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OSY CT1 Solution

The document is a question bank for a class test on Operating Systems, covering topics such as the definition and types of Operating Systems, system calls, services provided by OS, and process management. It includes both 2-mark and 4-mark questions, addressing key concepts like multiprogramming vs multitasking, inter-process communication, and various OS components. Additionally, it provides explanations for different types of operating systems and their advantages and disadvantages.

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4 views

OSY CT1 Solution

The document is a question bank for a class test on Operating Systems, covering topics such as the definition and types of Operating Systems, system calls, services provided by OS, and process management. It includes both 2-mark and 4-mark questions, addressing key concepts like multiprogramming vs multitasking, inter-process communication, and various OS components. Additionally, it provides explanations for different types of operating systems and their advantages and disadvantages.

Uploaded by

givaxol129
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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`Question Bank of OSY For Class Test 1

2 Marks Questions
1. What is an Operating System? List types of Operating System.
➔An Operating System (OS) is software that manages and handles the hardware and
software resources of a computer system. It provides interaction between users of
computers and computer hardware. An OS is a low-level Software that includes all the basic
functions like processor management, memory management, Error detection, etc.
Types of OS are:-
1) Batch Operating System
2) Multi-Programming Operating System
3) Multi-Tasking Operating System
4) Multi-Processing Operating System:
5) Time-Sharing Operating System
6) Distributed Operating System
7) Network Operating System
8) Real-Time Operating System (RTOS)

2. What is System Call & Types of it.


➔System calls are interfaces provisioned by the operating system to allow user-level
applications to interact wdith low-level hardware components & make use of all the services
provided by the kernel, which is a core component and the heart of an operating system that
manages all the hardware and the services provided by the OS.
Types of system call:-
1) File System
2) Memory management
3) Process control
4) Interprocess Communication
5) Device management

3. Different services of Operating Systems.


➔An Operating System provides services to both the users and to the programs.
Following are a few common services provided by an OS−
1) Program execution
2) I/O operations
3) File System manipulation
4) Communication
5) Error Detection
6) Resource Allocation
7) Protection
4. Define: Process, PCB.
➔ A process in an operating system represents an active program or task that is currently
running. It includes the program’s code, data, and execution context. Each process has its
own memory space, registers, and other resources. Processes are managed by the operating
system scheduler.
Process Control Block (PCB) is a data structure used by the operating system to manage
information about a process. It contains crucial data needed for efficient process
management.
Key components of a PCB include
• Process state (e.g., running, waiting, ready, terminated)
• Process ID (unique identifier)
• Memory Information
• CPU registers

5. Differentiate between Multiprogramming & Multitasking operating system


(Any 2 points).
➔
Multiprogramming Multitasking
1. Manages multiple programs in memory to 1. Executes multiple tasks or processes
keep the CPU busy by switching between concurrently, aiming to improve user
them based on their I/O needs interaction and system responsiveness.
2. Switches between processes based on 2. Rapidly switches between tasks, often
their states, typically less frequently. using preemptive scheduling to ensure
responsiveness.
3. Focuses on maximizing CPU usage by 3. Ensures efficient CPU usage while
minimizing idle time. maintaining a smooth user experience by
handling multiple tasks concurrently.
4. Typically used in batch processing with 4. Designed for interactive environments,
less emphasis on interactive tasks. allowing users to run and switch between
multiple applications simultaneously.

6. Write any two system calls related to file management.


➔ open(): Opens a file for reading or writing. A file could be of any type like text file, audio file
etc.
read(): Reads data from a file. Just after the file is opened through open() system call, then
if some process wants to read the data from a file, then it will make a read() system call.
close(): Closes a previously opened file.
7. Define Inter Process Communication and List its two types.
➔ When two or more process are required to communicate, then various IPC mechanism are
used by the OS which involves making numerous system calls.
Types of IPC are: socket(), pipe(), shmget(), semget()

4 Marks Questions
1. Explain Types of Operating System. (any 3)
➔
1) BATCH OS : In Batch operating system, access is given to more than one person, they
submit their respective jobs to the system for the execution.
The system put all of the jobs in a queue on the basis of first come first serve and then
executes the jobs one by one. The users collect their respective output when all the jobs get
executed.

The purpose of this operating system is mainly to transfer control from one job to another as
soon as the job was completed. It contained a small set of programs called the resident
monitor that always resided in one part of the main memory. The remaining part is used for
servicing jobs.
Advantages of Batch OS
The use of a resident monitor improves computer efficiency as it eliminates CPU time
between two jobs.
Disadvantage of Batch OS ➔ Starvation, not interactive

2) MULTIPROGRAMMED OS : Multiprogramming is an extension to batch processing where


the CPU is always kept busy. Each process needs two types of system time: CPU time and IO
time. In a multiprogramming environment, when a process does its I/O, The CPU can start the
execution of other processes. Therefore, multiprogramming improves the efficiency of the
system.
3) TIME SHARED OS : In the Time Sharing operating system, computer resources are
allocated in a time-dependent fashion to several programs simultaneously. Thus it helps to
provide a large number of user's direct access to the main computer. It is a logical extension
of multiprogramming. In time-sharing, the CPU is switched among multiple programs given
by different users on a scheduled basis.
A time-sharing operating system allows many users to be served
simultaneously, so sophisticated CPU scheduling schemes and Input/output
management are required.
Time-sharing operating systems are very difficult and expensive to build.
2. Explain Components of Operating system.(any 3)
3. Write two uses of the following O.S. tools – (i) Device Management (ii)
Performance monitor (iii)Task Scheduler.
4. What is Device Management ? Types of Device Management. (any 2)
5. Explain Process States with its Diagram.
6. Compare between Long term and short term scheduler. (Any four points)
7. Explain shared memory model and message passing model of
Interprocess communication (IPC)

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