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                        ❝ Trigonometric Formula ❞ 

The document outlines various trigonometric formulas, including definitions of sine, cosine, and tangent, as well as their relationships with radians and degrees. It also presents periodic identities, maximum value calculations, and several rules and formulas for angles and triangles. Additionally, it includes projection formulas and area calculations for triangles.

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mitinyasha50
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36 views

                        ❝ Trigonometric Formula ❞ 

The document outlines various trigonometric formulas, including definitions of sine, cosine, and tangent, as well as their relationships with radians and degrees. It also presents periodic identities, maximum value calculations, and several rules and formulas for angles and triangles. Additionally, it includes projection formulas and area calculations for triangles.

Uploaded by

mitinyasha50
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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❝ Trigonometric Formula ❞


⇒ sin θ = height / Hypotenuse
⇒ cos θ = base / Hypotenuse
⇒ tan θ = height / base
Remarks :-
Since 180° = π radians
Therefore, 1° = π /180 radians
Hence 30° = (π / 108) × 30 = π/6 radians
45° = π / 180 × 45 = π /4 radians
60 ° = π / 180 × 60 = π /3 radians
90° = π / 180 × 90 = π / 2 radians
We have,
π radians = 180 °
∴ 1 radian = 180° /π = (180/22 × 7)°
= 57° 16' 22'' (approx).
We have,
180° = π radians
1° = π /180 radians
= (22/7 × 180) radians = 0.01746 radians.
Some Useful Points:-
⇒ The angle between two consecutive digits in a clock is 30° ( = π/6 radians).
⇒ The hour hand rotates through an angle of 30° in one hour i.e (1/2)° in one
minute.
⇒ The minute hand rotates through an angle of 6° in one minute.
⇒ The number of radians in an angle subtended by an arc of a circle at the center
is equal to arc/ radius or θ = (l/r)c ( l is arc length and r is the radius).
⇒ sec θ = 1 / cos θ
⇒ cot θ = 1 / tan θ
⇒ cosec θ = 1 / sin θ
⇒ sin2θ + cos2θ = 1
⇒ cos2θ = 1- sin2θ
⇒ sin2θ = 1 - cos2θ
⇒ 1 + tan2θ = sec2θ
⇒ sec2θ - tan2θ = 1
⇒ sec2θ - 1 = tan2θ
⇒ 1+ cot2θ = cosec2θ
⇒ cosec2θ - cot2θ = 1
⇒ cosec2θ - 1 = cot2θ
⇒ secθ +tanθ = 1/secθ - tanθ
⇒ cosecθ + cot θ = 1/ cosec θ - cot θ
Periodicity Identies
⇒ sin (π/2 – A) = cos A & cos (π/2 – A) = sin A
⇒ sin (π/2 + A) = cos A & cos (π/2 + A) = – sin A
⇒ sin (3π/2 – A) = – cos A & cos (3π/2 – A) = – sin A
⇒ sin (3π/2 + A) = – cos A & cos (3π/2 + A) = sin A
⇒ sin (π – A) = sin A & cos (π – A) = – cos A
⇒ sin (π + A) = – sin A & cos (π + A) = – cos A
⇒ sin (2π – A) = – sin A & cos (2π – A) = cos A
⇒ sin (2π + A) = sin A & cos (2π + A) = cos A
To Calculate the maximum values.
(i) maximum value of m sin θ ± n cos θ = √(m2 + n2)
(ii) maximum value of m sin θ ± n sin θ = √(m2 + n2)
(iii) maximum value of m cos θ ± n cos θ = √(m2 + n2)
Few result:-
⇒ tan 1°. tan 2°.tan 3°........................,tan 89° = 1
⇒ cot 1°. cot 2° . cot 3°.,.....................,cot89° = 1
⇒ cos 1°. cos 2°.cos 3°.........................,cos 90° = 0
⇒ sin 1° . sin 2° . sin 3°. sin 4° ...............[ ·.· sin 180° = 0]
⇒ sin 1° .sin 2°. sin 3 °.sin 4° .................[ ·.· sin (more than 180° = 0]
Rule 1. If sec θ + tan θ = x then sec θ = (x2 + 1)/2x , tan θ = x2 - 1/2x , and
sin θ = (x2 -1)/(x2 +1).
Rule 2. If sec θ - tan θ = x then sec θ = x2 + 1/2x , tan θ = 1 - x2 /2x , and sin
θ = (1 - x2)/(1 + x2).
Rule 3. If sin θ + cos θ = x , then sin θ - cos θ = √(2 - x2)
Rule 4. If sin x + cosec x = 2 then sinn x + cosecn x = 2 If cos x + sec x = 2
then cosn x + secn x = 2 If tan x + cot x = 2 then tann x + cotn x = 2 Where n € N.
Rule 5. If A + B = 90° then, tan A.tanB = 1, sinA. sec B = 1, cosA. cosec B =1
cos 18° = sin 72° = √{(10+2√5)}, cos 36° = (√5+1)/4
Rule 6. If (1 + tan A) (1 + tan B) = 2 then A + B = 45°.
Function sum Formuale :-
⇒ Sin C + Sin D = 2 Sin (C+D)/2 Cos (C - D)/2
⇒ Sin C - Sin D = 2 Sin (C -D)/2 Cos(C+ D)/2
⇒ Cos C + Cos D = 2 Cos ( C+D)/2 Cos ( C - D)/2
⇒ Cos C - Cos D = -2 Sin(C + D)/2 Sin (C -D)/2
Double angle Formuale : (Multiple angles):-
sin 2A = 2 sinA .cosA = 2tan A/1+tan2 A
cos 2A = cos2 A - sin2 A = 2 cos2 A - 1 = 1 - 2 sin2 A = (1 - tan2 A)/(1 +tan2 A)
2 Cos2 A = 1 + cos 2A tan2 A = (1 - cos 2A)/(1 +cos 2A)
2 sin2 A = 1 - cos 2A
tan 2A = 2 tan A/ (1 - tan2 A)
Thrice angle Formula:-
sin 3A = 3 sin A - 4 sin3A
cos 3A = 4 cos3 A - 3 cos A
tan 3A = 3 tanA - tan3 A / 1 - 3 tan2A
Half - angle formuale :(Sub - multiple angles)
sin A = 2 sin (A/2) .cos (A/2) = 2 tan (A/2)/1+tan2(A/2)
cos A = cos2(A/2) - sin2(A/2) = 2 cos2(A/2) - 1 = 1 - 2 sin2(A/2) = 1 -
tan2 (A/2)/1+tan2(A/2)
2cos2(A/2) = 1 + cos A
2 sin2(A/2) = 1 - cos A
tan2(A/2) = 1 - cos A/ 1+ cos A
tan A = 2 tan (A/2)/1- tan2(A/2)
⇒ cos A.cos 2 A. cos 22 A.cos 23 A. ........ cos 2n-1 A = sin2nA/2n sinA
⇒ sinθ. sin (60° – θ) . sin (60° + θ) = 1/4 sin 3θ
⇒ cosθ .cos (60° – θ). (60° + θ) = 1/4 cos 3θ
Cosine formulae :-
In any Δ ABC ,
(i) a2 = b2 + c2 - 2bc cosA or , cos A = b2 + c2 - a2/2bc
(ii) b2 = c2 + a2 - 2ca cosB or , cos B = a2 + c2 - b2/2ca
(iii) c2 = a2 + b2 - 2ab cos C or , cos C = a2 + b2 - c2 /2ab
Projection Formulae:-
In any Δ ABC
(i) a = b cos C + c cos B
(ii) b =c cos A + a cos C
(iii) c = a cosB + b cos A
i,e any side of the triangle is equal to the sum of the projections of the other
two sides on it.
Napier's Analogy ( Law of Triangle):-
In any Δ ABC
(i) tan (B - C)/2 = (b - c) /(b + c) cot A/2
(ii) tan (A - B) /2 = ( a - b)/(a + b) cot C/2
(iii) tan ( C -A) /2 = (c -a)/(c +a) cot B/2
Area of a triangle:-
In any Δ ABC , Area of Δ = 1/2 bc sinA = 1/2 CA sin B = 1/2 ab sin C
⇒ The equation a cosθ + b sin θ = c is solvable for |c| < √(a2 + b2)
-:-☀-☀-☀-☀-:-

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