Acknowledgment

We are greatly thankful to our HOD Prof. A. V. Sase Mam and our HoD Prof. P. D. Sable Mam for guiding
and helping us in preparing our project "SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEM USING IOT" Their guidance was
helpful to us in making the project and gaining practical knowledge on various technical aspects. We
would also Ithank all the faculty members of Electronics & Tele Communication Engineering department
for their support.

I would like to thank Prof. Sase A.V. Mam for his efforts, who was always ready with positive comment,
whether it was an off-hand comment to encourage me or my group.

I wish to thank my parents for their undivided support and interest who inspired me and encouraged me
to go my own way without whom I would be unable to complete my project. At last but not least I want
to thank my friends who appreciated me for my work and motivated me and finally to God who make all
things possible.
Abstract

In today's world. Internet of Things (IoT) is a different development. With the help of loT, all the physical
objects can connect to the internet. And with this we can consider the two layers of the system viz: the
sensor device which gathers data and links to cloud and next is the cloud service which hosts the
information from the en vironmen t. In the storage rooms of industries we need a good environment for
the products to be healthy for use. Here we develop a monitoring system with the help of loT. The
Internet of Things entrance is used as a part of this system.

Temperature is among the most common measurements across a broad variety of industries including
food, medical and life science, pharmaceutical, machine/ equipment monitoring. environmental
monitoring, and practically every other field. Temperature monitoring systems capture temperature
data via a sensor such as a thermocouple probe. Since temperature sensors are designed for such a wide
variety of needs, it's important that you decide on the type of sensors or inputs you'll use.

In this project we have given the proposal system that will monitor temperature and humidity precisely
using loT.
Chaper-1

Introduction

Field of monitoring and remote sensing has been revolutionized by wireless sensor network Sensor
networks can collect data from different sensors such as temperature, humidity, voltage, current etc.
from remote locations and cooperatively pass the data through the network to the control station (or
where data analysis is needed). Hence, wireless sensor networks can be used for monitoring of power
data even from remote locations. Online continuous monitoring of these physical quantities from
remote control station helps to co-ordinate the uninterrupted operation in the process plants, industries
and even in domestic utilities. Keeping these situations in view, an attempt has been made in this
project to monitor data through wireless sensor network for measurement of temperature and
humidity. All the measured data is transmitted from the site to the arduino board (control unit) through
Sensor.

The experimental setup includes temperature and humidity sensor (DHT11), LCD, ARDUINO UNO. The
codes developed in-house are run in Arduino IDE software and dumped in Arduino Uno board. This way
a wireless system is designed which is autonomous and can monitor as well as control the physical or
environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity and could stream the respective data to
the control station. This Sensor network is bidirectional which enables the control over the sensor
activity. This system consists of various units as shown below which are assembled as a whole and works
in rhythm for accurate analysis functioning. As this system is equipped

with high sensitive sensors, networks with low delay and accuracy governed components, this system is
highly reliable for any application
Chapter-2

Components and Description

LArduino Uno:

Fig.1. Arduino Uno

Arduino/Genuino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P (datasheet). It has 14 digital
input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a
USB connection, a power Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
(datasheet).. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog
inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator (CSTCE16M0V53-R0), a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP
header and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller, simply connect
it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery, an ICSP header and a
reset button.

2.DHT Temperature and Humidity sensor:

The DHT11 is a digital temperature and humidity sensor. It uses a capacitive humidity sensor and a
thermistor to measure the surrounding air, and spits out a digital signal on the data pin (no analog input
pins needed).

The DHT11 sensor is able to measure temperatures from 0 to +50 °e with an accuracy of +/-2 °c and
relative humidity levels of 20 to 80% with an accuracy of+/-5%. A measurement can be done every
second.

3.LCD Display:

Fig.3. LCD Display

A 16x2 LCD display is very basic module and is very commonly used in various devices and circuits. A
16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters. per line and there are 2 such lines. In this L.CD each
character is displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix.

Pins 7-14 (Data Pins): These pins are used to send data to the display. These pins are connected in two-
wire modes like 4-wire mode and 8-wire mode. In 4-wire mode, only four pins are connected to the
microcontroller unit like 0 to 3, whereas in 8-wire mode, 8-pins are connected to microcontroller unit
like 0 to 7

4. Power Supply:
Chapter-3

Block Diagram and Working

Start

Open Serial Port

Start Reading data from DHT11

Display Data on LCD

Close Serial Port

End

www.TheEngineeringProjects.com

Fig. Block Diagram of Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System

Circuit Diagram and Working

100

Fig. Circuit Diagram of Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System

A monitoring project is built using Arduino UNO and DHT11 Humidity and Temperature Sensor, where
the Humidity and Temperature of the surroundings are displayed on an LCD display.

After making the connections, we need not do anything as the program will take care of everything.
Although there is a special library for the DHT11 module called "DHT", we didn't use it. If you want to
use this library, you need to download this library separately and add it to the existing libraries of
Arduino.

The program written is based on the data timing diagrams provided in the datasheet. The program will
make the Arduino to automatically read the data from the sensor and display it as Humidity and
Temperature on the LCD Display

We will see the circuit design of DHT11 interfacing with Arduino. The DHT11 Humidity and Temperature
sensor comes in two variants: just the sensor or a module.
Hi-Wett

Hi-Watt

Fig. Power Supply_9V Battery.

5. Buzzer:

Fig.5. Buzzer.

The buzzer is a sounding device that can convert audio signals into sound signals.... It is widely used in
alarms, computers, printers and other electronic products as sound devices. It is mainly divided into
piezoelectric buzzer and electromagnetic buzzer, represented by the letter "H" or "HA" in the circuit.
The main difference is that the module consists of the pull-up resistor and mity also include a power on
LED, We have used a module in this project and if you wish to use the sensor itself, you need to connect
a 5K 2 pull up resistor additionally.

Coming to the design, the data pin of the DHT11 Sensor is connected to the Pin 11 of Arduino, A 16 x 2
LCD display is used to display the results. The control pins of LCD i.e. RS and E (Pins 4 and 6 on LCD) are
connected to pins 4 and 5 of Arduino. The data pins of LCD i.e. D4 to D7 (pins 11 to 14 on LCD) are
connected to pins 0 to 3 on LCD.

All the DHT11 Sensors are accurately calibrated in the laboratory and the results are stored in the
memory. A single wire communication can be established between any microcontroller like Arduino and

the DHT11 Sensor. Also, the data from the sensor consists of integral and decimal parts for both Relative
Humidity (RH) and temperature.

The data from the DHT11 sensor consists of 40 bits and the format is as follows:

8-Bit data for integral RH value, 8-Bit data for decimal RH value, 8 - Bit data for integral Temperature
value, 8 - Bit data for integral Temperature value and 8-Bit data for checksum

Code for Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System:

#include "DHT.h"

#define DHTPIN 2

#define DHTTYPE DHT22

DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);

Void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);

Serial.println("DHTxx test!");

Dht.begin();

Void loop(){

Delay(2000);

Floath-dht.readHumidity();

Floatt dht.read Temperature();

Float f dht read Temperature(true);

If (isnan(h) isnan(t) isnan(f)) (

Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT sensor!");

Return:

Float hif-dht.computeHeatIndex(f, h);

Float hic dht.computeHeatIndex(t, h, false);

Serial.print("Humidity: ");

Serial.print(h);
Serial.print("%\t");

Serial.print("Temperature: ");

Serial.print(t);

Serial.print(" "C");

Serial.print(f);

Serial.print(" *Fr");

Serial.print("Heat index: ");

Serial.print(hic);

Serial.print(" "C");

Serial.print(hif);

Serial.println(" "F");
Chapter-6

Testing and Troubleshooting

Before soldering in components:

Check that component agrees with the parts list if in any doubt double check the polarized components.

Only use good quality IC sockets.

Check the continuity of the tracks on the PCB with a resistance meter or continuity tester.

d. Make sure that all drilling, filling and other heavy work are done before mounting any components.

After Mounting the Component:

1. Inspect all soldered joints by eye or using a magnifying glass and check them with a continuity tester.
Make sure there are no dry joints and no tracks are short circuited by poor soldering

b. Ensure that the positions of the entire component agree with the mounting diagram.

c. Check all ICs in their sockets.

d. Check all the polarized components are fitted correctly.

e. Check the no short-circuits between potentiometer, switches, etc. and there immediate surroundings

f. Ensure that the supply transformer is located as closely as possible to the circuits. g. Check that the
connections to the earth are there and that they are of good contact
h. Make sure the circuit is working correctly before spending any time putting it into a case,

And If It Breaks Down:

a. Recheck everything suggested so far.

b. Re-read the article carefully and carefully anything about which you are doubtful.

c. Check the supply voltage or voltages carefully and make sure that they reach the appropriate
components especially pins of the ICs
Chapter-7

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages:

It is simple in construction.

It is usable in contaminated environments.

It is usable without any issues upto 100% R.H. (in all substances).

It does not require any maintenance for longer periods

Disadvantages:

It is difficult to use below temperature of 0oC and with lower humidities.

It is sensitive to dewing and certain aggressive substances

It is limited accuracy.

It is slow in measurement.
Chapter-8

Applications and Future Scope

Applications:

DHT11 Relative Humidity and Temperature Sensor can be used in many applications

HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) Systems

Weather Stations

Medical Equipment for measuring humidity

Home Automation Systems

Automotive and other weather control applications

Future Scope:

The very embodiment through which the futuristic conundrum be set aside, is the project called "Smart
Temperature & Humidity Monitoring". A trailblazer by its spirit, this system works in its utmost
efficiency, whether that be in terms of its pecuniary ability or in terms of its accessibility. In the smoke of
the darkness where pollution engulfing every spheres of advancement as an outcome of producibility,
this device in its very efficiency work towards only advancement and development by flushing out the
pollution at large.
Chapter-9

Conclusion and References

Conclusion:

This concludes that the present proposed work was a success and it will provide a convenient method
for effective monitoring of temperature and humidity in real time. This system is compact to an extent
and cost effective when compared to prices of instruments used to measure the environmental factors.
From the above all analysis, it is ensured that the nested wired systems can be replaced by the wireless
sensor networks to get an accurate data as well as to avoid many hazardous issue.

References:

[1] Hongguang Xu, Faming Li, Chunyu Chen, Xianhong Dong. NOKIA mobile phone LCD module LPH7366
principle and its application. Foreign electronic components. pp 55-57,2004.

[2] Dong, Wei, et al. "Mosaic: Towards city scale sensing with mobile sensor networks." Parallel and
Distributed Systems (ICPADS), 2015 IEEE 21st International Conference on. IEEE, 2015.

[3] Patel, Riki H., Arpan Desai, and Trushit Upadhyaya. "A discussion on electrically small antenna
property." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 57.10 (2015): 2386-2388.

[4] David, Chavez M., et al. "A low-cost, rapid-deployment and energy-autonomous wireless sensor
network for air quality monitoring." Sensing Technology (ICST), 2015 9th International Conference on.
IEEE, 2015.

[5] Upadhyaya TK, Kosta S, Jyoti R, Palandoken M; Negative refractive index material-inspired 90-deg
electrically tilted ultra wideband resonator. Opt. Eng. 0001;53(10):107104. doi:
10.1117/1.ΟΕ.53.10.107104.
[6] Shanko, Eriola J., and Michalis G. Papoutsidakis. "Real time health monitoring and wireless
transmission: A Controller application to improve human medical needs." E-Health and Bioengineering
Conference (EHB), 2013. IEEE, 2015.