Ge1: UNDERSTANDING THE SELF - gonorrhea

MIDTERM REVIEWER - chlamydia

- genital warts
PHYSICAL SELF - Immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) Caused by
-Physical features are a crucial aspect of self-identity human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
-Recognized through: Facial features Body structure
Height and weight THE EMOTIONAL SELF
There 2 factors that shape our physical self HUMAN EMOTIONS
-The human body is made up of trillions of cells, the - serve as a driving force in how one acts and
nuclei of which contain rodlike structures called behaves. Emotions play a part in making
chromosomes. decisions, embracing certain lifestyles, and
-Each individual carries 23 pairs of chromosomes, which relating to others.
are the storage units of genes. The 23 pair, also known
as sex chromosomes, determines the sex of an Emotions vs. Feelings
individual. -Emotions are what your body automatically does (e.g.,
-Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which is a nucleic acid your heart
that contains the genetic instructions specifying the -Feelings are how your mind interprets those emotions
biological development of every individual (e.g., you decide whether that pounding heart is fear or
excitement). pounds when you’re scared).
Maturation is known as the completion of the growth of
a genetic character within an organism or the unfolding EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
of an individual's inherent traits or potential. - is an array of non-cognitive abilities,
Sexual Response Cycle competencies and skills that influence one's
1. Excitement– Initial arousal ability to succeed in coping with environment
2. Plateau– Increased physiological changes demands and pressures (Bar-On (1997,p. 14)
3. Orgasm – Peak of pleasure - the ability to understand and manage emotions
4. Resolution – Return to a relaxed state - Influenced by —both yours and other people’s. It helps you
personal beliefs, culture, and norms. stay calm under pressure, handle conflicts, and
1. Biological factor of physical self make smart decisions
- Genetic transformations and biological 1. Self-Awareness (Knowing your emotions).
development trigger these features through 2. Self-Management (Controlling your emotions)
Heredity - traits are passed down from one 3. Social Awareness (Understanding others’ emotions)
generation to another 4. Relationship Management (Handling emotions in
2. Environmental factor of physical self relationships)
- Family - forms a crucial foundation of an Adolescence is considered a turbulent time of
individual’s development. development due to the biological physiological, and
- Contemporary media indulges adolescents in social changes that adolescents experience and
activities that enable them to achieve the ideal encounter.
body type portrayed by the media (e.g., slim
and muscular bodies) Two forms of emotional regulation Gross (1967):
Sexual self Cognitive reappraisal (Thinking Before Reacting)
Puberty - Secondary sexual characteristics begin. The - involves the evaluation of a situation prior to
release of hormones triggers the physiological changes making personal subjective judgements about it.
in the reproductive system. Suppression (Hiding Emotions When Necessary)
Gender orientation - how individuals identify - involves denial and making of facial expressions to
themselves within the spectrum of gender. hide one’s current emotional state.
Gender role - societal expectations of how people act
Sexual self is influenced by biology, cultural Qualities that enable effectives emotional
expectations, societal norms, and personal experiences regulation:
Consequence of sexual choice - Self-control- managing disruptive impulses
- Pregnancy - Trustworthiness- maintaining standards of
- Sexually Transmitted Disease (STDs) honesty and integrity.
- syphillis
 - Conscientiousness- taking responsibility for - From ancient times to modern day philosophy the
one’s performance. understanding of the self evolved with advancements in
- Adaptability- handling change with flexibility scientific knowledge
- Innovation- being open to new ideas.
- Empathy- understanding other people and Socrates: The Beginning of Self-Knowledge
putting yourself in their shoes. "Know thyself" - Inscribed in the Temple of Apollo at
Delphi
What are emotions? - Socrates emphasized the importance of self reflection
Emotions are automatic reactions of our body and mind He believed the self is not the body but the psyche or
to different situations. They affect how we think, act, soul
and make decisions every day - The body is inferior the soul is the true essence of a
Emotional Maturity person
1. Self-Control (Not reacting impulsively) - Socrates taught through dialogues rather than written
2. Trustworthiness (Being honest and responsible) work
Example: You forgot to do your homework. Instead of
lying, you admit your mistake. Plato's Dualism and the Self
3. Conscientiousness (Owning your actions) Dialogue Phaedrus - The ideal and physical world
4. Adaptability (Being flexible with change The self is an intellectual entity separate from the body
5. Innovation (Finding new solutions Plato's concept of reality
6. Empathy (Understanding how others feel) Ontos ideal - Permanent spiritual and perfect.
Phenomena physical world - Imperfect impermanent
What is Philosophy? and inferior
Philosophy The self belongs to the realm of ideas and intellect
- is the study of fundamental questions regarding distinct from material existence
existence knowledge values reason mind and language
- It seeks to understand the nature of reality the Aristotle: Essence and Matter
purpose of life ethical conduct and the limits of human - Aristotle rejected Platos separation of the ideal and the
understanding physical
- Philosophers use critical thinking logic and reasoning - He proposed that both essence ideal and matter
to explore and analyze these questions phenomena co-exist and are interdependent
- Essence provides meaning and matter gives substance
Branches of Philosophy: - The self exists in both the mind and the body with the
Metaphysics: The study of reality and existence What is body playing a crucial role in expressing the self
real? What is the nature of being?
Epistemology: The study of knowledge and belief What Two Lenses of the Self
is knowledge? How do we know what we know? Empiricism
Ethics: The study of moral principles and values What is Knowledge comes from sensory experience and bodily
the right thing to do? responses
Rationalism
Branches of Philosophy: Knowledge is innate derived through logic and
Logic: The study of reasoning and argumentation What reasoning
makes an argument valid or sound?
Aesthetics: The study of beauty art and taste What is Middle Ages
beauty? What makes something art? St. Augustine
- The self is primarily a rational soul created in the image
The Philosophy of the Self of God
- Philosophy has been the foundation for all fields of - Inner conflict arises due to sin as the self struggles
study between worldly desires and the search for divine
- The concept of the self evolved over time influenced fulfillment
by philosophical schools of thought - The self is fragmented by sin and requires divine grace
- It is defined as a unified being essentially connected to for healing and restoration
consciousness awareness and agency
- Memory and time are crucial in shaping the selfs d) Blood type
identity introspection allows individuals to understand Answer: c) The 23rd chromosome pair
their nature 4. What is the main function of DNA?
- The ultimate fulfillment of the self is found in union a) Store genetic information
with God through divine grace not human effort b) Produce energy
- Augustine’s views profoundly influenced Christian c) Control emotions
thought about the self emphasizing dependence on God d) Strengthen muscles
for salvation and redemption Answer: a) Store genetic information
Rene Descartes 5. What is maturation?
Mind-Body Dualism a) A rapid growth phase
-"I think, therefore, I am" b) The completion of genetic growth
- The mind and Soul can exist without the body c) A hormonal imbalance
- Establishing the distinction of the soul from the body d) A temporary change in behavior
can make people believe in the afterlife and the soul's Answer: b) The completion of genetic growth
immortality 6. What is the first stage in the sexual response
cycle?
John Locke a) Orgasm
- Theory of Personal Identity b) Excitement
- It is consciousness alone that identity exists not in the c) Plateau
body and soul d) Resolution
- There is a distinction between man and person Answer: b) Excitement
- The soul may change but consciousness remains intact 7. What is an example of an environmental factor
that affects physical self?
David Hume a) Genetics
- Skeptical Philosophy b) DNA structure
- All knowledge passes through the senses c) Media influence
- Separate ideas can be joined in the mind d) Chromosomes
- There is no self only a bundle of perceptions Answer: c) Media influence
8. Which of the following is a sexually transmitted
Immanuel Kant disease?
- Metaphysics of the Self a) Diabetes
- Reason is the final authority of morality b) Influenza
- There is an inner self and an outer self c) Chlamydia
- The inner self includes rational reasoning and d) Arthritis
psychological state Answer: c) Chlamydia
- The outer self includes the body and mind where
representation occurs EMOTIONAL SELF
9. What is the difference between emotions and
PHYSICAL SELF feelings?
1. What is a crucial aspect of self-identity? a) Emotions are automatic, while feelings are
a) Financial status interpreted
b) Physical features b) Feelings are physical reactions, while
c) Hobbies emotions are thoughts
d) Social relationships c) Emotions last longer than feelings
Answer: b) Physical features d) Feelings cannot be controlled, while
2. How many pairs of chromosomes does a human emotions can
have? Answer: a) Emotions are automatic, while
a) 20 b) 21 c) 22 d) 23 feelings are interpreted
Answer: d) 23 10. Who defined emotional intelligence as non-
3. What determines the sex of an individual? cognitive abilities that help people cope with
a) Mitochondria stress?
b) DNA sequence a) Daniel Goleman
c) The 23rd chromosome pair b) Howard Gardner
 c) Bar-On b) Study of knowledge and belief
d) John Mayer c) Study of reasoning
Answer: c) Bar-On d) Study of beauty
11. What is an example of self-awareness in Answer: b) Study of knowledge and belief
emotional intelligence? 19. Who said, "Know thyself"?
a) Managing stress effectively a) Plato
b) Understanding your own emotions b) Socrates
c) Avoiding conflicts c) Aristotle
d) Expressing emotions impulsively d) Descartes
Answer: b) Understanding your own emotions Answer: b) Socrates
12. What is the ability to control emotions called? 20. What did Socrates believe was the true essence
a) Self-awareness of a person?
b) Self-management a) The body
c) Social awareness b) The soul
d) Relationship management c) Material possessions
Answer: b) Self-management d) Physical strength
13. What is an example of social awareness? Answer: b) The soul
a) Understanding others' emotions 21. According to Plato, what are the two worlds?
b) Controlling your own emotions a) Logical and emotional
c) Making logical decisions b) Physical and ideal
d) Avoiding emotional expressions c) External and internal
Answer: a) Understanding others' emotions d) Scientific and spiritual
14. What is the ability to maintain positive Answer: b) Physical and ideal
relationships? 22. What is Aristotle’s concept of the self?
a) Self-awareness a) The self is purely spiritual
b) Self-management b) The self is purely physical
c) Relationship management c) The self is a combination of essence and
d) Cognitive regulation matter
Answer: c) Relationship management d) The self is an illusion
15. What is cognitive reappraisal? Answer: c) The self is a combination of essence
a) Ignoring emotions and matter
b) Hiding emotions 23. Who proposed the mind-body dualism?
c) Thinking before reacting a) John Locke
d) Expressing emotions impulsively b) David Hume
Answer: c) Thinking before reacting c) René Descartes
16. What is emotional suppression? d) Immanuel Kant
a) Hiding emotions Answer: c) René Descartes
b) Expressing emotions freely 24. What was John Locke’s theory of personal
c) Ignoring other people’s emotions identity based on?
d) Reacting without thinking a) The body
Answer: a) Hiding emotions b) The soul
c) Consciousness
PHILOSOPHY OF THE SELF d) Memory loss
17. What does philosophy study? Answer: c) Consciousness
a) The physical body 25. What did David Hume say about the self?
b) Fundamental questions about existence and a) It is a unified being
reality b) It is an immortal soul
c) Scientific laws c) It is a bundle of perceptions
d) Government systems d) It exists beyond the body
Answer: b) Fundamental questions about Answer: c) It is a bundle of perceptions
existence and reality 26. What did Immanuel Kant believe about the self?
18. What is epistemology? a) It is purely physical
a) Study of moral values b) It is purely spiritual
 c) It has both an inner and outer self 33. Which of the following is NOT a component of
d) It is an illusion emotional intelligence?
Answer: c) It has both an inner and outer self a) Self-awareness
Here are 30 more multiple-choice questions to b) Social awareness
complete your GE1: Understanding the Self c) Self-deception
midterm reviewer. d) Relationship management
Answer: c) Self-deception
PHYSICAL SELF (CONTINUED) 34. What is the ability to recognize your own
27. What is heredity? emotions called?
a) A process of body transformation a) Self-awareness
b) The passing down of traits from one b) Self-management
generation to another c) Social skills
c) The result of environmental influence d) Emotional suppression
d) A type of genetic mutation Answer: a) Self-awareness
Answer: b) The passing down of traits from one 35. What does emotional regulation help with?
generation to another a) Ignoring emotions
28. What influences the development of the b) Acting impulsively
physical self? c) Managing emotions effectively
a) Only genetics d) Avoiding social interactions
b) Only environment Answer: c) Managing emotions effectively
c) Both heredity and environment 36. What is an example of emotional suppression?
d) Neither heredity nor environment a) Smiling even when feeling upset
Answer: c) Both heredity and environment b) Expressing emotions freely
29. What type of secondary sexual characteristic c) Writing about emotions in a journal
appears in puberty? d) Seeking support from friends
a) Growth of body hair Answer: a) Smiling even when feeling upset
b) Changes in eye color 37. What is a key characteristic of an emotionally
c) Increase in brain size mature person?
d) Change in blood type a) Ignoring emotions
Answer: a) Growth of body hair b) Reacting without thinking
30. What hormone plays a key role in male c) Taking responsibility for their actions
puberty? d) Avoiding emotional expressions
a) Estrogen Answer: c) Taking responsibility for their
b) Progesterone actions
c) Testosterone 38. What is empathy?
d) Oxytocin a) Ignoring other people’s emotions
Answer: c) Testosterone b) Understanding and sharing another person’s
31. Which factor has the greatest impact on an feelings
adolescent’s body image? c) Making decisions based only on logic
a) Personal interests d) Suppressing emotions completely
b) Media and societal expectations Answer: b) Understanding and sharing another
c) School activities person’s feelings
d) Childhood experiences 39. What does adaptability in emotional intelligence
Answer: b) Media and societal expectations mean?
32. What is the final stage of the sexual response a) Being able to adjust to changes
cycle? b) Avoiding new situations
a) Excitement c) Ignoring emotions
b) Plateau d) Relying on past behaviors
c) Orgasm Answer: a) Being able to adjust to changes
d) Resolution 40. What is an example of self-control in emotional
Answer: d) Resolution intelligence?
a) Reacting with anger immediately
EMOTIONAL SELF (CONTINUED) b) Thinking before responding to a stressful
 situation d) John Locke
c) Avoiding all conflicts Answer: c) David Hume
d) Suppressing all emotions 48. What did St. Augustine believe about the self?
Answer: b) Thinking before responding to a a) It is purely rational
stressful situation b) It is created in the image of God
c) It is separate from religious beliefs
PHILOSOPHY OF THE SELF (CONTINUED) d) It has no spiritual connection
41. What branch of philosophy studies moral Answer: b) It is created in the image of God
values? 49. What is Immanuel Kant’s view of the self?
a) Metaphysics a) The self is purely material
b) Epistemology b) The self consists of both an inner and outer
c) Ethics self
d) Aesthetics c) The self is constantly changing
Answer: c) Ethics d) The self is an illusion
42. What is the focus of metaphysics? Answer: b) The self consists of both an inner
a) Knowledge and belief and outer self
b) The nature of reality and existence 50. What is the role of reason according to Kant?
c) Logical reasoning a) It is not important for morality
d) The concept of beauty b) It is the final authority of morality
Answer: b) The nature of reality and existence c) It is separate from personal identity
43. Which philosopher is known for the statement d) It is based on physical experience
"I think, therefore I am"? Answer: b) It is the final authority of morality
a) Socrates
b) John Locke ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS
c) René Descartes 51. Which of the following is an example of social
d) Immanuel Kant influence on self-identity?
Answer: c) René Descartes a) Genetic inheritance
44. According to Plato, what is the true self? b) Family values and traditions
a) The body c) DNA structure
b) The soul d) Biological instincts
c) The physical world Answer: b) Family values and traditions
d) Material possessions 52. What is the process of looking at oneself
Answer: b) The soul through the perspective of others?
45. What did Aristotle believe about the self? a) Self-reflection
a) It is separate from the body b) Social comparison
b) It is a combination of mind and body c) Cultural adaptation
c) It only exists in the spiritual realm d) Self-denial
d) It is an illusion Answer: b) Social comparison
Answer: b) It is a combination of mind and 53. What is self-perception?
body a) The way others see us
46. According to John Locke, personal identity is b) How we view and define ourselves
based on: c) The physical changes in the body
a) The soul d) A scientific study of the brain
b) Consciousness and memory Answer: b) How we view and define ourselves
c) The physical body 54. What is self-concept?
d) Religious belief a) A temporary feeling about oneself
Answer: b) Consciousness and memory b) A long-term understanding of who we are
47. Who believed that there is no permanent self, c) An emotional reaction to a situation
only a "bundle of perceptions"? d) A biological process
a) Socrates Answer: b) A long-term understanding of who
b) Aristotle we are
c) David Hume