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The document outlines best practices for secure coding, including declarative security, concurrency management, secure configuration, exception management, safe APIs, type safety, memory management, and cryptography. It also lists the OWASP Top 10 application security risks and their mitigation strategies, emphasizing the importance of secure coding practices to prevent vulnerabilities. Additionally, it compares the OSI and TCP/IP models, highlighting their key functions.

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11 views

Document 2 (6)

The document outlines best practices for secure coding, including declarative security, concurrency management, secure configuration, exception management, safe APIs, type safety, memory management, and cryptography. It also lists the OWASP Top 10 application security risks and their mitigation strategies, emphasizing the importance of secure coding practices to prevent vulnerabilities. Additionally, it compares the OSI and TCP/IP models, highlighting their key functions.

Uploaded by

lokeshraghavendracheeraboyina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Declarative Security:RBAC,DV,RS, Uses external configuration (XML, annotations), Less

flexible as security rules are defined statically, Easier to manage and update without
changing source code,

Clearly define and document security requirements, 2. Leverage built-in security


frameworks and libraries, Regularly review and update security configurations, Implement
a defense-in-depth approach, Follow the principle of least privilege Conduct security
testing and code reviews

Concurrency: Concurrent programming involves the execution of multiple tasks or


processes simultaneously. Secure coding in concurrent environments is crucial to prevent
race conditions, data corruption, and unauthorized access to shared resources, data
Concurrency issues can lead to security risks such as race conditions, deadlocks,

and inconsistent data states

/Synchronization, Thread Safety

Secure configuration management: Secure configuration management involves properly


managing and securing the configuration settings of an application. It includes handling
sensitive configuration parameters, preventing unauthorized modifications, and ensuring
secure storage and transmission of configuration data

/Session Expiration,Session Token Handling

Exception Management:

• Secure exception management practices: Exception management involves handling


andresponding to unexpected errors or exceptions in a secure and controlled manner.
Proper exception

Best practices for secure exception management include:

1. Custom Error Messages: Providing meaningful error messages to users without


revealingsensitive information or system internals.

2. Exception Logging: Logging exceptions with appropriate levels of detail for


troubleshooting and analyzing security incidents.

Safe APIs:

• Designing and using secure APIs: Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) enable
interaction between different software components. Safe APIs focus on designing and
using APIs that are secure and resilient against attacks, ensuring data integrity and
protecting against unauthorized access.
Best practices for safe API development include:

1. Authentication and Authorization: Implementing secure authentication and


authorization mechanisms for API access.

2. Input Validation: Validating and sanitizing API input parameters to prevent security

vulnerabilities such as injection attacks.

Type Safety:

• Importance of type safety in secure coding: Type safety refers to ensuring that variables
and data structures are used in a manner consistent with their declared types. It helps
prevent type-relatedvulnerabilities and can mitigate security risks associated with
incorrect data handling.

Techniques for ensuring type safety include:

1. Strong Typing: Using programming languages with strong type systems that enforce type

constraints at compile-time.

2. Input Validation and Sanitization: Validating and sanitizing user inputs to prevent
unexpected or malicious data types from causingsecurity vulnerabilities.Common attacks
identified using sql injection.command injection , XSS crosssite scripting

Memory Management:

• Secure memory management practices: Secure memory management involves handling


memory resources securely to prevent vulnerabilities such as buffer overflows, memory
leaks, or unauthorized access to sensitive data.

Best practices for secure memory management include:

1. Bounds Checking: Ensuring that memory operations stay within allocated memory
regions to prevent buffer overflows.

2. Secure Allocation and Deallocation: Using secure memory allocation and


deallocationtechniques, such as freeing memory immediately after use and clearing
sensitive data from memory.

Importance of secure cryptography: It involves the proper selection and implementation of


cryptographic algorithms, key management, and secure encryption/decryption processes.
1. Strong Encryption: 2. Key Management: Implementing secure key generation, storage,
and distribution practices to protect encryption keys.3) secure hashing 4) secure
cryptographic algorithms
List of OWASP Top 10 Application security risks:

1. Injection.2. Broken Authentication.3. Sensitive Data Exposure.4. XML External Entities


(XXE).5. Broken Access Control.6. Security Misconfiguration.7. Cross-Site Scripting
(XSS).8. Insecure Deserialization.9. Using Components with Known
Vulnerabilities.10.Insufficient Logging & Monitoring.

5) Broken Access Control Risk:

Root Causes of Broken Access Control:

• Insecure direct object references• Insufficient authorization checks

• Lack of role-based access controls• Inadequate enforcement of access controls

Mitigation Strategies:

• Implement proper access controls • Role-based access control (RBAC)• Regular


security testing • Logging and monitoring

6) Security misconfiguration:

Common Types of Security Misconfigurations:

• Default configurations• Improper access controls: • Unnecessary services and features •


Outdated or unpatched software:

Mitigation Strategies:

• Secure configurations• Regular security assessments• Patch and update management•


Least privilege principle

8) Insecure Deserialization Risk:

Remote code execution: • Data tampering: • Denial-of-service (DoS)

Mitigation Strategies:

• Input validation and filtering• Implement secure deserialization libraries • Principle of


least privilege• Regular security updates:

9) Consequences of Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities:

• Unauthorized access: • Code execution:• Data breaches: • System disruption:


Mitigation Strategies:

• Regular updates and patches• Vulnerability monitoring:• Dependency management: •


Security testing:

10) Consequences of Insufficient Logging and Monitoring:

• Delayed incident response• Unidentified attacks• Inability to conduct forensic


investigations:• Compliance violations

Mitigation Strategies:

• Implement comprehensive logging• Real-time monitoring and alerting• Security


information and event management (SIEM) • Regular log review and analysis

OSI Model (7 TCP/IP Model (4 Key functions


Layers) Layers)
Application Layer Application Layer Provides network services
directly to user applications
(e.g.,HTTP, FTP, SMTP) and
defines data exchange.
Presentation Layer Application Layer Handles data translation,
encryption, and
compression. In
TCP/IP, this is usually part
of the Application Layer.
Session Layer Application Layer Manages sessions and
connection between
applications.
This function is also
managed within the
Application Layer
in TCP/IP.
Transport Layer Transport Layer Ensures reliable or
unreliable data delivery,
flow control, and
error correction (e.g., TCP,
UDP).
Network Layer Internet Layer Manages logical addressing
and routing of packets
across different networks
using IP addresses.
Data Link Layer Network Interface Layer Handles node-to-node data
transfer, physical
addressing
(MAC), and error detection
over the physical network.
Physical Layer Network InterfaceLayer Responsible for the actual
transmission of bits over a
medium, such as cables or
wireless signals.

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