Unit 9: Protecting the environment (Part 2)

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to the following questions.
Question 1. __________is the gradual increase of temperature on the Earth's surface due to
the greenhouse effect.
A. Extreme weather B. Climate change C. Natural habitats D. Global warming
Question 2. Air pollution is a major ___________that has serious effects on our health.
A. sewage B. issue C. solution D. measure
Question 3. Some animals lose their habitats because of ___________.
A. biodiversity B. habitat C. energy D. deforestation
Question 4. Although we are aware _______ the importance of the environment, we still
overexploit it.
A. on B. of C. for D. from
Question 5. Do you think we are doing enough to ____________ wild animals?
A. prevent B. predict C. protect D. promote
Question 6. Many ________ animals have been saved thanks to community efforts.
A. natural B. dangerous C. generous D. endangered
Question 7. We should _________action to protect endangered animals.
A. make B. do C. get D. take
Question 8. The loss of forests can destroy the natural soil and lead __________climate
change.
A. down B. to C. off D. for
Question 9. There will be _______, too. Some areas will become wetter while others will
become much drier.
A. weather changes B. climate changes C. climatic changes D. weather forecasts
Question 10. “What was the weather like here?” - "It was very sunny and hot. We had a bit of
a ______________”
A. diversity B. heatwave C. habitat D. blance
Question 11. Global warming is the rise in the _________temperature of the earth's
atmosphere.
A. average B. polluted C. casual D. normal
Question 12. Earth Hour _________attention to climate change and global energy issues, and
promotes green activities worldwide.
A. paints B. attracts C. draws D. writes
Question 13. There are lots of things we can all do to ____ the environment.
A. build B. make C. protect D. enhance
Question 14. The gradual rise in the Earth's temperature is known as ____.
A. ozone layer B. acid rain C. greenhouse effect D. global warming
Question 15. All the different plants and animals in a natural community are in a state of
__________.
A. balance B. energy C. peace D. pollution
Question 16. Air pollution is a ____________of fossil fuel burning by motor vehicles,
factories, aircraft and rockets.
A. consequence B. example C. harm D. product
Question 17. Air pollution is a ___________ problem in many major cities.
A. global B. practical C. serious D. endangered
Question 18. Global warming is making _________weather events, such as hurricanes and
droughts.
A. sustainable B. positive C. climatic D. extreme
Question 19. Thousands of acres of forest are being cut down every year and the ____ of
many animals are being destroyed.
A. living surroundings B. natural habitats C. ways of life D. natural resources
Question 20. Holding World Environment Day is one of the ways the United Nations uses to
advocate for environmental ____ and call for political action.
A. protection B. decrease C. pollution D. experience
Question 21. The organisation focuses _______protecting the natural habitats of rare animals.
A. to B. in C. on D. for

Question 22. The council has _____________ ideas to help manage traffic.
A. made up with B. come up with C. raised awareness of D. taken part in
Question 23. The loss of forests can damage the natural habitats of many animals and put
wildlife _______danger.
A. to B. in C. on D. at
Question 24. We had a discussion about _________ warming this morning.
A. global B. negative C. natural D. extreme
Question 25. High levels of pollution can upset the ____________ of an ecosystem.
A. substance B. average C. reason D. balance
Question 26. Greenpeace is an international group that protests against anything which is a
____ to the environment.
A. threaten B. threatening C. threat D. threatener
Question 27. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s)
CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s). My friend said she would take part in a go-
green event the following week.
A. carry out B. look after C. participate in D. get on with
Question 28. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s)
CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s). She wanted to know if giant pandas were
still endangered.
A. strong B. much C. flooded D. large
Question 29. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s)
CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s). Air pollution is a major cause of respiratory
diseases or even lung cancer.
A. action B. sorrow C. reason D. right
Question 30. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to
the underlined word(s). It is found that endangered species are often concentrated in areas
that are poor and densely populated, such as much of Asia and Africa.
A. threatened B. reduced C. disappeared. protected
Question 31. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to
the underlined word(s). Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island. The islanders
even exported the surplus.
A. sufficiency B. excess C. large quantity D. small quantity
Question 32. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to
the underlined word(s). There was a drought in the countryside last year so the harvest was
poor.
A. famine B. wind C. flood D. epidemic
Choose the best option to complete the following sentences.

Question 1. Environmental pollution is becoming an ______ serious problem that needs to be

taken care of as soon as possible.
A. increasingly
B. increased
C. increase
D. increasing
Question 2. The _____ of rising sea levels is the flooding of coastal areas.
A. consequence
B. reasons
C. affect
D. causes
Question 3. International cooperation is necessary to address global environmental _____.
A. challenges
B. obstacles
C. disadvantages
D. difficulties
Question 4. Environmental protection includes preserving both living and _____ things.
A. disliving
B. noliving
C. non-living
D. unliving
Question 5. _____ gases released into the atmosphere lead to air pollution.
A. Waste
B. Rubbish
C. Wasteful
D. Wasted
Question 6. ______ waste is a much bigger problem than ordinary household waste.
A. Working
B. Industrial
C. Business
D. Manufacturing
Question 7. The _____ of greenhouse gases is a major contributor to climate change.
A. immersion
B. output
C. discharged
D. emission
Question 8. Pollution is a pressing issue that we need to ____ on to ensure a cleaner environment.
A. contribute
B. take
C. focus
D. issue
Question 9. Dinosaurs have been ______ for millions of years.
A. extinct
B. disappeared
C. endangered
D. threatened
Question 10. The student will _____ their research findings on the consequences of pollution.
A. play
B. perform
C. present
D. rehearse
Question 11. Before making decisions, it's important to _____ some research to gather relevant
information.
A. get
B. make
C. take
D. do
Question 12. The gradual rise in the Earth's temperature is known as ______.
A. greenhouse effect
B. Global warming
C. acid rain
D. ozone layer
Question 13. _____ weather events like floods and heatwaves are becoming more frequent.
A. Extremely
B. Definite
C. Extreme
D. Absolute
Question 14. Addressing environmental issues requires _____ action rather than just words.
A. practicing
B. theoretical
C. practice
D. practical
Question 15. Illegal _____ poses a significant threat to our environment.
A. reforestation
B. deforestation
C. forestry
D. forestation
Question 16. Climate change has serious effects on various______.
A. eco-friendliness
B. eco-tours
C. ecology
D. ecosystems
Question 17. The world is coming together in an international ______ to combat climate change.
A. statement
B. establishment
C. movement
D. moving
Question 18. As towns grow, they tend to destroy the surrounding ______ areas.
A. urban
B. rural
C. commercial
D. land
Question 19. _____ is essential for maintaining a healthy ecosystem.
A. Biodiversity
B. Biology
C. Biography
D. Biosphere
Question 20. The delicate _____ of the atmosphere is being disrupted by human activities.
A. balanced
B. emission
C. balance
D. solution
Question 21. A collaborative effort is needed to find solutions to_____.
A. climate warming
B. climatic change
C. climate change
D. global change
Question 22. The team brainstormed to ____ innovative solutions to tackle deforestation.
A. get on with
B. stay up with
C. put up with
D. come up with
Question 23. Environmental ____ is crucial for the well-being of our planet.
A. preserve
B. protection
C. enjoyment
D. destruction
Question 24. Greenpeace is an international group that protests against anything which is a
______ to the environment.
A. threaten
B. threatener
C. threatening
D. threat
Question 25. Scientists work to ____ the root causes of global warming.
A. identity
B. identify
C. eliminate
D. intend
Question 26. Taking practical actions is the key to making a positive _____ on environmental
challenges.
A. influential
B. control
C. impact
D. affect
Question 27. Protecting the _____ of wildlife is crucial for their survival.
A. habitat
B. inhabitant
C. habit
D. inhabit
Question 28. Don't forget to rehearse before you _____ your presentation on environmental
issues.
A. deliver
B. say
C. tell
D. speak
Question 29. Polar ice melting _____ to the rise in sea levels.
A. attributes
B. react
C. refer
D. contributes
Question 30. ____ to save endangered animals are vital to preserving biodiversity.
A. Efforts
B. Challenges
C. Failures
D. Successes

Choose the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part.

Question 31. Water pollution is a result of dumping pollutants such as detergents, pesticides, oil,
and other chemicals in rivers, which makes the water unclean.
A. substances
B. contaminants
C. stuffs
D. wastes
Question 32. In 1986, the organization changed its name to World Wide Fund for Nature.
However, it has operated under the original name in the US and Canada.
A. former
B. old
C. ancient
D. first
Question 33. The seashore was much polluted because of the amount of waste left there. All this
rubbish is killing fish and other marine life.
A. sea plants
B. water life
C. sea creatures
D. sea mammals
Question 34. Global warming is the gradual increase of temperature on the Earth's surface due to
greenhouse effect.
A. abrupt
B. slow
C. steady
D. sharp
Question 35. We are facing severe environmental pollution despite the fact that many world
organizations are working hard to reduce it.
A. harmful
B. serious
C. destructive
D. heavy

Choose the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part.

Question 36. Fresh water is very important to life because no one can live without it. Yet it is one
of the limited and most endangered natural resources on our planet.
A. Running
B. Clean
C. Drinkable
D. Polluted
Question 37. If you follow at least one of the tips, you can be proud of taking part in the
preservation of water, one of the very important and limited natural resources on earth.
A. self-confident
B. pleasant
C. self-satisfied
D. discontent
Question 38. Global warming may lead to many negative changes, including harsher weather
conditions.
A. more extreme
B. more scrious
C. more unbearable
D. milder
Question 39. Soil pollution leads to lack of fertile land to grow enough food for an increasing
population.
A. arid
B. deserted
C. rich
D. unclean
Question 40. One way to protect our environment from pollution is to reduce wasteful
consumption.
A. excessive
B. safe
C. economical D. costly

@Read the passage and choose the best option for each of the following questions.
Large animals that inhabit the desert have evolved many adaptations for reducing the effects of
extreme heat. One adaptation is to be light in color, and to reflect rather than absorb the Sun’s
rays. Desert mammals also depart from the normal mammalian practice of maintaining a constant
body temperature. This is an advantage since the heat of the first few hours of daylight is
absorbed in warming up the body, and an excessive build up of heat does not begin until well
into the day.
Another strategy of large desert animals is to tolerate the loss of body water to a point that would
be fatal for non-adapted animals. An equally important adaptation is the ability to replenish this
water loss at one drink. Desert animals can drink prodigious volumes in a short time, and camels
have been known to imbibe over 100 liters in a few minutes. A very dehydrated person, on the
other hand, cannot drink enough water to rehydrate at one session, because the human stomach is
not sufficiently big and because a too rapid dilution of the body fluids causes death from water
intoxication. The tolerance of water loss is of obvious advantage in the desert, as animals do not
have to remain near a water hole but can obtain food from grazing sparse and far-flung pastures.
Desert-adapted mammals have the further ability to feed normally when extremely dehydrated, it
is a common experience in people that appetite is lost even under conditions of moderate thirst.

Question 41. What causes water intoxication?

A. Drinking too much water very quickly.
B. Drinking polluted water.
C. Lack of water.
D. Bacteria in water.
Question 42. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an adaptation of large desert animals?
A. Being active at night.
B. Eating while dehydrated.
C. Drinking water quickly.
D. Variation in body temperatures.
Question 43. According to the passage, why is light coloring an advantage to large desert
animals?
A. It does not absorb sunlight as much as dark colors.
B. It helps them hide from predators.
C. It helps them see their young at night.
D. It keeps them cool at night.
Question 44. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. Diseased of desert animals.
B. Adaptations of desert animals.
C. Human use of desert animals.
D. Weather variations in the desert.
Question 45. The word “that” in paragraph 1 refers to _________.
A. rays
B. effects
C. adaptations
D. large animals

Read the passage and choose the option that best fits the gaps.
How To Stop Water Pollution
Water pollution ___(46)___ one of the biggest threats to the environment today. There are
several sources of water pollution ranging from sewage and ___(47)___ to soil erosion. The
impact of water pollution on wildlife and their natural habitat can be immense. There are also a
number of things that the average person can do to help stop water pollution.
We should conserve the soil ___(48)___ soil conservation influences water pollution through
erosion. As soil is eroded by water, it transfers sediment from the land to the body of water,
which is polluted by the chemicals in the sediment. Phosphorus and industrial ___(49)___ can be
pulled into water through soil erosion. When phosphorus levels in water become too high, they
can lead to algae blooms that can ___(50)___ massive fish deaths and make water unsafe for
human use. The best way to prevent soil erosion is to keep the banks of rivers well-covered with
plants or trees. Planting trees can have a significantly positive impact on the reduction in soil
erosion.

Question 46.
A. is
B. was
C. will be
D. has been
Question 47.
A. fertilizers
B. measures
C. factories
D. resources
Question 48.
A. despite
B. although
C. because
D. however
Question 49.
A. animals
B. levels
C. plants
D. chemicals
Question 50.
A. cause
B. causing
C. to cause
D. caused