Republic of the Philippines

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

College of Engineering - Department of Chemical Engineering

Name: _______________________________________ Date: ______________________
SR-Code: ____________________ Section: ____________________

Multiple Choice: Choose the BEST ANSWER among the given choices and SHADE THE LETTER OF CHOICE in the ANSWER
SHEET provided. The long quiz is a 50 ITEM/POINT assessment and good for an utmost time of 2 HOURS. ANY FORM OF
ACADEMIC DISHONESTY will CREDIT NO POINT for the whole assessment.

1. Which of the following is NOT a primary bonding type?

A. Ionic Bonding C. Covalent Bonding
B. Metallic Bonding D. Hydrogen Bonding

Explanation: Hydrogen bonding is a secondary bonding type, unlike ionic, metallic, and covalent bonding which are primary
bonding types.

2. Which material is characterized by strong bonds, hardness, and brittleness?

A. Metals C. Polymers
B. Ceramics D. Composites

Explanation: Ceramics have strong bonds, making them hard yet brittle, unlike metals or polymers.

3. What is the coordination number for a simple cubic structure?

A. 4 C. 8
B. 6 D. 12

Explanation: The coordination number for a simple cubic structure is 6, representing the number of nearest neighboring atoms.

4. Which material type typically has the highest electrical conductivity?

A. Ceramics C. Metals
B. Polymers D. Composites

Explanation: Metals have a high density of free-moving electrons, giving them excellent electrical conductivity.

5. Which crystal structure has the highest atomic packing factor (APF)?
A. BCC C. FCC
B. HCP D. Simple Cubic

Explanation: FCC has an APF of 0.74, the highest among the listed structures.

6. Which property is generally associated with polymers?

A. Brittle C. Low Density
B. High Melting Point D. High Electrical Conductivity

Explanation: Polymers are known for their low density and flexibility.

7. Which of the following materials is generally ductile?

A. Ceramics C. Metals
B. Polymers D. Semiconductors

Explanation: Metals are ductile due to their ability to deform under stress without breaking.

8. Which crystal structure has a coordination number of 8?

A. FCC C. HCP
B. BCC D. Simple Cubic

Explanation: The BCC structure has a coordination number of 8.

9. Which of the following best describes ionic bonding?

A. Sharing of electrons C. Attraction between cations and anions
B. Delocalized electron cloud D. Weak molecular attraction

Explanation: Ionic bonding occurs between positively charged cations and negatively charged anions.

10. What is the atomic packing factor for a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure?
A. 0.52 C. 0.74
B. 0.68 D. 0.82

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 Explanation: FCC has the highest APF of 0.74 due to its efficient packing.

11. Which of the following materials is considered a composite?

A. Aluminum C. Fiberglass
B. Graphite D. PVC

Explanation: Fiberglass combines glass fibers with a polymer matrix, making it a composite.

12. What type of bonding is dominant in metals?

A. Ionic C. Metallic
B. Covalent D. Van der Waals

Explanation: Metals are characterized by a "sea of electrons," allowing free movement of electrons.

13. Which material structure is known to have no long-range order?

A. Crystalline C. Polycrystalline
B. Amorphous D. FCC

Explanation: Amorphous materials lack the periodic atomic arrangement found in crystalline solids.

14. Which of the following is an example of a ferrous metal?

A. Copper C. Cast Iron
B. Titanium D. Aluminum

Explanation: Ferrous metals are iron-based materials such as steel, cast iron, and wrought iron.

15. Which bonding type is characterized by electron sharing between non-metal atoms?
A. Ionic C. Metallic
B. Covalent D. Van der Waals

Explanation: Covalent bonding occurs through the sharing of electrons between non-metal atoms.

16. Which of the following is an example of a ceramic material?

A. Copper C. Cement
B. Zinc D. Rubber

Explanation: Cement is a ceramic material known for its hardness and resistance to heat.

17. Which type of crystal structure is characterized by having 6 atoms per unit cell?
A. BCC C. HCP
B. FCC D. SC

Explanation: HCP has 6 atoms per unit cell and a high packing efficiency.

18. What type of bonding occurs due to weak dipole interactions?

A. Ionic C. Metallic
B. Covalent D. Van der Waals

Explanation: Van der Waals forces are weak interactions between molecules with temporary dipoles.

19. Which of the following properties is commonly found in ceramics?

A. High Ductility C. High Hardness
B. High Thermal Expansion D. Good Electrical Conductivity

Explanation: Ceramics are typically hard but brittle.

20. Which material property measures a material's ability to resist deformation?

A. Ductility C. Hardness
B. Elasticity D. Toughness

Explanation: Hardness refers to a material’s resistance to localized deformation.

21. Which crystal structure is common in aluminum?

A. BCC C. HCP
B. FCC D. SC

Explanation: Aluminum exhibits an FCC structure, known for its high packing efficiency.

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22. Which bond type is highly directional in nature?
A. Ionic C. Metallic
B. Covalent D. Van der Waals

Explanation: Covalent bonds are directional since the shared electron pairs are fixed between atoms.

23. Which of the following best describes a semiconductor?

A. High electrical conductivity C. Highly insulative
B. Intermediate electrical properties D. Brittle and dense

Explanation: Semiconductors possess electrical conductivity between that of conductors and insulators.

24. Which of the following is a polymorphic material?

A. Copper C. Zinc
B. Iron D. Magnesium

Explanation: Iron exhibits different crystal structures at different temperatures (e.g., BCC at room temperature, FCC at higher
temperatures).

25. Which of the following is an example of a van der Waals bond?

A. NaCl C. Graphite
B. Diamond D. Aluminum

Explanation: Graphite layers are held together by weak van der Waals forces.

26. Which type of defect occurs when an atom is missing from a lattice point?
A. Vacancy C. Substitutional
B. Interstitial D. Frenkel

Explanation: A vacancy defect occurs when an atom is missing from its expected position in the crystal lattice.

27. Which crystal structure is known for its lowest packing efficiency?
A. Simple Cubic C. BCC
B. FCC D. HCP

Explanation: The simple cubic structure has the lowest packing efficiency (52%).

28. Which of the following properties is associated with a material’s ability to absorb energy before fracturing?
A. Toughness C. Elasticity
B. Hardness D. Ductility

Explanation: Toughness measures a material's ability to absorb energy and deform without fracturing.

29. Which crystal structure is known for its diagonal planes of atoms forming close-packed layers?
A. FCC C. HCP
B. BCC D. Simple Cubic

Explanation: Simple cubic structures exhibit diagonal planes but are less efficient in packing compared to FCC or HCP.

30. Which of the following is NOT considered a mechanical property of a material?

A. Toughness C. Electrical Conductivity
B. Hardness D. Ductility

Explanation: Electrical conductivity is an electrical property, not mechanical.

31. Which type of bond results in the formation of positive metal ions surrounded by a "sea of electrons"?
A. Ionic C. Metallic
B. Covalent D. Hydrogen

Explanation: Metallic bonding involves delocalized electrons that move freely, giving metals their conductivity.

32. Which material property describes a material's ability to deform without breaking?
A. Elasticity C. Ductility
B. Brittleness D. Hardness

Explanation: Ductility refers to the ability of a material to undergo plastic deformation before failure.

33. Which point defect occurs when an extra atom is present in the crystal lattice?
A. Vacancy C. Substitutional
B. Interstitial D. Frenkel
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 Explanation: An interstitial defect occurs when an atom is located in a normally unoccupied position in the crystal structure.

34. Which mechanical property describes the maximum stress a material can withstand without permanent deformation?
A. Toughness C. Hardness
B. Elastic Limit D. Yield Strength

Explanation: Yield strength defines the maximum stress before plastic deformation occurs.

35. Which of the following is an example of a covalent material?

A. Diamond C. Sodium Chloride
B. Copper D. Magnesium Oxide

Explanation: Diamond’s strong covalent bonds contribute to its exceptional hardness.

36. Which term describes a material that fractures with little to no plastic deformation?
A. Ductile C. Elastic
B. Brittle D. Malleable

Explanation: Brittle materials tend to break suddenly without significant deformation.

37. Which type of bonding involves electron transfer from one atom to another?
A. Ionic C. Metallic
B. Covalent D. Hydrogen

Explanation: Ionic bonding occurs when electrons are transferred, forming cations and anions.

38. Which of the following crystal structures is characterized by a 2-atom basis?

A. Simple Cubic C. HCP
B. BCC D. Diamond

Explanation: Diamond has a 2-atom basis, contributing to its strong covalent structure.

39. Which material property is directly linked to a material's ability to return to its original shape after deformation?
A. Plasticity C. Elasticity
B. Ductility D. Toughness

Explanation: Elasticity describes a material’s ability to recover its original form after stress is removed.

40. Which property is most closely associated with a material’s resistance to indentation or scratching?
A. Toughness C. Malleability
B. Hardness D. Elasticity

Explanation: Hardness is defined as a material's resistance to localized deformation such as indentation.

41. Which defect occurs when an ion moves from its lattice position to an interstitial position?
A. Vacancy C. Schottky Defect
B. Frenkel Defect D. Interstitial Defect

Explanation: A Frenkel defect occurs when an atom or ion is displaced to an interstitial site.

42. Which material property is characterized by the ability to be hammered or pressed into thin sheets?
A. Ductility C. Toughness
B. Malleability D. Elasticity

Explanation: Malleability refers to the ability to deform under compressive stress.

43. Which type of bonding is most likely to produce transparent materials?

A. Covalent C. Metallic
B. Ionic D. Hydrogen

Explanation: Ionic materials, such as sodium chloride, often exhibit transparency due to their electron structure.

44. Which defect results from the removal of an equal number of cations and anions to maintain charge balance?
A. Vacancy C. Schottky Defect
B. Frenkel Defect D. Interstitial Defect

Explanation: A Schottky defect occurs when cations and anions are both missing, ensuring electrical neutrality.

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 45. Which of the following structures is most likely to exhibit plastic deformation before fracture?
A. FCC C. HCP
B. BCC D. Simple Cubic

Explanation: FCC materials, like aluminum and copper, are highly ductile and capable of plastic deformation.

46. Which mechanical property is the measure of a material’s ability to resist fracture under impact?
A. Ductility C. Toughness
B. Hardness D. Elasticity

Explanation: Toughness measures the total energy a material can absorb before fracturing.

47. Which type of crystal defect is characterized by the displacement of a row of atoms?
A. Vacancy C. Interstitial
B. Dislocation D. Frenkel Defect

Explanation: Dislocations are linear defects resulting from misalignment in atomic layers.

48. Which bonding type is most likely to result in low electrical conductivity?
A. Ionic C. Metallic
B. Covalent D. Hydrogen

Explanation: Ionic materials have tightly bound electrons, reducing their ability to conduct electricity.

49. Which mechanical property is defined as a material's ability to withstand cyclic loading without failure?
A. Fatigue Strength C. Elastic Limit
B. Toughness D. Ductility

Explanation: Fatigue strength describes a material's resistance to failure under repeated stress cycles.

50. Which crystal defect is characterized by missing an entire row of atoms in the lattice?
A. Line Defect C. Grain Boundary
B. Edge Dislocation D. Vacancy

Explanation: Edge dislocations occur when an entire row of atoms is displaced from its normal position.

“I never said it would be easy, I only said it would be worth it.”

– Mae West, American actress and singer, 1893-1980
Prepared by:

Engr. Kim Dowell D. Panganiban

Instructor, ENGG 412 - Materials Science and Engineering

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