Universal Post Code Data Base
Universal Post Code Data Base
Most countries have a postcode system which indicates the delivery zone or office. When a letter is sent
to a given country, it needs to be addressed correctly and with the postcode in the position required by
that country.
However, some countries do not have a postcode system or have one but do not use it.
Here you can find two lists: a list of countries with a postcode system and a list of countries without a
postcode system.
The longest postcodes in the world belong to Iran (Islamic Rep.) and the United States of America.
Click here to display the detailed description of the postcode and addressing system in Iran:
http://www.upu.int/fileadmin/documentsFiles/activities/addressingUnit/irnEn.pdf
In the United States of America, the ZIP+4 system defines postcodes as having five digits, a hyphen, and
four digits. In total, this gives nine digits plus a hyphen, which results in 10 characters that must be
reserved for U.S. postcodes on labels, in databases, etc.
Click here to display the detailed description of the postcode and addressing system in the U.S.:
http://www.upu.int/fileadmin/documentsFiles/activities/addressingUnit/usaEn.pdf
The issue of two-character ISO codes preceding postcodes can be quite confusing.
Some countries dislike this practice because it disturbs their sorting routines, which is why they have
excluded ISO codes from their recommended address format.
However, countries from some regions (e.g. Scandinavia, Benelux, Baltic countries) still use them, which
is where the issue of ISO codes in addresses becomes complex. The use of ISO codes is not
discouraged by the UPU either.
However, since it is common practice not to use country codes, the UPU recommends using them only if
recommended by the country concerned. This recommendation was issued in International Bureau
circular 201 of 22 May 2006 (Amendment of the Letter Post Regulations).
(…) Administrations may recommend that, on items addressed to countries where the recommended
position of the postcode is in front of the name of the location of destination, the postcode should be
preceded by the EN ISO 3166–1 Alpha 2 country code followed by a hyphen. This shall in no way detract
from the requirement for the name of the destination country to be printed in full. (…)
Information about the correct addressing systems for each country is available on our website at:
http://www.upu.int/en/activities/addressing/postal-addressing-systems-in-member-countries.html
Country/territory
name Country/territory name Country/territory name
A-G G-N P-V
Albania No Germany No Norway No
Andorra Yes Greece No Palestine No
Armenia No Hungary No Poland No
Austria No Iceland No Portugal No
Azerbaijan Yes Ireland No Romania No
Belarus No Italy No Russian Federation No
Belgium No Kazakhstan No San Marino No
Bosnia and
No Kiribati Yes Serbia No
Herzegovina
Bulgaria (Rep.) No Latvia Yes Slovakia No
Croatia Yes Liechtenstein No Slovenia Yes
Cyprus Yes Lithuania Yes Spain No
Czech Rep. No Luxembourg Yes Sweden Yes
Macedonia (the former Yugoslav
Denmark No No Switzerland No
Rep. of)
Djibouti No Malta No Timor-Leste (Dem. Rep.) Yes
Estonia No Moldova Yes Türkiye No
Finland Yes Monaco No Ukraine No
France No Netherlands No Great Britain No
Georgia No Nauru Yes Vatican No
Below is a list of postcode lengths by country. Please note that this list includes only countries which are
UPU members and which provide their data for inclusion in the Universal POST*CODE® DataBase.
No, there is no standard to follow. When a country implements a postcode, it should be kept as simple as
possible. This is not always possible, however, as, in their postal operations, countries have to attach
several elements to their coding method (ISO prefix, zone, regional distribution centre, delivery office,
etc.).
There is no single unified addressing rule for Europe. In Europe, there are a variety of addressing
systems as well as addressing rules, including usage of the ISO prefix. Therefore, addressing templates
for European countries should be created on a case by case basis (for each individual country).
7 Some cities have double postcodes, one from the country they belong to and another from
a neighbouring country. Which postcode is the right one?
The most common reason for assigning to a city the postcode of a neighbouring country is that the
nearest mail dispatch centre is located in the neighbouring country. Consequently, dispatching the mail
via the country in which the city is located would generate unnecessary mail traffic.
To avoid unnecessary mail circulation, Deutsche Post recommends that, for the city of Bünsingen, the
Swiss postcode (8238) should be used for all mail posted in Switzerland. For mail to Bünsingen posted in
Germany or other countries, the German postcode (78266) is recommended.
The same rule also applies for the following Austrian cities, to which both German and Austrian post-
codes have been assigned:
City name Country in which city is located Austrian postcode German postcode
Hirschegg Austria 6992 87568
The German postcodes should be used for mail to these cities dispatched in Germany, and the country
indicated should be "GERMANY", while the Austrian postcodes should be used for mail to these cities
dispatched from Austria and other countries, and the country indicated should be "AUSTRIA".
ISO 3166 is the international standard for country codes. The purpose of ISO 3166 is to establish codes
for the representation of names of countries, territories or areas of geographical interest, and their
subdivisions.
There are three related documents, which, taken together, make up ISO 3166:
– ISO 3166–1: this is the country code. It contains a two-letter or a three-letter code and a numeric-3
code.
– ISO 3166–2: this is the country subdivision code. This code is based on the two-letter element
from ISO 3166–1, followed by a separator and a further string of up to three alphanumeric char-
acters.
ISO 3166–1 is currently the most widely used system of abbreviation for country names. We also use it
in our POST*CODE® DataBase to abbreviate country names. The short country names from ISO 3166–1
and the alpha-2 codes are made available by ISO at no charge for internal use and non-commercial
purposes and can be downloaded at:
http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/iso-3166-1_decoding_table.htm
In most cases, and for the sake of simplicity, the common name of a country (and not the ISO one)
should be used in addresses on envelopes. In most cases, common names are better recognized or
simply easier to fit on the envelope than the official country name.
Examples:
– Venezuela (the common name) and not Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (the ISO name);
– Bolivia (the common name) and not Plurinational State of Bolivia (the ISO name).
10 Is any information available as to which postcodes are numeric only and which postcodes
are alphanumeric? Are there any rules such as "anything over 5 is alphanumeric"?
No, there is no rule governing which postcodes are numeric and which are alphanumeric. The decision is
purely conventional and up to the country concerned.
The list below contains information about postcode type per country. If a country has a single postcode,
that postcode has been entered as a postcode type. There are some countries that have a numeric
postcode but with a special character (or whitespace or dash "–"), such as Brazil or Czech Rep. those
countries have been classified as Numeric (*).
numeric = N
alphanumeric = A/N
numeric with a
N*
special character =