
and the concentration of impurities leads to a significant increase in the
Seebeck coefficient, which can be used to create thermoelectric convert-
ers. The superlattices with a cosine dispersion law are considered.
The electrical conductivity and thermopower components of quasi-
two-dimensional electronic systems were calculated based on the expres-
sion for current density. In the case of a degenerate electron gas for the
transverse and longitudinal components of the electrical conductivity and
thermopower are obtained.
As seen from obtained expressions the electrical conductivity depends
on the position of the Fermi level relative to the superlattice miniband, the
impurity concentration and also on the degree of filling of the superlattice
miniband. The longitudinal component of electrical conductivity, in addi-
tion, is depended on the effective mass anisotropy. It is shown that the ani-
sotropy of electrical conductivity increases with increasing degree of filling
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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

of the miniband and is determined by the anisotropy of the effective mass.

With an increase in the effective mass along the axis of the superlattice, the
anisotropy of electrical conductivity increases several times.
For thermopower in the plane of the layers and in the direction per-
pendicular to the layers the analytic expressions are found. From this ex-
pressions is follow that in the case of scattering of current carriers by
strongly screened impurity ions, thermopower across the layers is zero. It
is pointed that thermopower has a peculiarity associated with the Cou-
lomb divergence of the relaxation time. It is shown that thermopower is
proportional to the density of states.
It is noted that the significant increase in thermopower compared to
a bulk sample is observed for a quasi-three-dimensional electron gas,
when the Fermi surface is an ellipsoid. The work indicates the possibility
of changing the sign of the thermopower.
Based on the obtained formulas it is shown that in a superlattice with
a high electron gas density and a small miniband width, it is achieved the
essentially higher thermoelectric figure of merit, as compared with a bulk
sample, which results in an increase in the thermoelectric converter effi-
ciency. This increase in thermoelectric efficiency is associated with the
strong scattering of conduction electrons in superlattices and the dimen-
sionality of the electron gas.

TO THE TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY IN

GeS LAYERED MONOCRYSTALLINE OF ER ADDITIVE ATOMS EFFECT
1*
Alekperov A.S., 2Ilyasova T.I., 3Ismailov M.I.
1
Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University, Azerbaijan
2
Azerbaijan University of Construction and Architecture, Azerbaijan
3
Nahchivan State University, Azerbaijan
1
aydin60@inbox.ru, 2azmiu_telli@mail.ru

The photoconductivity of the GeS: Er layered monocrystalline in a

wide range of temperatures has been studied. In the temperature domain
125÷250K, the activation energy was ∆E=0.20 eV, and in the temperature
domain 250 ÷ 320K, it was. e=0.4 eV. And when T > 300K, the crystal loses
photosensitivity, the electrical conductivity is metallic. Complex formed by
ER atoms on the surface and volume of the crystal create deep centers of
seizure and recombination. With an increase in temperature, there is a
discharge of these centers, a jump of load carriers into the conductive

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zone. Because of this, the photosensitivity of the crystals decreases, the

electrical conductivity is metallic. The restoration of its former photosen-
sitivity by recooling of the crystal makes it possible to make thermokey
from GeS:Er layered monocrystals.

TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE of the KINETIC COEFFICIENTS

of Bi0.97 Sb0.03 ALLOY
1*
Musayev A.A., 2Yuzbashov E.R.
1
National Aviation Academy, Azerbaijan
2
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
eltaj.yuzbashov@physics.science.az

Investigation of solid solutions of Bi1-xSbx displays that those solutions

are perspective materials for fundamental materials science, condensed
matter physics, low temperature thermoelectrics, infrared applications,
and beyond. Moreover, those materials are of broad interest from the the-
oretical aspect. Due to the smallness of the characteristic energetic pa-
rameters of solid solutions of Bi-Sb, those materials are very sensitive to
the external impacts (temperature, pressure, presence of electroactive
impurities, defects, etc.). By varying external influence in comparatively
small range, it is possible to investigate topology of Fermi surface, various
phase transitions, alter the statistics of charge carriers in rather broad
range etc. That is why these materials are still being investigated as bulk
materials, thin films and nanoscale structures. Also, it was predicted that
different kinds of Dirac cone systems can be synthesized based on the sin-
gle crystal Bi1-xSbx thin films materials, including single-Dirac cone, bi-Dirac
cone, tri-Dirac cone, exact-Dirac cone, semi-Dirac cone, and quasi-Dirac
cone, and also including Dirac cones with different anisotropic degrees. Fu
and Kane predicted the topological insulator phase in Bi1-xSbx surface
states, which is experimentally proved by Hsieh et al. These discovers in
Bi1-xSbx surface states directly lead to the intensively focused area of top-
ological insulator, which promises potential applications in spintronics, su-
perconductivity, quantum computing, etc.
The temperature dependence (in the 80 K – 300 K range) of the following
components of the tensor of electric resistance in low magnetic fields – two
components of specific resistance (ρ11 and ρ33), two components of Hall effect
(ρ231 and ρ123) and, five components of magnetoresistance (ρ11,11, ρ11,22, ρ11,33,
ρ33,11, ρ33,33) – for the alloy of Bi0.97Sb0.03 were measured.

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Due to the calculations the following kinetic parameters were deter-

mined: carrier densities of electrons N and holes P; their mobilities μ1, μ2,
μ3 and ν1, ν2, ν3, correspondingly; and the tilt angle of electronic isoener-
getic ellipsoids to the bisectrix axis (ϕe ). Calculations were carried out for
two-band (L electrons and T holes) and three-band (L electrons, L and T
holes) models. When looking for suitable materials for thermoelectric con-
verters, it is often enough to know the average kinetic parameters for sin-
gle crystals or parameters for polycrystalline samples of the same compo-
sition. So, to estimate the values of some kinetic coefficients we used the
averaged values of the measured galvanomagnetic coefficients too.

COMPARATIVE ADSORPTION STUDY OF Fe(III) IONS ONTO ODIFIED

ADSORBENTS
*
Eyyubova E.E.., Nagiyev Kh.J., Chyragov F.M.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
esmira024@yahoo.com

This work includes synthesis of a new adsorbent based on maleic an-

hydride styrene copolymer (MAST) and amines (S) and further modifica-
tion of them with 4,4'-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azanylylidene))bis(pentane-2-
one). Synthesis of adsorbent was carried by the known method. Further
we modified resulting products with R. Afterwards results of modified with
reagent products were compared with basic products before modification.
During research we studied influence of various parameters on ad-
sorption process, especially effect of pH, contact time, ionic strength, ini-
tial metal ions concentration and etc. Thesis also involves studying of de-
sorption process and influence of various organic and Inorganic acids on
desorption process. Results have shown that HNO3 is the best eluent.
Adsorption process was characterized by several adsorption iso-
therms and kinetic models. Results agreed best with Langmuir model. It
was found that equilibrium data can best be explained the pseudo-second-
order model. Investigation have shown that compared to initial products,
for which adsorption capacities were equal to 404.88 and 348 mg/g, mod-
ified adsorbents show higher adsorption capacity over Fe(III) ions and are
equal to 890.68 and 479.2 mg/g correspondingly.
Synthesized adsorbents were characterized by the Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and

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Ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy (Uv/Vis). Temperature stability of adsor-

bent has been investigated by thermal analysis methods (TG, DTA, DDTA).
Resulting products were applied for determination of Fe(III) ions in
fruits.

SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF THE HUMEN β-CASOMORPHIN-7 MOLECULE

*Akhmedov N.A., Agayeva L.N., Ismailova L.I.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
Namiq.49@bk.ru

The first known exorphins were obtained by in vitro pepsin hydrolysis

of α-casein and wheat gluten. The resistance of exorphins to the action of
pancreatic enzymes has been proven, and the opioid activity of these pep-
tides in vivo has been confirmed. It turned out that opioid-like derivatives
of casein and gluten inhibit the activity of adenylate cyclase in cell culture,
inhibit contractions of the mouse vas deferens, and also displace radio-
labeled opioid receptor agonists from the binding sites on rat brain slices.
Among the exorphins of animal origin, the derivatives of milk proteins are
best studied. The most famous are milk exorphins (β-casomorphins-4, -5,
-6, -7) - products of enzymatic hydrolysis of β-casein in cow's milk.
The spatial structure of the human β-casomorphin–7 molecule H-
Tyr1-Pro2-Phe3-Val4-Glu5-Pro6-Ile7-OH has been studied in fragments. At
the first stage, based on the low-energy structures of the corresponding
amino acid residues, the conformational capabilities of the N-terminal
Tyr1-Val4 and C-terminal Val4-Ile7 tetrapeptide fragments were studied.
At the second stage, based on the optimal conformations of these
tetrapeptide regions, the spatial structure of the human β-casomorphin-7
molecule was studied. The calculation showed that there is a sharp differ-
entiation between the energies of shapes, main chain forms and confor-
mations. The conformations of eight shapes and eight forms of the main
chain fall into the energy range of 0-7 kcal/mol.
It was shown that the N-terminal tetrapeptide fragment is conforma-
tionally rigid, and the C-terminal tetrapeptide region is conformationally la-
bile. For the N-terminal tetrapeptide fragment, 3 structures are possible. In
stable conformations, the contribution of nonvalent interactions varies in
the energy range (-30.2) – (-24.4) kcal/mol, electrostatic - (0.5-8.3) kcal/mol,
torsion - (3.9) - (6.1) kcal/mol. The global conformation of the molecule is
B1BR1R2B22BB21 of the eeffee shape. This conformation is profitable for

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nonvalent and electrostatic interactions. In it, the N- and C-terminal dipep-

tide regions are in the unfolded form of the main chain, and the central
tripeptide fragment is in the folded form. This brings the N- and C-termini
of the molecule closer together, which leads to their effective interactions
and the formation of a hydrogen bond between them. In other low-energy
conformations, effective electrostatic interactions do not occur.
Thus, the spatial structure of the β-casomorphin-7 molecule can be
represented by nine structural types. It can be suggested that the mole-
cule performs its physiological functions in these structures. Based on
these structures, synthetic analogs of the molecule can be proposed. The
theoretical conformational analysis of the β-casomorphin-7 heptapeptide
has led to such a structural organization of the molecule that does not ex-
clude the implementation by the molecule of a number of functions that
require strictly specific interactions with various receptors.

STRUCTURE OF THE IRON OXIDE FexOy COMPLEXES WITH GLUCOSE

AND DI-GLUCOSE
Abbasova G.C., *Hajiyeva L.S.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
abbasova1962@mail.ru

The most promising direc ons in the research of the structure and
proper es of biological systems at the molecular and cellular level are re-
lated to nanobiotechnology, the purpose of which is to control the
transport of medicines and diagnos c tools. The prospects of modern di-
agnos c and clinical medicine are based on the use of nanopar cles, that
seek out tumors and bind to their blood vessels, and then a ract more
nanopar cles to the tumor target. The prospects for nanomedicine are
since a par cle can perform more func ons than a drug. Nanopar cles
from superparamagne c from superparamagne c amino dextran-coated
iron oxide (SPIO) are widely used in the clinic to enhance MRI imaging.
In this report the spa al and electronic structure of the glucose and
di-glucose, the dextran monomer units, and their complexes with iron ox-
ide FexOy was inves gated by molecular mechanics and quantum chemis-
try methods. Calcula on models were constructed on the base of atoms
coordinates in accordance with results of molecular mechanics calcula-
ons by the MM+ method. The main electronic parameters such as elec-
tron and nuclear energy, electron density distribu on, electron and

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nuclear forces, total dipole moments and dipole moments of individual

bonds in dependence of low-energy conforma onal state were analyzed
according to result of PM3 semiempirical calcula on method.
The geometrical parameters of the di-glucose complex with iron oxide
are characterized by the following values: (i) Fe=O and Fe-O bond lengths
are 1.73 Å and 1.85 Å (instead of 1.49 Å and 1.77 Å for the free iron oxide);
(ii) Fe-O-Fe valence angle is 119.360; (iii) O=Fe-O is 119.00.

Fig. 1. Spa al model of a complex

of di-glucose with iron oxide

The calcula on results will be used for describing the a achment of

tumor seeking pep de molecules to the dextran-coated iron oxide nano-
par cles. SPIO’s labeled with a set of different pep des with individual tar-
ge ng might be of interest in the future.

EPR AND TEM STUDIES OF BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS

*
Nasibova A.N., Khalilov R.I.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
Institute of Radiation Problems, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
aygunnasibova21@gmail.com

In our research conducted by the EPR method, new paramagnetic

centers formed under the influence of the stress factor in natural systems
characteristic of the Absheron Peninsula were studied. For the first time,
when studying the effect of different stress factors on different natural
systems, it was found that a broad EPR signal (g=2.32; ΔH=320 G) charac-
terizing iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles is recorded in living systems as
a result of the biomineralization during the influence of stress factors. The
obtained EPR spectra suggest that stress induces new magnetic properties
in natural systems.
In order to clarify the events, further studies were devoted to in vitro
studies with chloroplasts isolated from higher plants (spinach (Spinacia))
to clarify the mechanism of the formation of magnetic nanoparticles in bi-
ological systems. It has been studied by the EPR method that iron ions af-
fect the photosynthetic activity of chloroplasts and iron-based magnetic

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

nanoparticles are formed in the initial stages of photosynthesis in chloro-

plasts during stress.
Experiments conducted with some animal organisms (laboratory rats
(Wistar albino), grape snails (Helix pomatia)) showed that nanophase crys-
talline magnetic particles are generated in their various organs during the
influence of stress factors.
Our results were confirmed by microscopic studies, Transmission
Electron Microscopy (TEM) method and Messbauer spectroscopy method.
Microscopic images of the distribution of nanoparticles in chloroplasts and
liver organs of laboratory rats were obtained.

UREA-ETHANOL-WATER SYSTEMS RESEARCH BY VISCOSIMETRY METHOD

1*
Hajiyeva Sh.N., 1*Ahmedova A.B., 2Orucova N.F., 1Babayeva F.Kh.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Azerbaijan Technology University, Azerbaijan
m-shahla@yandex.ru;, orucovan432@gmail.com

Water is the most common substance in nature. This seemingly sim-

ple substance is a very mysterious liquid from a scientific point of view.
Although water is a model of all substances in our consciousness, we call
it extraordinary. It may be asked what is the unusualness of water. The
point is that one cannot show a property of water that is not anomalous,
that is, the change of state of water due to changes in pressure, tempera-
ture and other factors, unlike other liquids, does not deviate from the gen-
eral principles of physics. The unusual properties of water help it perform
a number of functions in living organisms. Water transports substances
through osmosis and diffusion in the body, protects cells and organs, etc.
performs very important functions. The study of changes in the structure
of water under the influence of various substances is one of the most ur-
gent problems facing modern science.
In order to characterize the structural features that arise in solution,
it is very useful to analyze the changes of the viscous flow activation pa-
rameters due to change of temperature and concentration. In this work,
the density and dynamic viscosity of urea-ethanol-water systems in differ-
rent concentration and temperature ranges were measured and the acti-
vation parameters of viscous flow were calculated, as well as the concen-
tration dependences of various isotherms of the activation parameters of
viscous flow were studied. Note that the activation Gibbs energy of viscous

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

flow was calculated based on Eyring's theory, and the activation enthalpy
of viscous flow and the activation entropy of viscous flow were calculated
based on thermodynamic relations.
It was determined that urea has a destructive effect on the structure
of both water and the ethanol-water system in the entire concentration
range. Ethanol has a structuring effect on the structure of both water and
the urea-water system in small concentrations, and has a destructive ef-
fect starting from a certain concentration value. The destructive effect of
urea on the structure of water has been confirmed by many methods. This
is proven again if we look at the changes in the viscous flow activation pa-
rameters. We can describe the interaction of water with ethyl alcohol as
follows: in small concentrations of ethyl alcohol, its molecules enter the
cage without destroying the water cage. OH groups of alcohol are con-
nected to water molecules in the cage due to hydrogen bonding, and as a
result, water becomes more structured. It is clear that the penetration of
alcohol molecules into the cage without destroying the structure of water
can last only up to a certain concentration. It can be assumed that in a
certain concentration range, two structures or "microphases" exist in the
solution, one of which is inside the other. In one "microphase", water mol-
ecules participate in the formation of a single network of hydrogen bonds,
and in the other phase, there are ethyl alcohol molecules, which destroy
the structure by combining water molecules with itself. Thus, an increase
in the concentration of ethyl alcohol in the solution leads to the disinte-
gration of the created structure.

STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF Kl IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION

Pashayev B.G.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
p.g.bakhtiyar@gmail.com

Potassium and iodine ions (K+ and I¯) play an important role in most
biological processes in the living organism: Potassium ion regulates the
amount of water in seeds, improves heart function, plays an important
role in the functioning of the nervous system, and iodine ion regulates the
activity of the nervous and cardiovascular systems, it is also necessary to
increase immunity and synthesize thyroxine, the hormone of the thyroid
gland, etc. In this regard, it is necessary and very interesting to study the
structural characteristics of KI salt in aqueous solutions.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

In this work, the structural characteristics of the water-KI system were

studied based on the study of viscous flow, volume, electrical conductivity
and spectroscopic properties of the solutions in the infrared region. For
this purpose, the dynamic viscosity, density and specific electrical conduc-
tivity of aqueous solutions of KI salt at different temperatures and concen-
trations were measured, also, absorption spectra of solutions in different
concentrations at room temperature in the infrared range were recorded
and the frequency of OH valence oscillations of water molecules was de-
termined. Using results from experience of aqueous solutions of the KI salt
at the considered temperatures and concentrations activation Gibbs en-
ergy of viscous flow, activation enthalpy of viscous flow, activation entropy
of viscous flow, partial molar volume of KI in solution, thermal volume ex-
pansion coefficient of solution, activation Gibbs energy of ionic conductiv-
ity, activation enthalpy of ionic conductivity, activation entropy of ionic
conductivity, effective radii and hydration numbers of potassium and io-
dine ions, hydrogen bond energy and length were calculated.
The analysis of viscous flow properties of an aqueous solution of KI
salt shows that the activation Gibbs energy of viscous flow first decreases
with increasing concentration at low temperatures, passes through the
minimum (minimum observed concentration xmin≈0.04 at 10qC, xmin≈0.03
at 20qC, xmin≈0.02 at 30qC, xmin≈0.01 at 50qC corresponds to the molar
part), then it increases, and at high temperatures (55qC, 60qC) it only in-
creases. The activation enthalpy and entropy of viscous flow only decrease
with increasing concentration. The analysis of the volume properties of the
aqueous solution of KI salt shows that the thermal expansion coefficient
and the partial molar volume of KI in solution increase depending on the
concentration. The analysis of electrical conductivity properties of the
aqueous solution of KI salt shows that the effective radii and hydration
numbers of potassium and iodine ions are ref(K+)≈3.18Å, ref(I¯)≈3.13Å and
Nh(K+)≈11.4, Nh(I¯)≈7.6 becomes, also in the temperature range consid-
ered values of effective radius and hydration number for both ions are al-
most independent of temperature. The activation Gibbs energy, activation
enthalpy and activation entropy of ionic conductivity decrease with in-
creasing temperature. The analysis of spectroscopic properties of the
aqueous solution of KI salt in the infrared range shows that with the in-
crease in concentration, the frequency of OH valence oscillations and the
length of the hydrogen bond increase, while the energy of the hydrogen
bond decreases.
The obtained results can be explained on the basis of the hydration

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

process, which occurs due to the electrostatic connection effects between

ions and water molecules. Since potassium and iodine ions are negatively
hydrated ions, in the electric field of these ions, water molecules are
weakly connected to each other than in pure water. This situation mani-
fests itself in the concentration dependences of the activation entropy of
the viscous flow, the partial molar volume of KI in the solution, the hydro-
gen bond energy, as well as the values of the effective radii and hydration
numbers of potassium and iodine ions. Thus, the analysis of viscous flow,
volume, electrical conductivity and spectroscopic properties of the water-
KI system in the infrared region shows that KI salt has a destructive effect
on the structure of water, and this effect becomes stronger with an in-
crease in the concentration of KI in the solution.

STRUCTURE AND CONFORMATION OF MACROMOLECULAR CHAIN IN

WATER-PEG-KI SYSTEMS

Masimov E.A., Pashayev B.G., *Hajiyeva Sh.N.

Baku State University, Azerbaijan
pgbakhtiyar@gmail.com

The processes happened in water-polyethylene glycol-salt biological

systems can be imagined as a simple model of the processes happened in
the living world. Consequently, the study of such systems is interesting.
Determining the conformation, sizes, and intensity of interactions be-
tween particles of polyethylene glycol (PEG) macromolecule in water-pol-
yethylene glycol-salt systems and studying the effect of various salts on
these conditions are urgent issues.
In this study, the kinematic viscosity of water-PEG-KI systems was stud-
ied, the concentration range of KI was 0-0.05 molar parts and polyethylene
glycol was 0-5 g/dl, and fractions of PEG with molecular masses of 1000,
1500, 3000, 4000 and 6000 were taken. The characteristic viscosity ([η]) of
the studied aqueous solutions, the Huggins constant (KH), the α parameter
included in the Mark-Kun-Hauvink formula, the characteristic viscosity in θ-
solvent ([η]θ), the swelling coefficient of the PEG macromolecule (β), in the
solution (‹h›) and in the θ-solvent (‹hθ›) the mean square distance between
the ends of the PEG macromolecule chain, the length of the Kuhn segment
in the solution (A) and the θ-solvent (Aθ), and these parameters are deter-
mined from the concentration of KI (x) dependent changes were analyzed.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Researchers show that for fractionated PEG taken in water-PEG-KI systems,

with increasing concentration of KI, the value of characteristic viscosity de-
creases, while the value of Huggins constant increases. The decrease in the
characteristic viscosity of the solution depending on the concentration of KI
is due to the decrease in the volume of the PEG macromolecule and the
decrease in the viscosity of the solution. As the concentration of KI in-
creases, the value of the Huggins constant increases, indicating that the sol-
ubility of PEG in water-KI systems deteriorates depending on the concentra-
tion. This is probably due to the hydration of KI ions (K+ and I¯) in the solu-
tion. For water-PEG-KI system, the value of parameter α included in the
Mark-Kun-Hauvink formula was determined. The α parameter takes values
in the range (0.71-0.78) at a temperature of 200C and in the concentration
range of KI, we are looking at. This indicates that the PEG macromolecule is
in the form of a wash in the water-KI environment, which the surrounding
liquid can penetrate. The α parameter increases somewhat with the in-
crease in the concentration of KI. This indicates the opening of the PEG mac-
romolecular mesh with increasing concentration.
It was determined that the characteristic viscosity of the θ-solvent
chosen for the water-PEG-KI systems decreases with the increase in the
concentration of KI. This is probably due to a partial decrease in the vol-
ume of the molecular shell and the viscosity of the θ-solvent medium. One
of the parameters that determine the characteristics of a macromolecule
in solution is the swelling coefficient. It was determined that β > 1 for all
considered cases and the swelling coefficient of PEG macromolecule in
water-KI systems increases with increasing concentration of KI. It can be
assumed that as the concentration of KI in the solution increases, β in-
creases, K+ and I¯ ions in the solution have negative hydration, the viscosity
of the medium decreases, and the conformational transformation of the
macromolecule is related. The obtained results show that the mean
square distance between the ends of the PEG macromolecule chain, both
excited in the water-PEG-KI system and unexcited in the θ-solvent, de-
creases with the increase in the concentration of KI. Probably, as the con-
centration of KI increases, the parameters ‹h› and ‹hθ› decrease due to the
decrease in the hydration number of PEG and the decrease in the volume
of the macromolecular wash. It was determined that the length of the
Kuhn segment of PEG macromolecule excited in water-PEG-KI systems and
unexcited in θ-solvent decreases as the concentration of KI in the solution
increases. When adding KI to the water-PEG system, since K+ and I¯ ions
are also hydrated, the hydration number of the PEG macromolecule

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

decreases, its size decreases, and its polarity decreases, as a result, the
interactions between water and PEG molecules are weakened. We believe
that for these reasons, as the concentration of KI in the water-PEG-KI sys-
tem and θ-solvent increases, the mobility of the PEG macromolecule in-
creases.

SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF CHITOSAN AND

CROSS-LINKED CHITOSAN COATED MAGNETITE NANOPARTICLES
FOR ANTICANCER APPLICATIONS
1*
Karimova A.H., 1Mehdiyeva A.R., 2Yagublu V., 1Nuriyeva S.G.,
2
Shirinova H.A., 1Gahramanli L.R.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
University of Heidelberg, Germany
aynurakarimova16@gmail.com

In the last decades, the development of innovative methods for can-

cer therapy has drawn intense attention due to the increasing of patients’
amount and the inefficiency of the present conventional treatments. In
this study, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were syn-
thesized by the co-precipitation method. Then the nanoparticles were
modified by coating them with chitosan and crosslinked chitosan to im-
prove their biocompatibility and increase drug loading efficiency. The
structure of the coated and drug-loaded SPIONs was learned by X-ray dif-
fraction. It was found that depending on the type of coating agent, the size
of the crystallites was changed. Thus, the crystallite sizes in chitosan and
crosslinked chitosan-coated samples were approximately 13 nm and 17
nm, respectively. Furthermore, UV-Vis analysis showed that the drug load-
ing efficiency in crosslinked chitosan-coated samples increased by ~26%,
while no significant changes in the size of the crystallites were observed
according to the results of the X-ray structure analysis. This study empha-
sizes the significance of optimizing the surface properties of magnetic na-
noparticles when using them in biomedical applications.
The potential of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in drug delivery sys-
tems (DDSs) is mainly related to its magnetic core and surface coating.
These coatings can eliminate or minimize their aggregation under physio-
logical conditions. Also, they can provide functional groups for bioconju-
gation to anticancer drugs and/or targeted ligands.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

THE ROLE OF SPECTRAL TRAJECTORY CORRESPONDING TO VOICE

ENERGY MAXIMA IN PERSON IDENTIFICATION
1
Aliyev L.P., 2Gaziyeva N.G., 1*Guliyeva S.K.
1
Forensic Expertise Center of the Ministry of Justice, Azerbaijan
2
Institute of Linguistics n.a. Nasimi of ANAS, Azerbaijan
n.qazi@inbox.ru, Seva.quliyeva1993@mail.ru

Formant frequencies are frequencies corresponding to the main

acoustic resonances - energy maxima, which depend on the dimensions of
the vocal tract in the spectrum of the speech signal. The flow of air from
the human lungs makes the source of sound - the vocal cords - vibrate.
The vibration of the vocal cords creates the main tone and many harmon-
ics. The oral cavity, nasal cavity and pharynx cavity together are a system
of resonators, which can change their configuration (and therefore also
change their specific frequency) in relation to each other. The sound
source creates its own oscillations in the system of resonators. The human
voice we hear is a complex sound obtained as a result of the transfor-
mation of the sounds generated in the sound source, the resonator sys-
tem. The specific frequencies of the resonator, which are relatively strong
in the spectral composition of the sound, are formant frequencies.
Formants are created during the propagation of sound waves from
the sound source in the vocal tract. The sound wave from the vocal fold
reaches the lip and is partly radiated from the lip and partly reflected back
from the lip. The sound wave traveling from the vocal folds to the speak-
er's lips and returning from the lips creates resonance. If the sound wave
reflected from the open end of the tract – the lip – returns to its source,
then the returning wave is in the same phase or the opposite phase with
the original wave radiated from the sound source. When the meeting
waves are in the same phase (when the path difference is equal to an in-
teger multiple of the wavelength), energy maxima occur, which makes it
possible to equalize the dimensions of the vocal tract.
The frequency of the formant is determined by the configuration of
the speech source and is not affected by the sound source property. The
fact that the resonance property of the system of resonators consisting of
the nose, throat and oral cavity does not depend on the sound source al-
lows to associate the formant frequency only with the property of the pro-
nunciation organs. That is, it is possible to make a judgment about the
state of the organs of pronunciation according to the formant frequency.
In the acoustic classification of vowels, the characteristics of the

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

division of formant trajectories according to phases act as an important

identification indicator. Conducted studies show that the division of for-
mant trajectories of vowel sounds by phases does not only depend on the
consonant sounds surrounded by the vowel sound, but also characterizes
the geometric dimensions of the speaker's speech apparatus, which is con-
sidered an important criterion for speaker identification.

LASER ABLATION Si THIN FILMS

Mammadov V.U.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
mammadovv@gmail.com

The rapid development of lasers with ultrashort pulses opens new

possibilities for precision processing of materials, in particular silicon. Due
to its thermodynamic, physicochemical and semiconductor properties, sil-
icon is widely used in micro- and nanoelectronics, sensor technology, bio-
medicine, etc. In this regard, at present, interest in the effect of laser radi-
ation on silicon and the SiO2/Si system (a layer of silicon dioxide on the
surface of a single-crystal silicon wafer) is continuously growing. It is
known that when laser pulses impact the surface of crystalline solids and
a single crystal of silicon, the generation of structural defects in the surface
layer is possible - vacancies and interstitial silicon atoms, the concentra-
tion of which during laser exposure can change compared to the original
by several orders of magnitude and reach values of 1019−1021 cm–3. The
combination of extended defects into larger defects (in networks of dislo-
cations or accumulation of pores) can initiate the formation of microcracks
and destruction of the surface even before the start of melting. In, solid-
phase destruction of the silicon surface under the influence of laser pulses
in air and vacuum was studied.
The studies were carried out on industrial silicon wafers KDB-10 (111),
KEF-4.5 (100) with a layer of native silicon oxide several tens of nanome-
ters thick and a SiO2 layer thickness from 120 to 300 nm, grown by thermal
oxidation. Irradiation was carried out using the Mini Marker 2 laser system.
This system includes a pulsed laser with a wavelength λ = 1062 nm. Nom-
inal laser output power 20 W, pulse duration 100 ns. The pulse repetition
rate can be adjusted from 20 kHz to 100 kHz. Control of experimental sam-
ples was carried out using an optical microscope of the Axio Imager A1m
type from Carl Zeiss, equipped with a high-resolution digital video camera.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

All experiments were carried out in the focused laser beam mode when
the diameter of the irradiation spot on the substrate was 50 μm. The sub-
strate surface temperature and its area distribution were assessed in real
time using a FLIR SC7000 series thermal imager.
The results of micro structuring of the SiO2/Si system are influenced by
factors such as radiation power, radiation energy density, pulse repetition fre-
quency and duration, beam scanning speed, and the amount of overlap of
the irradiation area by scanning lines. Based on this, at the initial stage, studies
were carried out related to the choice of modes for scanning a laser spot on
the irradiated area of the substrate (irradiation area 5 × 5 mm2, spot diameter
50 μm), since such data were absent in the literature. As a result of this stage
of work, the laser beam scanning modes were selected: scanning speed – 100
mm/s, amount of scanning line overlap – 1000 lines/mm.
The paper presents the results of a study of the process of laser abla-
tion of silicon when irradiated by a scanning laser beam with a wavelength
λ = 1062 nm. It has been shown that the process of silicon ablation under
these conditions occurs without silicon melting. The determining factor in
this process is the total number of laser pulses incident on the irradiation
area. Irradiation modes that affect the composition of the resulting abla-
tion products have been determined. The process of silicon ablation with
the subsequent formation of silicon dioxide in the above modes is not af-
fected by either the silicon parameters (conductivity type, orientation, and
resistivity) or the presence or absence of a silicon dioxide layer on the sur-
face of the silicon substrate.

SYNTHESIS OF NEW COMPLEXES OF 1 PHENYL-2,3-DIMETHYLPYROZA-

LON-5-AZO-4 PYROGALLOL REAGENT AND CETYLTRIMETHYLAMMONIUM
BROMIDE WITH SILVER NANOPARTICLES

¹*Imamaliyeva A., ²Hajiyeva F., ³Ciraqov F.

Baku State University, Azerbaijan
aytenimamaliyeva@hotmail.com

Silver (Ag) nanoparticles have been intensively studied in recent years

due to their potential application in bio diagnostics, visualization, sensing,
analytical determination, and other fields. Ag nanoparticles have unusual
physicochemical properties, including size, shape, distance, optical prop-
erties, and high molar extinction coefficient.

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In this study, new complexes of silver nanoparticles were synthesized

based on 1 phenyl-2,3-dimethylpyrazolone-5-azo-4-pyrogallol reagent (R)
and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. First, a 10-³ M solution of the rea-
gent is prepared in a water-alcohol mixture. 10 ml of pre-prepared 0.01 M
Ag nanoparticle solution was added to 50 ml of 10-3 M reagent and stirred
in a magnetic stirrer for 2 hours. The color of the obtained solution
changes from dark red to red and a binary complex is formed. Then, to
synthesize the ternary complex, 10 ml of 0.01 M Ag nanoparticle solution
was added to 50 ml of 10-³ M reagent and mixed again for 2 hours. After
2 hours, 5 ml of 0.5% CTAB solution was added to it and continued to be
mixed. The color of the solution changes from red to light red and a ternary
complex is obtained. CTAB plays the role of an additional stabilizer for the
stability of the complex when silver nanoparticles form a complex with a
given reactant.
UV spectra of binary and ternary complexes formed by silver nanopar-
ticles with 1 phenyl-2,3-dimethylpyrazolon-5-azo-4 pyrogallol reagent and
CTAB were studied. As is known from the literature, depending on the size
of silver nanoparticles, the maximum intensity of their absorption bands
varies between 400-450 nm. The maximum peak in the absorption band
of silver nanoparticles is located at a wavelength of 416 nm. In the UV ab-
sorption band of 1 phenyl-2,3-dimethylpyrazolone-5-azo-4 pyrogallol rea-
gent, maxima are observed at wavelengths of 234 nm, 271 nm, 354 nm,
386 nm, 422 nm. In the UV spectrum of the Ag-R binary complex, maxima
are observed at 211 nm, 261 nm, 365 nm, 401 nm, and 429 nm wave-
lengths. During the formation of the binary complex, a bathochromic shift
occurs due to the reagent. The peaks in the absorption band of the ternary
complex formed upon the addition of CTAB shift to 207 nm, 237 nm, 276
nm due to the reagent and at this time hypochromic shift is observed. Ag
nanoparticles coated with surfactant and forming a complex with 1 phe-
nyl-2,3dimethylpyrazolone-5-azo-4 pyrogallol reagent is explained by the
formation of new peaks in the absorption band and color change due to
surface plasmon resonance.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

SPECTRAL TRAJECTORY REFLECTION OF THE INFLUENCE

OF NEIGHBORING SOUNDS ON THE ENERGY MAXIMUM F2 OF A VOWEL
SOUND
1
Aliyev L.P., 2*Gaziyeva N.G., 1Guliyeva I. I., 1Aghamaliyeva A.V.
1
Forensic Expertise Center of the Ministry of Justice, Azerbaijan
2
Institute of Linguistics named after Nasimi of ANAS, Azerbaijan
latif_aliyev@mail.ru

In the spectral representation of sound, the stronger specific fre-

quency of the resonator system consisting of the mouth, nose and phar-
yngeal cavities - formants is considered an important identifying feature in
the identification of a person according to his oral speech. The absolute
values of formant frequencies depend on the size of the vocal tract, and
each formant is determined by all parts of the speech tract. Therefore,
when talking about the F-landscape of vowels, it is necessary to take into
account not the absolute values of the formants, but their location relative
to the boundaries of the formant space.
The distribution of the formant trajectory according to the transition
phases is closely related to the sounds the vowel is surrounded by, and co-
articular effects have a greater effect on the F2 formant, which is closely
related to the constriction of the vocal tract. Sometimes, the II phase of
the F2 formant-the stationary phase disappears altogether (Fig. 2).

Fig. 1. Division of accented vowel (i) according to transition phases of formant trajecto-
ries. 1 – excursion, 2 – stationary, 3 – recursion.

The characteristics of the coarticulation part are characterized by dif-

ferent points depending on the acoustic quality of the sounds used to-
gether, and this area reflects the characteristics of both the vowel and the
consonant that precedes it. So, the F1 of the vowel used after the morph-
ing consonant is always reduced. F2 either decreases or increases depending
on the value of the stationary part of the vowel and the value of F2 of the

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Fig. 2. In sound (a), the stationary part of the F2 formant is lost.

consonant. It depends on the place of formation of consonants. Since nasal

consonants, unlike other sonorants, have not two, but three resonators, the
open transition to the nasal cavity creates a very large resonator and, ac-
cordingly, a strong resonance in the region of 200-300 Hs. For /n/, which is
a small oral resonator, this resonance is slightly higher. In addition, a case of
weakening (anti-resonance) is observed in the F2 region of the neighboring
vowel for nasal consonants. In Figure 2, the loss of the stationary part of the
F2 formant in the /a/ sound is related to the acoustic quality of the /n/ sound
processed before it and the effect of these features.

MoS2 THIN FILM: PREPARATION TECHNOLOGY AND CHARACTERIZATION

Bagiyev E.A.
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
elnurbagiyev@gmail.com

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), consisting of weakly interacting layers

have attracted a lot of attention in recent years because of its fascinating
electrical and optical properties and the tunable band gap depending on
the number of atomic layers. Bulk MoS2 has an indirect band gap of ⁓1.2
eV, whereas a single layer has a direct band gap of ⁓1.8 eV. Moreover, a
monolayer of MoS2 is working as a highly efficient photoresponsive semi-
conducting material in the visible range, making the material interesting
for optoelectronic applications, such as LEDs, photovoltaic and solar en-
ergy harvesting. Not long ago, a single-layer MoS2 films were used to con-
struct a high-gain transistors and phototransistors.
The MoO3 films of 3, 5 and 30 nm nominal thicknesses were deposited
onto SiO2/Si substrates (SiO2 thickness was about 100 nm) in a Plasma En-
hanced-Atomic Layer Deposition (PE-ALD) system (SI ALD LL, SENTECH In-
struments).
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For the sulfurization procedure, MoO3 films were placed at the center
of a 1-inch diameter single zone tube furnace. The furnace and samples
were pumped/purged multiple times from low vacuum to atmospheric
pressure under Ar flow (250 sccm 99.999% Ar). The temperature of the
furnace was increased from room temperature to 700°C over 10-20
minutes and kept at temperature for 60 minutes at atmospheric pressure.
During heating, H2S (10 sccm 99.6% H2S) was introduced at 300 °C and
removed at the end of the 60 min anneal. The furnace was then purged
with Ar (250 sccm) during cooldown. After cooling to ̱400 °C the furnace
was opened for rapid cooling to ̱120 °C over ̱10 minutes.
The MoS2 films obtained on the top of SiO2/Si were characterized us-
ing SEM, XRD, CRS and SE. The results show good quality of the fabricated
films, which can be used for optoelectronic applications.

THE EFFECT OF NICKEL OXIDE NANOPARTICLES ON THE STRUCTURE

AND PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON HIGH-PRESSURE
POLYETHYLENE CONTAINING MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES
1*Kurbanova N.I., 1Mirzoev N.A., 2Zeynalov E.B., 3Gadzhieva F.V.,
3Gahramanli L.R.
1
Institute of Polymer Materials, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
2
Institute Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, Ministry Science and Education,
Azerbaijan
3
Baku Science University, Azerbaijan
kurbanova.nushaba@mail.ru

Due to the unique properties of modern nanomaterials, many com-

panies design complex electronic devices that are used in the aviation and
space spheres to assemble powerful computers, video equipment, help
diagnose various diseases, as well as quickly transmit information. Such
nanostructured materials are obtained by embedding nanoparticles into
various polymer matrices.
The effect of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs) stabilized by a matrix
of high-pressure polyethylene (PE) obtained by the mechanochemical
method on the structure and properties of nanocomposites based on high-
pressure polyethylene (PE) containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNT)
has been studied. The physical-mechanical, thermophysical and thermal
properties of the obtained composites were studied using DTA and AFM
analysis methods. The optimal composition of components for obtaining
nanocomposites with improved properties has been determined.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

It is shown that the introduction of nickel oxide nanoparticles into the

furmulation of a polyethylene composition with CNT leads to a high degree
of dispersion of fillers with the formation of a globular structure, the physi-
cal-mechanical and thermal properties of the composite are quite high: an
increase in the strength index from 11.39 to 12.15 MPa, composite rupture
strain values from 400 to 740%, the heat resistance index from 130 to
145°C., half-life temperatures of samples (T50) from 350 to 420 °C activation
energy (Ea) of thermo-oxidative degradation from 129.45 to 267.91 kJ/mol.
The morphology of the nanocompositions was studied using Integra-
Prima atomic force microscopy (NT-MDT, Zelenograd). To carry out scan-
ning, special silicon cantilevers were used, manufactured by plasma-
chemical etching, with a needle curvature radius of 20 nm and a resonant
frequency of 1-5 Hz. The measurements were carried out in the semi-
contact microscopy mode in air; changes in the vibration amplitude of
the cantilever needle were recorded, which determines the surface to-
pography. For each sample, images of the surface topography, histo-
grams of the size distribution of the surface topography features of the
samples were obtained.
AFM micrographs show the complex interweaving of nanoparticles
with each other and the polymer matrix and the formation of a new fine-
crystalline supramolecular structure related to the interfacial interaction
of nickel-containing nanoparticles with multilayer carbon nanotubes,
which contributes to the maximum increase in the physical-mechanical
and thermal properties of the resulting nanocomposite.

p-n JUNCTIONS BASED ON PbTe FILMS DOPED WITH OXYGEN

*
Sarmasov S.N., Rahimov R.Sh.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
ssarmasov@rambler.ru

Fabrication of active elements of electronic circuits in a single techno-

logical act is one of the main tasks of microelectronics. In our work we
attempted to obtain p-n junctions in epitaxial films of lead telluride when
growing them by condensation of molecular flow in a vacuum of ~10–6 mm
Hg without disturbing the growth process and forced introduction of al-
loying impurities.
Evaporation was carried out from a graphite Knudsen cell. A crushed n-
type lead telluride crystal was used as a source, and mica chips served as

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

substrates. The source temperature was varied from 900 to 1000 K, and the
substrate temperature was remained constant Tn=598 K. The condensation
rate ϑk was set by the source temperature. Cultivation was carried out
through a movable slide mask with slits, which provided the film in the form
of intersecting systems of strips with a width of 0.3 to 0.5 mm. After depo-
sition of one system of strips at the evaporator temperature T1, the flap was
closed and for 1-2 min. And a new temperature value T2 was set, and then
another system of strips was deposited at the same substrate temperature.
The volt-ampere characteristic was taken at T=77 K using a two-chan-
nel recorder and oscilloscope. In-Au alloy was used as ohmic contacts to
the p-layer.
The grown films are oriented with edge (111) parallel to the substrate.
At condensation rate ϑk= 0.035 nm/s, the films possess hole conductivity
with charge carrier concentration n=5·1017сm–3 and mobility μp=400
cm2/V·s. Increase of ϑk up to 0.12 nm/s and more leads to growth of films
with electronic conductivity with carriers’ concentration n=1016cm–3 and
mobility μp=1000 cm2/V·s (at T=300K). The area of the p-n junctions was
of the magnitude of (1-3) 10–3 cm2 and the differential resistance at zero
bias was R0=105 Ohms. All p-n junctions were photosensitive in the IR re-
gion of the spectrum. The photosensitivity maximum falls at a wavelength
of ~ 4.5 λmax μm with a gentle decline to λ ~ 6 μm.
The study of the direct branches of the volt-ampere characteristic in
the temperature range 77-120 K has shown that the current flowing
through the p-n junction consists of two parts: at small offsets the depend-
ence of the current on U is exponential with the index β=2, at large offsets
the slope of the VAC does not change with temperature. This is due to the
tunneling mechanism of current flow through the p-n junction.

COSMOLOGICAL MODELS
1
*Jafarzade A.F., 2Rajabov B.A.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory named after N. Tusi, Azerbaijan
aytacmrceferzade@gmail.com

The foundation of modern cosmology rests upon Einstein's General

Theory of Relativity and the cosmological principle. According to Einstein's
theory, space-time should be understood as a pseudo-Riemannian geom-
etry, with its variables encompassing the movement and distribution of

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

matter. The cosmological principle, derived from various astronomical ob-

servations, posits that the Universe is largely homogeneous and isotropic.
In establishing the cosmological principle, the crucial factors include the
distribution of galaxies, the homogeneity in the arrangement of their clus-
ters, and the discovery of relict photons with their isotropic properties.
Various cosmological models are employed to explore the laws gov-
erning the development and structure of the universe. These models are
categorized into static and dynamic forms. Einstein was the first to employ
General Relativity in proposing a static cosmological model of the Uni-
verse. To achieve this, he introduced the parameter Λ, known as the cos-
mological constant, into his equations. [2, 3] In 1917, Willem de Sitter dis-
covered maximally symmetric cosmological solutions related to Einstein's
cosmological constant, characterizing an empty Universe or vacuum. De
Sitter's model, unlike Einstein's, could explain the redshift but depicted a
Universe devoid of matter.
In 1922, Alexander Friedman demonstrated the possibility of non-
static solutions to Einstein's field equations with the parameter Λ. Exami-
nation and exploration of these non-static solutions revealed their better
alignment with astronomical observations. In 1927, George Lemaître con-
cluded that a linear relationship exists between intergalactic distances and
redshift, attributing the expansion of the Universe to changes in these dis-
tances. Hubble's own observations supported this linear dependence.
Robertson and Walker contributed a mathematical classification of
pseudo-Riemannian metrics describing non-static models, revealing that
in all dynamical models, when traced backward in time, the universe orig-
inated from a singularity with infinite density and high temperature – the
Big Bang. The universe's evolution subsequent to the Big Bang is ex-
pounded through inflationary scenarios. Notably, the early phases of the
Universe's development are marked by a De Sitter model.

THE PRODUCTION OF ࢆ࡭࡭--BOSONS IN ࢋି ࢋା -COLLISIONS

Abdullayev S.K., *Gojayev M.Sh.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
macidqojayev@gmail.com

In this paper, the process of the production of a vector ܼ-boson and

two CP-odd Higgs bosons in electron-positron collisions is investigated:
݁ ି ݁ ା ՜ ܼ‫ܣܣ‬. The study was carried out within the framework of the

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) and taking into account

arbitrary polarization states of the ݁ ି ݁ ା -pair. It is known that in the MSSM
vertices ܼ‫ܪܪ‬, ܼ݄݄, ܼ݄‫ ܪ‬and ܼ‫ ܣܣ‬are forbidden by CP-invariance, possi-
ble vertices are ܼߔ‫ܣ‬, where ߔ ൌ ‫ܪ‬- or ݄-CP is an even Higgs boson. The
process ݁ ି ݁ ା ՜ ܼ‫ ܣܣ‬corresponds to four Feynman diagrams. In the first
diagram a) the ݁ ି ݁ ା -pair is annihilated into a vector ܼ-boson, which emits
a CP-even ߔ‫ כ‬-boson (ߔ ‫ כ‬ൌ ‫ כ ܪ‬or ݄‫) כ‬, which decays into two ‫ܣ‬-bosons. In
the second diagram b) the ݁ ି ݁ ା -pair turns into a ܼ-boson, which emits
two ‫ܣ‬-bosons at one point and passes into the final state. In diagram c)
the ݁ ି ݁ ା -pair annihilates into a ܼ ‫ כ‬-boson, which decays into vector ܼ- and
CP-odd ‫ܣ‬ሺ݇ଵ ሻ-bosons. Diagram d) differs from diagram c) by swapping the
CP-odd Higgs bosons ‫ܣ‬ሺ݇ଵ ሻ and ‫ܣ‬ሺ݇ଶ ሻ.
The differential cross section of the reaction ݁ ି ݁ ା ՜ ܼ‫ ܣܣ‬is generally
expressed by the formula
݀ߪሺߣଵ ǡ ߣଶ Ǣ ߟଵ ǡ ߟଶ ሻ ξʹ‫ܩ‬ிଷ ‫ܯ‬௓଺ ͳ
ൌ ସ
‫ڄ‬ ଶ
ሼሾሺ݃௅ଶ ሺͳ െ ߣଵ ሻሺͳ ൅ ߣଶ ሻ
݀‫ݔ‬ଵ ݀‫ݔ‬ଶ ݀ߗ௓ ͳʹͺߨ ‫ ݏ‬ሺͳ െ ‫ݎ‬௓ ሻ
൅݃ோଶ ሺͳ ൅ ߣଵ ሻሺͳ െ ߣଶ ሻሿ ‫߰ ڄ‬ଵ ൅ ʹ݃௅ ݃ோ ߟଵ ߟଶ ߰ଶ ሽ, (1)
where ‫ݔ‬ଵǡଶ ൌ ʹ‫ܧ‬ଵǡଶ Τξ‫ ݏ‬െ scaling energy of Higgs bosons, ݀ߗ௓ െ angle of
departure of the ܼ-boson, ߰ଵ and ߰ଶ െ some functions depending on the
energies and angles of the particles.
When the initial particles are longitudinally polarized, the electron
and positron must have different helicities: ݁௅ି ݁ோା or ݁ோା ݁௅ି . As a result,
there is a left-right spin asymmetry
ͳȀͶ െ ‫ݔ‬ௐ
‫ܣ‬௅ோ ൌ ଶǡ (2)
ͳȀͶ െ ‫ݔ‬ௐ ൅ ʹ‫ݔ‬ௐ
which depends only on the Weinberg parameter ‫ݔ‬ௐ . With the value of the
Weinberg parameter ‫ݔ‬ௐ ൌ0.2315, the left-right spin asymmetry is equal
to: ‫ܣ‬௅ோ ൌ14%.
In the case of transverse polarization of the ݁ ି ݁ ା -pair, the ݁ ି ݁ ା ՜
ܼ‫ ܣܣ‬process must have transverse spin asymmetry
ʹ݃௅ ݃ோ ߰ଶ
‫ܣ‬ఝ ൌ ଶ ‫ ڄ‬Ǥ (3)
݃௅ ൅ ݃ோଶ ߰ଵ
At the beginning of the angular spectrum, the transverse spin asym-
metry is positive, with an increase in the angle ߠ௓ decreases and reaches
a minimum at ߠ௓ ൌ ͻͲι, and with a further increase in this angle, the
transverse spin asymmetry begins to grow.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

The experimental study of the ݁ ି ݁ ା ՜ ܼ‫ ܣܣ‬reaction is of great inter-

est, since it allows us to accurately determine the constants of the three-
boson interactions ߣு஺஺ and ߣ௛஺஺ .

BOUND STATE SOLUTIONS OF THE KLEIN-FOCK-GORDON EQUATION

FOR THE DENQ-FAN POTENTIAL
1
Aliyeva T.H., 2*Dadashov E.A.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Lankaran State University, Azerbaijan
aliyevataranah@gmail.com

For a long time, quantum mechanics has grown from the advanced
theory to the separate branch of physics. A study of precisely solvable
problems for physical potentials is still important for it. Will be helpful
noted that central potential describes quantum system in the radial direc-
tion. We attempt the investigation Denq-Fan potential within KFG equa-
tion. The shifted Deng-Fan potential is of the following form:
ଶ
ሺ݁ ఈ௥೐ െ ͳሻଶ ʹሺ݁ ఈ௥೐ െ ͳሻ
ܸሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ ൌ ‫ ܦ‬ቆ ఈ௥ െ ቇ ǡ (1)
ሺ݁ െ ͳሻଶ ݁ ఈ௥ െ ͳ

where ‫ ܦ‬as the dissociation energy ‫ݎ‬௘ for the equilibrium bond length and
ߙ for the potential range. We are well aware that in relativistic quantum
mechanics, the dynamics of the spin of zero particles is described by the
Klein-Fock-Gordon equation. For the scalar ܵሺ‫ݎ‬Ԧሻ and vector ܸሺ‫ݎ‬Ԧሻ, poten-
tials, the KFG equation in atomic units ሺ԰ ൌ ܿ ൌ ͳሻ in the spherical system
of coordinates has the form

ሾെߘ ଶ ൅ ሺ‫ ܯ‬൅ ܵሺ‫ݎ‬Ԧሻሻଶ ሿ߰ሺ‫ݎ‬ǡ ߠǡ ߮ሻ ൌ ሾ‫ ܧ‬െ ܸሺ‫ݎ‬Ԧሻሿଶ ߰ሺ‫ݎ‬ǡ ߠǡ ߮ሻǡ (2)

where ‫ ܯ‬െis the rest mass of a scalar particle, and ‫ ܧ‬െis the energy of a
relativistic particle. For simplicity, in Eq. (3) we consider that the scalar po-
tential is equal to the vector potential ܵሺ‫ݎ‬Ԧሻ ൌ ܸሺ‫ݎ‬Ԧሻ. Then obtain:
݂ሺߠሻ
൤ߘ ଶ ൅ ‫ ܧ‬ଶ െ ‫ܯ‬ଶ െ ʹሺ‫ ܧ‬൅ ‫ܯ‬ሻܸሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ െ ʹሺ‫ ܧ‬൅ ‫ܯ‬ሻ ൨ ߰ሺ‫ݎ‬Ԧሻ ൌ ͲǤ (3)
‫ݎ‬ଶ
This equation in the spherical system of coordinates admits separa-
tion of variables. Therefore, the wave function ߰ሺ‫ݎ‬Ԧሻ can be written as

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

߯ሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ
߰ሺ‫ݎ‬Ԧሻ ൌ ȣሺߠሻȰሺ߮ሻǡ (4)
‫ݎ‬
After substitution of function (4) into Eq. (3), we obtain radial KFG in
this form:
ߣ
߯ ᇳ ሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ ൅ ൤‫ ܧ‬ଶ െ ‫ܯ‬ଶ െ ʹܸሺ‫ݎ‬ሻሺ‫ ܧ‬൅ ‫ܯ‬ሻ െ ൨ ߯ሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ ൌ Ͳǡ (5)
‫ݎ‬ଶ
where ߣ is separation constant. To analytically solve Eq. (5) for the case
ߣ ് Ͳ, we apply a special approximation to the centrifugal potential. Then
we get
ଶ
ᇳ ଶ
ߪሺͳ ൅ ݁ ିଶఈ௥ ሻ Ͷߙ ଶ ߤ݁ ିଶఈ௥
߯ ሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ ൅ ൥ߝ െ ߛ‫ ܦ‬ቆͳ െ ቇ െ ൩ ߯ሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ ൌ ͲǤ (6)
ሺͳ െ ݁ ିଶఈ௥ ሻ ሺͳ െ ݁ ିଶఈ௥ ሻଶ

Thus, we find an analytical expression for the energy eigenvalues and

for radial wave function ߯௡௟ ሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ in the form:
‫ܯ‬ଶ െ ‫ ܧ‬ଶ ൌ െߙ ଶ ൈ

ଶ
‫ ۍ‬ଶ ‫ې‬
ሾߚ െ ݊ଶ െ ݈ሺ݈ ൅ ͳሻ െ ݈ሺ݈ ൅ ͳሻ െ ሺʹ݊ ൅ ͳሻ൫ͳ ൅ ʹඥߟ ଶ ൅ ሺ݈ ൅ ͳΤʹሻଶ ൯
‫ێ‬ ‫ ۑ‬െ
‫ێ‬ ͳ ‫ۑ‬
‫ۏ‬ ሺʹ݊ ൅ ͳሻ ൅ ටߟ ଶ ൅ ሺ݈ ൅ ሻଶ ‫ے‬
ʹ

െ݈ሺ݈ ൅ ͳሻ݀଴ ߙ ଶ Ǥ (7)

൫ଶξ௅ǡଶ௄ିଵ൯
߯௡௟ ሺ‫ݎ‬ሻ ൌ ‫ܥ‬௡௟ ݁ ξ௅ఈ௥ ሺͳ െ ‫ݏ‬ሻ௄ ܲ௡ ሺͳ െ ʹ‫ݏ‬ሻǤ (8)

CURRENT FLUCTUATIONS IN IMPURITY SEMICONDUCTORS

*
Aliyev S.R., Hasanov E.R.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
senanvselmir@gmail.com

In conducting media, under the influence of an external electric field,

charge carriers receive additional energy from the electric field. In this
case, redistribution of charge carriers occurs in the form of a wave. These
waves may become unstable and begin to radiate energy. The mechanism
and cause of the occurrence of unstable waves in different conducting
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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

media are different. Therefore, theoretical studies of unstable states re-

quire different mathematical approaches. In impurity semiconductors, the
conditions for excitation of unstable waves depend on a number of factors
due to the presence of different impurity centers in the medium. Impurity
levels are located at different distances from the conduction band of the
semiconductor. Depending on the temperature of the semiconductor,
these energy levels are more or less active levels. This theoretical work
examines current oscillation (i.e., external instability) in semiconductors
with singly and doubly negative impurity centers in an external and electric
Е0 field in the presence of weak magnetic fields (i.e., ߤേ ‫ܪ‬଴ ൏൏ ܿ, ߤേ –
mobility of holes and electrons, ܿ – speed of light ).
Basic equations of the problem
In the presence of an external magnetic field and a temperature gra-
dient, the current densities for electrons and holes have the form:
ଔԦି ൌ െܰି ߥି ‫ כ ܧ‬െ ܰି ߥଵି ሾ‫ܪ כ ܧ‬ሿ െ ߙି ߘሬԦܶ െ ߙିᇱ ൣߘሬԦܶ‫ܪ‬
ሬԦ ൧ǡ
(1)
ଔԦା ൌ ܰା ߥା ‫ ܧ‬൅ ܰା ߥଵା ሾ‫ܪ ܧ‬ሿ ൅ ߙା ߘሬԦܶ ൅ ߙାᇱ ሾߘሬԦܶ‫ܪ‬
‫כ‬ ‫כ‬ ሬԦ ሿ,

‫ܬ‬Ԧ ൌ ݁ሺଔԦା െ ଔԦି ሻǤ (2)

Substituting (1) into (2)

‫ܬ‬Ԧ ߪଵ ‫כ‬ ߙ ߙ
‫ כܧ‬ൌ ሬԦ ൧ െ ߘሬԦܶ ൅ ଵ ൣߘሬԦܶ‫ܪ‬
െ ൣ‫ܧ‬ሬԦ ‫ܪ‬ ሬԦ ൧ǡ (3)
ߪ ߪ ߪ ߪ
ሬԦ ‫ܪ‬
ൣܸ ሬԦ ൧ ߉ᇱ ‫ܬ‬Ԧ ߪ
‫ܧ‬ሬԦ ൌ െ ሬԦ ൧ ൅ െ ଵ ൣ‫ܬ‬Ԧ‫ܪ‬
െ ൣߘሬԦܶ‫ܪ‬ ሬԦ ൧ ൅ ߉ߘሬԦܶ ൅
ܿ ߪ ߪ ߪଶ
ܶ ߘ݊ିᇱ ߘ݊ା
ᇱ
൅ ቆ ଴ െ ଴ ቇǤ (4)
݁ ݊ି ݊ା
‫ ܧ‬ᇱ ሺ‫ݔ‬ǡ ‫ݐ‬ሻ is found from (5)
‫ܬ‬௫ᇱ ݅ܶ ܰିᇱ ܰାᇱ
‫ܧ‬௫ᇱ ൌ ൅ ሺ݇ଵ ൅ ݇ଶ ሻ ቆ ଴ െ ଴ ቇǡ
ߪ଴ ߮ ݁߮ ܰି ܰା
‫ܧ‬ଵ (5)
‫ܧ‬଴ ൌ Ǥ
Ͷܶ ߤି ߜି ߜା
ͳ േ ܼ݁ ൬ ଴ െ ଴൰
଴ ‫ߤ ݎ‬ା ܰି ܰା

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IKEDA WITH LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR RELATIONSHIP COMBINED

SYNCHRONIZATION BETWEEN SYSTEMS
1*
Nuriyev R.A., 2Pashayev B.G.
1
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
2
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
1
rus.nuriyev.74@mail.ru, p.g.bakhtiyar@gmail.com

If complete (identical) synchronization occurs between controlled sys-

tems, generalized synchronization occurs between the controlling system
and the controlled system. The concept of generalized synchronization
was first used in the context of one-way communication between systems,
and then it was extended to networked systems. Consider the synchroni-
zation of the two x and y Ikeda systems, which are linearly connected to
one another:
݀‫ݔ‬ ݀‫ݕ‬
ൌ െߙ‫ ݔ‬൅ ݉ଵ ‫ݔ ݊݅ݏ‬ఛభ ǡ ൌ െߙ‫ ݕ‬൅ ݉ଶ ‫ݕ ݊݅ݏ‬ఛమ ൅ ‫ܭ‬ሺ‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ݕ‬ሻ
݀‫ݐ‬ ݀‫ݐ‬
Note that there is x=y complete synchronization between the ‫ ݔ‬and ‫ݕ‬
Ikeda systems under the condition ݉ଵ ൌ ݉ଶ and ߬ଵ ൌ ߬ଶ , and this syn-
chronization mode is stable under the ߙ ൅ ‫ ܭ‬൐ ȁ݉ଵ ȁ condition. Let's as-
sume that ߬ଵ ് ߬ଶ . At this time, it can be determined that, already, ‫ ݔ‬ൌ ‫ݕ‬
is not a synchronization mode. In this study, it is demonstrated that a syn-
chronization mode may exist. For this purpose, the requirements of the
full synchronization mode of the dynamic variables y and ‫ ݖ‬controlled by
the controlling dynamic variable x has to be defined. Remember that dy-
namical system ‫ ݖ‬is a duplicate of system ‫ݕ‬:
݀‫ݖ‬
ൌ െߙ‫ ݖ‬൅ ݉ଶ ‫ݖ ݊݅ݏ‬ఛమ ൅ ‫ܭ‬ሺ‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ݖ‬ሻǤ
݀‫ݐ‬
The condition of complete synchronization between the dynamic var-
iables y and ‫ݖ‬, and thus the generalized synchronization between the dy-
namic variables ‫ ݔ‬and ‫ݕ‬, can be found as a result of studying the ‫ ݕ‬െ ‫ݖ‬
dynamics of the error signal:
ߙ ൅ ‫ ܭ‬൐ ȁ݉ଶ ȁ
If a parameter discrepancy occurs between m1 and m2, the preceding
generalized synchronization condition can still be obtained. Let us now in-
vestigate generalized synchronization between nonlinearly connected
Ikeda systems. Remember that this contact time is equal to ߬ଷ .

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݀‫ݔ‬ ݀‫ݕ‬
ൌ െߙ‫ ݔ‬൅ ݉ଵ ‫ݔ ݊݅ݏ‬ఛభ ǡ ൌ െߙ‫ ݕ‬൅ ݉ଶ ‫ݕ ݊݅ݏ‬ఛమ ൅ ‫ݔ ݊݅ݏ ܭ‬ఛయ Ǥ
݀‫ݐ‬ ݀‫ݐ‬
It was determined that the synchronization mode ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ‫ݔ‬ఛయ ିఛభ is possi-
ble under the conditions ߬ଵ ൌ ߬ଶ and ݉ଵ ൌ ݉ଶ ൅ ‫ܭ‬. It is clear that the
dependence between the dynamic variables y and ‫ݔ‬ఛయ ିఛభ is linear. Now
let's look at the parameter discrepancy case. Suppose ߬ଵ ് ߬ଶ . Then it is
clear that already, ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ‫ݔ‬ఛయିఛభ is not a synchronization mode. Let's investi-
gate the possibility of generalized synchronization. For this, it is sufficient
to investigate the complete synchronization between the dynamic system
y and its copy system ‫ݖ‬:
݀‫ݖ‬
ൌ െߙ‫ ݖ‬൅ ݉ଶ ‫ݖ ݊݅ݏ‬ఛమ ൅ ‫ݔ ݊݅ݏ ܭ‬ఛయ Ǥ
݀‫ݐ‬
The dynamics of the error signal ߂ ൌ ‫ ݕ‬െ ‫ ݖ‬can be written in the fol-
lowing form:
݀߂
ൌ െߙ߂ ൅ ݉ଶ ߂ఛమ ܿ‫ݕ ݏ݋‬ఛమ Ǥ
݀‫ݐ‬
From here it can be concluded that the generalized synchronization
between y and ‫ݔ‬ఛయ ିఛభ is possible within the ߙ ൅ ‫ ܭ‬൐ ȁ݉ଵ ȁ condition.
There is good agreement between computer modeling of Ikeda systems
and theoretical results. Ikeda systems with non-linear connections were
studied by computer modeling at values of parameters ߙ ൌ ͳ, ߬ଵ ൌ ͹,
߬ଶ ൌ ͳ͵,߬ଷ ൌ ͷ, ݉ଵ ൌ ͻ, ݉ଶ ൌ ͲǤͻ, ‫ ܭ‬ൌ ͺǤͳ.

ELECTROMAGNETIC SHOWER IN CRYSTALS

Rajabov M.R.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
m_rajabov@mail.ru

It is known that the interaction of electrons and γ-quanta with matter

leads to the formation of electromagnetic showers. Showers in amor-
phous targets are described quite well by the well-known cascade theory.
However, it should be noted that the formation of an electromagnetic
shower in a crystal differs significantly from the formation of a shower in
an amorphous substance. In this regard, a theoretical study was carried
out on the formation of an electromagnetic shower in a crystal, taking into
account the coherent nature of the processes of bremsstrahlung of

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electrons and positrons, as well as the photoproduction of e+e pairs, which

is due to the formation of shower particles. The dependence of the num-
ber of shower particles on energy, the angle of entry of the initial electrons
into the crystal, and the penetration depth was obtained.

LITERATURE REVIEW ON INCLUSION OF SOLAR PANEL SYSTEMS,

BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES IN ALBANIA
Zeneli M.
Aleksander Moisiu University, Albania
manjolazeneli2@yahoo.com

Albania, like many other countries, is currently exploring the integra-

tion of solar panel systems into its energy infrastructure to harness the
benefits of renewable energy sources. This literature review examines the
various aspects of incorporating solar panel systems in Albania, focusing
on the benefits and challenges associated with this transition.
The review begins by providing an overview of Albania's energy land-
scape and its increasing dependence on fossil fuels. It then delves into the
potential benefits of solar panel systems in the context of Albania, includ-
ing reduced greenhouse gas emissions, energy independence, and job cre-
ation. The discussion also highlights the role of solar energy in mitigating
climate change, addressing energy security concerns, and fostering eco-
nomic growth.
On the flip side, this literature review comprehensively addresses the
challenges associated with the integration of solar panel systems in Alba-
nia. These challenges encompass technical issues, such as grid integration
and intermittent, as well as economic and policy-related barriers like fi-
nancing, subsidies, and regulatory frameworks either they are on the right
way since for families the government has structures and applied some
procedure. The review also explores social and cultural factors that may
influence the adoption of solar energy technologies in Albania.
Moreover, the literature review examines existing case studies and
research findings from similar contexts to draw insights applicable to the
Albanian context. It emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary ap-
proach, involving government policies, industry stakeholders, and public
awareness campaigns in fostering a sustainable transition to solar energy.
This review aims to provide a holistic understanding of the prospects,
hurdles, and potential strategies for the successful inclusion of solar panel

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

systems in Albania's energy portfolio. By synthesizing and analyzing exist-

ing literature, it offers valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and
practitioners involved in the development of sustainable energy strategies
for Albania and other regions with similar challenges and opportunities.

DEFINITION OF ELECTRIC PARAMETERS OF Re/n-GaAs SCHOTTKY

DIODE USING I–V MEASUREMENTS
1*
Afandiyeva I.M., 1Godjayev N.N., 3Babayeva R.F.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Azerbaijan State University of Economics, Azerbaijan
afandiyeva@mail.ru

Contact phenomena are used in the vast majority of modern semicon-

ductor devices. The advantages of metal-semiconductor contacts with a
Schottky barrier are taken into account when solving a number of practical
problems. The electrical properties and fabrication of Schottky barrier di-
odes (SBDs) very interesting both in electronic applications and in under-
standing other semiconductor devices. The main parameters, performance
and reliability of these diodes depend on the choice of contacting materials,
their crystal structure, the uniformity of the metal-semiconductor interface.
SBDs on the basis of GaAs are an important element of integrated cir-
cuits. On the other hand, rhenium is also an interesting material due to
high melting point, chemical resistance, catalytic activity. Its advantages
are stability at high temperatures, high stability of films, a low temperature
coefficient of resistance, a slight change in resistance with increasing film
thickness. However, there is practically no experimental information in the
literature about Re/n-GaAs SBDs. The aim of this study is investigation of
main parameters of Re/n-GaAs on the basis ‫ ܫ‬െ ܸ characteristic measured
at room temperature.
The diodes were fabricated by using PLD technique. Characteristics pa-
rameters such as potential barrier height (ߔ஻଴ ), ideality factor (݊) and series
resistance ሺܴ௦ ሻ have been calculated by using different methods and com-
pared. On the basis of the current-voltage-characteristics from Ohm’s law
the resistance of Re/n-GaAs SBDs (ܴ௜ ) (ܴ௜ ൌ ሺܸ݀௜ ሻȀሺ݀‫ܫ‬௜ ሻ) and from the
voltage-dependent profile of the resistance ܴ௜ െ ܸimportant parameters
as series resistance ܴ௦ and shunt resistance ሺܴ௦௛ ሻ characterizing the relia-
bility of the diode were derived ሺܴ௦ =3.92 Ω, ܴ௦௛ =2.19E+1 Ω) at (+4V) and (-
4V), respectively).Besides, ‫ ܫ‬െ ܸ characteristic has been analyzed by the

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

depending ‫ ܫ݊ܮ‬vs ‫ܸ݊ܮ‬.. Changing the slope of the characteristic does not
allow to accurately determine the height of the potential barrier, ideality
factor and series resistance. To determine ߔ஻ and ܴ௦ Norde’s method has
been used. For the definition of Potential barrier height and series re-
sistance at room temperature for the Re/n-GaAs diode was used the mini-
mum point of ‫ܨ‬ሺܸሻ vs ܸ plot. The ୫୧୬ , ‫ܨ‬ሺܸ௠௜௡ ሻ, ߔ஻௡ and ܴ௦ values were
found to be 0.3 V, 5.88x10–1 V, 0.78 eV and 4.13 Ω, respectively. Another
way to solve the identified problem is to use the method developed by
Cheung. The method has been used in order to compute Re/n-GaAs SBD
parameters like the ߔ஻ , ݊ and ܴ௦ . Besides, another method for the obtain-
ing of series resistance and ideality factor is Verner’s method has been used.
That is method based on differential conductance (‫ ܮ‬ൌ ݀‫ܫ‬Ȁܸ݀). The ob-
tained results indicates the difference between the selected models and
ideal model. To explain the obtained results, it should be taken into account
that the ratio of the lattice parameters of the metal and semiconductor
plays a significant role in the formation of a contact.

EFFECT OF THERMAL TREATMENT METHODS ON MAGNETIC HYSTERESIS

PROPERTIES OF Fe-Ni-Si-B BASED AMORPHOUS MAGNETS
Abdullayev A.P., *Rafiyev N.M., Isayeva A.A., Asgarova G.Z.
Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction, Azerbaijan
adilabdullayev@rambler.ru, nrafiyev@mail.ru, isayeva_aida86@mail.ru,
gunelesger85@gmail.com

Soft magnetic amorphous materials are considered a new type of

magnets. Although amorphous materials have a wide scope in modern
times, new areas of application can be obtained by improving their prop-
erties. In this study, as a result of heat treatment of the composition
Fe59Ni19Si9B13 and Fe39Ni39Si9B13, materials with properties suitable for op-
eration were obtained.
In this research work, improvement of magnetic hysteresis properties
was carried out by thermal processing of 1-Fe59Ni19Si9B13 and 2-
Fe39Ni39Si9B13 alloys in two compositions, obtained in amorphous state by
cooling at high speed. For this, the samples were kept for 40 minutes in 3
different temperature conditions. The purpose of the heat treatment was
to relieve the bending stresses generated during the casting process and
to achieve bidirectional adjustment processes.
In sample 1, an increase in the rectangularity of the hysteresis loop and

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

the maximum magnetic induction Bm was determined as a result of pro-

cessing at a temperature of 513K for 40 minutes. As a result of thermal treat-
ment, a sharp increase in the coercive force is observed by holding at a tem-
perature of 683K for 40 minutes, an increase in the value of saturation mag-
netic induction and residual magnetization was detected. In sample 2, it is
observed that the rectangularity of the hysteresis loop changes less as a result
of processing at 513K temperature for 40 minutes, the increase of the maxi-
mum magnetic induction Bm was determined. As a result of thermal treat-
ment, no increase in the coercive force was observed, and a small increase in
the value of saturation magnetic induction and residual magnetization was
detected by keeping it at 683K temperature for 40 minutes (Fig. 1).

a) b)
Fig. 1. Changes of the hysteresis loop as a result of alloy processing.
a – 1 sample and b – 2 sample

The parameters of the hysteresis loop and the value of the specific
electrical resistance of the two-component amorphous alloy indicate that
these materials are suitable for use in the magnetic materials industry.

DIELECTRIC FUNCTION OF MoS2 THIN FILMS

*
Jalilli J.N., Alizade E.H., Hidiyev K.H., Mammadov D.A.
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
Cavid199329@gmail.com

Spectroscopic ellipsometry was then applied to the obtained MoS2/

SiO2/Si structures. The ellipsometric data collected at difference angles of
incidence were analyzed within three phase (MoS2/SiO2/Si) optical model
and the complex dielectric function of each MoS2 film was retrieved in the

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Fig. Ellipsometric parameters Psi and Delta with fit

photon energy range from 0.73 to 6.4 eV. Spectroscopic ellipsometry was
used to trace down the evolution of the electronic energy spectrum in the
photon energy range of 0.07-6.5 eV as the MoS2 thickness was reduced
from 30 to 5 and 3 nm. Experimental approaches verify preservation of
the well-known, distinctive A, B, C, and E exciton structures at and above
the direct energy gap down to 3 nm film.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS FOR CONCENTRATING PALLADIUM WITH

SYNTHETIC SORBENTS BASED ON A COPOLYMER OF MALEIC ANHYDRIDE
WITH STYRENE
*
Abilova U.M., Hajiyeva S.R., Chiraqov F.M.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
u.abilova@mail.ru

New chelating polymeric sorbent on the basis of maleic anhydride styrene

copolymer by the chemically modification with streptocide has been synthe-
sized. A new chelate polymer sorbent based on a copolymer of maleic anhy-
dride and styrene was synthesized by chemical modification with amines.
This work includes the synthesis of a new adsorbent based on a co-
polymer of styrene maleic anhydride (MAST) and the amines diamino ben-
zidine (M1) and orthophenylenediamine (M2). The synthesis of adsorbents
was carried out in a known manner.
During the study, we studied the influence of various parameters on
the adsorption process, especially the influence of pH, contact time, ionic
strength, and initial concentration of palladium metal ions. The desorption
process and the influence of various organic and inorganic acids on the
desorption process were also studied. The results showed that HClO4 is
the best eluent.
The adsorption process was characterized by several adsorption iso-
therms and kinetic models. The results are in best agreement with the
Langmuir model. It was found that the equilibrium data could best be ex-
plained by a pseudo-second-order model. Studies have shown that, in
comparison with the original products, the adsorption capacities of which
were 408 and 513 mg/g, the modified adsorbents have a higher adsorp-
tion capacity for Pd (II) ions and amount to 690 and 579 mg/g, respectively.
The synthesized adsorbents were characterized by scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and ul-
traviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV/Vis). The temperature stability of the
adsorbent was studied by thermal analysis methods (TG, DTA, DDTA).
Table 1.
Main indicators of static sorption experiments (d=14 mm)
Element Sorbent SЕ, mq/q pHopt. P , mol/l Time, min.
M1 690 4 0,8 90
Pd(II)
M2 579 3 0,8 60

-value of ionic strength, which contributes to a strong decrease in the degree of sorption

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Resulting products were applied for determination of Pd(II) ions in

fruits (Table 1).

THERMOELECTRIC CONVERTERS OF IR RADIATION BASED ON Ag3In5Te9

*
Rahimov R.Sh., Sarmasov S.N.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
rehim@rehimli.info

Thermomagnetic and thermoelectric phenomena are one of the main

sections of semiconductor physics. They are interrelated, their study al-
lows a deeper understanding of electronic processes occurring in semicon-
ductors. In recent years, interest in the development of thermomagnetic
and thermoelectric IR converters based on new semiconductors with small
lattice thermal conductivity has increased significantly.
To create a thermomagnetic IR converter with significant specific sen-
sitivity, it is necessary to choose a material with low thermal conductivity,
but a large value of the H-E coefficient. Dimensionless H-E field coefficient
is of great importance in materials, in which at not very high concentra-
tions of carriers have a large mobility, and in the region of mixed conduc-
tivity under the condition Un/Up‫ب‬1 (Un and Up – are mobilities of electrons
and holes, respectively).
ೖ
ሺ బ ఌ೤ሻ
೐
It follows from the formula (ܼ ൌ ߪ), that to create converters
ఞ
with a high quality factor, a material with low thermal conductivity and a
high value of ߝ௬ is required. To do this, it is necessary that the material has
high electrical conductivity, i.e. high mobility of carriers. If you increase ߝ௬
due to the participation of minority charge carriers in the conductivity,
then the electrical resistance also increases greatly, which can lead to a
worsening in the quality factor.
To develop low-inertia receivers, it is necessary that the sensitive ele-
ment have a minimum thickness and have high thermal conductivity. The
detection ability of receivers mainly depends on specific sensitivity and
electrical conductivity.
For modern thermoelectric materials ∆T =1K and f(z) =0.2, ε=60. At
∆Т<1 K, ε increases even more and the energy consumption for controlling
the temperature of the amplifier decreases accordingly. The thermal gen-
erator battery is assembled from series-connected elements with dimen-
sions of 0.8x0.8x1mm3. It is attached to a Peltier thermoelement, p -

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

branch of which is made of Bi-Te-S and, n - branch of Bi-Te-Se,

The paper presents the main characteristics of IR radiation converters
based on Ag3In5Te9 and identifies these as the most promising materials
for an IR radiation receiver. It has been shown that in a narrow tempera-
ture range the thermal emf increases sharply. This also allows it to be used
as a thermoelectric transducer used in measurement technology to am-
plify weak electrical signals.

INFLUENCE OF ZINC-CONTAINING NANOPARTICLES ON THE PROPERTIES

OF COMPOSITIONS BASED ON ISOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE CONTAINING
A MIXTURE OF C60/70 FULLERENES
1*
Dunyamalieva A.I., 1Kurbanova N.I., 2Zeynalov E.B.
1
Institute Polymer Materials, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
2
Institute Catalysis of Inorganic Chemistry, Ministry of Science and Education,
Azerbaijan
dunyamaliyeva89@list.ru; ipoma@science.az

Materials with nanoscale structures often have excellent optical, ther-

mal conductivity, mechanical, chemical or electronic properties compared
to their bulk counterparts. The development of nanotechnology and re-
lated research and production methods have led to an increase in interest
in nanomaterials. The molecular composition, size, structure and surface
chemistry of nanomaterials can be precisely controlled to tailor their prop-
erties for specific devices or applications in various fields; based on this
controlled functionality, nanomaterials have many potential commercial
applications.
Functionalized carbon nanomaterials exhibit various physical and
chemical properties, including chemical stability, good thermal conductiv-
ity, unique mechanical properties, high electrical conductivity, and im-
proved optical properties, and hence have attracted much attention since
they were first reported.
The presented work is devoted to the preparation and study of the
properties of composites based on isotactic polypropylene (PP): 1 - PP, zinc
oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs); 2-PP, mixture of fullerenes C60/70; 3 - PP, a
mixture of C60/70 fullerenes and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs);
Nanocomposite polymer materials were obtained by mixing PP in the
presence of nanofillers: a mixture of C60/70 fullerenes and ZnO NPs on la-
boratory rollers at a temperature of 160-165 °C for 15 minutes. To carry

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

out mechanical tests, the resulting mixtures were pressed into plates 1
mm thick at 190 °C and a pressure of 10 MPa for 10 minutes.
It has been shown that the introduction of zinc oxide nanoparticles
into a composition based on isotactic polypropylene containing a mixture
of fullerenes at a ratio of PP/C60/70/ZnONPs=100/0.02/0.5. helps to in-
crease tensile strength from 31.44 to 33.28 MPa, Vicat heat resistance
from 165 to 180°C, while maintaining elongation at break.

INFLUENCE OF EXCHANGE INTERACTION AND BAND GAP

ON THE THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF DILUTED MAGNETIC
SEMICONDUCTOR FILMS
Figarova S.R., *Mahmudov M.M., Damirov R.Y.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
ragibdamirov@bsu.edu.az

Size effects and exchange interaction between band electrons ሺ‫ݏ‬ǡ ‫݌‬ሻ
and d electrons localized on magnetic ions in diluted magnetic semicon-
ductor (DMS) films lead to a band parameters changing, as a result of
which the energy spectrum becomes very sensitive to the magnetic field
and other external parameters, in particular of the sample size.
As a result, their physical characteristics: thermodynamic, kinetic and
optical have a number of features. In this work the influence of energy
spectrum parameters, magnetic impurities concentration, temperature
and film thickness on the thermodynamic properties of diluted magnetic
semiconductor films are studied.
It has been shown that the specific heat capacity of degenerate elec-
tron gas in diluted semi-magnetic semiconductor films at low tempera-
tures is greater than the heat capacity of non-magnetic structures. Excess
heat capacity is due to an increase in the density of states and the mag-
netic properties of impurities. With increasing of the impurities concentra-
tion, the dependence of the heat capacity on temperature is non-mono-
tonic. At very high concentrations ‫ ݔ‬ൌ ͲǤͺ this dependence has a maxi-
mum at ܶ ൌ ʹͲ‫ܭ‬.
The appearance of the maximum is associated with the phase transi-
tion of the paramagnetic state to the antiferromagnetic state. It was found
that for ultrathin diluted semi-magnetic semiconductor films the heat ca-
pacity is directly proportional to the band gap square, which increases with
the concentration of the magnetic impurity. For example, when the

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

concentration increases threefold, the band gap increases from 1.4 to 2.9
eV (for ‫݀ܥ‬ଵି௫ ‫݊ܯ‬௫ ܶ݁).
It was found that the heat capacity of a non-degenerate electron gas
depends significantly on the exchange interaction energy. The entropy and
heat capacity of diluted semi-magnetic semiconductor films are deter-
mined by the density of states, which depends on the impurities concen-
tration, exchange interaction and film thickness. It is also noted that en-
tropy and heat capacity oscillate with film thickness and when the Fermi
energy coincides to the size-quantized level they experience a jump.

THERMOPOWER IN A SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM WELL

WITH MODIFIED PÖSCHL-TELLER CONFINING POTENTIAL
*
Babayev M.M., Sultanova Kh.B.
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
mirbabababayev@yahoo.com

The study of electron transport phenomena in low-dimensional sys-

tems, including thin films (quantum wells), is one of the most important
issues related to the problem of reducing the size of electronic devices. At
low crystal temperatures, the drag of electrons by phonons plays a signif-
icant role in thermoelectric phenomena. In this work, the thermopower in
a semiconductor quantum well was studied taking into account the drag
of electrons by phonons.
Actual shape of the confinement potential is unknown, and so differ-
ent models are used. The most-used models are the square well potential
and the parabolic well potential. In the present work, the modified Pöschl-
Teller potential is used as a potential that confines the motion of electrons
in a quantum well. The shape of this potential is intermediate between
that of square and parabolic wells.
We consider the case when the temperature gradient is created par-
allel to the plane of quantum film. In this plane, the motion of electrons is
not confined, so Boltzmann's kinetic equation can be used to determine
the electron distribution function and the thermopower. The scattering of
electrons by ions, acoustic and piezoacoustic phonons, as well as the
screening of scattering potentials by charge carriers are taken into ac-
count. The scattering times due to these scattering mechanisms, the
chemical potential of electrons and the electron mobility have been calcu-
lated.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Within the above conditions, a general expression of thermopower in

a quantum well has been found. On the basis of the obtained theoretical
results, the temperature dependence of thermopower in a ‫ݏܣܽܩ‬Ȁ
‫݈ܣ‬௫ ‫ܽܩ‬ଵି௫ ‫ ݏܣ‬quantum well at low temperatures has been studied. Numer-
ical calculations show that our theoretical results are in good agreement
with experimental ones. This indicates that the modified Pöschl-Teller po-
tential describes well the confinement potential in semiconductor quan-
tum wells.

INTERBAND LIGHT ABSORPTION IN QUANTUM FILM OF Hg1-x Cdx Te

*
Ismayilov T.H., Aslanli A.F.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
tariyel.i@gmail.com aslanliaysel90@gmail.com

Spectra of op cal parameters contain unique informa on about elec-

tronic phenomena in semiconductors. In recent years, structures based on
narrow-gap Hg1-x CdxTe solid solu ons have a racted increased interest.
Thanks to significant progress in growth technology (molecular beam
epitaxy) achieved in the last decade, it has become possible to obtain high-
quality HgCdTe-based epitaxial structures, both bulk layers of the
Hg1−xCdxTe solid solu on and heterostructures with HgTe/CdHgTe quan-
tum wells (QWs). HgTe/CdHgTe QWs have many different interes ng prop-
er es, such as a topological insulator state, a gapless band structure with
a linear (graphene-like) dispersion law, giant Rashba spli ng. Structures
based on Hg1-xCdxTe compounds are also of interest from the point of view
of a material for mid- and far-IR detectors. Since HgTe has a so-called in-
verted band structure with a “nega ve” band gap, and CdTe has a normal
band structure, in Hg1-xCdxTe solid solu ons it is possible to obtain an ar-
bitrary band gap from 0 to 1.6 eV. As a result, such structures are the main
material for interband detectors in the mid-IR range in atmospheric trans-
parency windows of 3 – 5 μm and 8 – 14 μm and may have prospects for
use in the far IR range. On the other hand, such structures with
HgTe/CdHgTe QWs, due to the high mobility of charge carriers in QWs with
a thickness close to cri cal and topological protec on of edge states, can
be used as a material for field-effect transistors (FETs) with high mobility
that detect THz radia on.
In this ar cle the interband light absorp on in quantum films of Hg1-x
CdxTe is studied theore cally. Previously from the Schrödinger equa on

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the wave func ons for arbitrary wave vector k and energy spectrum of
electrons and holes are found. Then, based on them, the op cal absorp-
on coefficient was calculated. The analy cal expression depending on the
frequency of incident light, band-gap of Hg1-x CdxTe and width of quantum
well is obtained. The various cases of incident light polariza ons are con-
sidered. The selec on rules have been established.

DETERMINATION OF BAND GAP OF (AgSbTe2)0.8(PbTe)0.2 FROM

ELECTROPHYSICAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES
1,2*
Ragımov S.S., 3Hashımova N.N.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
3
Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Azerbaijan
sadiyar.raqimov@bsu.edu.az; sadiyar@mail.ru

AgSbTe2 is a promising p-type thermoelectric material and has been

studied by many authors. Based on this thermoelectric material, various
thermoelectric compositions have been created. Based on the compounds
AgSbTe2 and PbTe the system is called LAST and can be represented as
(AgSbTe2)X(PbTe)1-X. Note that both AgSbTe2 and PbTe crystallize in a cubic
lattice structure. At different values of the components, it is possible to
obtain a series of solid solutions.
Manipulation of the band structures is a key strategy for improving
the thermoelectric properties of materials. By this way can achieve to ob-
tain a high value of thermal power and electrical conductivity coefficients.
Electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient are determined only by
the electronic properties of the material. By changing the composition, it
is possible to vary the parameters of band structure of materials. This is
very important for optimizing their thermoelectric properties.
In this work are presented the results of the temperature dependen-
cies of electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient of (AgS-
bTe2)0.8(PbTe)0.2. The experiments were provided in the 80-550K temper-
ature range.
According to experimental results of electrical conductivity and See-
beck coefficient was estimated the band gap width of (AgSbTe2)0.8(PbTe)0.2
(Еg=0.23 эВ).
The band gap width was also estimated using the formula of Gold-
smith-Sharpe and the Vegard rule.

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It was carried out the spectroscopic ellipsometric optical measurements

of (AgSbTe2)0.8(PbTe)0.2. According to experimental results of optical meas-
urements it was estimated the value of band gap width also.

STUDY OF PARTICLE ACCELERATION MECHANISMS IN THE ANISOTROPIC

SOLAR WIND
Bashirov M.M.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
mbashirov@bsu.edu.az

The work examines Compton and inverse Compton effects in solar wind
plasma, equations obtained on the basis of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) theory
for single-particle plasma. The radial dependences of the solar wind speed were
obtained and analyzed. A MHD approximation in collisionless plasma was carried
out, and the problems and many of their special solutions were considered, tak-
ing into account thermal effects. Radial and stationary flow from the Sun is con-
sidered with isotropic MHD equations, taking into account the heat fluxes.
ௗ௑ሺ௫ሻ ௙భ ሺ௫ሻ ௗ௒ሺ௫ሻ ௙మ ሺ௫ሻ ௗ௓ሺ௫ሻ ௙య ሺ௫ሻ
͵‫ ݎ‬ଷ ௗ௫
൅ ௙ሺ௫ሻ ൌ Ͳǡ ͸‫ ݎ‬ଷ ௗ௫
൅ ௙ሺ௫ሻ ൌ Ͳǡ ͸‫ ݔ‬ଷ ܺሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ௗ௫
൅ ௙ሺ௫ሻ஺ሺ௫ሻ ൌ ͲǤ

Where
௥ ௏మ ௨మ ௨మ ௒ሺ௫ሻ
‫ ݔ‬ൌ ǡ ܺ ൌ ܺሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ
ோ ௩బమ
ǡܻ ൌ ܻሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ௩ మ‫ צ‬ǡ ܼ ൌ ܼሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ௩఼మ ǡ ‫ܣ‬ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ௑ሺ௫ሻ െ ͳǡ
బ బ

݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻǢ ݂ଵ ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ; ݂ଶ ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻƒ†݂ଷ ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻƒ”‡ƒˆ— –‹‘‘ˆ‫ݔ‬Ǥ

Figures of the X(x) parameter, which characterizes the speed of the solar
wind, as A function of the x distance for different values were determined. it can
be seen from the graphs that the value of the quantity X(x) characterizing the
solar wind starts from the point x=1. It was bought as such for all special occa-
sions. From here, it is possible to give the physical meaning of the quantity R
(characteristic distance): since the solar wind originates from the surface of the

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Sun, it is created due to coronal mass ejections, so the distance R can be taken as
the radius of the sun or the distance from the center of the sun to a middle point
where coronal mass ejections occur. Thus, the quantity R carries the essence of
the distance from which the solar wind starts. This distance can be taken as the
radius of the Sun at first approximation. As it moves away from the Sun, the speed
of the solar wind plasma first increases and then remains constant starting from
a certain distance, and decreases near the heliosphere. It can be seen from the
graphs that the speed of the solar wind increases sharply at first, and then this
rate of increase weakens. Since the equations written for the solar wind do not
show the heliospheric boundaries and do not take into account the effects of
extrastellar winds, this speed will simply increase in the graphs.
The results are important in explaining the acceleration mechanism of cos-
mic plasma particles, in studying the evolution process of the Sun and stars, as
well as in the study of the factors affecting the operation of radio electronic con-
trol devices.

SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF HEPTAPEPTIDE MOLECULE

*
Ismailova L., Akhmedov N.A.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
lara.ismailova.52@mail.ru

Nociceptins are a new type of regulatory peptides of medical interest.

Their mechanisms of action are considered anti-opioid. Natural nociceptin
reduces motor activity, causes a stress response and modulates spatial at-
tention. For medicine and pharmacology, knowledge of the structural and
functional properties of peptide molecules is of great practical im-
portance. This scientific work is devoted to study the spatial structure and
conformational possibilities of the heptapeptide Phe1-Gly2-Gly3-Phe4-
Pro5-Gly6-Pro7. This neuropeptide molecule is stable analogue of the no-
ciceptin. It was found that the N-terminal tripeptide and tetrapeptide of
this molecule are active.
It is known that short linear peptides in solutions do not have a fixed
spatial structure. The amino acid sequence and physicochemical proper-
ties of the solvent determine the set of low-energy conformations of the
peptide molecule. The biologically active conformation of the peptide mol-
ecule, which is realized upon interaction with the receptor, is included in
the set of low-energy structures that exist in an aqueous solution. There-
fore, the study of the spatial structure of peptide molecules is of great in-
terest.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

The conformational possibilities of the heptapeptide Phe1-Gly2-Gly3-

Phe4-Pro5-Gly6-Pro7 were studied in fragments. First, the conformational
properties of the tripeptides Phe1-Gly2-Gly3 and Pro5-Gly6-Pro7,
tetrapeptide Phe1-Gly2-Gly3-Phe4 were determined based on the stable
conformations of the monopeptides. And finally, the addition of the
tetrapeptide Phe1-Gly2-Gly3-Phe4 and tripeptide Pro5-Gly6-Pro6 allowed
us to calculate the spatial structure of the heptapeptide molecule. It is
known that the active site of the molecule that activates the receptor is
the N-terminal tetrapeptide Phe1-Gly2-Gly3-Phe4.
The calculations were carried out by the method of theoretical con-
formational analysis with regard to nonvalent, electrostatic and torsional
interactions, energy of the hydrogen bonds and a special computer pro-
gram. The low-energy conformations of this molecule and the values of
the dihedral angles of the main chain and side chains are found and the
energy of the intra- and inter-residue interactions was estimated. The con-
formational mobility of the Phe1 and Phe4 amino acid side chains is inves-
tigated and the amino acids with specific interplays with different recep-
tors are founded. The relative energy of the conformations of this mole-
cule varied within the range 0–8 kcal/mol. Study of the spatial structure of
heptapeptide have almost 11 low-energy conformations. The global con-
formation (Urel=0 kcal/mol) is B11LPB11RBR (fffefe). This shape includes 4
more main chain forms: B11PRB11RBR, B11LPB21RBR, B11LPB21BLR and
B21PRB11BLR. It is revealed that low energy conformations of these mole-
cule have the folded and half folded types of backbone.
The results can be used to study the spatial structure of heptapeptide
molecule as well as to study the conformational possibilities of side chains
when interacting with receptor molecules.

CONFORMATIONAL PARTICULARITIES OF ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTICANCER

AND ANTIOXIDANT CYCLIC DIPEPTIDE CYCLO(D-TYR-D-PHE)
*Agaeva G.A., Agaeva U.T., Godjaev N.M.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
gulshen@mail.ru

The roles of many proteins and peptides have been identified as novel
targets in cancer therapy, allowing for the design of more selective agents.
The cyclic dipeptide (diketopiperazine) cyclo(D-Tyr-D-Phe) is a new biolog-
ically active natural product, isolated from the culture filtrate of Bacillus

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

sp. N strain. Diketopiperazines are not only a class of naturally occurring

privileged structures that have the ability to bind to a wide range of recep-
tors, but they also have several characteristics that make them attractive
scaffolds for drug discovery. They are small, conformationally constrained
heterocyclic scaffolds in which diversity can be introduced at up to six po-
sitions and stereochemistry controlled at up to four positions, and they are
stable to proteolysis. Cyclo(D-Tyr-D-Phe) had greater antibacterial, anti-
cancer and antioxidant activities than cyclo(L-Tyr-L-Phe). showed that cy-
clo It is showed that (D-Tyr-D-Phe) significantly inhibits the growth of can-
cer cell A549. Furthermore cyclo(D-Tyr-D-Phe) induced apoptotic cell
death in A549 cells, suggesting the potential to inhibit the growth of tu-
mors in vivo. It is known that chemical and physical properties of L-amino
acid-containing peptides and D-amino acid-containing peptides are struc-
tural nearly identical, but they have different bioactivities.
In this investigation our purpose is to search for an energetically prob-
able conformations of the two cyclic dipeptides cyclo(D-Tyr-D-Phe) and cy-
clo(L-Tyr-L-Phe). The major aim of the present work is the investigation of
the three-dimensional structure and conformational dynamics of its side
chains relatively of their peptide ring, called diketopiperazine ring. The
spatial structure of cyclic dipeptides have been investigated by molecular
mechanics method. This approach involves quantitative estimation of all
nonbonded interactions. The nonbonded and electrostatic interactions,
intramolecular hydrogen bonds, and restricted rotation about all single
bonds of side chains are taken into account. The atomic partial charges for
two cyclic dipeptides are computed by AM1 calculation method. For inves-
tigation of the behavior of the side chains within the energy preferred con-
formations were obtained the conformational maps around dihedral an-
gles F1,F2,F3 for Tyr and F1, F2 for Phe residues. The comparison of results
of theoretical conformational analysis of both cyclic dipeptides enable us
to support the proposal that both peptides are free of any intramolecular
hydrogen bond in order to be available for the formation of the complex
with the receptor. Our calculations bring out for both cyclic dipeptides the
different conformations as the most favorable. One of them cyclo(D-Tyr-
D-Phe) formed asymmetric arrangement of side chains concerning pep-
tide ring, but second dipeptide cyclo(L-Tyr-L-Phe) formed conformation
with symmetric arrangement of side chains.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

KINETIC AND THERMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS OF Cl‾ TRANSPORT

IN PLANT ROOTS DUE TO CHANGES IN TEMPERATURES
*Abdiyev V., Aliyeva N.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
vilayet.abdiyev@mail.ru

Using the chemokinetic method, it was established that the penetra-

tion of chlorine ions into the root system of barley is fast at first and then
slows down, i.e. curves consist of at least two exponential components.
Temperature changes affect the value of the first and second kinetic com-
ponents in the temperature range of 1°C -50°C. It was found that at low
temperatures (1°C-10°C) the absorption of Cl‾ ions by plant roots from a
NaCl solution at a concentration of 100-50 mM is reduced to 70%-80%
compared to the control. Kinetic curves of Cl‾ intake in the range of 1°C-
50°C showed that at low (1°C) and high (40°C-50°C) temperatures the sec-
ond kinetic component is completely absent when the seedlings are ex-
posed (for 160 min) to 50 mM NaCl.
Calculated apparent activation energy (Eact) for the transport of Cl‾
into barley roots turned out to be equal to 3.10 kcal/mol in the range of
10°C-30°C. To obtain information about the mechanism of reactions re-
sponsible for the transport of ions into the plant cell, we determined the
temperature coefficients (Q10) of the transfer of Cl‾ ions in the tempera-
ture range of 1°C-50°C.
The data obtained showed that the temperature coefficient Q10 of the
transfer of Cl‾ ions from a solution of 50-100 mM NaCl during 160 minutes
is slightly different. Thus, for 50 mM NaCl, this coefficient has values of
̱3.53, ̱1.66, ̱1.2, ̱0.19, and ̱0 respectively, in the temperature
ranges of 1°C-10°C, 10°C-20°C, 20°C-30°C, 30°С-40°С, and 40°С-50°С,
while for 100 mM NaCl, it amounted to ̱2.0, ̱1.28, ̱1.5, ̱0.37, and ̱0
respectively. However, the pattern of change in Q10 at both NaCl concen-
trations is almost adequate.
In our experiments, the temperature maximum for Cl‾ transport into the
cell was at 30°C. Along with this, the value of free energy /∆G/ of Cl‾ entry into
the roots was also determined depending on temperature (1°C-40°C) in differ-
ent time intervals, as one of the thermodynamic indicators of the transport pro-
cess. The temperature maximum of the free energy value was also found at
30°C. It has also been established that an increase in exposure contributes to
an increase in the value of free energy; this may be one of the arguments in
favor of the metabolic nature of the transport of Cl‾ into the roots.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

The study of kinetic, temperature characteristics, as well as the de-

pendence of the entry of Cl‾ into the root system of plants on the concen-
tration of NaCl in the medium, showed that the first component is due to
passive diffusion, while the second component is metabolic in nature.

MOLECULAR MODELING OF ILE-TRP DIPEPTIDE

*
Rahimzade S.G., Akverdieva G.A.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
sara.rehimzade@gmail.com

At work, computer modeling techniques have been used to study the

Ile-Trp (isoleucyl-tryptophan) dipeptide. Peptides are involved in a wide
range of biological processes, so understanding their structure is essential
for developing new drugs and therapies. The medicines based on the Ile-
Trp dipeptide are used as an immunomodulators for conditions and dis-
eases accompanied by immunosuppression. It is known the dipeptides
containing tryptophan can serve as bioactive food additives that have ben-
eficial effects on the cardiovascular system. So, Ile-Trp dipeptide may be
used as an antihypertensive drug because it inhibits ACE, an enzyme in-
volved in blood pressure regulation. Ile-Trp dipeptide has been proven to
have antioxidant properties, i.e. it can scavenge free radicals and protect
cells from damage. This makes it a potential candidate for treating dis-
eases related to oxidative stress, such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease.
The molecular mechanics method was applied to analyze the mole-
cule’s conformations. The HyperChem 8.03 software package with the
PM3 semi-empirical quantum chemical method, which is suitable for com-
puting biomolecule structures, was used to explore the electronic struc-
ture of the preferred conformations of this dipeptide. The study found the
most stable conformations of the peptide backbone, both folded and ex-
tended. The noncovalent interactions within the molecule that stabilize
these structures were analyzed, and it was observed how the hydrogen
bonding influences the molecule's shape. In the extended structure of the
dipeptide, one hydrogen bond is formed between the α-amino group hy-
drogen atom of the molecule and the oxygen atom of the carbonyl group
of the isoleucine backbone. In the folded structure, two hydrogen bonds
are formed between the hydrogen atom of the amide group of the tryp-
tophan backbone and the oxygen atoms of the C-terminal carboxyl group
of the molecule. The electronic parameters of the optimized folded and

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

extended conformations of Ile-Trp dipeptide have been computed (Table

1).

Table 1. The electronic parameters of the optimized folded and extended conformations
of Ile-Trp dipeptide

Electronic parameters of the molecule Folded structure Extended structure

Total energy, kcal/mol -86050.99 86089.30
Binding energy, kcal/mol -4588.90 -4627.31
Isolated atomic energy, kcal/mol -81461.99 -81461.99
Electronic energy, kcal/mol -714467.96 707289.87
Core-Core interaction energy, kcal/mol 628416.97 621200.57
Heat of formation, kcal/mol 32.16 -6.16
Dipole moment, debyes (D) 22.48 24.14
EHOMO (eV) -7.34 -7.28
ELUMO (eV) -1.98 -1.68
Energy gap, ∆E (eV) 5.36 5.60
Polarizability (Å) 34.70 3.18

THE BINDING OF IRON IONS WITH MELANINS OF PLANT ORIGIN

Bagirov R.M.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
rafiqbagirov@list.ru

In this study, melanins were isolated from the rind of elderberry black
and ivy ordinary fruits. The isolated pigments were subjected to a compre-
hensive analysis, which included Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR)
and Infrared (IR) spectroscopy.
Furthermore, our investigation delved into the intriguing binding in-
teractions between these plant-derived melanins and iron ions. We uti-
lized the advanced technique of Gamma Resonance Spectroscopy (GRS) to
explore this binding phenomenon. Our findings reveal that melanins of
plant origin exhibit remarkable proficiency in chelating iron ions, regard-
less of their oxidation state, whether divalent or trivalent.
It is noteworthy that when interacting with Fe2+ ions, these plant mel-
anins exhibit an intriguing behavior. They not only efficiently bind Fe2+ ions
but also catalyze their partial oxidation to Fe3+. This transition is significant
as Fe3+ ions are known to be less prooxidant and more stable. The mela-
nins demonstrate their ability to bind both Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions effectively,
showcasing their potential in mitigating prooxidant activity.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

The characteristics of the GR spectra acquired from the analyzed sam-

ples point to the formation of high-spin (HS) complexes involving Fe2+ and
Fe3+ ions within an octahedral ligand environment. This insight into the
structural aspect of iron-ion binding is a key contribution to our under-
standing of melanin-metal interactions.
Moreover, our study postulates that the capacity of melanins of plant
origin to efficiently bind prooxidant Fe2+ ions may serve as a significant
mechanism underlying their antioxidant and radioprotective properties.
This research opens new avenues for exploring the potential applications
of these natural pigments in various fields, including medicine and mate-
rials science.
All of the aforementioned mechanisms for binding iron ions should
result in an inhomogeneous distribution of iron ions within the melanin
polymer's volume, as evidenced by the results of the GR study. This is ap-
parent in their oxidizing ability from Fe²⁺ to Fe³⁺, as well as in their capacity
to bind iron ions to plant melanins. Based on the data obtained, it can be
reasonably assumed that these melanins all contain similar functional
groups involved in the binding of iron ions.
Consequently, the results suggest that plant melanins can form com-
plexes with iron ions in both their divalent and trivalent states. Notably,
plant melanins can directly bind to Fe²⁺ ions and subsequently oxidize
them to their trivalent state, rendering them inactive as prooxidants. The
efficiency of both of these processes increases with the rising pH of the
reaction medium.

MODIFICATION OF ZINC-ALUMINIUM LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES

WITH FULLERENE AND INVESTIGATION OF PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY
OF OBTAINED NANOCOMPOSITES
*Israfilli T., Balayeva O.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
turkan.israfill@gmail.com

Because of the possibilities for their applications, carbon-based nano-

materials include graphene, fullerene, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have
attracted a lot of interest. Furthermore, fullerene has encouraging photo-
catalytic capabilities similar to those of graphene and carbon nanotubes.
Fullerenes have potential for photocatalytic applications because of their
substantial absorption of UV light and moderate just broad absorption of

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

visible light. Moreover, fullerenes have been found to be effective photo-

sensitizers, possessing a high quantum efficiency of nearly 1.0.
A category of ionic lamellar compounds referred to as layered double
hydroxides (LDHs) is made up of positively charged layered hydroxides
with charge-compensating anions contained in the interlayer region.
These substances, when combined with a polymer matrix, contribute as
precursors for LDH/polymer nanocomposites.
Using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a stabilizer, 1% fullerene (C60) was in-
troduced to the ZnAl LDH synthesis to generate a novel nanocomposite.
Using methylene blue (MB) and congo red (CR) as model pollutants, the
photocatalytic activity of this nanocomposite was examined and the active
species in charge of the degradation process were identified. To be more
precise, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 15 ppm, and 20 ppm methylene blue solutions
were incorporated with 0.005 g of ZnAl LDH@C60/PVA. After a day, the
sorption reached equilibrium, and the mixtures were exposed to 150 W of
visible light. The samples were subjected to UV spectrophotometer analy-
sis at multiple intervals. The photodegradation of MB was determined af-
ter 8 hours to have removal degrees of 78.62%, 81.61%, 88.62%, and
93.27% at 20 ppm, 15 ppm, 10 ppm and 5 ppm concentrations of MB, re-
spectively.
In a 10 ppm CR solution, we added 0.01 g of ZnAl LDH@C60/PVA and
the identical quantity of ZnAl LDH (without C60). Sorption equilibrium was
achieved after a day, and then 150 W of visible light was exposed to the
sample. UV spectrophotometer analysis was subsequently carried out at
different intervals. In the absence of C60 and with C60 present, the pho-
todegradation percentages for CR were determined to be 91.43% and
99.6%, respectively.
A potential photocatalytic process in MB was examined using •OH and
–
•O2 radicals onto ZnAl LDH@C60/PVA nanocomposite, based on the ac-
tive species trapping tests. With trilon B, IPA, ascorbic acid, and without
reagent, the removal degree for the photodegradation of MB was 64.80%,
54.93%, 52.71%, and 56.54%, respectively. •OH and h+ radicals were em-
ployed in CR to perform the same process. The percentages of CR that
were removed by photodegradation with IPA, trilon B, ascorbic acid, and
without reagent were 96.98%, 98.79%, 100%, and 99.8%, respectively. The
degradation of MB and CR undergoes with presence of •O2– anionic radi-
cals and •OH radicals, respectively. Although all the active species formed
in process, the nature of dye molecules influence the process.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

INCORPORATED TiO2 NANOPARTICLES INTO PVC POLYMER FOR

ENHANCING THE DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
Rahimli A.M.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
rahimli.almara@gmail.com

It was discovered that by including fillers having luminescent, mag-

netic, photovoltaic, photoresistor, and other active qualities into the poly-
mer matrix, the active properties of the nanocomposite may be altered.
Therefore, by adding metal oxides to the polymer matrix, nanocomposites'
dielectric, photoluminescence, electret, photovoltaic, photoconductivity,
magnetic, and other properties can be altered. Rutile and anatase, the two
most frequent phases of TiO2 nanoparticles, are luminous compounds hav-
ing a broad luminescence peak in the visible range due to oxygen vacan-
cies.
In this work, a comparative study of the temperature-frequency de-
pendence of the dielectric properties of the composites obtained by mod-
ifying the PVC polymer with TiO2 nanoparticles at different concentrations
is presented. A comparative analysis of the dielectric parameters (ε, tgδ
and ρ) of the composites obtained by incorporating nanoparticles in dif-
ferent concentrations into the polymer matrix was performed, the relaxa-
tion processes in the system were studied, and the interaction in the pol-
ymer matrix and at the polymer-filler interphase boundary was described.
All nanocomposites exhibit the same pattern of variation as a function of
frequency. As a result, it first goes down in the low frequency zone and
sharply increases in the relatively high frequency range. This is explained
by the fact that introducing nanoparticles into the polymer modifies the
internal field in the polymer; as a result, when the value of the external
field changes at higher frequencies, the polymer's resonance maximum is
lost in response to these changes, and the amount of scattering increases.
If the polarization of a material under an electric field happens weakly due
to a change in the electric field, then dielectric relaxation loss occurs. The
frequency dependence of the dielectric loss tangent graph revealed that
the dielectric loss angle increases slowly at low frequencies and fast at high
frequencies. At low frequencies of the field, the amount of energy scat-
tered in the dielectric is relatively small, so the dielectric loss is small, but
as the frequency of the field increases, the energy scattering also in-
creases, which is reflected in the increase in the value of the dielectric loss.
Thus, it was determined that the inclusion of TiO2 nanoparticles into

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the PVC matrix leads to an increase in the value of dielectric constant of

nanocomposites at all concentrations compared to the dielectric constant
of pure PVC. This indicates the increase in the polarizability of polymer
nanocomposites, and it can be assumed that such materials can be widely
used as electret polymer nanocomposite materials in the future.

MWCNT/CuS NWS BASED MATERIALS FOR PHOTOVOLTAICS

1
Nuriyeva S.G., 1*Jafarova S.R., 2Aguas H.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Nova University Lisbon, Portugal
snuriyeva@bsu.edu.az

A combination of two 1D materials (NWs and MWCNT) can improve

physical properties, indicating possible applications in the PV electrode of
solar cells. They can also be easily manufactured into thin films with inter-
connected networks that have tunable optical transparency and electrical
conductivity, as well as superior mechanical flexibility. The MWCNT/CuS
NWs-nanocomposites were synthesized using a simple approach based on
the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) principle. Various analysis methods were
used to investigate the morphology and structure of the generated one-
dimensional structures- Cu and CuS nanowires, as well as CNT/CuS nano-
composites. SEM analysis reveals that the Cu NWs have a high aspect ratio,
with lengths ranging from 10 to 20 μm and an average diameter of 100 to
300 nm. After sulphidation of CuNWs, the surface of the Cu nanowire is
coated by nanoflakes of copper sulfide. The shape of CuS NWs is typical of
1D nanowires with diameters ranging from 200 to 600 nm. The TEM image
reveals that the nanowires form a core-shell structure with a wire length
of 5 μm and a width of 250 nm.The XRD investigations demonstrate that
all of the diffraction peaks in Cu NWs are present and can be easily indexed
for face-centered cubic (fcc) crystalline Cu. CuS nanowire XRD patterns can
be related to hexagonal CuS structures. The peak at 26.53 in the
MWCNT/CuS composite is attributed to MWNT (002) diffraction. These
structural characterizations confirm the presence of CuS nanowires in the
nanocomposite material. The intimate association of two components-
CuS nanowires and MWCNT-suggests that some wires could be linked with
multiple MWNTs. Such direct attachments will enable charge transfer net-
works between nanowires and MWNTs.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

SCHOTTKY DIODES BASED ON CdS SINGLE NANOBELTS

*
Mamedov R.K., Aslanova A.R.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
rasimaz50@yahoo.com

In connection with the development of microelectronics and nano-

technology, interest in the development of discrete semiconductor de-
vices and integrated circuit components based on Schottky diodes (SD)
with nanostructure has increased significantly. In this case, nanocompo-
site materials are often used as a metal or semiconductor electrode with
a nanostructure. The rectifying properties of such nanostructured SDs are
often characterized by a low rectification coefficient and the complexity of
the mechanisms for the formation of a potential barrier and the current
flow in opposite directions. One of the possible reasons for this behavior
of the SD is the appearance of an additional electric field (AEF) due to the
limited contact surface in randomly distributed low-dimensional regions
of the barrier contact interface. The noticeable effect of AEF on the prop-
erties of a SD with a nanostructure can be clearly observed when studying
the current-voltage characteristics of a SD with a nanobelts or nanowire.

Fig. 1. The I–V curves of a typical

Au-nCdS NB Schottky diode in the
dark, and under AM 1.5G illumina-
tion.

Figure 1 shows the current-voltage characteristic of a SD made on the

basis of an Au contact with a CdS single semiconductor nanobelts (NBs). The
n-type CdS NBs had smooth surfaces and uniform width (1–2 μm) along the
growth direction. The thicknesses of the CdS NBs as measured by an atomic
force microscope were about 80–200 nm. It is clear from the figure that the
forward branch of the current-voltage characteristic of CdS NBs SD is well de-
scribed by a straight line on a semi-logarithmic scale and is shifted from the
origin by a AEF voltage value of about 100 mV. The initial part of the current-
voltage characteristic in the voltage range 0-100 mV consists of a reverse

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

current and in the absence of external voltage in the closed circuit of the CdS
NBs DC under the influence of the AEP currents flow with a value of about 10-
20 pA. This CdS NBs SD has normal photovoltaic effect and its characteristic
parameters under white light are written in the figure.

OPTICAL ABSORPTION AND PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY IN ࡯࢛૜ ࡵ࢔૞ ࡿૢ

SINGLE CRYSTAL
*Jahangirova S. A., Hasanova L.H., Mahammadov A.Z.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
sona_aliqizi@mail.ru

In recent years ‫ܣ‬ூ ‫ ܤ‬ூூூ ‫ܥ‬ଶ௏ூ െ ‫ܤ‬ଶூூூ ‫ܥ‬ଷ௏ூ has shown that complex semi-
conductor compounds with interesting physical properties are obtained in
the system. One of them Cu3In5S9 is the combination. Its melting temper-
ature is 1083 0C, it has a layered structure, it is easily separated into layers
ଵ
with a mirror surface. ‫଺ܦ‬௛ െ ሺܲ͸Τ݉݉݉ሻ the width of the forbidden band
of the compound included in the spatial structure is 1.52 eV. The optical
absorption and photoconductivity of the single crystal Cu3In5S9 at different
temperatures were measured in the considered work. α it was shown that
the absorption coefficient can be calculated by measuring the photocon-
ductivity. Since the Cu3In5S9 compound has a layered structure, samples of
different thicknesses are easily cut from the monolithic compound, and
after measuring their thickness, α is calculated based on the Buger for-
mula. Its values calculated from photoconductivity and calculated for
transparency differ very little. ‫ݑܥ‬ଷ ‫݊ܫ‬ହ ܵଽ in the single crystal, the absorp-
tion coefficient is linearly dependens on the energy in the temperature
range of 77-300 K (ߙ̱͵ͲȂ ͸ ൉ ͳͲଶ ‫ି݉ݏ‬ଵ ).
For the first time, Urbach showed that the long-wavelength limit of
absorption in alkaline hybrid crystals is an exponential function of the pho-
ton frequency, i.e.
ߛሺ݄‫ݒ‬଴ െ ݄‫ݒ‬ሻ
ߙሺ‫ݒ‬ሻ ൌ ߙ଴ ݁‫ ݌ݔ‬ቈ ቉
݇ܶ
Here α0, v0 and γ the energetic parameters characterizing the crystal
γ/kT show a linear trend corresponding to their dependence on a semi-
logarithmic scale at a given temperature.
α0 and hv0 for Cu3In5S9 crystals are 10 3 and 1.54 eV respectively. It
should be noted that γ depends on the temperature.
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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Cu3In5S9 single crystal has an absorption coefficient at small values of

energy ≤100 cm–1. This indicates that the incident light is absorbed uni-
formly throughout the entire volume of the sample and surface recombi-
nation is neglected. Then it can be naturally assumed that the dependence
of the photocurrent on the energy of the quantum obeys the law of the
energy dependence of the absorption coefficient.

ACOUSTIC CHARACTERIZATION OF PHONEMES WITH COMPACT/

DIFFUSE FORMANT STRUCTURE AS A MEANS OF IDENTIFICATION
IN PHONOSCOPIC RESEARCH
1*
Aliyev L.P., 2Gaziyeva N.G.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Institute of Linguistics of ANAS, Azerbaijan
n.gazi@inbox.ru

In phonoscopic research, the speech signal, which acts as a means of

identification, plays the role of a "key" thanks to special biometric indica-
tors. Different acoustic qualities determined by the geometrical configu-
ration of the speech tract are reflected in the spectrogram. The acoustic
characteristics of vowels are determined by the characteristics of the su-
pralaryngeal cavity, which acts as a resonator. Resonance frequencies de-
pend on the volume and shape of the cavity, i.e. the tongue, lips, etc. de-
pends on the situation. When describing the acoustic properties of vowels,
the properties of the first two formants are usually taken into account: FI
(the more open the vowel, the higher the FI frequency) and FII - (the more
front the vowel, the higher the FII frequency). It should be noted that the
sign of labialization reduces the frequency of both formants, nasalization
leads to a weakening of the intensity of FI and FII and the creation of an
additional "nasalization formant".
In the acoustic classification of vowels, in addition to the actual fre-
quency characteristics of formants, the location characteristics of for-
mants in the vowel spectrum act as an important identification indicator.
Depending on which part of the spectrum the energy is concentrated,
sounds are divided into two groups: compact and diffuse. If the formants
are located in the central part of the spectrum, the sound is called com-
pact, if the formants are located on the edges of the spectrum, it is called
diffuse. In compact sounds, the main energy, that is, the dominant for-
mant region, is concentrated in a relatively narrow part of the spectrum,

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

the formants F1-F3 are close to each other. For diffuse sounds, the energy
is distributed throughout the spectrum or along its edges, the distance be-
tween F1-F3 is large.
Vowel characteristics are important in the perception of vowel
sounds, but experiments show that the change of formant frequencies is
considered by people as an important criterion for determining not only
the vowel itself, but also the consonant adjacent to it (in most cases, the
previous one). An interesting marker is the compact/diffuse feature of for-
mant indicators in the field of consonant-vowel coarticulation: F1 (440 Hz);
F2 (2533 Hz); F3 (2544 Hz); F4 (3386 Hz) /ge/ ; F1 (393 Hz); F2 (2084 Hz);
F3 (2469 Hz); F4 (3534Hz) /chi/ ; F1 (385 Hz); F2 (983 Hz); F3 (2762 Hz); F4
(3461Hz) /lu/.

STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF PVDF/ZnO-BASED NANOCOMPOSITES

Hacıyeva F.V., *Mehdiyeva S.Z., Eyvazova G.M.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
simaremehdiyeva@gmail.com

A recent research has indicated that zinc oxide (ZnO) – based polymer
nanocomposite materials possess a range of unusual electrical, optical,
thermal, mechanical, and biomedical properties, making them suitable for
use in gas sensors, catalytic applications, and optoelectronic devices such
as piezoelectric converters, optical wave transmitters, UV-laser convert-
ers, and solar elements. The present work focuses on the synthesis and
study of PVDF/ZnO hybrid nanocomposite materials based on the thermo-
plastic polymer polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) and ZnO nanoparticles. The
structure and optical properties of these nanocomposites were examined,
and the width of the forbidden zone was calculated via extrapolation
method based on UV-transmission spectra. The results showed that the
width of the forbidden zone varied with the concentration of ZnO: for the
PVDF+1% ZnO nanocomposite – 3,2 eV; – for the PVDF+1% ZnO nanocom-
posite – 3,0 eV; for the PVDF+3%ZnO nanocomposite – 2,8 eV; for the
PVDF+5%ZnO nanocomposite – 2,65 eV; for the PVDF+7%ZnO and
PVDF+10% ZnO nanocomposites – 2,3 eV. The crystalline and phase struc-
ture of PVDF, ZnO nanoparticles and PVDF/ZnO based nanocomposites
were analyzed using Rigaku Mini Flex diffractometer between 20°-80°θ at
room temperature. The indexed diffraction pattern for pure ZnO nanopar-
ticles shows that peaks at 2θ=31.8° (100), 34.5° (002), 36.3° (101), 47.6°

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

(102), 56.6° (002), 62.9° (112) and 66.46° (103) corresponds to hexagonal
wurtzite phase structure of ZnO nanoparticles. Have been established that
with the introduction of ZnO nanoparticles into PVDF matrix the content
of α-phase is decreased and β-phase is increased. It is known that the po-
larity of the PVDF molecule is related to the content of the β phase and
the inclusion of ZnO nanoparticles in the PVDF polymer leads to an in-
crease in the content of the β phase in the polymer nanocomposites.

STABILIZATION OF ZnS NANOPARTICLES BASED ON MODIFIED

BUTADIENE RUBBER/EXPANDED PERLITE AND CARBON BLACK
COMPOSITES: STRUCTURE, OPTICAL AND CONDUCTIVITY PROPERTIES
1,2*
Edres N., 2Buniyatzadeh I., 2Alosmanov R., 2Eyvazova G., 2Mammadayarova S.
1
Khartoum University, Sudan
2
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
nadaedres2010@gmail.com

ZnS nanoparticles is one of much interest semiconductors materials it

is characterized with wide range of bandgap, nontoxic and chemically sta-
ble, mainly exists in two crystalline forms cubic (sphalerite) and hexagonal
(wurtzite), with bandgaps of 3.6 eV and 3.9 eV respectively, for cubic and
hexagonal forms. due to these properties ZnS exploited in many optoelec-
tronic applications such as sensors, solar cells and magnetic devices. The
bulk production of ZnS nanoparticles in liquid phase obtain aggregates due
to the high surface energy of the particles which trap the bandgap and
shift the light adsorption to a higher energy range resulting in poor prop-
erties. Among various methods used to maintaining the nanoparticles
chemically stable stabilizing agents of different polymers structures ob-
served remarkable adjust to stabilize the morphology, size, shape and dis-
perse of the nanoparticles. In this project we suggest two different
pores/ion exchanger polymer matrixes based on modified butadiene rub-
ber composites one reinforced with expanded perlite and the other with
carbon black P234 fillers as stabilizer agents of ZnS nanoparticles, the com-
posites prepared through cholorophosphorylation reaction. ZnS nanopar-
ticles obtained on the base of polymer matrixes in three cycles using SILAR
method. For this purpose, 0.1 M aqueous solutions of zinc chloride and
sodium hydrosulfide were prepared. The process started by impregnate
0.1 g of polymer matrix in 10 ml of zinc chloride solution for 24 h then
sample washed up to neutralization and dried in r.t once more the sample

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

impregnate in 10 ml of sodium hydrosulfide for 24 h then washed and

dried at r.t, in the same manner the three cycles held.
The polymer matrixes allow in-situ stabilizing of cubic ZnS nanoparti-
cles with averages particles sizes of 8 nm and 5 nm respectively for ex-
panded perlite and carbon black modified butadiene rubber composites.

InN NANORIBBON MAGNETIC PROPERTIES

*
Ismayilova N.A., Jahangirli Z.A.
Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Azerbaijan
ismayilova_narmin_84@mail.ru

In the present work, we investigate the electronic structure and mag-

netism of InN nanoribbon doped with 3d Mn atoms in different positions
by first-principle density functional calculations. To construct InN-NR
structure that contains 52 atoms where 24 atoms from 52 are In, 24 is N,
and 4 are H atoms that were chosen. In this structure, z-axis was aligned
with the chiral vector (n, m) = (3, 3). H atoms were used to passivate the
dangling bonds in the edge of NR. Replacing the In atoms by transition has
a drastic effect on the electronic and magnetic properties. The calculated
spin-polarized band structures of pure and InN NR1, InN NR2, and InN NR3
structures along with the total and partial DOS are displayed in Figs.

Fig. Electronic structure of InN nanoribbon pure and doped with Mn atoms

Calculation results reveal that pure InN-NR nonmagnetic and spin-de-

pendent variation in the electronic structure is not observed. Mn dopant
can result in a remarkable spin polarization and semiconductor ribbon

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

becomes halfmetallic by doping of InN NR1 and InN NR2 structure with
Mn. It shows that the p-d hybridization between the Mn-N atoms is essen-
tial for the formation of the spin-dependent energy gap. Due to negligible
induced magnetic moments of In and N atoms, total magnetic moments
are approximately 16 mB for all InN NR1, InN NR2, and InN NR3 structures,
where the most contribution comes from Mn local magnetic moment.
These structures are suitable for spintronic and nanomagnetism applica-
tions.If you want to receive a formal acceptance of your abstract is funded
to come to the conference, please write this in your e-mail when you sub-
mit your abstract, and you will receive a prompt reply.

STUDY OF THE SPECTRUM OF NOVA SCO 2023 DURING THE OUTBURST

PERIOD
1
Alisheva K.I., 1Mikailov Kh. M., 1,2Rustamov B.N., 1*Alili A.H.
1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory named after N. Tusi, Azerbaijan
kamalaalisheva@bsu.edu.az

This paper examines the evolution of the spectrum of Nova Sco 2023
during the outburst with a comparison of the light curve constructed ac-
cording to AAVSO data (https://www.aavso.org/LCGv2/), and also deter-
mines the absolute magnitude at maximum (Mv=9m) and distance to the
star (d=4.5±0.2 kpc). The light curve showed that the star belongs to the
O-class (oscillation) of light curves.
Moderate resolution spectra (R=11000) of the object were taken from
the ARAS astronomical observation database (https://aras-database.github.
io/database/novasco2023.html). Further processing of the spectrum was
developed using the Dech 30 software package (http://www.gazinur.com/
DECH-software.html).
Two high-speed absorptions are observed in the star's spectra. At the
moment of maximum brightness (22-04-2023), the HD and HE lines of hy-
drogen show a P Cyg profile with two absorption components: the radial
velocities of these components of each line are, on average, -1770 km/s
and -2950 km/s, respectively. Subsequently, for the HD and HE lines of
hydrogen, the radial velocity of the second absorption component
reached a value of -3350 km/s, and the first component disappeared. The
helium line HeI (5876) also shows a P Cyg profile with broad emission and
broad absorption components. The radial velocity of the absorption

178
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

component is equal to -2921 km/s. For 5 days, the radial speed of the HeI
line (5876) increased to -3750 km/s. However, in the following days, the
absorption component disappears and a very strong emission component
remains. Lines of ionized metals, such as FeII, exhibit a P Cyg profile with a
single-component absorption whose radial velocity is -1670 km/s.
The sodium NaI D1 and D2 lines in the spectrum of Nova Sco 2023
consist of two components belonging to both the star itself and the inter-
stellar medium (ISM). The NaI lines associated with the interstellar me-
dium show a radial velocity of -6 km/s, and the stellar lines show a radial
velocity of -1670 km/s and after 5 days reach -1930 km/s.
As can be seen, the radial velocities of the hydrogen, helium, ionized
iron lines and NaI stellar lines are very close in value. Among the classical
nova stars we have studied so far, only Nova Sco 2023 exhibits such high
radial velocities of individual absorption components of lines of some ele-
ments. This once again indicates a very strong explosion, accompanied by
two (1700 km/s and 3000 km/s) powerful emissions of matter.

JOINT SURFACE IONIZATION OF CsCl MOLECULES AND Ba ATOMS ON

THE SURFACE OF RHENEIUM COVERED WITH A GRAPHITE MONOLAYER
Orujov A.K.
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
orar@mail.ru

It is known that the monolayer of graphite reduces the dissociation

and corresponding surface ionization of many alkali metal halides, the ion-
ization coefficient being practically 10–5-10–6. CsCl molecules practically do
not dissociate on the surface of metals with a graphite coating. We ob-
tained the dependence of the coefficient of utilization of Ba atoms in split-
ting reactions on the temperature of the sample during the joint adsorp-
tion of Ba atoms and CsCl molecules on the Re-C surface in various flows
(Fig. 1).
These dependences differ significantly from the above works, since it
is noted there that the utilization increases with decreasing temperature,
and then the dissociation coefficient remains constant, it is also shown
that this stability is the result of a chemical reaction between CsCl mole-
cules and Ba atoms, in our opinion, this is impossible from the point of
view of the degree of activity of chemical elements. In our case, with de-
creasing temperature, the dissociation coefficient and the coefficient of

179
 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

utilization of atoms monotonically increases, passes through a maximum,

and with a subsequent decrease in temperature monotonically decreases
to zero.

Fig. 1. Temperature dependence of the co-adsorption rate coefficient of CsCl molecules

and Ba atoms

This process can be explained as follows: the meeting of CsCl mole-

cules and Ba atoms on the surface during their stay on the surface depends
on their migration along the surface.

ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF POROUS-Si/NANO-Cd0.4Zn0.6S

HETEROJUNCTIONS

1*Mamedov H.M., 2Shah S.I., 1Mansimova F.B.

1
Baku State University, Azerbaijan
2
University of Delaware, USA
mhhuseyng@bsu.edu.az

Solar cells based on c-Si/porous-Si/Cd0.4Zn0.6S heterojunctions were

synthesized by depositing Cd0.4Zn0.6S films on c-Si/porous-Si substrates
by electrochemical deposition. Porous silicon layers with a systematically
varied pore diameter (8÷45nm) and were fabricated on p-type c-Si wafers
using electrochemical etching. Depending on the sizes of the Cd0.4Zn0.6S
crystallites and silicon pores, electrical characteristics of porous–
Si/Cd0.4Zn0.6S heterojunctions are studied. The optimal pore size (10–16
nm) is determined, which provides the maximum photoelectric conversion
efficiency (9.1%) of heterojunctions.

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

RAMAN STUDIES ON SI/PS NANOCOMPOSITE

Pashayev B.G., *Surxayli.A.E., Shirinova.H.A

Baku State University, Azerbaijan
hshirinova@bsu.edu.az

Nano-sized particles spread in a polymer matrix improve a set of

properties of polymers by influencing their structural characteristics. Be-
sides the small size of the nanoparticles and narrow size distribution, the
interfacial interaction also plays a vital role in the formation of the unique
properties of the nanocomposite. The final features of the nanocomposite
depend on the active properties of the dispersed phase. It is known that Si
is one of the most common semiconductive materials which is widely used
in different areas of electronics. However, the properties of nano silicon
differ from bulk Si. From this perspective, investigation of the Si nanopar-
ticle-based polymer nanocomposites is an actual issue for material science
and all branches of technology where semiconductive materials are ac-
tively used.
Polystyrene and silicon-based nanocomposites were prepared by ex-
situ method. The structure of the prepared samples was analyzed by scan-
ning electron microscope and x-ray diffraction technique. Raman spec-
troscopy is used as one of the fast and nondestructive methods for Raman
scattering study. In this study, Raman measurements were carried out at
room temperature. It was shown that the peak wavelength of silicon shifts
with the increase of the silicon concentration in the polymer matrix. This
can be explained by the phonon confinement effect.

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF ADVANCED MULTICOMPONENT BULK

METALLIC GLASSY ALLOYS FOR TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
1
* Mekhrabov A.O., 2Akdeniz M.V.

1
Azerbaijan Technical University, Azerbaijan
2
Middle East Technical University, Türkiye
emdulla.mehrabov@aztu.edu.az

The presentation will be an overview of the main research thrusts at

the “Novel Alloys Design and Development Lab” (NOVALAB) of MetE-
METU, and at "Novel Materials and Nanotechnology" Research Center of

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 Book of Abstracts. 8th International Conference MTP-2023: Modern Trends in Physics

Azerbaijan Technical University (AzTU) in the designing and development

of advanced multicomponent bulk metallic glassy alloys for technological
applications. Fundamental principles and main aspects of Computational
Materials Science (CMS) for modeling and simulation based “alloy design”
which has been developed over 30 years at our Labs, will be presented..
Bulk metallic glasses (BMG) show a unique combination of specific
metallic and glassy properties and since most of these properties cannot
be found in crystalline materials, the BMG are attractive for practical utili-
zation as a new class of structural as well as functional materials. Bulk
glass-forming ability (BGFA) of a melt is frequently evaluated in terms of
the critical cooling rate for easy glass formation, which is the minimum
possible cooling rate necessary to preserve amorphous structure of melt
during solidification preventing nucleation and growth of any crystalline
structure in the alloy systems. In spite of great efforts that have been con-
centrated on the analysis of bulk glass forming ability (BGFA) of various
multicomponent alloy systems, the exact nature of the mechanism of
BGFA has not been revealed and is largely empirical. Unlike previous ap-
proaches, this lecture will address the problem of integrating modeling,
computer simulation and atomic level theory into a new coherent meth-
odology of widespread applicability aimed at designing the content and
structure of multicomponent alloy systems having high BGFA leading to
easy glassy phase formation under conventional solidification conditions.
Application of this new approach for the designing and utilization of ad-
vanced Fe-based multicomponent BMG with enhanced physico-chemical
properties will be discussed.

182
 8th INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCE MTP-2023:
MODERN TRENDS IN PHYSICS

DEDICATED TO THE 100th ANNIVERSARY

OF NATIONAL LEADER HEYDAR ALIYEV

NOVEMBER 30 – DECEMBER 01, 2023

BAKU STATE UNIVERSITY BAKU, AZERBAIJAN

BOOK OF ABSTRACTS
 Printed: 29.11.2023
Volume 11,5 p.s.. Amount 150

Baku State University Publising House.

33, Acdemician Z. Khalilov street, Baku, Azerbaijan
Tel: (+99412) 538 87 39 / 538 50 16
e-mail: bdumetbee@gmail.com www.bsu.edu.az